@article{2-s2.0-105034309764,

title = {Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of runoff in Tajikistan and its driving mechanisms under climate change},

author = { Ch. Li and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and J. He and Yu. Lu and Z. Guo and G. Fang and A. Ulman and V.G. Salnikov and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105034309764?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.regsus.2026.100297},

issn = {20970129},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Regional Sustainability},

volume = {7},

number = {1},

publisher = {KeAi Communications Co.},

abstract = {A B S T R A C TBased on monthly runoff and climate datasets spanning 2000–2024, this study employed the Theil–Sen’s slope estimation, Mann–Kendall (M–K) trend test, as well as Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation analyses to systematically examine the spatiotemporal patterns of runoff and its climatic driving mechanisms across Tajikistan, providing a scientific basis for sustainable water resource utilization and management in the study area. Results indicated that during 2000–2024, the annual runoff in Tajikistan exhibited statistically non-significant long-term trend (P=0.76), while displaying pronounced seasonal variability and strong spatial heterogeneity. Spring and summer average runoff primarily exhibited slight declining tendencies, while winter average runoff exhibited pronounced reduction in localized regions, such as the Syr Darya Basin, the Vakhsh River Basin, and the lower reaches of the Zeravshan River Basin. Precipitation emerged as the dominant positive driver of runoff, exhibiting moderate to strong positive correlations across over 78.00% of the country, whereas potential evapotranspiration consistently functioned as a negative driver. Rising temperatures exerted a dual competitive effect on runoff: in high-elevation, glacier-covered regions, rising temperatures temporarily increased runoff by accelerating glacier melt; however, at the national scale, the negative impact of rising temperature on runoff has played a slightly dominant role to a certain extent by enhancing evapotranspiration. Collectively, these results indicated that the present stability of runoff in Tajikistan is strongly dependent on the short-term compensatory effects of glacier melt and the risk of future runoff decline is likely to intensify as glacier reserves continue to diminish. This study provides a critical scientific evidence to inform sustainable water resource management in Tajikistan and underscores the need for glacier conservation and integrated water resource management strategies. © 2026 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105033243982,

title = {Spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem services and ecological connectivity optimization in arid Northwest China},

author = { H.E. Jing and Y.U. Yang and S. Lingxiao and L. Chunlan and G.U.O. Zengkun and L.U. Yuanbo and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105033243982?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.jaridl.2026.03.004},

issn = {16746767},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Arid Land},

volume = {18},

number = {3},

pages = {406-428},

publisher = {KeAi Communications Co.},

abstract = {Northwest China serves as a critical ecological barrier region for maintaining national water, energy, and food security, as well as transboundary ecological governance. However, under the dual pressures of climate change and human activities, ecosystem services (ESs) are facing severe challenges in this region. Based on multi-source remote sensing and statistical data during 2000–2020, this study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of four key ESs (water yield; habitat quality; carbon storage; and food provisioning) in Northwest China using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. Integrating morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and circuit theory, we identified ecological sources, corridors, pinch points, and barriers, and further designed three optimization scenarios (bottleneck optimization; high-resistance corridor buffering; and barrier removal optimization) to enhance landscape connectivity. The results revealed that ES supply and demand exhibited marked spatial heterogeneity, with high-supply areas concentrated in the southeastern sectors. Ecological sources primarily distributed in the southeastern and northern sectors, and ecological resistance surfaces continuously intensified. Water yield and habitat quality demands were increasing, food provisioning demand was decreasing, and carbon storage demand was surging. A total of 61 ecological sources (8% of the study area), 142 ecological corridors (24;957 km in total length), 237 ecological pinch points, and 89 barrier zones were identified. Among the three optimization scenarios, barrier removal achieved optimal connectivity improvement across all distance thresholds, with the probability of connectivity index improvement reaching up to 4%. This study provides scientific foundations and spatial decision support for ecological network optimization and sustainable governance in arid and semi-arid areas. Copyright © 2026. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105035795002,

title = {The Tarnowskie Góry UNESCO World Heritage Site, Poland – preliminary results from the understudied historical industrial centre with great potential for dendrochronological dating},

author = { M. Wistuba and M. Opała-Owczarek and I. Malik and A.M. Bieniasz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105035795002?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2026.126521},

issn = {11257865},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Dendrochronologia},

volume = {97},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {The Tarnowskie Góry UNESCO World Heritage Site in Poland has a long history of international significance in metal mining and smelting. Lead, zinc, and silver were extracted from shallow shafts and extensive underground mines, while iron mining and processing developed in water-powered plants along rivers. Charcoal production supported iron metallurgy. Despite recognition of the region’s historical and technological value, much of its industrial past remains poorly understood, and dendrochronology has been applied only sporadically. The industrial legacy includes abundant tree-ring-datable monuments, such as timber mine casings, wooden artefacts and miners’ equipment, charcoal from hearth remains, construction timber from river dams and factories, and preserved wooden machines. Thus, in this study, we present preliminary tree-ring datings for selected industrial monuments in the Tarnowskie Góry area. Our results demonstrate that dendrochronology can validate, correct, and complement archival records, providing new chronological insights. For example, the Regolowiec Site was found to predate historical documents, Brusiek hearths reveal extended charcoal production periods, and shafts at the Segiet Site were dated for the first time. Successful dating was achieved despite poor timber preservation and a short ring series. These findings highlight the potential of tree-ring research to address existing gaps in the industrial and geoarchaeological history of the Tarnowskie Góry. Given the abundance of datable monuments and local tree-ring chronologies, comprehensive, long-term dendrochronological research can significantly refine the chronology of mining, smelting, and charcoal production in this UNESCO-protected area. © 2026 Elsevier GmbH.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105030466836,

title = {Three-dimensional identification and assessment of compound droughts from a propagation perspective},

author = { Z. Guo and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and Ch. Li and J. He and Mi. Chen and Y. Gao and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030466836?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2026.109921},

issn = {03418162},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Catena},

volume = {266},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Global warming has increased the frequency of compound disaster events, posing significant threats to ecosystems. Among these, compound droughts are difficult to identify due to complex spatiotemporal interactions among different drought types. Most existing studies emphasize temporal overlaps, overlooking the spatiotemporal continuity of drought evolution. To address this limitation, we propose a dual spatiotemporal coupling framework. It first applies three-dimensional clustering to identify spatiotemporally continuous drought events within individual drought types and then performs event-level spatiotemporal coupling across drought types from a propagation perspective to identify compound drought events. Applied to a typical arid region in Northwest China from 1987 to 2020, the framework effectively identified multiple compound drought types and enabled systematic evaluation of their characteristics and compoundness (i.e. dependence) relative to single-type droughts. In addition, the variable importance in projection (VIP) method was employed to identify dominant hydrometeorological drivers. The result showed that the framework detected 32 meteorological–hydrological (MH), 33 meteorological–ecological (ME), 33 hydrological–ecological (HE), and 17 meteorological–hydrological–ecological (MHE) events. Notably, the identified compound drought events in the study area have exhibited a marked trend of increasing severity since the 2000s. In terms of compoundness, MH droughts exhibited a higher degree of compoundness with meteorological drought (MD) than with hydrological drought (HD), particularly in terms of duration, whereas ME, HE, and MHE droughts showed the highest compoundness with ecological drought (ED). Regarding driving factors, meteorological variables dominated MH, ME, and MHE compound droughts, but hydrological variables predominantly influenced HE compound droughts. Overall, this framework offers a novel approach for capturing the spatiotemporal complexity of compound droughts, providing critical insights for drought monitoring under climate change scenarios © 2026 The Authors.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105039154994,

title = {Reconstruction of tension cracks evolution for geomorphological hazard assessment using wood anatomy of olive and pine roots– example from Monóvar (SE, Spain)},

author = { I. Malik and R. Tomas and A.M. Bieniasz and M. Wistuba and K. Tomaszewski and M. Maerker},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105039154994?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2026.110246},

issn = {03418162},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Catena},

volume = {271},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Tension cracks in the ground are an early warning sign of active geological processes, such as landslides. This study introduces a novel approach using roots of Aleppo pine ( Pinus halepensis Mill.) and olive ( Olea europaea L.) to date the formation and widening of tension cracks of a landslide located in Monóvar, SE Spain. We evaluated the utility of wood anatomy features for geomorphological hazard assessment. Additionally, we examined the suitability of olive and pine roots for analysing the formation and widening of cracks. Particularly useful features of wood anatomy allowing for the reconstruction of crack formation in the terrain substrates are the decrease in cell lumen size that occurs after root exposure. Additionally, compression wood, documents the widening of the crack after root exposure. The cracks on the studied landslide were formed in 1984 and widened during several successive episodes at a rate of 0.66–2.15 cm/year, providing values very similar to those measured by InSAR. In recent years, the cracks widened intensively, indicating an increasing hazard susceptibility of the studied landslide. The anatomy of pine root wood allows for the dating of crack formation. Moreover, subsequent episodes of crack widening were identified with an accuracy of one year. In contrast, the analysis of olive wood anatomy reveals only the timing of crack formation and widening. The study shows that the wood anatomy of roots growing in tension cracks may serve to assess natural hazards such as landslides. Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105012627304,

title = {Hydrological Fluctuations and Competition Drive Growth Dynamics of Invasive Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Post-Mining Novel Ecosystems},

author = { I. Malik and D. Chmura and T. Molenda},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012627304?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1002/ldr.70069},

issn = {10853278},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Land Degradation and Development},

volume = {36},

number = {18},

pages = {6298-6309},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Environmental stress and competition can significantly influence tree growth. However, in so-called novel ecosystems, that is, landscapes where biotic and/or abiotic characteristics were altered by humans, conditions for tree growth are untypical. This study aimed to fill the gap in knowledge about growth under anthropogenic conditions by examining whether daily industrial flooding, dryness, and competition impact the tree ring widths of Robinia pseudoacacia from 2005 to 2019. The research was conducted in a novel ecosystem example: an open-cast mine. The study area included four habitats: dry tank, wet tank, Oak-Black locust forest (Quercus robur with R. pseudoacacia admixture), and Robinia forests (Chelidonio-Robinietum phytocoenosis). A total of 43 discs and 523 single observations of R. pseudoacacia tree rings were analyzed. Dendrochronological research revealed that since 2011, tree growth began to differentiate. On average, the widest tree rings were recorded in the wet tank, while the narrowest were in the Oak-Black locust forest. The generalized linear mixed-effect model showed a strong but varied relationship between tree ring width and years of growth. The highest positive trend was in the wet tank, followed by the dry tank, while both forest types showed a decreasing growth trend in later years. From 2013 to 2019, the highest median tree ring width was in wet tanks, followed by dry tanks, and the lowest in both forest types. The study demonstrated that R. pseudoacacia, as a pioneer tree, can adapt to extreme conditions in both dry and wet anthropogenic habitats, contributing to its invasiveness. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105014271705,

title = {Time-Series MODIS-Based Remote Sensing and Explainable Machine Learning for Assessing Grassland Resilience in Arid Regions},

author = { R. Liu and Ya. Yu and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and Z. Guo and Yu. Lu and X. Ding and J. He and L. Sun and Ch. Li and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014271705?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.3390/rs17162749},

issn = {20724292},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Remote Sensing},

