@article{2-s2.0-85137180794,

title = {A waning Saxothuringian Ocean evidenced in the Famennian tephra-bearing siliceous succession of the Bardo Unit (Central Sudetes, SW Poland)},

author = { G. Racki and S. Mazur and K. Narkiewicz and A. Pisarzowska and W. Bardziński and K. Kołtonik and D. Szymanowski and P. Filipiak and B. Kremer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137180794&doi=10.1130%2fB35971.1&partnerID=40&md5=4dca3da17cd05ded0b38b70e3e4e07bb},

doi = {10.1130/B35971.1},

issn = {00167606},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Bulletin of the Geological Society of America},

volume = {134},

number = {9-10},

pages = {2373-2398},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {A tephra-rich cherty-clayey Famennian succession within the major Brzeźnica olistostrome in the Bardo Mountains, Central Sudetes, SW Poland, preserves a record of the lost ocean later incorporated into the Variscan orogenic belt. Fluctuating but mostly oligotrophic regimes and low primary production levels were influenced by weak upwelling below the perennial oxygen minimum zone, which controlled the interplay between biosiliceous and siliciclastic deposition in the oceanic basin, with episodic oxygen deficiency. The Hangenberg Black Shale has been identified in this oceanic setting based on its characteristics described worldwide (including mercury enrichments). A tectonic uplift of the sediment source area near the Devonian- Carboniferous boundary, recorded in the distinguishing provenance signal of old continental crust, was paired with a global transgression, anoxia, and volcanic episode in an interglacial interval. Assuming paleogeographic affinity with the Bavarian facies of the Saxothuringian terrane, we interpret the allochthonous sediments as part of an accretionary prism that was gravitationally redeposited into the late orogenic basin in front of advancing Variscan nappes. The oceanic basin parental to the Bardo pelagic succession is therefore thought to represent a tract of the waning Saxothuringian Ocean in the Peri-Gondwanan paleogeographic domain that was eventually subducted beneath the Brunovistulian margin of Laurussia. The sediments of the Bardo Ocean basin also include a distal record of Famennian explosive volcanic activity that was likely related to a continental magmatic arc whose remnants are preserved as the Vrbno Group of the East Sudetes. © 2022, Geological Society of America Bulletin. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85124568889,

title = {Mercury isotope evidence for regional volcanism during the Frasnian-Famennian transition},

author = { H. Zhao and J. Shen and T.J. Algeo and G. Racki and J. Chen and C. Huang and J. Song and W. Qie and Y. Gong},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124568889&doi=10.1016%2fj.epsl.2022.117412&partnerID=40&md5=c17745409ff1e046e99094d9d96283a1},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117412},

issn = {0012821X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {581},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Mercury (Hg) concentrations and isotopes are widely used as proxies for volcanic inputs to paleodepositional systems. Enhanced volcanism during the Late Devonian was previously mainly inferred in the western Paleo-Tethys Ocean region from high Hg enrichments around the Upper Kellwasser horizon (UKW) and Frasnian-Famennian Boundary (FFB). In this study, we generated high-resolution Hg concentration data for four UKW-FFB sections (Walnut Creek and Dupont-GHS in the U.S.A.; and Yangdi and Nandong in South China) and Hg isotope data for two of them (Walnut Creek and Nandong) in order to test the geographic distribution and stratigraphic range of volcanic inputs during the Frasnian-Famennian transition. Within the uppermost Frasnian Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone and the lowermost Famennian Lower Pa. triangularis Zone, Nandong (Paleo-Tethys Ocean) exhibits enrichment factors (HgEF > 2) and mass independent fractionations (MIF) of odd isotopes (Δ199Hg ∼0 ‰) that are consistent with significant volcanic inputs. Positive Δ199Hg values and an absence of Hg enrichments in the equivalent stratigraphic intervals at Walnut Creek and Dupont-GHS (peri-Panthalassic region) indicate that Late Devonian volcanism was a regional rather than a global phenomenon, and that it may have been associated with subduction zones and/or a large igneous province (LIP) of limited size in the Paleo-Tethyan region rather than with a major continental LIP of potentially global significance. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85120918325,

title = {Correction to: In search of historical roots of the extraterrestrial impact theory, II: Two unknown German pioneers from the 1850s, Ludwig Pfeil and Karl Reichenbach (International Journal of Earth Sciences, (2021), 110, 3, (1109-1115), 10.1007/s00531-021-02004-0)},

author = { G. Racki and C. Koeberl and M.P. Michalak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120918325&doi=10.1007%2fs00531-021-02133-6&partnerID=40&md5=a98b1350ce8f51bf5e522bc6a58241af},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-021-02133-6},

issn = {14373254},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {111},

number = {2},

pages = {747-748},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {Due to erroneous information in the pictorial material available on the Internet in 2019–2020, a major amendment for Fig. 1 is required. The alleged portrait of count Ludwig von Pfeil, a land-owner from Lower Silesia, actually depicts Fürst (prince) Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (https://www.alamy.de/fotos-bilder/prinz-bl%C3%BCcher.html?blackwhite=1), Prussian field marshal, a hero of the Napoleonic Wars (also related with Lower Silesia)! Fortunately, the quoted source of this image – “Illustrirte Zeitung” from 1856—was digitized by the Österreichischen Nationalbibliothe in 2021 (https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=izl). Thus, we can now exhibit lithographic likeness of true Ludwig Pfeil, an unknown German pioneer of the extraterrestrial impact theory. © 2021, Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (GV).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85148111240,

title = {MIDDLE DEVONIAN SKAŁY FORMATION IN THE HOLY CROSS MOUNTAINS (POLAND) – FORMAL DESCRIPTION AND SUBDIVISION BASED ON NEW FIELD DATA},

author = { G. Racki and K. Wójcik and A.T. Halamski and M. Narkiewicz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148111240&doi=10.14241%2fASGP.2022.18&partnerID=40&md5=dc8ed330cedc07093a03061d664cd258},

doi = {10.14241/ASGP.2022.18},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {92},

number = {4},

pages = {425-444},

publisher = {Polish Geological Society},

abstract = {The well-known fossiliferous and lithologically variable clay-carbonate series in the Łysogóry Region (northern part of the Holy Cross Mts; central Poland), enclosed between the Middle Devonian Amphipora dolomites and limestones (Kowala Formation) and siliciclastics (Świętomarz Beds), is defined formally as the Shaly-Calcareous Skały Formation. This Upper Eifelian to Middle Givetian, ca. 250–280 m thick unit, consists of marly and clay shales, interbedded many times with various limestone types (including encrinite and biohermal varieties), as well as with marls and siltstones. Its diagnostic feature is the presence of variable skeletal accumulations, formed by exceptionally numerous, well-preserved and diverse macrofauna (including brachiopods; corals; crinoids; bryozoans), described since the 19th century. The stratotype is located in the eastern slope of the Dobruchna stream near the Skały village and belongs to the Silurian to Upper Devonian Grzegorzowice-Skały section. Compared to the previously used term, Skały Beds sensu Pajchlowa (1957), the lower boundary is redefined, owing to a new exposure in the active Skała Quarry, and placed higher, at the base of the famous brachiopod shales (set XIV of Pajchlowa), instead of the formerly accepted lower boundary at the base of set XIII. Set XIV is formally distinguished as the Dobruchna Brachiopod Shale Member. The higher part of the Skały Fm (sets XV–XXVA) is not subdivided further, as the poorly exposed succession, including in particular the type area, precludes a more accurate recognition of lithological variability. The upper boundary of the Skały Fm is placed at the top of set XXV sensu Pajchlowa (1957), corresponding to the boundary between subsets XXVA and XXVB sensu Malec and Turnau (1997). A hypostratotype of the upper boundary is selected in the outcrop M0 at Miłoszów, 2.5 km west-wards from the type section, allowing recognition of the diachroneity of lithological change defining the transition from the Skały Fm to Świętomarz Beds. A borehole situated in a key location would be an obvious next step in the further elucidation of the stratigraphic sequence of the Łysogóry Region. © 2022, Polish Geological Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85148110471,

title = {THE PRE-TAGHANIC (GIVETIAN, MIDDLE DEVONIAN) ECOSYSTEMS OF MIŁOSZÓW (HOLY CROSS MTS, POLAND)},

author = { A.T. Halamski and A. Baliński and G. Racki and M.R.W. Amler and M. Basse and J. Denayer and Z. Dubicka and P. Filipiak and M. Kondas and W. Krawczyński and R. Mieszkowski and K. Narkiewicz and E. Olempska and T. Wrzołek and P.N. Wyse Jackson and M.K. Zapalski and M. Zatoń and W. Kozłowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148110471&doi=10.14241%2fASGP.2022.19&partnerID=40&md5=a419b52e6f7c7404301b2ccbe9f9f122},

doi = {10.14241/ASGP.2022.19},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {92},

number = {4},

pages = {323-379},

publisher = {Polish Geological Society},

abstract = {The middle and upper parts of the Skały Fm, Early to Middle Givetian in age, were investigated in four sections at Miłoszów Wood in the Łysogóry Region (northern region of the Holy Cross Mountains; central Poland). The dating is based on conodonts (Polygnathus timorensis Zone to the later part of the Polygnathus varcus/Polygnathus rhenanus Zone; early Polygnathus ansatus Zone cannot be excluded) and spores (Ex1–2 subzones) and, coupled with cartographic analysis and geophysical investigation, allows correlation within the strongly faulted succession. Significant lateral facies variations within the carbonate ramp depositional system in comparison with the better studied Grzegorzowice–Skały section, about 3 km distant, are documented, thanks to conodont-based correlation of both successions. Foraminifers, fungi, sponges, rugose and tabulate corals, medu-sozoans, microconchids and cornulitids, polychaetes (scolecodonts), molluscs (bivalves; rostroconchs; and gas-tropods), arthropods (trilobites and ostracods), bryozoans, hederelloids, ascodictyids, brachiopods, echinoderms (mostly crinoids; rare echinoids; holuthurians; and ophiocistoids), conodonts, fish, plants (prasinophytes; chloro-phycophytes; and land plant spores), and acritarchs are present. Brachiopods are the most diverse phylum present (68 species), other richly represented groups are bryozoans and echinoderms; in contrast, cephalopods and trilobites are low in diversity and abundance. The muddy, middle to outer ramp biota (200 marine taxa; including 170 species of marine animals; 22 photoautotrophs; 6 forams) represents a mixture of allochthonous shallower-wa-ter communities (upper BA3), including storm-and possibly tsunami-affected coral mounds, and autochthonous deep-water soft-bottom brachiopod (e.g.; Bifida–Echinocoelia) communities (BA 4–5). The richness and diversity of the Miłoszów biota is relatively high, comparable with other approximately coeval pre-Taghanic ecosystems during the Devonian climatic deterioration (cooling). Preliminary data indicate that in the Holy Cross Mountains, no large-scale replacement of brachiopod (and probably many other benthic ones; like crinoids) communities took place between the Early–Middle Givetian and the Early Frasnian, in contrast to the demise of the Hamilton/ Upper Tully fauna in the Appalachian Basin. Such a similarity of pre-and post-Taghanic faunas does not exclude the occurrence of environmental perturbations and transient community turnovers, caused by immigrations during the Taghanic Biocrisis, but evidences the successful recovery of the indigenous biota. © 2022, Polish Geological Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85148101389,

title = {HABITATS IN THE PRE-TAGHANIC (GIVETIAN, MIDDLE DEVONIAN) MUDDY CARBONATE RAMP AT MIŁOSZÓW (HOLY CROSS MOUNTAINS, POLAND): GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROFACIES EVIDENCE},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and G. Racki and M. Rakociński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148101389&doi=10.14241%2fASGP.2022.14&partnerID=40&md5=11ec1ae7d391c8a794a5f1354a4acc1b},

doi = {10.14241/ASGP.2022.14},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {92},

number = {4},

pages = {381-409},

publisher = {Polish Geological Society},

abstract = {The well-known fossiliferous and lithologically variable Middle Devonian Shaly-Calcareous Skały Formation in the Łysogóry Region (northern part of the Holy Cross Mountains; central Poland) was studied for the first time in terms of elemental geochemistry, carbon isotope stratigraphy and limestone microfacies. Three Lower to Middle Givetian marly-limestone successions, exposed at Miłoszów, represent middle to outer facies belts of the vast carbonate ramp, characterized by very rich epifaunal and infaunal benthic life in muddy, oxic, eutrophic, and photic zone habitats. Brachiopods and occasionally corals (in mesophotic association), erect branch-ing bryozoans, and tiny crinoids played a leading role among flourishing sessile suspension-feeders. High-energy storm events, possibly even a tsunami, during the brief Early Givetian time strengthened a prolific carbonate ooze delivery system from shallow ramp areas, including restricted back-ramp lagoons and a variety of organic build-ups, populated by corals and stromatoporoids. The ecologically mixed skeletal grain association is characterized by the rich occurrence of a typical lagoonal biota, calcispheres and amphiporoids. The effective carbonate factory declined stepwise regionally during the Middle Givetian because of an intermittent progradation of the deltaic system of the Świętomarz Beds, linked with climate cooling and the activation of block movements. The regional carbonate crisis resulted in the demise of diverse benthic life, including the prolific calcified microbiota. The higher Skały Formation succession, deposited between the important Kačák and Taghanic bioevents, is noticeable for a background carbon-isotope pattern in carbonate and organic matter signatures, with the baseline δ13Ccarb values between 1‰ and 2‰. The microfacies and chemostratigraphic data confirm that at least the lower pumilio bioev-ent was not recorded in the Łysogóry Region. © 2022, Polish Geological Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85148092408,

title = {CYCLIC ECOLOGICAL REPLACEMENT OF BRACHIOPOD ASSEMBLAGES IN THE TOP-EIFELIAN DOBRUCHNA BRACHIOPOD SHALE MEMBER (SKAŁY FORMATION) OF THE HOLY CROSS MOUNTAINS (POLAND)},

author = { P. Woźniak and A.T. Halamski and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148092408&doi=10.14241%2fASGP.2022.13&partnerID=40&md5=fd6048d95c0c06750961d054cc02d468},

doi = {10.14241/ASGP.2022.13},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {92},

number = {4},

pages = {445-463},

publisher = {Polish Geological Society},

abstract = {The palaeoecology of fossiliferous shales, belonging to the upper part of the Dobruchna Brachiopod Shale Member (= set XIV) of the Skały Formation (northern Holy Cross Mountains), was studied quantitatively in a succession in the transient (1989) trench A, 5.6 m thick, near the village of Skały. The top-Eifelian stra-ta, recording the carbonate crisis during the global Kačák Bioevent, are well known for having a particularly diverse brachiopod fauna. The four brachiopod assemblages, recognised herein, were mainly controlled by the evolving bottom-sediment properties of the outer carbonate ramp basin. Soft, unstable substrates were inhabit-ed by the poorly-diversified Poloniproductus assemblage, associated with a distinctive, ‘incumbent’ set of largely semi-infaunal, generalist species. The pioneer community, as a result of progressive consolidation of bioclast-en-riched sediment, evolved toward a more diverse biota. This consequent stabilisation of the substrate resulted in the progressive growth of crinoid thickets or bryozoan-dominated biostromes and patches, associated with rich, subordinate, sessile and vagile benthos. In this stage, diverse brachiopod assemblages were dominated by the pedunculate, eurytopic, ribbed spiriferide Eleutherokomma or specialized orthides (Aulacella; Costisorthis) in the Dobruchna Mbr, and by the expansive, large, free-lying orthotetide Xystostrophia in the overlying set XV of the Skały Fm The cyclic ecological replacement, with the characters of ecological succession in the final phase, was evidently stimulated by an irregular transition from soupy muds to a mosaic of bioclast-rich and firmer, biogenic sediments, within the cyclic pattern of distal tempestite sedimentation. The three episodes of variously reduced deposition rate, recorded in the more diverse benthos, culminated in the pioneer bryozoan/coral reef growth and abundance of epibionts, alternating with times of destructive storm activity and deposition from suspension clouds in the muddy habitats. © 2022, Polish Geological Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85104951409,

title = {The discovery of the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province in 1870s, and the leading role of Aleksander Czekanowski},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85104951409&doi=10.1016%2fj.pgeola.2021.02.006&partnerID=40&md5=073520ca61aebd75599324899b10eabb},

doi = {10.1016/j.pgeola.2021.02.006},

issn = {00167878},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Geologists' Association},

volume = {132},

number = {3},

pages = {369-391},

publisher = {Geologists' Association},

abstract = {Flood basalts (traps) and large igneous provinces (LIPs) are essential topics in modern geology. However, little is known about the stages of recognition of particular LIPs, including a giant continental LIP in Siberia. Even though basalt occurrences were reported from the region from the end of the 18th century (e.g.; by Kozitsky; Middendorf; Schmidt and Lopatin), the first ample data were provided by the Polish geologist Aleksander Czekanowski (1833–1876). He was educated at the Universities of Kiev and Dorpat but exiled to Siberia for participating in the Polish January Uprising in 1863. Czekanowski organised three expeditions to poorly known parts of Central Siberia, which were initiated by exploring the Lower Tunguska River Basin. In the summer of 1873, he discovered many exposures of basalts and related tuffs. After an expedition to the Olenek River region in 1874, he was aware of a vast extent of basalt sequences and the critical impact of the “powerful volcanic floods” that immensely transformed the uplifted continent. Czekanowski emphasised “the discovery of previously unknown areas of igneous rocks of so large an extent that it exceeds the size of any other of its kind.” Studies of the volcanic series developed towards the end of the century, as summarised in an influential treatise from 1901 by the great Austrian geologist Eduard Suess. Czekanowski, distinguished in Seuss's monograph, is occasionally appreciated as the discoverer of the Siberian Traps but should also be adequately honoured in the neocatastrophism-based geology of the 21st century. © 2021 The Geologists' Association},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85103151153,

title = {In search of historical roots of the extraterrestrial impact theory, II: two unknown German pioneers from the 1850s, Ludwig Pfeil and Karl Reichenbach},

author = { G. Racki and C. Koeberl and M.P. Michalak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103151153&doi=10.1007%2fs00531-021-02004-0&partnerID=40&md5=34dc2e752fb431e93840cf7f14990ec5},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-021-02004-0},

issn = {14373254},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {110},

number = {3},

pages = {1109-1115},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {The mid-nineteenth century is not regarded as the time when the theory of extraterrestrial catastrophism developed. However, two German scholars independently introduced original concepts of terrestrial impacts of large celestial bodies at that time. Ludwig Pfeil (1803–1896), a self-educated wealthy landowner, and Karl Reichenbach (1788–1869), an eminent scientist and industrialist, independently proposed in the 1850s that the Earth is an aggregate of meteoritic masses and has experienced many impact-induced cataclysms throughout its geological history. Until 1891, Pfeil analyzed the effects of the collision of a comet's gaseous body with Earth. He tried to simulate the effects of tsunami waves generated by impacts into the ocean and inferred the route of “cometary currents” from the morphology and orientation of coastlines and associated mountain ranges. Reichenbach speculated about fertilization of the terrestrial surface by extraterrestrial dust in the context of an accretionary origin for Earth that also manifested in meteoritic sources of volcanic extrusions. He linked the Mesozoic succession of “buried living worlds” to geological catastrophes, caused by successive meteorite impacts. These cosmic bombardment concepts were comprehensively criticized by contemporary researchers, but soon found many conceptual successors in the German-speaking science community. Therefore, Pfeil and Reichenbach should be regarded as pioneers of the impact theory. © 2021, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85082815820,

title = {Middlesex/punctata Event in the Rhenish Basin (Padberg section, Sauerland, Germany) – Geochemical clues to the early-middle Frasnian perturbation of global carbon cycle},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and R.T. Becker and Z.S. Aboussalam and M. Szczerba and K. Sobień and B. Kremer and K. Owocki and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082815820&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2020.103211&partnerID=40&md5=bb417aeebd0108e29d79af43b893887e},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103211},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {191},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A positive carbon stable isotope excursion of about 3‰ is documented in the topmost lower Frasnian at Padberg, eastern Rhenish Massif, as a muted record of the worldwide early−middle Frasnian isotopic perturbation (punctata Event; up to 6–8‰ shift in both δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg elsewhere), comparable with the Appalachian δ13C curve. This German isotopic signature occurs in a 12 m thick calciturbidite succession and correlates well with the three-step chemostratigraphic pattern known from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. It is especially clear in the δ13Corg shifts, whilst δ13Ccarb (and elemental geochemical) proxies are partly biased by post-sedimentary alterations. The New York State, Polish, Nevada and Padberg conodont successions place the onset of the major positive δ13C excursion slightly beneath the early–middle Frasnian boundary, with Ancyrodella nodosa (previously Ad. gigas form 1) as the main conodont guide species, and coincident with the Middlesex transgression and spread of cold, nutrient-rich, poorly oxygenated water masses. In the light of geochemical proxies, enhanced primary production and oxygen deficiency occurred evidently in the Rhenish Basin during the punctata Event. Moderate Hg enrichments in the early Middlesex/punctata Event interval suggest a volcanic signature. However, conclusive data from other regions are required to differentiate between effects of the regionally well-known synsedimenary magmatism and of a possible global volcanic trigger for the biogeochemical perturbation. © 2020 The Authors},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85079031680,

title = {A volcanic scenario for the Frasnian–Famennian major biotic crisis and other Late Devonian global changes: More answers than questions?},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079031680&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2020.103174&partnerID=40&md5=cf5abb38ac5aed19683076a6e4c04ac7},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103174},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {189},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Although the prime causation of the Late Devonian Frasnian–Famennian (F–F) mass extinction remains conjectural, such destructive factors as the spread of anoxia and rapid upheavals in the runaway greenhouse climate are generally accepted in the Earth-bound multicausal scenario. In terms of prime triggers of these global changes, volcanism paroxysm coupled with the Eovariscan tectonism has been suspected for many years. However, the recent discovery of multiple anomalous mercury enrichments at the worldwide scale provides a reliable factual basis for proposing a volcanic–tectonic scenario for the stepwise F–F ecological catastrophe, specifically the Kellwasser (KW) Crisis. A focus is usually on the cataclysmic emplacement of the Viluy large igneous province (LIP) in eastern Siberia. However, the long-lasted effusive outpouring was likely episodically paired with amplified arc magmatism and hydrothermal activity, and the rapid climate oscillations and glacioustatic responses could in fact have been promoted by diverse feedbacks driven by volcanism and tectonics. The anti-greenhouse effect of expanding intertidal–estuarine and riparian woodlands during transient CO2-greenhouse spikes was another key feedback on Late Devonian land. An updated volcanic press-pulse model is proposed with reference to the recent timing of LIPs and arc magmatism and the revised date of 371.9 Ma for the F–F boundary. The global changes were initiated by the pre-KW effusive activity of LIPs, which caused extreme stress in the global carbonate ecosystem. Nevertheless, at least two decisive pulses of sill-type intrusions and/or kimberlite/carbonatite eruptions, in addition to flood basalt extrusions on the East European Platform, are thought to have eventually led to the end-Frasnian ecological catastrophe. These stimuli have been enhanced by effective orbital modulation. An attractive option is to apply the scenario to other Late Devonian global events, as evidences in particular by the Hg spikes that coincide with the end-Famennian Hangenberg Crisis. © 2020 The Author},

note = {41},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85053050632,

title = {Timing of dicynodont extinction in light of an unusual Late Triassic Polish fauna and Cuvier’s approach to extinction},

author = { G. Racki and S.G. Lucas},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85053050632&doi=10.1080%2f08912963.2018.1499734&partnerID=40&md5=562c882369cd8a27feaac48a955ad462},

doi = {10.1080/08912963.2018.1499734},

issn = {08912963},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Historical Biology},

volume = {32},

number = {4},

pages = {452-461},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {Dicynodont therapsids are prominent elements of Triassic continental faunas, but the date of their demise is controversial, linked either to end-Carnian faunal turnover or to end-Triassic mass extinction. The second timing is based on a unique, giant dicynodont-theropod dinosaur fauna from Lipie Śląskie, Poland, thought to be Rhaetian in age, due to conjectural botanical and conchostracan (but not tetrapod) evidence. On the other hand, an age assignment for the Lipie fauna to the mid-Norian (Revueltian) has been demonstrated recently by regional integrative stratigraphic data. To test once more this still debated age assignment, we recall the rationale of Georges Cuvier in the study of the fossil record (‘the best documents of Earth’s past are fossilized large tetrapods’). This approach was applied successfully 200 years ago to the species extinction dilemma. In light of the worldwide distribution of dicynodonts, the alleged compositional paradox of the ‘Rhaetian’ fauna from Poland can be significantly reduced by its recognition as a more ‘normal’ early-middle Norian assemblage. The simple megafaunal correlation appears to be conclusive. Thus, there was a major pulse of dicynodont extinction at the end of the Carnian, with the final extinction of the few remaining species happening in the Norian. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090114158,