volume = {17},

number = {16},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Grassland ecosystems in arid regions increasingly experience resilience loss due to intensifying climatic variability. However, the limited interpretability of conventional machine learning models constrains our understanding of underlying ecological drivers. This study constructs an integrative framework that combines temporal autocorrelation (TAC) metrics with explainable machine learning, employing Random Forest and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis. Time series of satellite-derived vegetation indices from MODIS (2001–2023), particularly the kernel Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (KNDVI), support the generation of TAC and its trend-based derivative δTAC. The framework assesses ecosystem resilience across seven representative grassland types in Xinjiang, capturing diverse responses to climate variability and vegetation dynamics. Results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity: resilience declines in radiation-stressed arid zones, while hydrothermally stable regions maintain stronger recovery capacity. Key drivers include temperature variability and vegetation dynamics, with divergent effects among grassland types. Meadow and Typical Steppe exhibit higher resilience under stable hydrothermal regimes, whereas desert and alpine systems show greater sensitivity to warming and climatic fluctuations. This framework enhances diagnostic transparency and ecological insight, offering a spatially explicit, data-driven tool for resilience monitoring. The findings support the formulation of targeted adaptation strategies and sustainable grassland management in response to ongoing climate change. © 2025 by the authors.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105010451306,

title = {Desertification dynamics in the Tarim Basin during 1990–2020},

author = { Y.U. Xiang and L. Jiaqiang and X. Gao and S. Lingxiao and L.Y.U. Zhentao and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010451306?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.regsus.2025.100226},

issn = {20970129},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Regional Sustainability},

volume = {6},

number = {3},

publisher = {KeAi Communications Co.},

abstract = {Desertification poses a significant ecological threat to global sustainability, notably within arid regions such as the Tarim Basin surrounding the extensive Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China. This study used the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and Random Forest (RF) to analyze multi-temporal Landsat images to reveal desertification dynamics in the Tarim Basin spanning from 1990 to 2020. The results showed that land use types of the Tarim Basin were classified into three types: artificial oases, natural oases, and desertified land. To robustly quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use, we introduced the Desertification Change Index (DCI), a novel metric specifically designed to measure the transformation sensitivity of land use types. Our analysis demonstrated that from 1990 to 2020, artificial oases showed a continuous increasing trend, while desertified land decreased significantly. Natural oases decreased during 1990–2000, then continued to grow, and showed a decreasing trend again after 2015. Moreover, natural oases have mainly been converted into desertified land and artificial oases. Artificial oases were mainly converted into natural oases, and most of desertified land was converted into natural oases. Regions with significant oasis expansion (DCI=2) were mostly concentrated within the influence radius of artificial oases. In contrast, regions with significant oasis degradation (DCI= –2) were generally farther from artificial oases. Finally, this study found that the changes in land use types of the Tarim Basin are mainly driven by human activities, which play a dual role—mitigating desertification by controlling oasis expansion and exacerbating desertification through unsustainable resource utilization. Ultimately, this research provides essential insights for policy-makers and land managers aiming to devise adaptive and sustainable desertification control measures in the Tarim Basin and similarly arid regions globally. © 2025 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105015675780,

title = {Corrigendum to “Tree rings indicate hazards related to a waterside landslide in the Northern Apennines, Italy–A preliminary step towards forecasting landslides and related tsunami” (Dendrochronologia, (2025), 92, C, (126379), (S1125786525000931), 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126379)},

author = { I. Malik and M. Maerker and M. Wistuba and E. Gorczyca and P. Torrese and M. La Licata and Ya. Yu and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and A.M. Bieniasz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105015675780?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126403},

issn = {11257865},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Dendrochronologia},

volume = {94},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {There is a change in affiliation; Michael Marker is also affiliated to: Working Group on Soil Erosion and Feedbacks, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany After adding the second affiliation to Michael Maerker it will be: Ireneusz Malika, Michael Maerkera,b,c, Małgorzata Wistubaa, Elżbieta Gorczycaa,d, Patrizio Torresea,b, Manuel La Licataa,b, Yang Yua,e, Beata Woskowicz-Ślęzaka,b, Anna Bieniasza a - Polish-Chinese Centre for Environmental Research, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 60 Będzińska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland b - Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy. c - Working Group on Soil Erosion and Feedbacks, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany d - Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland e - State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2025 Elsevier GmbH.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105011642792,

title = {The Response of NDVI to Climate Change in the Lowest and Hottest Basin in China},

author = { Ch. Li and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and J. He and H. Zhang and Yu. Lu and Z. Guo and Li. Zhang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011642792?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.3390/atmos16070778},

issn = {20734433},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Atmosphere},

volume = {16},

number = {7},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {The response mechanisms of vegetation dynamics to climate change in arid regions, particularly under extreme low-altitude and high-temperature environments, remain unclear. Focusing on China’s lowest and hottest Turpan-Hami Basin, this study investigates the spatiotemporal evolution of vegetation cover (using MODIS NDVI) and its response to temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration (PET) based on data from 2001 to 2020. Theil–Sen trend analysis, the Mann–Kendall test, and Pearson correlation were employed. Key findings include the following: (1) NDVI exhibited a significant increasing trend, with the largest rise in winter and peak values in summer. Spatially, high NDVI was concentrated in oasis and mountainous forest-grassland zones, while low values prevailed in desert Gobi regions; 34.2% of the area showed significant improvement, though localized degradation occurred. (2) Temperature showed no significant overall correlation with NDVI, except for strong positive correlations in limited high-altitude cold zones (2.9%). Precipitation had minimal influence (no correlation in 75.4% of the area), with localized positive responses in northwestern foothills linked to runoff. PET exhibited positive correlations (weak or strong) with NDVI across nearly half of the region (46.8%), predominantly in oasis-desert and piedmont transition zones. (3) Human activities, notably irrigation and shelterbelt projects, are key drivers of oasis vegetation restoration. Critically, the positive PET-NDVI correlation challenges the conventional paradigm viewing evapotranspiration solely as water stress. This study elucidates the compound responses of vegetation dynamics to climatic and anthropogenic factors in a low-altitude arid region, providing a scientific basis for ecological restoration and water resource management optimization. © 2025 by the authors.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105026694713,

title = {Quantifying desertification control efficiency in a hyper-arid region: Spatiotemporal dynamics and policy synergies in Hotan Prefecture of China during 2005–2023},

author = { L. Sun and Ch. Li and Ya. Yu and J. He and Me. Yang and Q. Wang and X. Liang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105026694713?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.regsus.2025.100275},

issn = {20970129},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Regional Sustainability},

volume = {6},

number = {6},

publisher = {KeAi Communications Co.},

abstract = {Desertification poses severe threats to socio-ecological resilience in arid regions, yet systematic quantification of desertification control efficiency remains limited. This study addressed this gap by developing an integrated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Malmquist index to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of desertification control efficiency in Hotan Prefecture (a hyper-arid region) of China from 2005 to 2023. To achieve this goal, we analyzed 5 indices spanning the total factor productivity, technical change, efficiency change, pure efficiency change, and scale efficiency change across 7 counties and 1 city in Hotan Prefecture. Results revealed that the growth rate of the total factor productivity is 12.0%, which is driven primarily by technical change and management optimization. However, significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity emerged. Temporally, rapid early gains during 2005–2010, with the total factor productivity value of 1.372, were dominated by technological progress, where technical change reached 1.291, while scale efficiency change helped sustain progress between 2010 and 2015. A recent decline in the total factor productivity to 0.987 during 2015–2023 underscored the risks associated with technological stagnation. Spatially, Qira County achieved the highest growth rate of the total factor productivity at 33.7% through dual advances in technology and management, which stands in sharp contrast to Moyu County's stagnation, where the total factor productivity reached only 1.029, reflecting the minimal growth rate of 2.9%. Furthermore, scale expansion change proved beneficial in Pishan County but counterproductive in Qira County. Based on these findings, this study proposes targeted policy recommendations to enhance desertification control efficiency in hyper-arid regions like Hotan Prefecture. It emphasizes the importance of continuous technological innovation, particularly water-saving and adaptive techniques to counteract declining productivity. Differentiated spatial strategies are essential, with tailored interventions for high-risk northern areas and scaling successful models from higher-efficiency southern zones. Optimizing project scale based on ecological carrying capacity rather than uncontrolled expansion is urged, along with strengthening cross-regional water resource coordination. Finally, establishing a data-driven monitoring and decision-support system could enable dynamic efficiency evaluations and evidence-based policy planning. This study provides a critical methodological framework for systematically quantifying desertification control efficiency in hyper-arid regions, establishing an empirical foundation for targeted ecological governance. © 2025},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105009146132,

title = {Structure and Regeneration Differentiation of Coniferous Stand Groups in Representative Altay Montane Forests: Demographic Evidence from Dominant Boreal Conifers},

author = { H. Zhang and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and Ch. Li and J. He and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105009146132?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.3390/f16060885},

issn = {19994907},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Forests},

volume = {16},

number = {6},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {With the intensification of global climate change and human activities, coniferous species as the main components of natural forests in the Altay Mountains are facing the challenges of aging and regeneration. This study systematically analyzed structural heterogeneity and regeneration of three coniferous stand groups, Larix sibirica Ledeb. stand group, Abies sibirica Ledeb.-Picea obovata Ledeb.-Larix sibirica mixed stand group, and Picea obovata stand group, respectively, across western, central, and eastern forest areas of the Altay Mountains in Northwest China based on field surveys in 2023. Methodologically, we integrated Kruskal–Wallis/Dunn’s post hoc tests, nonlinear power-law modeling (diameter at breast height (DBH)–age relationships; validated via R2; root mean square error (RMSE); and F-tests), static life tables (age class mortality and survival curves), and dynamic indices. Key findings revealed structural divergence: the L. sibirica stand group exhibited dominance of large-diameter trees (>30 cm DBH) with sparse seedlings/saplings and limited regeneration; the mixed stand group was dominated by small DBH individuals (<10 cm), showing young age structures and vigorous regeneration; while the P. obovata stand group displayed uniform DBH/height distributions and slow regeneration capacity. Radial growth rates differed significantly—highest in the mixed stand group (average of 0.315 cm/a), intermediate in the P. obovata stand group (0.216 cm/a), and lowest in the L. sibirica stand group (0.180 cm/a). Age–density trends varied among stand groups: unimodal in the L. sibirica and P. obovata stand groups while declining in the mixed stand group. All stand groups followed a Deevey-II survival curve (constant mortality across ages). The mixed stand group showed the highest growth potential but maximum disturbance risk, the L. sibirica stand group exhibited complex variation with lowest risk probability, while the P. obovata stand group had weaker adaptive capacity. These results underscore the need for differentiated management: promoting L. sibirica regeneration via gap-based interventions, enhancing disturbance resistance in the mixed stand group through structural diversification, and prioritizing P. obovata conservation to maintain ecosystem stability. This multi-method framework bridges stand-scale heterogeneity with demographic mechanisms, offering actionable insights for climate-resilient forestry. © 2025 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105008960998,

title = {Adaptive Analysis of Ecosystem Stability in China to Soil Moisture Variations: A Perspective Based on Climate Zoning and Land Use Types},

author = { Yu. Lu and Ya. Yu and X. Ding and L. Sun and Ch. Li and J. He and Z. Guo and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105008960998?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.3390/rs17121971},

issn = {20724292},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Remote Sensing},