title = {Volcanism as a prime cause of mass extinctions: Retrospectives and perspectives},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090114158&doi=10.1130%2f2020.2544%2801%29&partnerID=40&md5=3a39a47781cbfe1074b6ad89d26a405f},

doi = {10.1130/2020.2544(01)},

issn = {00721077},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Special Paper of the Geological Society of America},

volume = {544},

pages = {1-34},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {In recent models of earth-system crises, the correlation between the major Phanerozoic mass extinctions and large igneous provinces has been well established. Specifically, pulsed massive exhalations of large amounts of volcanogenic CO2 transformed Earth’s atmosphere, leading to an excessive greenhouse effect and global warming, combined with slowed oceanic circulation, oxygen deficiency, and seawater acidification. In a historical context, however, the path leading to this neocatastrophic doctrine, traced by way of ever-more-convincing proofs (in recent years; via mercury anomalies), was convoluted for many objective and notional-personal reasons. From the late eighteenth century to the revolutionary 1980s, the reception of this conceptual route in the English-language mainstream science was determined principally by the rise and fall of the orthodox nonprogressive (steady-state) paradigm of the Lyellian uniformitarian. The main cognitive steps, pioneered frequently in continental Europe, included such principal conclusions as: (1) volcanic eruptions are a natural process, consisting of heat being vented from a central incandescent core, itself a relic of an initial nebular state; (2) cataclysmic phenomena were far more intense in the geologic past, both in orogenic and nonorogenic time intervals, with a dominant nonactualistic style of fissure-type effusive activity in intraplate settings, recorded in vast trap-type basalt successions (= large igneous provinces); (3) volcanogenic gaseous emanations, dominated by carbon dioxide and water vapor, had a strong impact on the global climate in the geological past toward the global warmth mode; and (4) this “volcanic greenhouse” was deleteriously augmented by several forms of immanent stress feedback (resulting in anoxia; acidification; hypercapnia; acid rains; ultraviolet radiation; etc.). Overall, diverse global ecosystem interactions, combined with the updated large igneous province scenario, can elucidate all major destructive factors in the biosphere, such as regressive versus transgressive sea-level changes and cooling versus warming climatic responses. Notwithstanding the particularity of each major biodiversity crisis in the Phanerozoic, however, a greenhouse/icehouse volcanism-driven catastrophe is a well-confirmed key toward better understanding these biotic turnovers over a variety of time scales and feedbacks. The holistic volcanic “press-pulse” model involves the joint action of two different types of stress factors: long-lived (“press”) large igneous provinces and a variety of critically sudden (“pulse”) disturbances. Therefore, the killing effectiveness of volcanic cataclysm should be viewed not only by the large igneous province size but also by their host geology, magma plumbing system, and eruption dynamics, determining the magnitude and composition of disastrous thermogenic outgassing. In search of possible pulse signals, emphasis has recently been placed on large igneous province–related, volatile-rich, mafic-ultramafic intrusions (owing to the great fluid-bearing capacity of their magmas) and sill-type intrusions (resulting in the most-effective devolatilization of sedimentary rocks). A simultaneous burst of arc magmatism and coeval impact of arc-continent collisions (especially in tropical domain) on global weatherability are additional cumulative cataclysmic stimuli awaiting more rigorous numerical simulations. © 2020 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85071612754,

title = {Diverse depositional and geochemical signatures of the Frasnian-Famennian global event in western Thailand reveal palaeotethyan vs. Western Australian geotectonic affinities},

author = { G. Racki and P. Königshof and Z. Belka and J. Dopieralska and A. Pisarzowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071612754&doi=10.1016%2fj.jaesx.2019.100010&partnerID=40&md5=45f7d91f4061f559c0b59831142856a3},

doi = {10.1016/j.jaesx.2019.100010},

issn = {25900560},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X},

volume = {2},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Two studied sections of the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary beds in western Thailand differ significantly in their depositional and geochemical characteristics. The highly condensed, monotonous Mae Sariang (MS) limestone succession generally corresponds to the event-chemostratigraphic pattern of the F-F biocrisis based primarily on German sections, and brief anoxic episodes are identifiable in trace-metal signatures (but neither organic-rich intercalations nor distinct volcanic signals). In the case of the Thong Pha Phum (TPP) site, two specific features are especially notable: (1) a δ13C positive excursion, comparable only with the peculiar Western Australian biogeochemical signature, and (2) elemental proxies that indicate exclusively oxic and probably largely oligotrophic conditions during both Kellwasser intervals. Therefore, the demonstrated biogeochemical and environmental differentiation confirms the totally different paleogeographic settings of the studied successions, as indicated previously by the Nd isotope composition of Late Devonian seawater. The distinctiveness of the TPP section clearly indicates its affinity with the Western Australian shelf successions, which are characterized by a well-known “atypical” biogeochemical and ecological signature. In terms of provenance, the siliciclastic fraction in the MS succession corresponds to continental margin. The Paleotethyan region was sourced by felsic-volcanic or granite-gneissic massifs. In the case of the TPP section, the continental margin, as well as the partly the continental island arc, are recorded in the detritus, predominantly derived from older, continental sedimentary-metasedimentary terrains. Therefore, the assumed Western Australian geotectonic assignment of TPP corresponds to the variable, partly recycled material supplied abundantly to the “Sibumasu depocenter” from adjoining granite-dominated Archean cratons. © 2019 The Author(s)},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85063628350,

title = {In search of historical roots of the meteorite impact theory: Franz von Paula Gruithuisen as the first proponent of an impact cratering model for the Moon in the 1820s},

author = { G. Racki and C. Koeberl},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063628350&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.13280&partnerID=40&md5=46658dbf7af3e80d3e2f78eee331b6f3},

doi = {10.1111/maps.13280},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {54},

number = {10},

pages = {2600-2630},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {Franz von Paula Gruithuisen (1774–1852), the Bavarian medic, physician, and astronomer, enfant terrible of German science, is known for his insightful observations and many extravagant conceptions. However, since the seminal monograph of Baldwin (1949), he is also referenced for early contributions to the meteoritic origin concept of lunar craters. His most commonly cited paper of 1828 is analyzed here for the first time in some detail. For Gruithuisen, impact phenomena were only an outcome of a more general cosmogenic theory, which assumed planet and satellite growth by concentric shell-like coalescence of the cosmic bodies. The aggregation theory thus defined was initiated in 1794 by Chladni, developed by the Bierberstein brothers and Anton Zach. Gruithuisen was notably the first person to formulate a nascent concept of lunar crater mechanics. This cratering process, as he thought, is based on an uneven gravitational subsidence of concentrically layered spherical impactors (=the solid core of comet) into the plastic sediments. Only the more resistant and heavy central portion of the body was submerging deeper, and therefore, the circular terrace-like rim of the ring mountains was formed. Gruithuisen tried also to recognize terrestrial equivalents of large-scale crater-like mountains on the Moon, and speculated on other impact consequences, such as a catastrophic influence on the history of the biosphere and a cometary source of the terrestrial hydrosphere. These ideas found several conceptual followers in the vital German science of the last decades of 19th century. Thus, despite principal errors in the gravitationally penetrative cratering model, we confirm the claim of recognition of Gruithuisen as one of the founders of the impact hypothesis. © The Meteoritical Society, 2019.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85063875524,

title = {Pulses of enhanced continental weathering associated with multiple Late Devonian climate perturbations: Evidence from osmium-isotope compositions},

author = { L.M.E. Percival and D. Selby and D.P.G. Bond and M. Rakociński and G. Racki and L. Marynowski and T. Adatte and J.E. Spangenberg and K.B. Föllmi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063875524&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2019.03.036&partnerID=40&md5=b30b10e38927b3cfb643975c5d591b41},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.03.036},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {524},

pages = {240-249},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Anomalously high rates of continental weathering have frequently been proposed as a key stimulus for the development of widespread marine anoxia during a number of Late Devonian environmental and biospheric crises, which included a major mass extinction during the Frasnian–Famennian transition (marked by the Upper and Lower Kellwasser horizons). Here, this model is investigated by presenting the first stratigraphic record of osmium-isotope trends ( 187 Os/ 188 Os) in upper Devonian strata from the Kowala Quarry (Holy Cross Mountains; Poland). Changes in reconstructed 187 Os/ 188 Os seawater values to more radiogenic compositions are documented at the base of both the Lower (~0.42 to ~0.83) and Upper (~0.31 to ~0.81) Kellwasser horizons characteristic of the Frasnian–Famennian transition, and additionally within upper Famennian shales that record a more minor environmental perturbation known as the Annulata Event (~0.20 to ~0.53). These shifts indicate the occurrence of extremely enhanced continental weathering rates at the onsets of the Kellwasser crises and during the later Annulata Event. The similarity of 187 Os/ 188 Os values in this study from Frasnian–Famennian boundary and lower Famennian strata (between 0.4 and 0.5) to those from North American stratigraphic equivalents suggests that the 187 Os/ 188 Os values record global trends. These findings support a causal relationship between increased continental weathering (and thus; nutrient supply to the marine shelf) and the environmental perturbations that occurred during numerous Late Devonian events, including both of the biospherically catastrophic Kellwasser crises as well as other, less severe, oceanic anoxic events. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85061640053,

title = {Between gilbert and barringer: Joseph A. munk as unknown pioneer of the meteorite model and geotourist exploitation of coon mountain (Arizona)},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061640053&doi=10.1086%2f701516&partnerID=40&md5=47d4a6eee4b5a42becf00cc3b095e732},

doi = {10.1086/701516},

issn = {00221376},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geology},

volume = {127},

number = {2},

pages = {119-135},

publisher = {University of Chicago Press},

abstract = {In the history of the study of Meteor Crater, there is an interlude between its initial geologic exploration in early 1890s (finalized by the seminal publication of the volcanic model by Gilbert in 1896) and the spectacular research-prospective activity of Barringer, completed with a meteoritic concept published in 1905. Here it is shown that the period between 1896 and 1905 did not represent a conceptual stasis in solving the mystery of the Arizona crater. Popular interest in the attractive theme was promoted by known scientists, such as Crookes, Holder, and Meyer. However, it was primarily exemplified by the work of Joseph A. Munk. In unnoticed publications from 1903 to 1906, he presented Coon Mountain indubitably as a meteorite crater, along with a proposal to adopt the appropriate name of Meteorite Mountain for this natural curiosity. His proimpact geologic arguments were widely repeated in later papers. In addition, Munk was a visionary pioneer in the propagation of the geotourist attraction represented by this geologic wonder, as manifested in his well-read guidebook Arizona Sketches. Furthermore, a surprising but significant issue is the hidden stimulating role of Fred W. Volz, known hitherto as a local businessmen and meteorite dealer. Especially in the light of Munk’s publications, Volz is shown to have been an insightful observer of geologic phenomena, including a progressive revival of Gilbert’s incipient conception of a buried “stellar body” under Coon Mountain (rejected by Gilbert himself). Even if this activity can be downgraded as only popular writing, Munk and (to some degree) Volz ought to be known at least as inspiring propagators and therefore pioneers of the meteorite hypothesis regarding Meteor Crater, independently of the widely known Barringer engagement. © 2019 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85078461345,

title = {Aleksander Czekanowski - Discoverer of Siberian traps [Aleksander Czekanowski - Odkrywca trapów syberyjskich]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078461345&partnerID=40&md5=841b0a84968959f93e16ffaab1f3d0b2},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {67},

number = {10},

pages = {791-798},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Flood basalts (traps) and large igneous provinces (LIPs) belong to the hot topics of modern geology, especially due to their causal links with major evolutionary crises and global catastrophes. However, the history of views on volcanic cataclysms, as well as the recognition stages of particular LIPs are still little known. Surprisingly, Polish contribution to this expanding topic may be larger than expected, as exemplified by the issue of field exploration of the largest continental LIP in Siberia. The first exhaustive data were provided in 1873 by Aleksander Czekanowski (1833-1876), a Polish geologist, educated at the universities of Kiev and Dorpat (Tartu),who was exiled by the Russian authorities to Siberia for participation in organizing the Polish January Uprising in 1863. He led several large expeditions to distant parts of Siberia, also in the Niżnyja (Lower) Tunguska basin. In the summer of 1873, he discovered numerous exposures of basalt lava floods in the tableland along this river, starting from the area between Preobrazhenka and Jerbogachyan. The observations were announced by letters systematically published in "Izvestiya Imperatorskogo Russkogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva ". As the most important result of the expedition, he quoted in 1876: "the discovery of previously unknown area of igneous rocks of so large extent that it exceeds the size ofany other of its kind". In his diaries, published posthumously in 1896, Czekanowski described the trap locations in detail, documented in many sketches and cross-sections. Czekanowski, as a discoverer of Siberian traps, has already been appreciated in English-language literature, and should also be properly honored in Polish geology. © 2019 Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85048339349,