volume = {17},

number = {12},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {In this study, we investigate the impact of soil moisture at varying depths on the stability of Chinese ecosystems, with ecosystem stability assessed using the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). A multi-perspective analysis is conducted across different climatic zones and land cover types. Sen’s Slope Estimation and the Mann–Kendall trend test, combined with linear regression and correlation analyses, are employed to analyze the long-term trends of EVI and GPP in different climatic zones and land cover types and to assess the effects of soil moisture changes on ecosystem stability. The research reveals the following findings: (1) On a national scale, both EVI and GPP exhibit positive growth trends, with more significant increases in humid areas and relatively slower growth in arid areas. In addition, EVI and GPP of different land cover types exhibit positive inter-annual variation trends, reflecting a gradual enhancement in ecosystem productivity. (2) Cluster analysis shows that EVI has strong spatial correlation, with a distribution pattern of low–low (L-L) clusters in the north and high–high (H-H) clusters in the south. L-H clusters are concentrated in the Huaihai, Southwest Rivers, and Pearl River basins, while H-L clusters are scattered along the eastern coast. The spatial correlation of GPP is mainly concentrated in the south and the northeast, with a distribution pattern of L-L in the northeast, L-H in the Yangtze River basin, and H-H in the south. H-L clusters are dispersed in the downstream area of the Yangtze River. Both EVI and GPP show a tendency for high-value aggregation in space, with high-value areas of EVI located in the south and low-value areas in the central and western regions. High-value areas of GPP are in the south, while low-value areas are in the northeast, particularly in the Yangtze River Delta. (3) The correlation between EVI, GPP, and soil moisture varies significantly across different climatic regions. Arid and semi-humid regions show significant correlations between specific soil moisture depths and EVI and GPP, while such correlations are not significant in humid regions. The EVI and GPP values of croplands and grasslands are significantly and negatively correlated with soil moisture at depths of 150–200 cm (SM4). Conversely, wetland GPP values increase significantly with increasing soil moisture. Other vegetation types do not show significant correlations with soil moisture. The results of this study provide an important basis for understanding the impact of climate change on ecosystem stability and offer scientific guidance for ecological protection and water resource management. © 2025 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85208638496,

title = {Land Use Legacy Landforms at the UNESCO Heritage Site Tarnowskie Góry, Upper Silesia, Poland—Stratigraphy, Soils and Age},

author = { A. Bonhage and T. Raab and A. Raab and A. Schneider and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and W.B. Verschoof-van der Vaart},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85208638496?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1002/gea.22028},

issn = {08836353},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Geoarchaeology},

volume = {40},

number = {1},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},

abstract = {Metallurgy in Upper Silesia (Poland) has a long tradition of international significance, which was emphasized in 2017 when the historic silver mine in Tarnowskie Góry was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The area consists of various anthropogenic landforms, the stratigraphy of which has hardly been studied so far. In this study, we describe five main morphological units: Unit I (RCH) and Unit II (RCH pit), resulting from charcoal production; Unit III (shaft) and Unit IV (shaft heap), resulting from mining; and Unit V (reference forest soil). The first four units are a variation of a Technosol with inherently different properties from the reference forest soil. Unit I exhibits typical properties of a relict charcoal hearth (RCH), whereas Unit II resembles a pit. Unit III consists of a mostly infilled mining shaft remain (MSR), characterized by relocated subsoil. Unit IV consists of material from the adjacent Unit III that has been dumped directly aside. The studied RCH was used no earlier than during the second half of the 17th century, probably between 1725 and 1813. The studied MSR was used most likely between the 3rd and 5th centuries, which is much older than described so far. Together, the units reflect the characteristic heterogeneity of soils in shaft mining and RCH areas. © 2024 The Author(s). Geoarchaeology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105008888370,

title = {Tree rings indicate hazards related to a waterside landslide in the Northern Apennines, Italy – A preliminary step towards forecasting landslides and related tsunami},

author = { I. Malik and M. Maerker and M. Wistuba and E. Gorczyca and P. Torrese and M. La Licata and Ya. Yu and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and A.M. Bieniasz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105008888370?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126379},

issn = {11257865},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Dendrochronologia},

volume = {92},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {We analysed landslide activity on a slope above the Lago di Trebecco reservoir (Northern Apennines; Italy) and indicated a hazard of future destructive landslide reactivation. We used dendrochronology in a variant of eccentric growth analysis to indicate the hazard of sudden slope failure, which could reach the water reservoir and form a tsunami. We use the previous pattern of eccentric growth of trees, found in the case of two landslides reactivated in a landslide catastrophe in Poland in 2010. Before the disaster, trees formed a specific eccentric growth pattern which preceded and can predict landslide catastrophe (sudden slope failure). This pattern was compared to trees growing on the Lago di Trebecco landslide to estimate the hazard of future destructive landslide occurrence. Trees sampled on the landslide above the Lago di Trebecco have recorded a gradual increase in activity over the last few decades. This means the landslide has become increasingly active. On the other hand, in the last two years, a significant decrease in landslide activity has been recorded on the Lago di Trebecco landslide; activity of landslides located in Poland increased significantly two years before the landslide catastrophe in 2010. This means no dendrochronological records indicate that the Lago di Trebecco landslide will be triggered in a short time, but the landslide should be monitored because of the increasing activity over the past decades. Dendrochronology can be a useful indicator for the hazard of a landslide catastrophe (sudden slope failure), which can enter lakes and induce tsunamis. © 2025 Elsevier GmbH},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105024626755,

title = {Assessment of Landslide Activity and Hazard Recorded in Tree Rings—Examples from the High-Risk Vernazza Catchment (Liguria, Italy)},

author = { I. Malik and M. Maerker and M. Wistuba and E. Gorczyca and P. Torrese and P. Niyokwiringirwa and Ya. Yu and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and A.M. Bieniasz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105024626755?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.3390/s25237304},

issn = {14248220},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Sensors},

volume = {25},

number = {23},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Highlights: What are the main findings? For two landslides in one catchment, dominant landslide events occurred in different years, but the general trend of landslide activity is the same. There is no high risk of sudden triggering of the studied landslides. What are the implications of the main findings? Information on landslide activity and hazard should be generalised with caution, even within a single catchment. Dendrochronology allow to estimate landslide activity and hazard. In the Vernazza catchment located in Italian Liguria, we studied the activity and hazard of two deep-seated landslides using tree rings. Knowledge of the deep-seated landslide movements in terms of their temporal activation is still scarce in the Vernazza catchment, as well as in similar catchments. To determine the hazard of the studied landslides, we compared the landslide activity for landslides under study with landslides from Poland that activated in 2010. Within the two studied Italian landslides, increased landslide activity occurred at similar times, but the dominant episodes occurred in different years. It means that the information on landslide activity and hazard should be generalised with caution, even within a single catchment. The studied deep-seated landslide activity was significantly higher after the landslide catastrophe in 2011, when many shallow landslides were activated in the studied catchment. The increase in landslide activity in 2011 was accompanied by a substantial transformation of the catchment’s relief. These changes may have resulted in a loss of stability of deep-seated landslides. The landslide activity recorded by trees did not show an increase, unlike what was reported for the Polish landslides. This indicates that there is no high risk of sudden triggering of the studied landslides. © 2025 by the authors.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105014928306,

title = {Vulnerability assessment of Social-Ecological systems in arid Regions: A Cross-Efficiency modified DEA model with entropy weight aggregation},

author = { L. Sun and Ya. Yu and J. He and Ch. Li and X. Yu and Li. Zhang and Yu. Lu and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014928306?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114149},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {179},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Arid social-ecological systems (SES) face escalating vulnerability from climate change and anthropogenic pressures, thus necessitating robust assessment frameworks for targeted governance. To address this need, this study extracted a typical hyper-arid area of the Tarim Basin, the Hotan Prefecture, as the research area and developed an integrated methodology combining an enhanced Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model and a Pressure-State-Response (PSR) indicator framework. Specifically, the DEA model was modified through cross-efficiency evaluation and entropy weight aggregation, thereby resolving traditional DEA ranking paradoxes while enabling objective, data-driven assessments. Crucially, the results revealed profound spatial-structural imbalances within the SES, as the social system (SS) exhibited significantly higher vulnerability than the ecological system (ES), contributing 68.6% of total variance. Furthermore, spatiotemporal analysis (2005–2023) indicated fluctuating but marginally declining regional vulnerability, albeit with heightened instability in the east. Regarding key drivers, pressures propelling SS vulnerability included low income, unemployment, and population crowding. ES pressures stemmed primarily from industrial emissions, inadequate wastewater treatment, and fertilizer overuse, with concentrations in northern industrial/agricultural belts. Significant SS deficiencies involved urbanization lag and income deficits, whereas agricultural resilience was observed. For ES, deficiencies centered on severe vegetation cover shortages in northern deserts, where afforestation was constrained by low precipitation and soil organic matter. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the dominance of socioeconomic drivers in arid SES vulnerability and underscore the necessity for spatially targeted governance. Key priorities therefore include: livelihood diversification, equitable economic development, ecological restoration in fragile northern corridors, and enhanced institutional capacity. Finally, future research should advance dynamic simulation, multi-scale integration, and policy coordination to effectively bridge vulnerability diagnosis with comprehensive governance. © 2025 The Author(s)},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105010681276,

title = {Evaluation of ecological drought in northwest China by integrating ecological water budget and vegetation status},

author = { Z. Guo and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and Ch. Li and J. He and Li. Zhang and X. Ding and J. Guo and Yu. Lu and W. Wang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010681276?origin=resultslist},

doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126588},

issn = {03014797},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},

volume = {391},

publisher = {Academic Press},

abstract = {Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of drought events, posing profound threats to ecosystems. Ecological drought is a multifaceted process in terrestrial ecosystems, characterized by the impairment of vegetation eco-physiological functions due to water stress. However, current ecological drought assessments primarily focus on ecological water supply and demand, often overlooking the status of vegetation growth. To address this gap, we developed a standardized composite ecological drought index (SCEDI) that integrates precipitation (Pre), ecological water deficit (EWD), and the vegetation health index (VHI) using a Euclidean distance-based approach. We further analyzed spatiotemporal dynamics of ecological drought and its characteristics, utilizing run theory and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) methods. Results showed that ecological drought intensified in spring (SCEDI change: −0.002) and winter (−0.013), but weakened in summer (0.006) and autumn (0.002). The first EOF mode explained 30.51 % of the total variance, indicating a reversal in wet–dry patterns between mountainous regions and oases around 2002. Over the past 34 years, Xinjiang has experienced more than 19 ecological drought events, each with an average duration of approximately 3.11 months. Regionally, droughts in mountainous areas occurred more frequently but were shorter and less intense, while in oasis areas they were less frequent but more persistent and severe. Furthermore, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis identified EWD (SHAP value: 0.265) and precipitation (0.176) as the most influential drivers of ecological drought. Higher values of both factors were positively associated with ecological drought severity, while lower values had a mitigating effect. This study highlights the potential of SCEDI in accurately capturing ecological drought dynamics and provides a scientific basis for ecological risk assessment and adaptive drought management in arid regions. © 2025 The Authors},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-105006998915,

title = {The Crisis in Oases: Research on Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Regions},