title = {A Dutch contribution to early interpretations of Meteor Crater, Arizona, USA – Marten Edsge Mulder's ignored 1911 paper},

author = { G. Racki and J.W.M. Jagt and E.A. Jagt-Yazykova and C. Koeberl},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048339349&doi=10.1016%2fj.pgeola.2018.05.005&partnerID=40&md5=8addf8b75e049d978f7976e52bdbc2ec},

doi = {10.1016/j.pgeola.2018.05.005},

issn = {00167878},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Geologists' Association},

volume = {129},

number = {4},

pages = {542-560},

publisher = {Geologists' Association},

abstract = {Following the first scientific descriptions in the late nineteenth century, the origin of the curious structure currently known as Meteor Crater (or Barringer Crater) in Arizona (USA) remained controversial until well into the twentieth century. Within the context of commercial mining, Daniel Moreau Barringer's view that it recorded a substratum-penetrative meteorite impact (with the cosmic body still preserved) was commonly discarded. Marten Edsge Mulder (1847–1928), Dutch professor of medicine, found fault with Barringer's non-explosive model. In 1911, Mulder advanced, in an ignored paper written in Dutch, a novel model of an explosive meteorite (‘meteor’ in Mulder's terminology), during which the meteoroid front had been initially hollowed out in a bowl-like fashion on its passage through the Earth's atmosphere. As a result of the greatly compressed gases in this reshaped part, the bolide would eventually disintegrate in a bomb-like blast. Even though his model is, physically speaking, just as implausible as other early interpretations, Mulder concluded that only a limited (if any) primary mass of iron-nickel would have been preserved at Meteor Crater. In doing so, he predicted the bankruptcy (in 1929) of a mining business set up on the basis of Barringer's concept that large meteorite-hosted ore resources would be found at the crater site. In a single discussion of this original contribution (in 1913) by his fellow countryman, Jan Frederik Niermeyer, professor of geography, a seismically induced origin of the unique structure is preferred - another unnoticed Dutch contribution to the early interpretations of this ”natural curiosity”. © 2018 The Geologists’ Association},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85059076839,

title = {Anomalous upper devonian mercury enrichments: Comparison of inductively coupled plasma – Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) analytical data},

author = { G. Racki and L. Marynowski and M. Rakociński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059076839&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1419&partnerID=40&md5=4be4445bc66b6baa31e0c8ad791deb6f},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1419},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {62},

number = {3},

pages = {487-495},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Mercury geochemistry is emerging recently as a hot topic in chemostratigraphical and facies research, owing to the diagnostic character of Hg enrichments as a proxy of volcanic activity (crucial in the context of assumed causal links between volcanic cataclysms and mass extinctions). Thus, as a prerequisite to such far-reaching interpretations, reliable analytical determinations of Hg concentrations are necessary. In conventionally performed analyses in sedimentary geochemistry, Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is usually applied, as an analytical standard for trace elements, including Hg. However, with a detection limit (DL) of 10 ppb, such measured values have been questioned as a conclusive geochemical indicator of Hg anomalies, and, instead, far more accurate techniques, such as Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS; DL = 0.2 ppb), are requested. As a preliminary test of this view, we present comparative analysis of 91 samples from three sections encompassing the key Frasnian-Famennian and Famennian-Tournaisian boundary intervals in Morocco (Lahmida), Germany (Kahlleite) and Uzbekistan (Novchomok), for which Hg concentrations were determined by both methods in the same samples. Despite some differences, especially at low Hg concentrations, both analytical methods reveal the same 12 extraordinarily enriched samples in excess of 1 ppm (with one exception; the determination error is <20%), as well as similar overall chemostratigraphic patterns characterized by a few prominent Hg spikes, with a top value of 5.8 ppm. The Hg concentrations determined by ICP-MS and AAS are significantly correlated, as high as r = 0.98 (Novchomok), even if the first method reveals a general tendency toward slightly heightened values (by ~ 15 to 30% for medians). Therefore, ICP-MS results can conclusively be used in mercury chemostratigraphy in order to recognize extraordinary volcanic (or other) signals, at least in the Devonian geological record. False Hg anomalies were not generated by these conventional ICP-MS determinations. © 2018, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85047823298,

title = {Mercury enrichments and the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis: A volcanic trigger proved?},

author = { G. Racki and M. Rakociński and L. Marynowski and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85047823298&doi=10.1130%2fG40233.1&partnerID=40&md5=63e78531d000adffba52e62fdc2e45b6},

doi = {10.1130/G40233.1},

issn = {00917613},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {46},

number = {6},

pages = {543-546},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) global event, one of the five largest biotic crises of the Phanerozoic, has been inconclusively linked to rapid climatic perturbations promoted in turn by volcanic cataclysm, especially in the Viluy large igneous province (LIP) of Siberia. Conversely, the triggers of four other Phanerozoic mass extinction intervals have decisively been linked to LIPs, owing to documented mercury anomalies, shown as the diagnostic proxy. Here, we report multiple Hg enrichments in the two-step late Frasnian (Kellwasser) crisis interval from paleogeographically distant successions in Morocco, Germany, and northern Russia. The distinguishing signal, > 1 ppm Hg in the domain of closing Rheic Ocean, was identified in different lithologies immediately below the F-F boundary and approximately correlated with the onset of the main extinction pulse. This key Hg anomaly, comparable only with an extreme spike known from the end-Ordovician extinction, was not controlled by increased bioproductivity in an anoxic setting. We suggest, therefore, that the global chemostratigraphic pattern near the F-F boundary records a greatly increased worldwide Hg input, controlled by the Center Hill eruptive pulse of the Eovariscan volcanic acme, but likely not manifested exclusively by LIP(s). Consequently, all five major biotic crises of the Phanerozoic have now been more reliably linked to volcanic cataclysms. © 2018 Geological Society of America.},

note = {83},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85030114808,

title = {Vladimir P. Amalitsky and Dmitry N. Sobolev-late nineteenth/early twentieth century pioneers of modern concepts of palaeobiogeography, biosphere evolution and mass extinctions},

author = { E.A. Jagt-Yazykova and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030114808&doi=10.2017%2fv40i3%2f017022&partnerID=40&md5=89bd9b22b2aebc684ac9b2e9ef59b3dc},

doi = {10.2017/v40i3/017022},

issn = {07053797},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Episodes},

volume = {40},

number = {3},

pages = {189-199},

publisher = {International Union of Geological Sciences},

abstract = {The great palaeontological achievements of the Russian scientists Amalitsky and Sobolev, who worked in Russia and Poland at the turn of nineteenth and twentieth centuries, have previously been outlined in detail. However, their original and surprisingly modern concepts of the development of life on earth have received far less attention. Amalitsky was one of the first scholars who considered the intimate relationship between floral and faunal evolution and the interdependence between a developing biosphere and geological processes. In fact, he documented, for the first time, the existence of a single palaeobiogeographical province during the Permian Period, which we now refer to as the supercontinent Pangaea. In 1896, Amalitsky's main idea was that there were extended periods of gradual change in topography and biosphere of the earth, but that it was orogenic activity that had a marked impact on biotic crises. His pupil at Warsaw University, Sobolev, followed up on his work, and in fact came up with the theory of neocatastrophism in 1928. Thus, Amalitsky's model predates the concept of cyclic evolution of the biosphere in dependence on orogenic cycles, with a prime role for volcanism, which is currently well known as the "volcanic greenhouse". Sobolev also recognised four main mass extinctions, i.e., the late Ordovician, the late Devonian, the late Triassic and the Cretaceous/Paleogene ones, but somehow he 'missed out on' the end-Permian catastrophe.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85118874371,

title = {Vladimir P. Amalitsky and Dmitry N. Sobolev - late nineteenth/ early twentieth century pioneers of modern concepts of palaeobiogeography, biosphere evolution and mass extinctions},

author = { E.A. Jagt-Yazykova and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118874371&doi=10.18814%2fepiiugs%2f2017%2fv40i3%2f017022&partnerID=40&md5=647c59b03c883b4a562ee42893d60957},

doi = {10.18814/epiiugs/2017/v40i3/017022},

issn = {07053797},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Episodes},

volume = {40},

number = {3},

pages = {189-199},

publisher = {International Union of Geological Sciences},

abstract = {The great palaeontological achievements of the Russian scientists Amalitsky and Sobolev, who worked in Russia and Poland at the turn of nineteenth and twentieth centuries, have previously been outlined in detail. However, their original and surprisingly modern concepts of the development of life on earth have received far less attention. Amalitsky was one of the first scholars who considered the intimate relationship between floral and faunal evolution and the interdependence between a developing biosphere and geological processes. In fact, he documented, for the first time, the existence of a single palaeobiogeographical province during the Permian Period, which we now refer to as the supercontinent Pangaea. In 1896, Amalitsky's main idea was that there were extended periods of gradual change in topography and biosphere of the earth, but that it was orogenic activity that had a marked impact on biotic crises. His pupil at Warsaw University, Sobolev, followed up on his work, and in fact came up with the theory of neocatastrophism in 1928. Thus, Amalitsky's model predates the concept of cyclic evolution of the biosphere in dependence on orogenic cycles, with a prime role for volcanism, which is currently well known as the "volcanic greenhouse". Sobolev also recognised four main mass extinctions, i.e., the late Ordovician, the late Devonian, the late Triassic and the Cretaceous/Paleogene ones, but somehow he 'missed out on' the end-Permian catastrophe. © 2017 International Union of Geological Sciences. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85024867834,

title = {The website presenting the bone-bearing Keuper of Upper Silesia, based on the research results of the grant N307 11703 [Portal prezentujący kościonośny kajper Górnego Śląska w świetle wyników grantu N307 11703]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85024867834&partnerID=40&md5=3ca4a7d06d04a4867b206898b8c9372c},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {65},

number = {5},

pages = {275-281},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {The major goal of the project "The evolution of terrestrial environments of the Upper Silesian Keuper as biotopes of vertebrates", granted for Grzegorz Racki by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (2009-2013), was an exhaustive, integrated study of the bone-enriched middle Keuper interval in terms of stratigraphy, sedimentology, mineralogy and geochemistry. The new website "Bone-bearing Keuper of the Upper Silesia, southern Poland" (http://www.ing.pan.pl/Keuper/Bone-bearing-Keuper-l.htm)presents in English the results of this project. The significant achievements are only a starting point to a comprehensive presentation of the complex Keuper themes, jointly with an extensive repository of regional literature (above 420full-texted publications since 1790). In addition, the main results of the grant, as well as diversity of their implications forfuture studies are summarized herein, with emphasis on controversial geochronological aspects in vertebrate paleontology (how many bone-rich levels?), and in a broad historical context.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85024859435,

title = {Comment on "an early Late Triassic long-necked reptile with a bony pectoral shield and gracile appendages" by Jerzy Dzik and Tomasz Sulej},

author = { J. Szulc and G. Racki and A. Bodzioch},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85024859435&doi=10.4202%2fapp.00352.2017&partnerID=40&md5=9664b1fd49827e55fc4761dee6cf69aa},

doi = {10.4202/app.00352.2017},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {62},

pages = {287-288},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85020838267,

title = {Methodological uniformitarianism of Hugo Kołłataj: An unknown Polish precursor of the Lyellian geological paradigm},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020838267&doi=10.1144%2fSP442.29&partnerID=40&md5=91ac4f4114d288442d29dcd04fdb4033},

doi = {10.1144/SP442.29},

issn = {03058719},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Geological Society Special Publication},

volume = {442},

number = {1},

pages = {81-91},

publisher = {Geological Society of London},

abstract = {The overlooked geological ideas of Hugo Kołłataj (1750-1812), who was well known as a progressive Polish Enlightenment statesman and Catholic writer, are presented. Following the Kościuszko insurrection, he was imprisoned in Olomouc from 1795 to 1802. While there he wrote a great treatise (probably finished in 1807) on the natural setting of the prehistory of the people in Polish territories. More than half of his voluminous manuscript dealt with the history of the Earth. Unfortunately, this monumental work in three volumes was only published in Polish in 1842. This comprehensively heuristic discourse presents a truly intellectual apogee of 'the Heroic Age of Geology'. Kołłataj advocated a continuous, step-by-step investigation of natural processes in terms of their contemporary actions, and considered them extensively in reference to permanent physical laws in geological history, although essentially in connection to Noah's Deluge. Kołłataj clearly proposed the in-depth inductive actualistic analysis of geological processes, but combined it with some elements of the non-gradualistic model (spasmodic sedimentation), as key to the proper understanding of the Earth and the history of the biosphere and mankind. Consequently, he distinctly pioneered the commonly celebrated methodological uniformitarian approach, as proposed by Charles Lyell in the 1830s. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84984668594,