author = { Ya. Chen and G. Fang and Zh. Li and Xu. Zhang and L. Gao and A. Elbeltagi and H.E. Shaer and W. Duan and O.M. Abdou Wassif and Yu. Li and P. Luo and A. Selmi and R. Yu and J. Yang and Y. Hu and Ch. Liu and Y. Long and I. Malik and A. Fu and M. Wistuba and Y. Yang and C. Zhu and Y. Gao},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105006998915&doi=10.1146%2fannurev-environ-111522-105932&partnerID=40&md5=6b95f3ae8f4fb46b22e649e31b85003e},

doi = {10.1146/annurev-environ-111522-105932},

issn = {15435938},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},

volume = {49},

number = {1},

pages = {1-20},

publisher = {Annual Reviews Inc.},

abstract = {Arid areas cover approximately 41% of Earth’s land surface and support more than 38% of the global population. As an important part of drylands, oases are the main carriers of human production, socioeconomic activity, and the ecological environment. Oases typically sustain nearly all of an arid region’s human population and produce nearly 95% of its gross domestic product. The ongoing intensification of global warming and human activities has resulted in water stress and water-related environmental problems in arid areas, along with land degradation and desertification. The risk of water shortage and natural disasters in these regions has also increased. The solution to mitigate these environmental issues and achieve ecological security and sustainable socioeconomic development is to accelerate the modernization of oasis ecological agriculture. This can be accomplished by coordinating the contradictions between agricultural, industrial, and domestic water use and ecological water use in arid areas, thereby improving the level of management in oases and strengthening their ability to cope with climate change. Copyright © 2024 by the author(s).},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85194875708,

title = {Spatiotemporal variations of ecosystem services in the Aral Sea basin under different CMIP6 projections},

author = { J. He and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and Ch. Li and H. Zhang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194875708&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-024-62802-9&partnerID=40&md5=e4120fb59f9276e396d33b8b4cc5feb4},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-62802-9},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Research},

abstract = {The Aral Sea, located in Central Asia, has undergone significant reduction in surface area owing to the combined impacts of climate change and human activities. This reduction has led to a regional ecological crisis and profound repercussions on ecosystem services. Investigating the spatiotemporal variations and synergistic trade-offs of ESs in the Aral Sea basin is crucial for fostering the integrated development of the region’s socioeconomic ecology. This study utilizes the Future Land-Use Simulation and InVEST models to analyze future land-use scenarios, integrating CMIP6 projections to assess the quality of four key ecosystem services: water production, soil conservation, carbon storage, and habitat quality over two timeframes: the historical period (1995–2020) and the projected future (2021–2100). Employing Spearman correlation, the study explores the trade-offs and synergies among these ecosystem services. Findings reveal that the primary forms of land-use change in the Aral Sea basin are the reduction in water area (− 49.59%) and the rapid expansion of urban areas (+ 504.65%). Temporally, habitat quality exhibits a declining trend, while carbon storage shows an increasing trend, and water production and soil retention fluctuate initially decreasing and then increasing. Spatially, water production and carbon storage demonstrate an increasing trend from the northwest to the southeast. Habitat quality exhibits a higher spatial pattern in the southeast and south, contrasting with lower spatial patterns in the north and west. Low-level soil conservation is predominantly distributed in the northwest, while medium to low-level soil conservation is prevalent in the east of the basin. The trade-off and synergy analysis indicates that between 1995 and 2020, a trade-off relationship existed between carbon storage and habitat quality and water production, whereas synergies were observed between soil conservation and carbon storage, water production and habitat quality, and soil conservation. The correlation between water production and soil conservation emerges as the strongest, whereas the correlation between carbon storage and habitat quality appears to be the weakest. The dynamic spatiotemporal changes, trade-offs, and collaborative relationships of ESs constitute major aspects of ecosystem service research, holding substantial implications for the effective management of the regional ecological environment. © The Author(s) 2024.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85189503293,

title = {Indicating landslide hazard from tree rings – Ecosystem service provided by an alder forest in the hengduan Mts, Sichuan, China},

author = { M. Wistuba and I. Malik and Y. Tie and E. Gorczyca and Xia. Zhang and Jia. Wang and T. Lu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85189503293&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecoser.2024.101619&partnerID=40&md5=8769c5f0d0484dac114cd2d7c8e28caf},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2024.101619},

issn = {22120416},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Ecosystem Services},

volume = {67},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Landslides are destructive geomorphological processes that cause economic and social losses. This stimulates the development of new tools related to landslide hazard. Recently, trees, their growth rings and dendrochronology have become widely used in landslide studies. Thus, this study aims to explore the potential of trees in providing landslide-monitoring ecosystem services through dendrochronology. In our opinion, establishing such an idea would help promote empirical evidence on the efficiency of tree-ring-based tools to decision-makers. We use the example of a landslide in the Moxi basin, Sichuan, China and present results of dendrochronological analysis of growth eccentricity in 48 Nepalese alder (Alnus nepalensis) trees. This analysis provided data on event timing and magnitudes, average frequency and recurrence interval for reactivation of the study landslide, as well as spatial variability of landslide active. Based on dendrochronological data we were also able to determine the current slope balance and general hazard of landslide reactivation on the study slope. Our study shows that trees and dendrochronology can provide data on the activity of landslides that can complement and improve the results of standard engineering methods. Moreover, dendrochronology itself can provide the full information needed for landslide hazard assessment, monitoring and prediction. © 2024},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85216115055,

title = {Development characteristics and temporal-spatial distribution of geological hazards in Liangshan Prefecture; [凉山州地质灾害发育特征与时空分布规律]},

author = { W. Xu and Y. Tie and Xu. Zheng and W. Yin and X. Fu and W. Ou and Y. Bai and I. Malik and M. Wistuba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216115055&doi=10.19826%2fj.cnki.1009-3850.2023.11002&partnerID=40&md5=862e2b046237078a943037b34c4b4cda},

doi = {10.19826/j.cnki.1009-3850.2023.11002},

issn = {10093850},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology},

volume = {44},

number = {3},

pages = {478-492},

publisher = {The Editorial Staff of Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology},

abstract = {Liangshan Prefecture is located in the northeastern margin of the Hengduan Mountain system and in the southern section of the Sichuan-Yunnan tectonic belt. Due to active structure, landforms, river cutting, etc., there are 4 016 occurrences of geological disasters in Liangshan Prefecture, mainly small and medium-sized soil landslides, and small and medium-sized gully debris flows. Liangshan Prefecture is a high-risk area of geological disaster in Sichuan Province. This paper uses data collection, mathematical statistics, ArcGIS software analysis, and other methods to analyze and find that, according to the analysis of administrative region, Dechang County has the highest number of geological disaster developments, with a total of 387 occurrences. Ningnan County has the highest density of disasters development, with 17.7 sites per 100 km2. According to the analysis of river basins, the number of geological disasters in the Anning River Basin is the largest, reaching 779. The Meigu River Basin has the highest density of hazard development, with 11.18 places per 100 km2. In this paper, the spatial distribution of geological hazards of different disaster types is analyzed with disaster development density as the index. For landslides, 4 extremely high-density areas and 15 high-density areas are classified. The development of landslide is mainly controlled by active structures and slippery strata (such as red beds; Xigeda formation; etc.). For collapses, 2 extremely high-density areas and 5 high density areas are classified. The collapses are distributed along valleys and tributary channels in a zonal pattern, greatly influenced by slope cutting activities related to hydropower reservoir development and highway construction. For debris flows, 2 extremely high-density areas and 10 high-density areas are classified. The development of debris flows is greatly impacted by structural fractures, landforms and human engineering activities. The research results can provide data support and scientific references for disaster prevention and mitigation in Liangshan Prefecture. © 2024 The Editorial Staff of Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology. All rights reserved.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85192679147,

title = {Divergent patterns of landslide activity and triggering factors at a local scale of a single mountain massif (Island Beskid Mts., Western Carpathians, Poland)},

author = { M. Wistuba and E. Gorczyca and I. Malik and R. Yu and A. Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192679147&doi=10.1016%2fj.enggeo.2024.107531&partnerID=40&md5=a071936bc3fbbd417f6177af399dd506},

doi = {10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107531},

issn = {00137952},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Engineering Geology},

volume = {335},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Landslide protection and mitigation are critical issues in many regions worldwide, where lives and livelihoods depend on correctly determining landslide hazards. However, local differences in the response of landslide slopes to meteorological or seismic triggering factors can decrease the performance of landslide models and forecasts. Thus, recognising and understanding spatial patterns of landslide activity at a local scale should be one of the priorities of landslide research. In this study, we analyse the activity and triggering factors of two landslides in one mountain massif, <2 km apart, in the Western Carpathians, Poland. We analysed 61-year-long (1959–2019) records of the activity of study landslides, i.e. dendrochronological reconstruction based on ring eccentricity and compression wood dated in 65 specimens of European silver fir (Abies alba). We compared the dendrochronological proxy of landslide activity at two study slopes with precipitation and earthquakes in the study area. Based on statistical correlations with 560 precipitation indicators, we found that the similarities between the two study landslides include only the direct triggers in June–July and March. The Wiśnia landslide, unlike Hajdowska, can also be triggered by precipitation in October. However, the main difference between the study landslides lies in the preparatory precipitation. Hajdowska shows significant dependence from precipitation of the previous December and current February, while at the Wiśnia study site, the preparatory precipitation is less important and covers the previous October–November and current January. Our results show that although study landslides could be reactivated at one time by similar direct triggers of spring or summer, such simultaneous reactivation would require preconditions of antecedent precipitation of the previous winter half-year (October–March) different for each landslide. Suppose, the requirements of antecedent precipitation are fulfilled only for one of the landslides during the winter half-year. In that case, the other will remain inactive despite the later occurrence of a shared direct trigger in spring or summer. The example of Hajdowska and Wiśnia shows that significant differences in landslide activity, hazard and triggering factors can exist even at the local scale. We argue that omitting even such subtle, unevident differences in the conditions of landslide activity leads to errors in landslide modelling and forecasting. For example, linking Hajdowska and Wiśnia landslides with one precipitation threshold or model of slope instability based on their adjacent location would not be effective in predicting reactivations. The precision of landslide modelling and forecasting depends on the accuracy of preceding analyses of landslide activity and triggering factors. We argue that in the case of the two adjacent landslides studied the divergent patterns of their activity and triggers would not be revealed without analysing long-term (> 60 years long) data sets. © 2023},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85205995521,

title = {Impact of the geological structure on the development of anthropogenic-karstic reservoirs diverse hydrologically and hydrochemically},

author = { T. Molenda and I. Malik and J. Kidawa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85205995521&doi=10.24425%2fjwld.2024.150276&partnerID=40&md5=02283b129b9354ec04ae3c1ccc7f4a24},

doi = {10.24425/jwld.2024.150276},

issn = {14297426},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Water and Land Development},

number = {62},

pages = {10-16},

publisher = {Polish Academy of Sciences Publishing House},

abstract = {The deep exploitation of mineral deposits is carried out in many areas around the world. However, one of its negative consequences is surface deformations. These may be discontinuous deformations (sinkholes) or continuous deformations (subsidence basins). Under specific hydrogeological conditions, these forms are inundated, and thus anthropogenic reservoirs are formed. In some post-mining areas, the number of such reservoirs is so large that they are referred to as “anthropogenic lake districts”. Depending on the geological structure of the deposit and the mining technique, these reservoirs may have different morphometric parameters. Moreover, they may show various hydrological conditions and physicochemical properties of their waters. The article describes a unique group of anthropogenic water reservoirs created due to the flooding of deep salt mines on the Solotvyno mining field. Although small in terms of the area, it includes a group of anthropogenic water reservoirs highly diverse in terms of their genetics, hydrology and hydrochemistry. Some of them represent a unique type of meromictic reservoirs. This research shows the direction in which water conditions may change in other mining areas with significant surface deformation across the globe. © 2024. The Authors. Published by Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) and Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute (ITP – PIB).},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85202363327,

title = {Dryland Social-Ecological Systems in Central Asia},

author = { Xi. Chen and X. Cui and L. Sun and Ya. Yu and H. Zhang and T. Liu and G. Luo and Z. Hu and Yu. Huang and I. Malik and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85202363327&doi=10.1007%2f978-981-99-9375-8_7&partnerID=40&md5=e6a60e5d7e9617f3e225fd7b140b546e},

doi = {10.1007/978-981-99-9375-8_7},

isbn = {978-981999375-8; 978-981999374-1},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Dryland Social-Ecological Systems in Changing Environments},

pages = {203-241},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {The countries of Central Asia are collectively known as Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. Central Asian countries have experienced significant warming in the last century as a result of global changes and human activities. Specifically, the five Central Asian countries’ populations and economies have increased, with Turkmenistan showing the fastest growth rates in GDP and per capita GDP. Farmland change, forestry activities, and grazing are exam-ples of land use/land cover change and land management in Central Asia. Land degra-dation was primarily caused by rangeland degradation, desertification, deforestation, and farmland abandonment. The raised temperature, accelerated melting of glaciers, and deteriorated water resource stability resulted in an increase in the frequency and severity of floods, droughts, and other disasters. The increase of precipitation cannot compensate for the aggravation of water shortage caused by temperature rise in Central Asia. The ecosystem net primary productivity was decreasing over the past years, and the organic carbon pool in the drylands of Central Asia was seri-ously threatened by climate change. Grassland contributed the most to the increase of ecosystem service values in recent years. Most ecosystem functions decreased between 1995 and 2015, while they are expected to increase in the future (except for water regulation and cultural service/tourism). Global climate change does pose a clear threat to the ecological diversity of Central Asia. © The Editor(s)(if applicable) and The Author(s)2024.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85183197407,

title = {Spatiotemporal Changes in and Driving Factors of Potential Evapotranspiration in a Hyper-Arid Locale in the Hami Region, China},

author = { Yu. Lu and L. Sun and Ch. Li and J. He and Z. Guo and Li. Duan and J. Zhang and E.B. Łupikasza and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and Ya. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85183197407&doi=10.3390%2fatmos15010136&partnerID=40&md5=ecb53d3e83ab408b66a789f561e3264b},

doi = {10.3390/atmos15010136},

issn = {20734433},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Atmosphere},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a crucial variable for implementing adaptation measures to mitigate the potential impacts of climate change on water resources. In the context of global warming, PET is essential for predicting water resource supply and demand, guiding irrigation and water management decisions. However, there is limited understanding of the spatiotemporal changes in PET and its driving factors in the hyper-arid regions of Northwest China. In this study, the Hargreaves model was employed to estimate PET in the Hami region from 1991 to 2020. By combining relevant climate data and partial correlation analysis, we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of PET within the study area and analyzed the factors influencing these patterns. The results showed the following: (1) From 1991 to 2020, the overall PET in the Hami region demonstrated a tendency to rise. The interannual trend rates of PET for the full year, spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 0.933, 2.744, 0.906, 0.488, and −0.406 mm·a-1, respectively. Despite a decreasing trend in winter PET, the other seasonal PET values and the annual PET values exhibited an increasing trend. (2) The spatial distribution of both annual and seasonal PET showed significant regional heterogeneity, following a consistent pattern marked by lower values in the central part and higher values in the surrounding areas. The southern region tended to have relatively high PET, while the northwestern region experienced comparatively low PET. (3) Partial correlation analysis indicated significant differences in the impact of various climatic factors on PET. The maximum temperature emerged as the dominant factor influencing annual PET variation, while precipitation played a leading role in influencing autumn PET variation. This study underscores the influence of climate change on PET in the Hami region, contributing to an enhanced comprehension of PET variations. © 2024 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85177165519,

title = {Adverse effects of air pollution on human health predicted from tree-ring reductions – A conceptualization of a new ecosystem service},

author = { I. Malik and M. Wistuba and L. Sun and J. He and Ch. Li and Y. Yu and R. Yu and K. Łuszczyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177165519&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecoser.2023.101573&partnerID=40&md5=30438b6112b9d6034a7b76424ee149d9},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101573},

issn = {22120416},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Ecosystem Services},

volume = {64},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Air pollution adversely affects human health, while trees, conifers in particular, growing in areas affected by air pollution, immediately register pollution by developing rings with decreased width. Some diseases in human population, e.g. lung cancer, develop and are diagnosed with a certain delay in relation to the exposure to air pollution, thus, with a certain delay to ring reductions in trees. Therefore, reductions can be recognized as an early indicator that alerts about forthcoming outbreak of adverse health effects in human population. Based on this phenomenon we propose a new approach and a new methodology for assessing threats to human health and lives resulting from air pollution. In this paper we explain the application of new approach by presenting and describing it step by step. We state that data obtained through the new ecosystem service can be applied for early warning against adverse effects of air pollution on human health. This includes improved prediction of hospitalization patterns and financial costs for the healthcare system. The proposed methodology can be useful for decision makers e.g. local governments, state agencies, private enterprises and other stakeholders interested in controlling local emitters of air pollution and the harmfulness of pollution to human health and lives. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85176605048,

title = {Predicting the Potential Geographical Distribution of Rhodiola L. in China under Climate Change Scenarios},

author = { Me. Yang and L. Sun and Ya. Yu and H. Zhang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176605048&doi=10.3390%2fplants12213735&partnerID=40&md5=6b047ce747db87980e3a402086fa22a8},

doi = {10.3390/plants12213735},

issn = {22237747},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Plants},

volume = {12},

number = {21},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Rhodiola L. has high nutritional and medicinal value. Little is known about the properties of its habitat distribution and the important eco-environmental factors shaping its suitability. Rhodiola coccinea (Royle) Boriss., Rhodiola gelida Schrenk, Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Maxim., and Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey., which are National Grade II Protected Plants, were selected for this research. Based on high-resolution environmental data for the past, current, and future climate scenarios, we modeled the suitable habitat for four species by MaxEnt, evaluated the importance of environmental factors in shaping their distribution, and identified distribution shifts under climate change scenarios. The results indicate that the growth distribution of R. coccinea, R. kirilowii, and R. quadrifida is most affected by bio10 (mean temperature of warmest quarter), bio3 (isothermality), and bio12 (annual precipitation), whereas that of R. gelida is most affected by bio8 (mean temperature of wettest quarter), bio13 (precipitation of wettest month), and bio16 (precipitation of wettest quarter). Under the current climate scenario, R. coccinea and R. quadrifida are primarily distributed in Tibet, eastern Qinghai, Sichuan, northern Yunnan, and southern Gansu in China, and according to the 2070 climate scenario, the suitable habitats for both species are expected to expand. On the other hand, the suitable habitats for R. gelida and R. kirilowii, which are primarily concentrated in southwestern Xinjiang, Tibet, eastern Qinghai, Sichuan, northern Yunnan, and southern Gansu in China, are projected to decrease under the 2070 climate scenario. Given these results, the four species included in our study urgently need to be subjected to targeted observation management to ensure the renewal of Rhodiola communities. In particular, R. gelida and R. kirilowii should be given more attention. This study provides a useful reference with valuable insights for developing effective management and conservation strategies for these four nationally protected plant species. © 2023 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85146167829,

title = {Trees as bioindicators of hillslope degradation by debris flows and dangerous rockfalls along the Lefthand Canyon, Colorado Front Range},

author = { Ł. Pawlik and B. Buma and M. Wistuba and I. Malik and A. Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146167829&doi=10.1002%2fldr.4575&partnerID=40&md5=a467d49dc39e4cb6917e4fc9fc1bed05},

doi = {10.1002/ldr.4575},

issn = {10853278},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Land Degradation and Development},

volume = {34},

number = {6},

pages = {1869-1884},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Trees provide important ecosystem services such as hillslope stabilization from landslides and rockfall protection, and may also be useful indicators of likelihood of those events in the future. Anatomical changes of tree wood are caused by various physical and biological phenomena. There are several geomorphic processes that change tree-ring characteristics, including hillslope movement, and if detectable, these changes may be used as bioindicators of terrain surface stability. This type of proxy data is vital to places that lack systematic monitoring infrastructure. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of a heavy rainfall that happened on 11–13 September 2013 in the Colorado Front Range (CFR), which triggered more than 1300 debris flows. We intensely studied one large debris flow that was triggered in the region and the surrounding trees. We explored potential tree-based records of hillslope instability including compression wood and the method of eccentricity index of tree rings prior to the 2013 event. In addition, the response index was correlated with daily precipitation totals of the previous and current year in a moving window mode. We also evaluated rockfall patterns to explore the frequency and spatial distribution of tree-scar-based records. Our primarily goal was to test the method in dry climate conditions and to reconstruct possible soil instability episodes and rockfalls that led to hillslope degradation and tree mortality. In this study, we aimed to fill a significant knowledge gap on debris flows and rockfalls frequency in a dry montane forest system. We were able to distinguish 5 years of increased response index (>25% of trees recording slope instability): 1955 (30%), 1982 (27%), 2002 (27%), 2006 (31%), and 2009 (26%). A spring and early summer season daily precipitation totals of the previous year and summertime daily precipitation totals of the current year explained part of the response index variability. Significant correlation coefficients were up to 0.27. Almost 30 historical rockfall events were dated but only one coincided with an earthquake. In total 138 scars visible on growing trees were mapped. Some of them were found even 3.1 m above the ground level. We conclude that trees can be effective bioindicators of hillslope instability related to debris flows and rock falling. However, extreme climate events such as heavy rainfall causing a high number of debris flows can be difficult to predict based on the method adopted in the present study. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85178090344,

title = {Development of Chronology for Historical Mining Shaft Remains in the Vicinity of Tarnowskie Góry Based on Radiocarbon, Luminescence and Dendrochronological Dating},

author = { F. Pawełczyk and A. Bolik and B. Błachut and A. Kamińska and M. Opała-Owczarek and I. Malik and M. Wojcik and Z. Zakrzewska and Z. Pawlak and G. Poręba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178090344&doi=10.2478%2fgeochr-2023-0004&partnerID=40&md5=87ce9ee0d920a899a4d41b11b4014194},

doi = {10.2478/geochr-2023-0004},

issn = {17338387},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Geochronometria},

volume = {50},

number = {1},

pages = {81-90},

publisher = {Sciendo},

abstract = {This study focused on determining the age of sediments found in the remains of historical mining in the post-exploitation field in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland. The limited historical sources indicated that lead ore and silver were mined there from the 12th to 20th centuries. The research utilised radiocarbon dating, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and fallout radioisotopes analysis to establish a chronology of the mining remains. Excavations were conducted on three historical mining shafts. In one of them, remains of old construction wood were found. Radiocarbon dating yielded 12 results, with the majority falling within the range of 1435 cal AD to 1645 cal AD. Two results were significantly older and covered the period of the beginnings of the Polish State. OSL dating provided results ranging from 2.5 ka BP to 216 ka BP, a time range much older than that indicated by radiocarbon dates. The OSL ages were found to be greatly overestimated, indicating that the luminescence signal was not reset during the redeposition of sediments. While the obtained results provided a preliminary chronology of the study site, further detailed research, especially regarding the older samples, is necessary to enhance our understanding of the mining history in the area. © 2023 Fatima Pawełczyk et al., published by Sciendo.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85153401010,