title = {Brachiopods and stratigraphy of the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) succession of the Radlin Syncline (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)},

author = { A. Baliński and G. Racki and A.T. Halamski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84984668594&doi=10.1515%2fagp-2016-0007&partnerID=40&md5=a1a483ec01591b8539870f756034ea7d},

doi = {10.1515/agp-2016-0007},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {66},

number = {2},

pages = {125-174},

publisher = {Wydawnictwo Naukowe INVIT},

abstract = {The lower part of the Frasnian succession in the Radlin Syncline (KielceLagów Synclinorium; southern region of the Holy Cross Mountains), in the two studied successions: Józefka at Górno and (for the first time) Radlin, consists of the rhythmic marly Szydlówek Beds, the fossil-rich limestones of the Wietrznia Beds (locally) and the atypically developed, calcareous Kostomloty Beds. The carbon isotope chemostratigraphic pattern overall corresponds well to the global EarlyMiddle Frasnian biogeochemical perturbation, even if the major punctata positive excursion is only fragmentarily recorded in the Kostomloty intrashelf basin. Two brachiopod assemblages are abundantly represented in both sections: the Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus Assemblage, typical of the Szydlówek Beds, and the Biernatella lentiformis Assemblage, limited to the middle part of the Wietrznia Beds. Both are highly dominated by the index species. Twenty nine lower Frasnian brachiopod species (Craniida-1 species; Strophomenida-1; Productida-2; Protorthida-1; Orthida-5; Pentamerida-1; Rhynchonellida-4; Atrypida-4; Athyridida-3; Spiriferida-4; Spiriferinida-3) are described from the Szydlówek and Wietrznia Beds. Seven new species are introduced: Skenidioides cretus Halamski sp. nov., Biernatium minus Baliński sp. nov., Monelasmina montisjosephi Baliński sp. nov., Atryparia (Costatrypa) agricolae Halamski and Baliński sp. nov., Davidsonia enmerkaris Halamski sp. nov., Leptathyris gornensis Baliński sp. nov., and Echinocoelia parva Baliński sp. nov. Davidsonia enmerkaris Halamski sp. nov. is intermediate between Davidsonia Bouchard-Chantereaux, 1849 and Rugodavidsonia Copper, 1996 and is the youngest known representative of the suborder Davidsonioidea Copper, 1996. Skenidioides cretus Halamski sp. nov. is the last representative of the genus. Statistical investigation of a large sample of Spinatrypina (Exatrypa) explanata did not confirm the existence of two dimorphic forms, coarse- and fine-ribbed. The high-diversity Biernatella lentiformis Assemblage is quite dissimilar to coeval brachiopod assemblages described heretofore from the Holy Cross Mountains region. It is interpreted as consisting of mostly parautochthonous dwellers of deep-slope muddy habitats and a local, occasionally storm-agitated, intra-basin brachiopod-crinoid-coral shoal. The fauna was adapted probably to cooler and nutrient-poor waters during an initial phase of the severe carbon cycle perturbation. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84960341722,

title = {The Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian Event in South China - Patterns and causes of extinctions, sea level changes, and isotope variations},

author = { X.P. Ma and Y. Gong and D. Chen and G. Racki and X. Chen and W. Liao},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84960341722&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2015.10.047&partnerID=40&md5=eb73985057cb2b377dc3941a693081ce},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.10.047},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {448},

pages = {224-244},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) event may be recognized in various facies areas in South China. In the pelagic cherty basin facies, both Lower and Upper Kellwasser events can seemingly be recognized. In the deeper water carbonate facies, the F-F event level is well controlled in light of conodont biostratigraphy. In the shallow water carbonate and mixed carbonate-shale facies, the F-F boundary may be defined by clear taxonomic distinction in benthic fossils (articulate brachiopods and corals) as well as evidence from minor pelagic fossils. Post-extinction recovery rate of benthic organisms differs in different facies settings and different taxonomic groups. In open shallow water platform to inter-platform depression areas, brachiopods seem to recover quickly, probably in the Middle Pa. triangularis Zone; benthic ostracodes seem to recover at a later stage; recovery of rugose corals did not happen until the uppermost Famennian. Three steps of the F-F mass extinction are postulated: 1) extinction of diverse brachiopods (including most atrypids); 2) extinction of pelagic conodonts; 3) extinction of both benthic faunas (very abundant and diverse rugose corals and ostracodes) and pelagic conodonts. Evidence of an end-Frasnian regression in South China is clear, particularly in shallow water settings. However, in deeper water settings, the picture is complicated, with evidence of both sea level rise and fall in the latest Frasnian. It may be assumed from overall data so far known that crustal evolution itself and associated multiple volcanic/hydrothermal activities may have mainly caused frequent and rapid climatically warming-cooling alterations and sea level changes as well as marine ecologic collapse (eutrophication, microbial blooming, seawater acidification, and anoxia), which may explain the F-F extinction pattern in South China. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {64},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84978877391,

title = {Influential Polish publications in sedimentary geology 1996-2016},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84978877391&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1298&partnerID=40&md5=61152b1489b2652d60532335fc0028ff},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1298},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {60},

number = {2},

pages = {537-546},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {The list of thirty highest cited recent Polish publications (after 1995) on diverse themes resulted from study of sedimentary rocks, usually referred as sedimentary geology, is presented. The progressively successful fields in Polish sedimentary research over the past 20 years include in first order large-scale palaeogeographic and lithofacies analyses in a broad geotectonic framework (by Golonka), and also tectonic-regional aspects of basin analysis, developed by several research groups in Cracow, Warsaw and Wroclaw, in agreement with one of the leading research frontier in global science. Ecological and integrative stratigraphic-event characteristics of sedimentary successions are another well-known Polish areas of expertise, the best exemplified by flysch ichnology (Uchman) and Devonian studies at University of Silesia. Sedimentary geochemistry is still in infancy in Poland, despite a big progress in last years (in particular organic topics - Marynowski). The dominance of Cracow geological school is obvious, rooted in a long-lasting tradition of mostly Carpathian studies at Jagiellonian University since XIX century, even if the sedimentary research is well-advanced in many other institutions in Poland as well. For example, a newly emerging Polish specialty in tsunami hazard studies (Szczuciński) is notably located at Adam Mickiewicz University. Carpathian and post-PaIeozoic stratigraphic-sedimentological themes were continuously the most popular, while an evolution toward effective cooperation in mostly international groups (also outside of Poland; especially in Ukraine) appears to be the most significant tendency in modern Polish geosciences. © 2016, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84949256966,

title = {Microbialites in the shallow-water marine environments of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) in the aftermath of the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis},

author = { M. Rakociński and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84949256966&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2015.12.001&partnerID=40&md5=c071df0a30f7cda7fad43f3e70edda71},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.12.001},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {136},

pages = {30-40},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Microbial carbonates, consisting of abundant girvanellid oncoids, are described from cephalopod-crinoid and crinoid-brachiopod coquinas (rudstones) occurring in the lowermost Famennian of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. A Girvanella-bearing horizon (consist with numerous girvanellid oncoids) has been recognised at the Psie Górki section, and represents the northern slope succession of the drowned Dyminy Reef. This occurrence of microbialites in the aftermath of the Frasnian-Famennian event is interpreted as the result of opportunistic cyanobacteria blooms, which, as 'disaster forms', colonised empty shallow-water ecological niches during the survival phase following the Frasnian metazoan reef collapse, due to collapsed activity of epifaunal, grazing, and/or burrowing animals. The anachronistic lithofacies at Psie Górki is linked with catastrophic mass mortality of the cephalopod and crinoid-brachiopod communities during the heavy storm events. This mass occurrence of girvanellid oncoids, along with Frutexites-like microbial shrubs and, at least partly, common micritisation of some skeletal grains, records an overall increase in microbial activity in eutrophic normal marine environments. Microbial communities in the Holy Cross Mountains are not very diverse, being mainly represented by girvanellid oncoids, and stand in contrast to the very rich microbial communities known from the Guilin area (China), Canning Basin (Australia) and the Timan-northern Ural area (Russia). The association from Poland is similar to more diverse microbial communities represented by oncoids, trombolites and stromatolites, well known from the Canadian Alberta basin. © 2015.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84947442596,

title = {Catastrophism and neocatastrophism versus cosmic hazard: Ager versus Alvarez; Cuvier versus laplace},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84947442596&doi=10.2110%2fpalo.2015.003&partnerID=40&md5=8cb52cb58b0e114348d1058bf7eedd21},

doi = {10.2110/palo.2015.003},

issn = {08831351},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Palaios},

volume = {30},

number = {6},

pages = {432-434},

publisher = {SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84964307392,

title = {Grabowa formation - The basic lithostratigraphic unit of the Upper Silesian Keuper [Formacja grabowska - Podstawowa jednostka litostratygraficzna kajpru Górnego Śląska]},

author = { J. Szulc and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84964307392&partnerID=40&md5=a24c2cbf6d3b4d595820c9899a1edcff},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {63},

number = {2},

pages = {103-113},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Lithostratigraphic division of the Upper Silesian Keuper continental succession belongs to abandoned matters, even if newly-discovered sites with unique vertebrate faunas highlight an increasing request to more precise designation of their stratigraphic setting. As a result of multidisciplinary grant and with a guide use of new borehole sections, a major lithostratigraphic unit is formally proposed for the middle Keuper (i.e.; above the Schilfsandstein; Stuttgart Formation in Stratigraphische Tabelle von Deutschland; 2002), based on previously inaccurately used unit, Grabowa Formation of Bilan (1976). The re-defined Formation of Variegated Mudstones and Carbonates from Grabowa includes Upper Gypsum Beds and Steinmergelkeuper in traditional scheme from Germany (=Weser and Arnstadt Formations), and generally correlates with the Norian stage. Two bone-bearing horizons (Krasiejów and Lisowice) are placed within the unit, which is completely subdivided in three members: Ozimek (mudstone-evaporate), Patoka (marly mudstone-sandstone) and Woźniki (limestone).},

note = {30},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84957932668,

title = {Own (the forerunner of actualistic thoughts) do not know... [Swego (prekursora mys̈li aktualistycznej) nie znacie...]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84957932668&partnerID=40&md5=543131bc59a005f3def4012db644201d},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {63},

number = {10},

pages = {1199-1205},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Along with the recent establishment of the Section of History of Geological Sciences at the Polish Geological Society, attention to the need to worldwide promote the achievements of Polish geologists through publications in English in international journals is highlighted. A prerequisite to this, however, is an in-depth recognition of our achievements in the area of Earth Sciences, particularly from the period of the Enlightenment. In the context, geological notions of Hugo Kołłątaj (1750-1812), well known only as a progressive Enlightenment statesman and Catholic writer, are briefly presented. When he stayed in the Olomouc prison after the Kos̈ciuszko insurrection, he wrote a comprehensive treatise on the natural principles of early history of the mankind in the years 1795-1802, continued until 1809, introductorily scoped on the geological history. Unfortunately, this monumental work, as a three-volume book, was issued in Polish only in 1842. Tins overlooked dissertation, full of innovative thoughts toward a persistent investigation the principles of Nature step by step in her contemporary action, and extensively considered them in reference to permanent physical laws. The original methodological hypothesis stimulated his imagination of Earth history in the context of natural interpretation of the Biblical Deluge, even if the analytical-empiric approach was in some matters a continuation of thoughts of the eminent French naturalist, Georges-Louis Leclerc Buff on. Kołłątaj clearly proposed the in-depth actualistic study of geological processes as a key to Earth history, and, consequently, he in fact distinctly pioneered the methodological uniformitarianism approach of Charles Lyell, successfully developed in the 1830s.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84953398736,

title = {The bone-bearing upper triassic of upper silesia, southern poland: Integrated stratigraphy, facies and events - Introductory remarks},

author = { G. Racki and J. Szulc},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953398736&doi=10.14241%2fasgp.2015.038&partnerID=40&md5=85b40a204f1b47212c4c1ff64d774590},

doi = {10.14241/asgp.2015.038},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {85},

number = {4},

pages = {553-555},

publisher = {Geological Society of Poland},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84953382143,

title = {How many upper triassic bone-bearing levels are there in upper silesia (Southern Poland)? A critical overview of stratigraphy and facies},

author = { J. Szulc and G. Racki and K. Jewuła and J. Środoń},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953382143&doi=10.14241%2fasgp.2015.037&partnerID=40&md5=0302622b765a03f81d79896597a8cc91},

doi = {10.14241/asgp.2015.037},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {85},

number = {4},

pages = {587-626},

publisher = {Geological Society of Poland},

abstract = {At least three widely separated bone-bearing intervals in the Upper Triassic succession of Upper Silesia, ranging in age from the Carnian to Rhaetian (i.e.; in the interval of 25 Ma), are presented in papers by the Warsaw research group, led mainly by Jerzy Dzik and/or Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki. The stratigraphic arguments are reviewed for the vertebrate localities studied so far, in pariicuiar for the well-known middle Keuper sites at Krasiejów and Lipie Ślądde , to show that the previously proposed age as signments are still inadrquately documented and questionable. This unreliability is exemplified by the evolving stratigraphic correlation of the fragmentary Silesian sections (8-18 m thick) with informal subsurface units from central-western Poland and with the German standard succession, ultimately not corroborated by comparison with the composite reference succession of the Upper Silesian Keuper, including new profiles (ca. 260 m thick) from the Wozniki K1 and Patoka 1 wells. Based on a multidisciplinary stratigraphic study covering consistent litho-, bio-, climato-and chemostratigraphic premises, focused on the regional reference section, two bone-bed levels only are recognized in the Patoka Marly Mudstone-Sandstone Member (= Steinmergelkeuper) of the Grabowa Formation, not very different in age (Classopollis meyeriana Palynozone; probably IVb Subzone): (1) the localized Krasiejów bone breccia level (early Norian in age) in the Opole region, and (2) the far more widely distributed Lisowice bone-bearing level (middle Norian) in a vast alluvial plain (braided to anastomosing river system) during the Eo-Cimmerian tectonic-pluvial episode. As a consequence of the principal uncertainties and controversies in Upper Triassic terrestrial stratigraphy, this is still a somewhat preliminary inference. Typical skeletal concentrations of a combined hydraulic/sedimentologic type, related to fluvial processes, are common in the Upper Silesian Fossil-Lagerstätten, although factors governing preservation are probably important, as well. © 2015, Geological Society of Poland. All rights reserved.},

note = {39},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84953378676,

title = {Key aspects of the stratigraphy of the upper silesian middle Keuper, Southern Poland},

author = { J. Szulc and G. Racki and K. Jewuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953378676&doi=10.14241%2fasgp.2015.039&partnerID=40&md5=cfeef3a81527e49e9390ab8d06ed5514},

doi = {10.14241/asgp.2015.039},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {85},

number = {4},

pages = {557-586},

publisher = {Geological Society of Poland},

abstract = {The stratigraphy ofthe Upper Silesian Keuper, a continental, mudstone-dominated succession is poorly known, although the already renowned, newly discovered veterbrate localities highlight the growing demand for a more precise intra-regional correlation and an appropriate stratigraphic reference framework. A major lithostrati-graphic unit, preliminarily proposed for the middle Keuper (i.e.; above the Schilfsandstein; Stuttgart Formation in “Stratigraphische Tabelle von Deutschland”; 2002) by Szulc and Racki (2015; Przegląd Geologiczny; 63: 103113), is described in detail. The redefined Grabowa Variegated Mudstone-Carbonate Formation, the unit pre t viously based on inaccutately presented information, includes the Upper Gypsum Beds and the Steinmergel-keuper in the traditional scheme from Germany (= Weser and Arnstadt formations). Three members are formally defined: the Ozimek (Mudstone-Evaporite) Member, the Patoka (Marly Mudstone-Sandstone) Member and the Woźniki (Limestone) Member. Two significant bone-bearing horizons (Krasiejów and Lisowice) are placed within the Patoka Mbr. The formation thickness in a composite, regional reference section of the Upper Silesian Keuper, based on the new Woźniki K1 and Patoka 1 well profiles, is approximately 215 m thick. The Grabowa Fm generally correlates with the Norian stage, with the base located in the undefined upper Carnian, and is topped by a major, erosive disconformity and sedimentary sequence boundary, near the Norian-Rhaetian boundary. However, hiatuses in the Silesian middle Keuper succession are located and paired with a cannibalistic type of sand-mud flat deposition, largely controlled by Early Cimmertan movements of tectonic blocks associated with the Kraków-Lubliniec shear zone. © 2015, Geological Society of Poland. All rights reserved.},

note = {36},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84918574017,

title = {Comment on the Kaiho et al., paper "A forest fire and soil erosion event during the Late Devonian mass extinction" [Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 392 (2013): 272-280]},

author = { L. Marynowski and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84918574017&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2014.02.027&partnerID=40&md5=8125b7f8cfa9de5fc3bf6ec6ebedb502},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.02.027},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {417},

pages = {569-572},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Kaiho et al. (2013; Palaeogeography; Palaeoclimatology; Palaeoecology 392 (2013): 272-280) interpreted the occurrence of elevated concentrations of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dibenzofuran as indicators of wildfires and enhanced run-off near the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary. We argue that other processes, including weathering or hydrothermal oxidation (not discussed by Kaiho et al.) led to the observed increase in the concentration of these compounds and also changed their distribution. Kaiho et al.'s evidence for soil erosion and eutrophication-induced euxinia is also weak in the case of the investigated Belgian sections. Finally, Kaiho et al. rather unfortunately omitted a great wealth of important data published elsewhere, choosing instead to include only those which support their ideas and interpretations. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84919673584,

title = {Dmitri sobolev and other forgotten forerunners of mass extinction science and volcanic catastrophism},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84919673584&doi=10.4202%2fapp.2014.1004&partnerID=40&md5=a1c9fdfeaba6b612ca01d07e21abefce},

doi = {10.4202/app.2014.1004},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {59},

number = {4},

pages = {1006-1008},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {Some paradigms in the impact-volcanic controversy that we regard as having first been established in the 1980s in fact can be traced much farther back in time, as exemplified by the heuristic neocatastrophic concepts proposed by Dmitri Sobolev and other progressive Russian scholars (Aleksey P. Pavlov; Mikhail A. Usov) of the early 20th century. They were truly conceptual forerunners of the global catastrophe model in Earth history which is now widely accepted as the volcanic/ greenhouse scenario, even if preceding thought-provoking concepts of some leading European scholars (e.g.; Svante Arrhenius; Jacques J. Ėbelmen) were unknown to them. From time to time, scientific society is astonished by the discovery that supposedly modern concepts originated many decades ago. For example, mass extinction themes are still the subject of intense debate in mainstream science, but some paradigms have a beginning that can be traced far back in time. © 2014 G. Racki.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84936777148,

title = {Ernst Julius Öpik's (1916) note on the theory of explosion cratering on the moon's surface-the complex case of a long-overlooked benchmark paper},

author = { G. Racki and C. Koeberl and T. Viik and E.A. Jagt-Yazykova and J.W.M. Jagt},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84936777148&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.12367&partnerID=40&md5=69fcbe5e3fd36127b1c48cae98c9b1d2},

doi = {10.1111/maps.12367},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {49},

number = {10},

pages = {1851-1874},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {High-velocity impact as a common phenomenon in planetary evolution was ignored until well into the twentieth century, mostly because of inadequate understanding of cratering processes. An eight-page note, published in Russian by the young Ernst Julius Öpik, a great Estonian astronomer, was among the key selenological papers, but due to the language barrier, it was barely known and mostly incorrectly cited. This particular paper is here intended to serve as an explanatory supplement to an English translation of Öpik's article, but also to document an early stage in our understanding of cratering. First, we outline the historical-biographical background of this benchmark paper, and second, a comprehensive discussion of its merits is presented, from past and present perspectives alike. In his theoretical research, Öpik analyzed the explosive formation of craters numerically, albeit in a very simple way. For the first time, he approximated relationships among minimal meteorite size, impact energy, and crater diameter; this scaling focused solely on the gravitational energy of excavating the crater (a "useful" working approach). This initial physical model, with a rational mechanical basis, was developed in a series of papers up to 1961. Öpik should certainly be viewed as the founder of the numerical simulation approach in planetary sciences. In addition, the present note also briefly describes Nikolai A. Morozov as a remarkable man, a forgotten Russian scientist and, surprisingly, the true initiator of Öpik's explosive impact theory. In fact, already between 1909 and 1911, Morozov probably was the first to consider conclusively that explosion craters would be circular, bowl-shaped depressions even when formed under different impact angles. © The Meteoritical Society, 2014.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84901338781,

title = {Geochemistry of Early Frasnian (Late Devonian) pyrite-ammonoid level in the Kostomłoty Basin, Poland, and a new proxy parameter for assessing the relative amount of syngenetic and diagenetic pyrite},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and Z.A. Berner and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84901338781&doi=10.1016%2fj.sedgeo.2014.04.009&partnerID=40&md5=deb8a1cdab685d9840364ac44a6d8cf0},

doi = {10.1016/j.sedgeo.2014.04.009},

issn = {00370738},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Sedimentary Geology},

volume = {308},

pages = {18-31},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Pyrite geochemistry (isotope and trace element composition; degree of pyritization; S/Corg ratio) was used in context of selected lithogeochemical parameters (major and trace elements; including sulphur; organic carbon; and δ13C of carbonate carbon) to constrain fluctuations in depositional conditions during the Early to Middle Frasnian carbon isotopic perturbation (punctata Event) in the Kostomłoty Basin, Poland. Based on the ratio between the sum of oxyanionic elements and transition metals in pyrite, a new proxy parameter (index of syngenetic pyrite; ISYP) is proposed for assessing the relative amount of syngenetic pyrite in a sample. The distribution of the ISYP along the Kostomłoty - Małe Górki section (upper Szydłówek to the basal Kostomłoty beds) is in concert with conclusions inferred from paleoecologic data and other geochemical parameters (degree of pyritization; S/Corg; δ34Spyrite). According to these, the lower segment of the Szydłówek Beds was deposited in a normally oxygenated environment, but undergoing increasing primary productivity in surface water, as indicated by an increase in δ13Ccarb and in Cu/Zr ratio in bulk rock, which triggered the periodic deposition of sediments slightly enriched in organic matter, notably within the pyrite-ammonoid level (=Goniatite Level). Fluctuating, but in general high S/Corg ratios, DOPR values and ISYP values suggest that during this time - against the background of a generally dysoxic environment - shorter or longer lasting episodes of more restricted (anoxic and possibly even euxinic) bottom water conditions developed. Low sedimentation rates enabled a continuous and practically unlimited supply of sulphate during bacterial sulphate reduction (BSR), which in turn led to a strong depletion of pyrite sulphur in 34S in this interval (constantly around -29‰). In contrast, below and above the Goniatite Level, higher δ34S values (up to +3‰), are compatible with closed system conditions and higher sedimentation rates. The Styliolina Horizon is distinguished by the overall highest portion of syngenetic pyrite, which suggests that in this marker layer most of the pyrite precipitated from euxinic bottom waters. © 2014.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84904004287,

title = {Competitions for grants of the National Science Centre - With the expert's eye [Konkursy na granty Narodowego Centrum Nauki - Okiem eksperta]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84904004287&partnerID=40&md5=0318551ff15cf2e81dc1b3863bff9d3d},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {62},

number = {6},

pages = {278-281},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84898831707,

title = {High-precision U-Pb age and duration of the latest devonian (Famennian) hangenberg event, and its implications},

author = { P.M. Myrow and J. Ramezani and A.E. Hanson and S.A. Bowring and G. Racki and M. Rakociński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84898831707&doi=10.1111%2fter.12090&partnerID=40&md5=1281397033226ec36b000bed757f1641},

doi = {10.1111/ter.12090},

issn = {09544879},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Terra Nova},

volume = {26},

number = {3},

pages = {222-229},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Precise U-Pb zircon dates from three volcanic ash beds that bracket the Hangenberg Shale in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, constrain the age and duration of one of the most significant palaeobiological events of the Palaeozoic Era, the Hangenberg Event. It is linked to a terminal Devonian global shift from greenhouse to icehouse climate conditions, a global transgression, and widespread black shale deposition. Our results constrain the Hangenberg Event to between 358.97 ± 0.11 Ma and 358.89 ± 0.20 Ma, with a calculated duration of 0.05 +0.14/-0.05 Ma. A third, underlying ash bed yielded a distinctly older age of 359.97 ± 0.46 Ma. The duration of ~50-100 ka. for the event is comparable to those of Quaternary glaciations, and is consistent with both a glacio-eustatic origin for the eustatic fluctuations and changes in ocean chemistry that led to this major reorganization of the biosphere. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