title = {Multi-Period Ore Exploitation in Upper Silesia, Central Europe},

author = { I. Malik and M. Bohr and M. Wistuba and T. Raab and A. Bonhage and W.B. Verschoof-van der Vaart and A. Raab and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153401010&doi=10.1080%2f00934690.2023.2200583&partnerID=40&md5=c29d0fce1ce272784e51c7ac05ac9bdc},

doi = {10.1080/00934690.2023.2200583},

issn = {00934690},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Field Archaeology},

volume = {48},

number = {5},

pages = {366-379},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {We studied the abandoned mining field in southern Poland using high-resolution lidar images to distinguish the number of mining shaft remains and their morphological diversity. We identified 13,864 remains of mining shafts of various sizes (2–30 m in diameter) and diverse levels of denudation. This allowed us to select 13 mining shafts for detailed study. The radiocarbon dating of charcoal and peat from the shafts indicate three phases of exploitation in the study area: the Roman and early migration period (2nd century b.c.–6th century a.d.), the Middle Ages (6th–14th century a.d.), and the modern period (15th–17th century a.d.). The data on metal ore exploitation in the European Barbaricum is scarce and, in the study area itself, historical written sources indicate the onset of mining only in the 12th century a.d. Therefore, ore exploitation in the study area during the Roman period and early migration period, as well as in the early Middle Ages, is an unexpected result. © Trustees of Boston University 2023.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85146812257,

title = {Water Resources Evaluation in Arid Areas Based on Agricultural Water Footprint—A Case Study on the Edge of the Taklimakan Desert},

author = { Li. Zhang and Ya. Yu and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and L. Sun and Me. Yang and Q. Wang and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146812257&doi=10.3390%2fatmos14010067&partnerID=40&md5=2f4d1fe8eea15c0307361322d4dbf222},

doi = {10.3390/atmos14010067},

issn = {20734433},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Atmosphere},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Water scarcity is an important factor limiting agricultural development in arid areas. Clarifying and evaluating the current situation of water resources in arid regions is helpful for decision-makers in the rational use of water resources. This study takes a typical arid region located at the edge of Taklamakan Desert-Hotan region as the study area. The water footprint (WF) of the Hotan region was calculated based on 20 years of data information from 2000–2019. An evaluation system was established using four aspects of the WF: structural indicators, efficiency indicators, ecological safety indicators, and sustainability indicators. The results show that the WF of the study area is mainly dominated by blue water consumption, with a proportion of 65.74%. The WF of crop production is larger than that of livestock production. The produced WF of grain crops is the highest of all products with a share of 44.21%. The increase in the local agricultural WF reached 53.18% from 2000 to 2019, but it was still lower than the amount of water available for agriculture. The evaluation results indicated that the region’s WF import dependency is lower than the global level, with an annual average self-sufficiency rate of 91.13% and an increase of 878.95% in the WF economic efficiency index. The agricultural WF produced in Hotan is exported in the form of trade, but the quantitative contribution is small and does little to relieve water stress in other regions. The agricultural water consumption was still within the range of local water resources that could be carried but only 6 years of sustainable water use, and the future development was not optimistic. With the ratio of produced WF to available water resources maintained at about 58%, the local available water resources should be above 43.21 × 108 m3 to initially ensure the sustainable use of water resources. There were 12 drought years in the study period, which are prone to droughts and high disaster levels. The drought-water scarcity systems behaved in three phases: 2000–2011 (uncoordinated level), 2012–2015 (transitional phase), and 2016–2019 (coordinated level). Water scarcity threatened by drought reduced. The occurrence of meteorological droughts was more related to natural factors while the changes in WF were mainly driven by socio-economic elements such as human activities. © 2022 by the authors.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85140487957,

title = {Temporal Variability of Temperature, Precipitation and Drought Indices in Hyper-Arid Region of Northwest China for the Past 60 Years},

author = { J. He and B. Li and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and H. Zhang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140487957&doi=10.3390%2fatmos13101561&partnerID=40&md5=362f1180c8197db1952981133596589d},

doi = {10.3390/atmos13101561},

issn = {20734433},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Atmosphere},

volume = {13},

number = {10},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {The temporal variability and abrupt change analysis of temperature and precipitation in Turpan was investigated and examined based on a monthly data set of temperature, precipitation and drought indices (1960–2019) from three meteorological stations over the study area. The Yamamoto method, Mann–Kendall test, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI), and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) were applied to reveal temperature, precipitation and drought indices trends in their annual volumes. The conclusions were as follows: (1) in the past 60 years, the annual average temperature in the Turpan region has increased at a rate of 0.33 °C·(10a)−1. Whereas the temperature has accelerated since the 1980s, the annual average minimum temperature has increased more than the annual average maximum temperature, and the temperature difference between winter and summer has increased since the 1990s. (2) The inter-annual, inter-decadal and normal value changes in precipitation in the Turpan region and its three meteorological stations indicated a decreasing trend during 1960–2019. Though the normal value of summer and autumn precipitation decreased and increased as a whole, the normal values of spring, summer, winter and annual precipitation in the Turpan region displayed downward trends. (3) Abrupt changes in temperature were observed in the mid-1990s, and abrupt changes in precipitation were not obvious. (4) The SPI and RDI responded quickly to precipitation and temperature, and the overall characteristics of dry and wet trend changes were consistent. When the SPEI considered the combined effect of temperature and precipitation, the SPI and SPEI are better correlated, and the SPI and RDI are better correlated than the SPEI and RDI. On the whole, the occurrence of drought has obvious regional and seasonal characteristics. These conclusions not only provide scientific data for sustainable development in Turpan but also offer scientific information to further understand the trends and periodicity of climate change and drought conditions in hyper-arid regions around the world. © 2022 by the authors.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85131055591,

title = {Spatiotemporal change in the land use and ecosystem service value in the Aral Sea basin (1993–2018)},

author = { J. He and Ya. Yu and L. Sun and H. Zhang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131055591&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-022-21094-0&partnerID=40&md5=78d4f91ff181bd6dbd0fbb052ffce4b7},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-022-21094-0},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {29},

number = {49},

pages = {74416-74427},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {The Aral Sea started shrinking since the 1960s due to natural factors and human activities; however, the relationship between land cover change and ecosystem services (ES) in the Aral Sea basin has not been fully studied. To analyze and explore the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecosystem service values (ESVs) in this region, we used the European Space Agency CCI Global Land Cover product with a spatiotemporal resolution of 300 × 300 m and the annual scale. The land use data of 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 in the study area were extracted; the study area’s ESV in the corresponding years was calculated; and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics were analyzed. Additionally, the change rate and sensitivity were analyzed. The results revealed that the area of urban land, bare land, grassland, wetland, and cropland in the Aral Sea basin increased from 1993 to 2018; water body and forestland decreased. The integrated value of water bodies, cropland, and grassland ES accounted for more than 93.43% of the total ESV; the change rate of land use types differed. Urban land and water changed the fastest; cultivated land, woodland, grassland, and wetland changed the slowest. From 1993 to 2018, the total ESV of the Aral Sea basin decreased from 476.44 to 437.09 billion (overall decrease = −8.26%). The ESV study shows that the water area decreased sharply from 1993 to 2018, resulting in a loss of USD 46.84 billion. Biodiversity, food production, and water regulation were the main ES, accounting for 74.59% of the total ESV. The ESV of the Aral Sea basin declined from 1993 to 2018, and significant differences were observed among its regions. The sensitivity indexes of each period are far less than 1, indicating that the total estimated ecosystem values are inelastic with respect to the ecosystem value coefficients. Some regions should thus focus on this aspect. A close correlation was observed between the ESV and land use. Hence, effective land use policies can control the expansion of cropland; protect water bodies, ecological environments, grassland, and forestland; and promote a more sustainable ecosystem. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85132418560,

title = {Do small landforms have large effects? A review on the legacies of pre-industrial charcoal burning},

author = { T. Raab and A. Raab and A. Bonhage and A. Schneider and F. Hirsch and K. Birkhofer and P.J. Drohan and M. Wilmking and J. Kreyling and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and E. van der Maaten and M. van der Maaten-Theunissen and T. Urich},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132418560&doi=10.1016%2fj.geomorph.2022.108332&partnerID=40&md5=63b90e44c117611f5ae5513b51bb9439},

doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108332},

issn = {0169555X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Geomorphology},

volume = {413},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are small, anthropogenic landforms resulting from past charcoal burning and reaching significant land coverage in pre-industrial mining areas. We review three coupled legacies linked by RCH development: (i) a landscape-scale geomorphic effect, (ii) a unique soil fingerprint, and (iii) an evolving novel ecosystem. The history and technique of charcoal production are described to clarify legacy effects. Applying a recently presented morpho-genetic catalogue is useful for classified mapping of RCH findings. The RCH numbers and calculated RCH densities per study region vary greatly and impose uncertainties due to insufficient methods causing over- or underestimations. Areas with high RCH densities between 50 and 500 RCH/km2 seem reasonable. Machine learning-based remote sensing techniques are promising approaches with which to better assess the full scale of charcoal burning legacies. RCH soil properties feature dark charcoal-rich technogenic substrate layers classified as Auh horizons according to the World Reference Base with significantly increased C contents. These Auh horizons can also exhibit specific physical and chemical properties, such as relatively low bulk density, high porosity, high plant available water content, low thermal conductivity and differences in cation exchange capacity or nutrient status. However, relevant studies are rare, and thus, the effects may differ by study region. Regarding vegetation, there seem to be four main effects: changes in forest structure, species composition, recruitment pattern and productivity. The number of studies on this issue is, however, also very limited. Even fewer studies have examined the soil fauna in RCHs; thus, the reported effects cannot be used to draw general conclusions. Notably, RCH research has made considerable progress in the last five years, especially in the Light Detection and Ranging-based mapping of these small landforms and identification of RCH-specific soil properties, but ecological legacies are not well understood; thus, more interdisciplinary and integrative studies are needed. © 2022 The Authors},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85128463137,

title = {Polyhumous Dystrophic Pit Lakes: Hydrographic and Hydrochemical Characteristics on the Example of Reservoirs in the Włoszczowska Basin, Central Poland},

author = { T. Molenda and B. Kostka and I. Malik and P. Lejwoda and W. Radziejowski and J. Kidawa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85128463137&doi=10.3390%2fen15072681&partnerID=40&md5=57c292b9009a7617b55e0bcdea139d09},

doi = {10.3390/en15072681},

issn = {19961073},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Energies},