note = {54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84877593917,

title = {Large sulphur isotopic perturbations and oceanic changes during the Frasnian-Famennian transition of the Late Devonian},

author = { D. Chen and J. Wang and G. Racki and H. Li and C.Y. Wang and X.P. Ma and M.T. Whalen},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84877593917&doi=10.1144%2fjgs2012-037&partnerID=40&md5=eb31210686990f0460bb6b9d6da10ffa},

doi = {10.1144/jgs2012-037},

issn = {00167649},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Geological Society},

volume = {170},

number = {3},

pages = {465-476},

abstract = {The Frasnian-Famennian transition of the Late Devonian was one of the most critical intervals in the Phanerozoic. Sulphur isotopic pairs of carbonate-associated sulphate and pyrite sulphide from coeval sections in South China and Poland reveal frequent perturbations of sulphur cycling during this time interval. These data suggest a sudden oceanic overturn during a rapid sea-level fall probably induced by jerky block tilting in the latest Frasnian. This event was followed by long-lasting photic-zone euxinia during a rapid sea-level rise in the earliest Famennian. Large increases in continental nutrient fluxes, and subsequent primary productivity and organic burial, could have greatly enhanced bacterial sulphate reduction, producing excessive sulphide through the water columns owing to iron depletion. Subsequently, rapid ventilation of oceanic basins occurred, during which direct aerobic oxidation of sulphide into sulphate predominated in bottom waters and even surface sediments with minimal fractionation. This oxygenation was probably induced by intensive climatic cooling and/or large-scale sea-level fall. The temporal coincidence of two extinction phases with the oceanic overturn and succeeding photic-zone euxinia suggests that these extreme oceanic events played an important role in the severe biotic crisis. Furthermore, photic-zone euxinia coupled with subsequent climatic cooling may have delayed post-extinction recovery of some taxa. © 2013 The Geological Society of London.},

note = {61},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84875671649,

title = {Comparative oxygen and carbon isotopic records of miocene and recent lacustrine unionid bivalves from Poland},

author = { B. Błazejowski and G. Racki and P. Gieszcz and K. Małkowski and A. Kin and K. Krzywiecka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84875671649&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1072&partnerID=40&md5=fdff19bfe5ab68c18dea4e71e0dbf2d9},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1072},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {57},

number = {1},

pages = {113-122},

abstract = {The δ13C and δ18O isotope data from both fossil (Miocene) and modern fresh water bi valve shells of family Unionidae from Poland (species Margaritifera flabellatiformis and Unio tumidus; respectively) show a similar, truncated sinusoidal pattern. The isotopic profiles of the shells are visibly marked by three growth stages, linked with a progressive loss of environmental record be cause of declining intra-annual biocarbonate accretion rate. The juvenile and gerontic phases exhibit generally more positive and stable (plateau) isotopic pattern than the mid-age stage. An increasing δ13C trend is typial for the final life stage, likely influenced by nutrient over loading, reversing the tendency to wards 13C depletion through out the individual's life induced by metabolic processes. Due to the progressive loss of environmental signals through ontogeny, these initial and final isotopic profile segments probably correspond to, respectively, an instant signature of the first season growth, and a multiyear value set of summer maxima during geriatric stage. Vague seasonal cyclic record is the striking feature of the mid-age δ18O and δ13C pro file slices. In case of low-amplitude δ18O curve, this is probably promoted by a sensitivity of the lake eco system to many dynamic intra-annual factors affecting water bud get balance. This consistent signature mode seems to be typical for lake-dwelling unionid shells at least since Miocene from different climatic zones, as con firmed by coeval lacus trine low-latitude mussels from Amazonia. Thus, this isotope record is relevant to obtain information on the habitat and life cycle of the fossil fresh water bi valves, as well as could help to understand modern environ mental change.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84873721595,

title = {The astronomical rhythm of Late-Devonian climate change (Kowala section, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)},

author = { D. De Vleeschouwer and M. Rakociński and G. Racki and D.P.G. Bond and K. Sobień and P. Claeys},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84873721595&doi=10.1016%2fj.epsl.2013.01.016&partnerID=40&md5=4bd52445374a61ae6cf9e467df092fcb},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.016},

issn = {0012821X},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {365},

pages = {25-37},

abstract = {Rhythmical alternations between limestone and shales or marls characterize the famous Kowala section, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Two intervals of this section were studied for evidence of orbital cyclostratigraphy. The oldest interval spans the Frasnian-Famennian boundary, deposited under one of the hottest greenhouse climates of the Phanerozoic. The youngest interval encompasses the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundary, a pivotal moment in Earth's climatic history that saw a transition from greenhouse to icehouse. For the Frasnian-Famennian sequence, lithological variations are consistent with 405-kyr and 100-kyr eccentricity forcing and a cyclostratigraphic floating time-scale is presented. The interpretation of observed lithological rhythms as eccentricity cycles is confirmed by amplitude modulation patterns in agreement with astronomical theory and by the recognition of precession cycles in high-resolution stable isotope records. The resulting relative time-scale suggests that ~800kyr separate the Lower and Upper Kellwasser Events (LKE and UKE; respectively), two periods of anoxia that culminated in massive biodiversity loss at the end of the Frasnian. Th/U and pyrite framboid analyses indicate that during the UKE, oxygen levels remained low for 400kyr and δ13Corg measurements demonstrate that more than 600kyr elapsed before the carbon cycle reached a steady state after a +3‰ UKE excursion. The Famennian-Tournaisian (D-C) interval also reveals eccentricity and precession-related lithological variations. Precession-related alternations clearly demonstrate grouping into 100-kyr bundles. The Famennian part of this interval is characterized by several distinctive anoxic black shales, including the Annulata, Dasberg and Hangenberg shales. Our high-resolution cyclostratigraphic framework indicates that those shales were deposited at 2.2 and 2.4Myr intervals respectively. These durations strongly suggest a link between the long-period (~2.4Myr) eccentricity cycle and the development of the Annulata, Dasberg and Hangenberg anoxic shales. It is assumed that these black shales form under transgressive conditions, when extremely high eccentricity promoted the collapse of small continental ice-sheets at the most austral latitudes of western Gondwana. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {100},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84868530855,

title = {Isotopic chemostratigraphy across the Early-Middle Frasnian transition (Late Devonian) on the South Polish carbonate shelf: A reference for the global punctata Event},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84868530855&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemgeo.2012.10.034&partnerID=40&md5=ed3ee13ac3d40547eb06eb8e779cf51c},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.034},

issn = {00092541},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {334},

pages = {199-220},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The coupled high-resolution carbon isotope data from whole-rock limestone and organic matter samples of the transitans (Early Frasnian), punctata and the earliest hassi Zones (Middle Frasnian) from the South Polish carbonate shelf successions reveal the presence of a large, multi-part δ13C excursion, one of the largest known carbon cycle disturbance of Devonian period. This Early-Middle Frasnian (E-MF) δ13C perturbation consists of two positive excursions (a minor event I and a major event III) and two negative shifts (events II and IV). The major positive excursion, up to 5%, begins near the E-MF boundary and the onset of Middlesex transgressive-anoxic event. The latter broader-scale positive δ13C perturbation correlates with the worldwide punctata Event documented across eastern and western Laurussia as well as northern Gondwana. The large magnitude of the punctata Isotopic Event, paired with negligible biotic effects, is similar to the Silurian biogeochemical perturbations but contrasts markedly with the younger Kellwasser Events. The distinctive protracted (about 1Ma) E-MF δ13C variations may be only partly explained by escalated sea water exchange between epeiric seas and the anoxic open ocean during successive transgressive pulses. Very high δ13C plateau values of the punctata Event correspond to a positive 87Sr/86Sr shift, as well as elevated clastic input proxies and magnetic susceptibility, suggesting altogether that delivery of tectonically-promoted land-derived nutrients to marine basins was a key factor stimulating the biogeochemical perturbation. Extreme increases in primary productivity and enhanced organic matter burial in restricted deeper basinal settings would promote a gradual drawdown in surface-water as well as atmospheric pCO2, and consequently a climatic cooling by 5°C, as indicated by the high-resolution δ18Ophosphate record. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84871598805,

title = {Faunal dynamics across the silurian-devonian positive isotope excursions (δ13C, δ18O) in Podolia, Ukraine: Comparative analysis of the ireviken and klonk events},

author = { G. Racki and A. Baliński and R. Wrona and K. Małkowski and D. Drygant and H. Szaniawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871598805&doi=10.4202%2fapp.2011.0206&partnerID=40&md5=5b6b120d800b8485f864f1df4143753a},

doi = {10.4202/app.2011.0206},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {57},

number = {4},

pages = {795-832},

abstract = {Two global isotopic events, the early Sheinwoodian (early Wenlock) and that at the Silurian-Devonian transition, have been comprehensively studied in representative carbonate successions at Kytayhorod and Dnistrove, respectively, in Podolia, Ukraine, to compare geochemistry and biotic changes related correspondingly to the Ireviken and Klonk events. These two large-scale isotope excursions reveal different regional ecosystem tendencies. The well-defined increasing trend across the Llandovery-Wenlock boundary in siliciclastic input, redox states and, supposedly, bioproductivity, was without strict correlative relations to the major 13C enrichment event. The environmental and biotic evolution was forced by eustatic sea-level fluctuations and two-step climate change toward a glaciation episode, but strongly modified by regional epeirogeny movements due to location near the mobile Teisseyre-TÖrnquist Fault Zone. Thus, the global early Sheinwoodian biogeochemical perturbation was of minor depositional significance in this epeiric sea, as in many other Laurussian domains. Conversely, the Podolian sedimentary record of the Klonk Event exhibits temporal links to the abrupt δ13C anomaly, overprinted by a tectonically driven deepening pulse in the crucial S-D boundary interval. This carbon cycling turnover was reflected in the regional carbonate crisis and cooling episodes, paired with a tendency towards eutrophication and recurrent oxygen deficiency, but also with major storms and possible upwelling. Faunal responses in both Podolian sections follow some characters of the Silurian pattern worldwide, as manifested by conodont changeover prior to the major early Sheinwoodian isotopic/climatic anomaly. This contrasts with the relative brachiopod and chitinozoan resistances in the course of the Ireviken Event. Also, during the Klonk Event, a moderate faunal turnover, both in benthic and pelagic groups, occurred only near the very beginning of the prolonged 13C-enriched timespan across the system boundary, possibly due to progressive dysoxia and temperature drop. The characters point to a peculiarity of the Klonk Event by comparison with the Silurian global events, and some similarity already to the succeeding Devonian transgressive/anoxic episodes. Copyright © 2012.},

note = {48},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84871598408,

title = {The alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871598408&doi=10.4202%2fapp.2011.0058&partnerID=40&md5=c9fdef85af36410a4a7b96a850719c35},

doi = {10.4202/app.2011.0058},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {57},

number = {4},

pages = {681-702},

abstract = {For the past three decades, the Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction, causally related to catastrophic meteorite impacts, has been recurrently applied to multiple extinction boundaries. However, these multidisciplinary research efforts across the globe have been largely unsuccessful to date, with one outstanding exception: the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The unicausal impact scenario as a leading explanation, when applied to the complex fossil record, has resulted in force-fitting of data and interpretations ("great expectations syndrome". The misunderstandings can be grouped at three successive levels of the testing process; and involve the unreflective application of the impact paradigm: (i) factual misidentification; i.e.; an erroneous or indefinite recognition of the extraterrestrial record in sedimentological; physical and geochemical contexts; (ii) correlative misinterpretation of the adequately documented impact signals due to their incorrect dating; and (iii) causal overestimation when the proved impact characteristics are doubtful as a sufficient trigger of a contemporaneous global cosmic catastrophe. Examples of uncritical belief in the simple cause-effect scenario for the Frasnian-Famennian; Permian-Triassic; and Triassic-Jurassic (and the Eifelian-Givetian and Paleocene-Eocene as well) global events include mostly item-1 pitfalls (factual misidentification); with Ir enrichments and shocked minerals frequently misidentified. Therefore; these mass extinctions are still at the first test level; and only the F-F extinction is potentially seen in the context of item-2; the interpretative step; because of the possible causative link with the Siljan Ring crater (53 km in diameter). The erratically recognized cratering signature is often marked by large timing and size uncertainties; and item-3; the advanced causal inference; is in fact limited to clustered impacts that clearly predate major mass extinctions. The multi-impact lag-time pattern is particularly clear in the Late Triassic; when the largest (100 km diameter) Manicouagan crater was possibly concurrent with the end-Carnian extinction (or with the late Norian tetrapod turnover on an alternative time scale). The relatively small crater sizes and cratonic (crystalline rock basement) setting of these two craters further suggest the strongly insufficient extraterrestrial trigger of worldwide environmental traumas. However; to discuss the kill potential of impact events in a more robust fashion; their location and timing; vulnerability factors; especially target geology and palaeogeography in the context of associated climate-active volatile fluxes; should to be rigorously assessed. The current lack of conclusive impact evidence synchronous with most mass extinctions may still be somewhat misleading due to the predicted large set of undiscovered craters; particularly in light of the obscured record of oceanic impact events. Copyright © 2012.},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84871582345,