volume = {15},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {The article presents the hydrographic and hydrochemical characteristics of post-exploitation reservoirs formed in peat excavations. Two natural bog lakes were selected as the control objects for the study. The research indicated that both the waters of post-exploitation peat reservoirs and natural bog lakes show low electrolytic conductivity (<100 µS/cm) and acidic water reaction (pH < 5.5). The concentration of major cations and anions is also very low. The concentration of calcium and magnesium does not exceed a few mg/L. Hydrochemically, all post-exploitation peat reservoirs are bi-ionic sulphate–calcium (SO42−-Ca2+ ). This distinguishes post-exploitation peat reservoirs from natural bog lakes in which multi-ion waters were found, for example, sulphate–chloride–calcium (SO42−-Cl−-Ca2+ ) and sulphate–calcium–sodium (SO42−-Ca2+-Na+ ). The calculated water humic state index (HSI) allowed the classifying of the examined reservoirs as polyhumous. The value of this index, in all reservoirs, was >50. Based on the calculated hydrochemical dystrophy index (HDI), it was found that all post-exploitation peat reservoirs are dystrophic. So far, no such hydrochemical type has been found in other post-exploitation peat reservoirs. Therefore, the examined objects should be classified as unique post-exploitation peat reservoirs. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85116086070,

title = {Inferring precipitation thresholds of landslide activity from long-term dendrochronological and precipitation data: Case study on the unstable slope at Karpenciny, Poland},

author = { M. Wistuba and E. Gorczyca and I. Malik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116086070&doi=10.1016%2fj.enggeo.2021.106398&partnerID=40&md5=398edd53833b6da4a28138d548eca9fc},

doi = {10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106398},

issn = {00137952},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Engineering Geology},

volume = {294},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {An extended statistical comparison of numerous precipitation parameters (absolute; minimum; and maximum totals; number of days with precipitation; and duration of precipitation in particular months; seasons; and longer periods) and the 48-y long dendrochronological reconstruction of landslide activity was conducted for a generally unmonitored landslide slope at Karpenciny, Western Carpathians, Poland. The Karpenciny landslide is a deep (approximately 40 m) translational landslide consisting of large, poorly fragmented, and almost intact landslide blocks. It is located only 2.4 km from the meteorological gauging station. We aimed to explore the long-term dependence of this landslide on precipitation conditions and reveal the precipitation parameters crucial for its activity, that is, direct triggers and preparatory antecedent precipitation. Therefore, dendrochronological records of tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood in 35 Norway spruce trees were correlated with 520 precipitation parameters (including seasonality; duration; and total), which might influence the activity of the studied landslide. Ten best-correlated precipitation parameters and seasonal sums of summer half-years and preceding winter half-years (separately and in total; i.e. as 12-month sums), were then tested for their potential in establishing precipitation thresholds for landslide activity. The analysis of multiple precipitation parameters enabled us to develop precipitation thresholds based on both direct causes and long-term preparatory precipitation necessary to accelerate the studied landslide. From the tree-ring data, we established landslide-safe conditions and 0.5-probability thresholds for a particular landslide slope. This study also generated comprehensive data on the seasonality of antecedent and triggering precipitation, long-term periods of antecedent precipitation, critical minimum levels of precipitation that sustain slope imbalance, and the importance of generally wet conditions (demonstrated as a high total number of days with precipitation regardless of its totals) as a factor in landslide activity. These patterns of landslide-precipitation dependence would not have been revealed with standard methods and standard precipitation parameters applied in threshold analyses. Thus, long-term reconstructions can be a valuable source of data for precipitation thresholds of landslide activity. © 2021 The Authors},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85120036696,

title = {Temporal and spatial variations of net primary productivity and its response to groundwater of a typical oasis in the Tarim Basin, China},

author = { L. Sun and Y. Yu and Y. Gao and H. Zhang and X. Yu and J. He and D. Wang and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120036696&doi=10.1007%2fs40333-021-0088-z&partnerID=40&md5=6fcd7afec8294a33007a33154096f106},

doi = {10.1007/s40333-021-0088-z},

issn = {16746767},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Arid Land},

volume = {13},

number = {11},

pages = {1142-1154},

publisher = {Science Press},

abstract = {Net primary productivity (NPP) of the vegetation in an oasis can reflect the productivity capacity of a plant community under natural environmental conditions. Owing to the extreme arid climate conditions and scarce precipitation in the arid oasis regions, groundwater plays a key role in restricting the development of the vegetation. The Qira Oasis is located on the southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert (Tarim Basin; China) that is one of the most vulnerable regions regarding vegetation growth and water scarcity in the world. Based on remote sensing images of the Qira Oasis and daily meteorological data measured by the ground stations during the period 2006–2019, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial patterns of NPP in the oasis as well as its relation with the variation of groundwater depth using a modified Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) model. At the spatial scale, NPP of the vegetation decreased from the interior of the Qira Oasis to the margin; at the temporal scale, NPP of the vegetation in the oasis fluctuated significantly (ranging from 29.80 to 50.07 g C/(m2·month)) but generally showed an increasing trend, with the average increase rate of 0.07 g C/(m2·month). The regions with decreasing NPP occupied 64% of the total area of the oasis. During the study period, NPP of both farmland and grassland showed an increasing trend, while that of forest showed a decreasing trend. The depth of groundwater was deep in the south of the oasis and shallow in the north, showing a gradual increasing trend from south to north. Groundwater, as one of the key factors in the surface change and evolution of the arid oasis, determines the succession direction of the vegetation in the Qira Oasis. With the increase of groundwater depth, grassland coverage and vegetation NPP decreased. During the period 2008–2015, with the recovery of groundwater level, NPP values of all types of vegetation with different coverages increased. This study will provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization and sustainable management of groundwater resources in the oasis. © 2021, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85111257029,

title = {Hydrodynamic parameters of floods and related bank erosion events indicated from tree rings and 2D hydrodynamic model for a small ungauged catchment (Sudeten Mts., Poland)},

author = { I. Malik and M. Wistuba and D. Absalon and M. Habel and S. Chalov and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111257029&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2021.108021&partnerID=40&md5=34e770ca26a7e993b091769257016eb9},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108021},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {129},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Small mountain catchments usually lack hydrological monitoring and gauges. Therefore, in such areas, data on past flood and bank erosion are often missing, which makes assessing flood and erosion hazards very limited. We attempt to fill in this gap by dating individual flood and erosion events from growth disturbances produced by trees after their stems are tilted, and their roots are exposed and wounded by transported material. We aimed to develop a conceptual approach to integrate dendrochronology and 2D modelling for indicating and assessing past events of floods and bank erosion on a small mountain river Łomniczka, Sudeten mountains, Poland. We dated growth disturbances resulting from tilting of stems of spruce trees which grow on eroded riverbanks, i.e. tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood. We also dated disturbances resulting from the exposure of roots from under the soil cover, i.e. sudden decreases of cell lumen, and root injuries by debris transported by floods, i.e. scars and traumatic resin ducts. Dendrochronology allow to indicate the occurrence of 28 floods since the 1930s, including 11 floods when bank erosion was also recorded at study sites. The approach enables to identify rates of bank erosion during specific floods which ranged at study sites from 20 to 120 cm. The largest discharge was determined for the 1997 flood (106;7 m3 s−1), and the highest flow velocities were obtained for the 1930 floods (4.59 m/s). Results show that the highest shear stress occurred during the floods in 1943 and 1977 (510;3N/m2) and in 1997 flood (469.1 N/m2). We conclude that dendrochronology combined with 2D modelling allowed us to indicate past floods and bank erosion, and to prepare reliable inventories for analyses of flood and erosion hazard. The approach proposed in this paper can also be used as a tool for flood management, spatial management and planning. © 2021},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85108726008,

title = {Simultaneous growth releases and reductions among Populus alba as an indicator for floods in dry mountains (Morocco)},

author = { I. Malik and M. Dłużewski and J. Rotnicka and M. Wistuba and K. Krzemień and A. Muszyński and E. Rojan and A. Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108726008&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2021.107874&partnerID=40&md5=fddbeea5127a78a7699ba5363d0b5cb0},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107874},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {129},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {We studied the growth reaction of silver poplar trees (Populus alba) to a large flood in November 2014 in the semi-arid High Atlas Mountains, Morocco. The flood resulted in half of the studied trees developing wider tree rings in 2015 and the other half developing narrower rings in 2015, next year after the flood. For 57.1% of trees which released growth in 2015, this was the most significant increase of ring width during their whole lives (in whole tree-ring chronologies), and for 23.8% of trees which reduced growth in 2015, this was the most significant decrease of ring width. Tree-ring reductions in next year after the 2014 flood resulted from environmental stress related to burying stems with alluvia deposited during the flood. Fresh sediments cut off air access from the root system, and for some of the sampled trees, this stress was strong enough to control their radial growth. Growth releases that follow the 2014 flood are a record of trees benefitting from a sudden supply of water, a rare opportunity in dry study area, where water is usually scarce. The study demonstrates that floods in high mountains of arid zone can cause dual, opposite growth reaction of affected trees. Such dual record is characteristic for environmental impulses, which exert stress on trees, but, at the same time, improve other conditions of tree growth. Environmental events that cause simultaneous positive and negative reactions among a population of trees, like studied flood, can easily be overlooked in chronologies based on average widths of tree rings each year. For trees affected during studied flood arithmetical mean of ring widths in 2015 is average and does not stand out from arithmetical means for other years. However, when analysed in detail, the year 2015 is significantly different from other years, as is demonstrated by high values of dispersion indicators (standard deviation and coefficient of variation) calculated for all sampled trees. This study demonstrates that following the standard procedure (developing tree-ring chronology from average ring widths) is not a reliable solution for reconstructions of environmental impulses which cause dual, opposite reaction among sampled trees. Even strong events of this type will not be emphasised in standard chronologies, which can lead to underestimating frequency and magnitude of processes and, in the case of floods, to underestimating hazard and risk. © 2021 The Author(s)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85115199007,

title = {Spatiotemporal changes in water, land use, and ecosystem services in Central Asia considering climate changes and human activities},

author = { Y. Yu and Xi. Chen and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and Y. Cao and D. Hou and Z. Ta and J. He and Li. Zhang and R. Yu and H. Zhang and L. Sun},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85115199007&doi=10.1007%2fs40333-021-0084-3&partnerID=40&md5=9c46277e058bfbf00005833954006440},

doi = {10.1007/s40333-021-0084-3},

issn = {16746767},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Arid Land},

volume = {13},

number = {9},

pages = {881-890},

publisher = {Science Press},

abstract = {Central Asia is located in the hinterland of Eurasia, comprising Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan; over 93.00% of the total area is dryland. Temperature rise and human activities have severe impacts on the fragile ecosystems. Since the 1970s, nearly half the great lakes in Central Asia have shrunk and rivers are drying rapidly owing to climate changes and human activities. Water shortage and ecological crisis have attracted extensive international attention. In general, ecosystem services in Central Asia are declining, particularly with respect to biodiversity, water, and soil conservation. Furthermore, the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in Central Asia increased by 0.30°C/decade and 6.9 mm/decade in recent decades, respectively. Temperature rise significantly affected glacier retreat in the Tianshan Mountains and Pamir Mountains, which may intensify water shortage in the 21st century. The increase in precipitation cannot counterbalance the aggravation of water shortage caused by the temperature rise and human activities in Central Asia. The population of Central Asia is growing gradually, and its economy is increasing steadily. Moreover, the agricultural land has not been expended in the last two decades. Thus, water and ecological crises, such as the Aral Sea shrinkage in the 21st century, cannot be attributed to agriculture extension any longer. Unbalanced regional development and water interception/transfer have led to the irrational exploitation of water resources in some watersheds, inducing downstream water shortage and ecological degradation. In addition, accelerated industrialization and urbanization have intensified this process. Therefore, all Central Asian countries must urgently reach a consensus and adopt common measures for water and ecological protection. © 2021, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85113477165,

title = {Remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of the temporal and spatial changes in the eco-environment of a typical arid land of the tarim basin in western china},

author = { L. Sun and Y. Yu and Y. Gao and J. He and X. Yu and I. Malik and M. Wistuba and R. Yu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85113477165&doi=10.3390%2fland10080868&partnerID=40&md5=25adfb78112647043b7c0c5c58260a7b},

doi = {10.3390/land10080868},

issn = {2073445X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Land},

volume = {10},

number = {8},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The eco-environment provides various spaces, conditions, and resources for human de-velopment, and their quality is a significant factor affecting sustainable development in a region. Most drylands face environmental fragility due to problems such as infertile land, scarce suitable living space, and a lack of resources. Therefore, investigating the temporal and spatial changes in the eco-environment of drylands is vital to developing them sustainably. This paper takes Hetian, which is located in the Tarim Basin of Western China and has typical features of an arid (or a hyper-arid) region, as the research area. The ecological index (EI) was used to construct a comprehensive ecological evaluation system, and five sub-indices (the biological richness index; vegetation coverage index; water network denseness index; land stress index; and pollution load index) were calculated to identify the quality and changes in the eco-environment of Hetian in 1995, 2009, and 2018. The results show that, from 1995 to 2018, the EI in Hetian showed a continuous downward trend (from 24.76 to 16.32), representing a change (∆EI) of −8.44; this indicates significant deterioration in the quality of the local eco-environment. Large fluctuations in the EI also suggests that the environment in Hetian is very sensitive. In addition, the results revealed a degradation of Hetian, which includes a hyper-arid region. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85101551129,

title = {Combining 137Cs, 210Pb and dendrochronology for improved reconstruction of erosion–sedimentation events in a loess gully system (southern Poland)},

author = { I. Malik and G. Poręba and M. Wistuba and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85101551129&doi=10.1002%2fldr.3903&partnerID=40&md5=a0d677147bb56c55a36dd6cf6616c00f},

doi = {10.1002/ldr.3903},

issn = {10853278},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Land Degradation and Development},

volume = {32},

number = {7},

pages = {2336-2350},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Detailed knowledge on the past events of erosion and redeposition is necessary to assess the frequency and magnitude of soil degradation and to provide more complete data, among all, to calculate rainfall thresholds and to develop strategies for controlling erosion. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to obtain a more comprehensive and accurate reconstruction of erosion–sedimentation events in a gully system by combining analyses of 137Cs and 210Pb with dendrochronological dating in the same sediment profiles. We aimed to precisely determine the number and the age of erosion–sedimentation events, which led to the development of study deposits and to determine the type of erosion providing material for deposition in particular events. To this purpose, 136 soil samples and 62 roots and tree stems samples were collected in eight research profiles at the gully bottom. We compared the results obtained with the two methods. Isotope analysis allowed us to estimate more general age of sediments and the type of erosion that provided material for individual layers. Dendrochronology provided a more precise reconstruction of the age of soil degradation events. By combining both techniques, we determined rainfall events responsible for erosion and sedimentation in the studied gully since 1980s and a rainfall threshold of 60 mm day−1 for soil erosion and redeposition in the study area. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090425537,

title = {Establishing regimes of landslide activity – Analysis of landslide triggers over the previous seven decades (Western Carpathians, Poland)},

author = { M. Wistuba and I. Malik and E. Gorczyca and A. Ślęzak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090425537&doi=10.1016%2fj.catena.2020.104888&partnerID=40&md5=37a35471bd84d96e2ed00ad49dd85b4f},

doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2020.104888},

issn = {03418162},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Catena},

volume = {196},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Long-term analyses of landslide patterns and triggering factors, covering several decades of continuous data, including periods of both acceleration and stability, are a key to understanding landslide activity, background, and variability. In this study, we analyse the long-term relationships between landslide activity and the triggering factors, precipitation, and low-magnitude earthquakes for three landslides in the Western Carpathians, Poland. Based on dendrochronological reconstruction covering 68 years (1951–2018), including tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood dating for 107 Norway spruce trees, we determined that there are significant differences in the activity and triggers of the studied slopes. We were able to explain the origin of the differences through the individual features of landslide topography and structure, such as the depth of the shear zones, disintegration of landslide blocks resulting in a plastic, flow-like movement of the material, and location of the landslide blocks in relation to high groundwater levels in the valley floors. Finally, we determined the optimal sequences of triggers leading to heavy landsliding for each slope, therefore establishing the regimes of their activity. We argue that the long-term regularities in landslide response to triggers can be generalised into regimes, as is commonly done with river discharge, groundwater levels, and their hydro-meteorological background. We propose establishing “regimes of landslide activity” that are based on decades of observations and reconstructions. Our study demonstrates that such a long-term approach can be an efficient tool for describing and explaining the variability of landslide activity and hazards over space and time. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85084492323,

title = {Impact of trees and forests on the Devonian landscape and weathering processes with implications to the global Earth's system properties - A critical review},

author = { Ł. Pawlik and B. Buma and P. Šamonil and J. Kvaček and A. Gałązka and P. Kohout and I. Malik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084492323&doi=10.1016%2fj.earscirev.2020.103200&partnerID=40&md5=8562e63fb5eae7e84d2200643128b465},

doi = {10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103200},

issn = {00128252},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Earth-Science Reviews},

volume = {205},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Evolution of terrestrial plants, the first vascular plants, the first trees, and then whole forest ecosystems had far reaching consequences for Earth system dynamics. These innovations are considered important moments in the evolution of the atmosphere, biosphere, and oceans, even if the effects might have lagged by hundreds of thousands or millions of years. These fundamental changes in the Earth's history happened in the Paleozoic: from the Ordovician, the time of the first land plants, to the Carboniferous, dominated by forest ecosystems. The Devonian Plant Hypothesis (DPH) was the first concept to offer a full and logical explanation of the many environmental changes associated with the evolution of trees/forests that took place during this time period. The DPH highlighted the impact of deep-rooted vascular plants, particularly trees on weathering processes, pedogenesis, nutrient transport, CO2 cycling, organic and inorganic carbon deposition, and suggests further possible consequences on the marine realm (oceanic anoxia and extinction during the Late Devonian). Here we attempt to combine the DPH and the related expansion in biodiversity, the Devonian Plant Explosion (DePE), with the Biogeomorphic Ecosystem Engineering (BEE) concept. This idea connects tree growth and activity with initiation and/or alteration of geomorphic processes, and therefore the creation or deterioration of geomorphic landforms. We focus on trees and forest ecosystems, as the assumed dominant driver of plant-initiated change. We find that whereas there is a broad evidence of trees as important biogeomorphic ecosystem engineers, addressing the DPH is difficult due to limited, difficult to interpret, or controversial data. However, we argue the concept of BEE does shed new light on DPH and suggest new data sources that should be able to answer our main question: were Devonian trees Biogeomorphic Ecosystem engineers? © 2020 The Author(s)},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85084230803,

title = {Erosion and accumulation phases during the last glacial-interglacial cycle: A case study of the terrace system of the odra and osobloga rivers (Southern Poland)},

author = { K.J. Wójcicki and H. Pawelec and I. Malik and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and P. Moska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084230803&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1519&partnerID=40&md5=95a8418de82035960e2bb53c02a81684},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1519},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {64},

number = {1},

pages = {104-119},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {In the Odra and Osob³oga River valleys in the vicinity of the town of Krapkowice, a system of morphological levels is present which is exceptionally extensive compared to other such systems in southern Poland. The extent, origins and chronology of these levels have been the subject of many controversies. In the light of current research, the terraces, which are situated on average 14.5-13, 12-10, 8-6, 6-4 and 3-1 metres above the river level, were formed in the post-Wartanian interval. The main factor driving their development was erosion, which compensated for the effects of large-scale aggradation that had occurred during the anaglacial phase of the Odranian Glaciation (MIS 8) dated to 261 ±15 ka. The impact of climatic conditions on the trends towards fluvial erosion or accumulation was only of secondary importance. According to OSL dating, successive phases of vertical stabilisation of the valley floor occurred ~118.8 ±8.3, 87.7 ±5.7 and 42.0 ±2.0 ka. In the meantime, erosion intensified, which resulted in the formation of lower terrace levels. During the climatic minimum of the Upper Plenivistulian (21.5 ±1.5 ka), under conditions of the delivery of sheet-wash-generated sediment, the aggradation of distal reaches of the Odra River valley was locally marked. During the Late Vistulian and Holocene, erosive tendencies continued, which were reflected by the fact that the surfaces of subsequent inset alluvial fills were situated ever lower. In the light of dating results, it can be concluded that during the colder periods correlated with the Rederstall Stadial (MIS 5b) and with the Hasselo Stadial (MIS 3), a braided river was present in the river valleys examined, which was most probably accompanied by permafrost. During the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e), during the Late Vistulian Interstadials and in the Holocene, it was a meandering river. © 2020, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85061796526,

title = {Geomorphic edge effects in response to abiotic and anthropogenic disturbances in forest ecosystems of the Gorce Mountains, Western Carpathians},

author = { Ł. Pawlik and P. Šamonil and I. Malik and P. Kroh and A. Ślęzak and P. Daněk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061796526&doi=10.1016%2fj.catena.2019.02.013&partnerID=40&md5=2036dfa586f01d16f17ef961a3e79cd1},

doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.013},

issn = {03418162},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Catena},

volume = {177},

pages = {134-148},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {In the present paper we report on the only known example of a hummocky meadow in Poland. The area of the Hala Długa in the Gorce Mountains is a hotspot of complex geomorphic edge effects that have been widely studied in relation to human impacts and forest disturbances. Applying an interdisciplinary approach, we aimed to study the geomorphic activity in edge conditions between two contrasting ecosystems, a high-mountain meadow and a forest. Several methods were applied: geomorphic mapping, radiocarbon dating, soil analysis, geomorphometry, wood anatomy, and investigations of historical maps. These methods enabled us to reconstruct the history of the Hala Długa over the past ca 300 years, and to evaluate geomorphic activity and soil dynamics in this area. The treethrow pit-mound microtopography (hummocky meadow; Buckelwiese) of this area was formed under forest conditions, but due to long-term human impacts linked to sheep grazing and mowing, was preserved as a distinct topography for at least 100 years. While this topography was still clearly visible in the 1950s, when it was first reported, it is currently gradually disappearing under trees that have formed a belt around the study area. Soils of the study site were disturbed by tree uprooting, with many key features identified during the soil profile analysis: spots of coarse partly oriented sandstone fragments in pits, patches of organic matter in the metamorphic B horizon, and a large number of root remnants and pieces of charcoal in different parts of treethrow mounds and pits. We suggest a non-linear or even polygenetic soil evolution due to altered vegetation and disturbance regimes. The evaluation of wood remnants revealed that the majority of uprooted tree species were Picea abies (L.) H. Karst and Larix decidua Mill. We conclude that in the Gorce Mountains geomorphic edge effects can form hotspots of geomorphic activity driven by human impacts, natural disturbances, and the specific hydrological regime in the highest parts of the massif. © 2019},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}