title = {Palynology and microfacies of lower devonian mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits in Podolia, Ukraine},

author = { P. Filipiak and M. Zatoń and H. Szaniawski and R. Wrona and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871582345&doi=10.4202%2fapp.2011.0184&partnerID=40&md5=3a94396824e88a459834fbe06c7d9310},

doi = {10.4202/app.2011.0184},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {57},

number = {4},

pages = {863-877},

abstract = {Investigation of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic Lower Devonian deposits have been carried out in the Ivanye Zolote and Ustechko sections in Podolia, Ukraine. Based on palynomorph evidence, the age of the samples studied is late Lochkovian, not older than the NM Oppel Miospore Zone, specifically the Si Lineage Zone. The presence of acritarchs and chitinozoans points to dominantly marine depositional conditions. However, a regressive environmental change to-ward more brackish conditions is indicated by a decrease in the taxonomic diversity of acritarchs in the topmost samples, the simultaneous disappearance of chitinozoans, and an increase in leiosphaerid frequency. Furthermore, evolution of limestone microfacies demonstrates a progressive transition from a shrinking marine basin toward a brackish, storm-af-fected muddy lagoon, manifested by recurrent profusion of impoverished, mostly opportunistic and euryhaline shelly benthos (nuculanid bivalves; leperditicopids and other ostracods; terebratulid brachiopods), chaetetid demosponges and diverse ichthyofauna. The association of plant (mainly nematophytes and some tracheids) and animal (eurypterid; ?scor-pion; and possibly other arthropod) remains points to the presence of nearby Early Devonian wetland vegetation, provid-ing food and shelter for various semi-aquatic and other terrestrial arthropods. Copyright © 2012.},

note = {19},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84865292175,

title = {Late Devonian marine anoxia challenged by benthic cyanobacterial mats},

author = { J. Kazmierczak and B. Kremer and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84865292175&doi=10.1111%2fj.1472-4669.2012.00339.x&partnerID=40&md5=05b329f86b2470ea439f9d466077e05c},

doi = {10.1111/j.1472-4669.2012.00339.x},

issn = {14724677},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Geobiology},

volume = {10},

number = {5},

pages = {371-383},

abstract = {Mass occurrence of benthic cyanobacterial mats in a sequence of Late Devonian black shales and bituminous limestones of the Holy Cross Mts. (central Poland), enclosing the famous Kellwasser and Hangenberg extinction horizons, is reported. The microbiota forming the mats is compared with some modern benthic chroococcalean cyanobacteria. Similarly to their extant counterparts, the Devonian cyanobacteria must had been phototrophic and oxygenic aerobes which could, however, tolerate slightly sulfidic conditions characterizing the near-bottom waters of the Late Devonian epicontinental sea. The cyanobacterial mats successfully colonized the oxygen-deficient and H2S-enriched seabed otherwise unfavorable for most other benthic biota. The redox state of this sluggish Late Devonian sea, ascribed previously mostly to anoxic or euxinic conditions, is reassessed as probably pulsating between anoxic, dysoxic, and weakly oxic conditions. The redox state was dependent on the rate of oxygen production by the cyanobacterial mats, the intensity of H2S emissions from the decaying mat biomass, and the rate of planktonic production. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},

note = {44},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84860434040,

title = {Late Devonian sedimentary record of the Paleotethys Ocean - The Mae Sariang section, northwestern Thailand},

author = { P. Königshof and N.M. Savage and P. Lutat and A. Sardsud and J. Dopieralska and Z. Belka and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84860434040&doi=10.1016%2fj.jseaes.2012.03.006&partnerID=40&md5=0a467d4cd1d214e9986c159c63079ce1},

doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.03.006},

issn = {13679120},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Asian Earth Sciences},

volume = {52},

pages = {146-157},

abstract = {An 11. m thick condensed sequence of Late Devonian limestones in northwestern Thailand exhibits faunal associations and sedimentological-/microfacies data which are indicative of a pelagic facies setting. The entire long-ranging section is completely free from clastic input. Similar successions are known worldwide in a few sections only. The Mae Sariang section is characterised by low sedimentation rates as recognised by a number of hardgrounds, neptunian dikes and Fe/Mn crusts. The succession comprises a number of pelagic faunal elements e.g. conodonts, cephalopods and pelagic ostracodes. The fauna records rare macrofossils and the faunal diversity is low. The very condensed section ranges from the Late rhenana to praesulcata conodont biozones, but contains some global events as undoubtedly shown by biostratigraphical and carbon-isotope results (including major Kellwasser and Hangenberg biotic crises). In terms of plate tectonics this important succession most probably belongs to the Inthanon Zone comprising remnants of the Paleotethys Ocean. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {30},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84860460637,

title = {Nd isotopic composition of Late Devonian seawater in western Thailand: Geotectonic implications for the origin of the Sibumasu terrane},

author = { J. Dopieralska and Z. Belka and P. Königshof and G. Racki and N.M. Savage and P. Lutat and A. Sardsud},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84860460637&doi=10.1016%2fj.gr.2012.01.009&partnerID=40&md5=cc5a5895b68fb70fc72c4aaf6b885093},

doi = {10.1016/j.gr.2012.01.009},

issn = {1342937X},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Gondwana Research},

volume = {22},

number = {3-4},

pages = {1102-1109},

publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},

abstract = {Conodonts collected from sections near the small towns of Thong Pha Phum and Mae Sariang in the westernmost part of Thailand are used to reconstruct the neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition of seawater during the Late Devonian. The study provides the first Devonian seawater signatures recognized within the Australian shelf of northeastern Gondwana and the adjacent Paleotethys Ocean. At Thong Pha Phum site, the seawater was characterized by very low εNd values (from -13.1 to -18.2) and very high Sm/Nd ratios (between 0.36 and 0.66). In contrast, the seawater at the Mae Sariang site was characterized by much more radiogenic signatures (εNd values from -8.7 to -11.1) and uniform, low Sm/Nd ratios (between 0.20 and 0.23). Extremely low εNd values recognized at Thong Pha Phum attest to a passive margin continental setting and a paleogeographic position very close to a continental area where Paleoproterozoic and Neoarchean rocks were eroded. Thus, the isotopic data provide strong evidence that during Late Devonian time the Sibumasu terrane was situated in the proximity to the Archean cratons of Western Australia, presumably adjacent to the Carnarvon intracratonic basin. Moreover, Sibumasu may not have been situated in an outboard position on the shelf, as previously suggested, but could have been directly attached to the Australian continental crust. By contrast, low and uniform Sm/Nd ratios of seawater at Mae Sariang resemble those of the Variscan and the present-day oceanic seawaters. Therefore, a pelagic setting within the Paleotethys Ocean is postulated for the Mae Sariang succession. This conclusion is also constrained by minor temporal changes in εNd values and suggests that the Paleozoic of Mae Sariang is not part of the Sibumasu terrane but belongs to the Inthanon Zone. © 2012 International Association for Gondwana Research.},

note = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-82255179111,

title = {Depositional versus ecological control on the conodont distribution in the Lower Frasnian fore-reef facies, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland},

author = { A. Vierek and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-82255179111&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2011.07.032&partnerID=40&md5=8a69568bd279bb002c1de1884ae0313a},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.07.032},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {312},

number = {1-2},

pages = {1-23},

abstract = {Lithofacies and conodont biofacies of reef-slope deposits of the Wietrznia Beds (Lower Frasnian Palmatolepis transitans Zone) were studied in three measured sections at the Wietrznia quarry (Holy Cross Mts. Poland). The diverse reef-derived grained deposits interrupted the background sedimentation that included lime mudstones, deposited largely at 50 to 90. m depths in oxygen-depleted middle slope to toe of slope settings. The mainly storm-controlled proximal gradient is laterally marked by gradual changes from coarse-grained tempestites, represented by flat-pebble conglomerate fabric, to diluted muddy tempestites. The mostly sparse polygnathid and mesotaxid-polygnathid biofacies characterize the hemipelagic facies, whilst polygnathid-ancyrodellid biofacies dominates in the event layers. Three-step taphofacies scheme is proposed, distinguishing settled (parautochthonous), residual (winnowed) and displaced (settled from waning currents and/or transported in sediment-gravity flows) conodont element accumulations. The primary ecological signals are still partly preserved in most of the tempestite-derived assemblages, indicating scarcity of truly residual, lag-like taphofacies. The hydraulic sorting was most effective in the middle-slope setting affected by unidirectional and/or oscillatory flows. Syndepositional mixing was strengthened upslope by an importation of off-reef mesotaxid faunas due to storm surge onto the reef. This reworking pattern as a key factor in biofacies interpretation may be applicable only on a local scale. However, similarly biased conodont signature is probably common in other hurricane-affected carbonate complexes, even if without a disrupting impact on major biofacies belts. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79952788144,

title = {The weathering-modified iridium record of a new Cretaceous-Palaeogene site at Lechówka near Chełm, SE Poland, and its palaeobiologic implications},

author = { G. Racki and M. Machalski and C. Koeberl and M. Harasimiuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79952788144&doi=10.4202%2fapp.2010.0062&partnerID=40&md5=b0860aad8593610dd3b113bac7c6b760},

doi = {10.4202/app.2010.0062},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {56},

number = {1},

pages = {205-215},

abstract = {In the light of integrated biostratigraphic and geochemical data, a complete shallow-marine succession across the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary, with the critical boundary clay coupled with a burrowed siliceous chalk ("opoka" in Polish geological literature), possibly equivalent of the basal Danian Cerithium Limestone in Denmark, has been discovered at Lechówka near Chelm, SE Poland. An extraterrestrial signature marking the K-Pg boundary is confirmed by anomalously high amounts of iridium (up to 9.8 ppb) and other siderophile elements (especially Au and Ni), as well as by an elevated Ir/Au ratio consistent with a chondrite meteoritic composition. The major positive iridium spike surprisingly occurs in Maastrichtian marls, 10 cm below the boundary clay interval, which can be explained by diagenetic mobilisation and re-concentration of the impact-derived components. Thus, intensively infiltrating, humic acid-rich ground waters during the long-lasting Palaeogene weathering in tropical humid regimes were probably responsible not only for the large-scale decalcification of the Lechówka section, but also for both downward displaced position of the iridium enrichment, a dispersed profile of this anomaly and its significantly lessened value, but still approaching an increase by a factor of 100. This modified record of the K-Pg boundary event points to a careful reconsideration of the iridium anomaly as a trustworthy marker for studying the extinction patterns across the K-Pg boundary, as supported by the recent data from New Jersey, USA.},

note = {27},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77953205333,

title = {Proliferation of abnormal palynoflora during the end-devonian biotic crisis},

author = { P. Filipiak and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77953205333&partnerID=40&md5=f01397526c5fa3b521305a775af68211},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {54},

number = {1},

pages = {1-14},

abstract = {The dispersed miospore assemblage of the Retispora lepidophyta-Verrucosisporites nitidus (LN) Zone from the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) is marked by en richment (above 4%) in abnormal spore morphotypes during a terrestrial flora turnover close to the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, recorded just above the Hangenberg Black Shale level. Incomplete and complete tetrads represent mostly Vallatisporites spp., supplemented by Grandispora, Retusotriletes and Apiculiretusispora. Additional peculiar morphotypes, marked by anomalous overall shape and ornamentation, are interpreted as mutated varieties of Vallatisporites based on intermediate morphological stages, connecting them with this well known genus. This relatively high aberrant palynomorph frequency is accompanied by volcanic ash intercalations, as well as by charcoal debris and polycyclic aromatic biomarkers indicative of forest wildfire. Thus, the anomalous spore morphology could reflect the mutagenic effect of regional acidification due to explosive volcanism. However, palynological literature data from NW France and Canada highlight the possibility of a supra-regional mutated miospore signal near the Devonian-Carbon -iferous boundary, and there is need for high-resolution studies of the LN Zone to examine this. The end-Permian scenario of abnormal floral growth in immensely stressed habitats may therefore apply to other potentially volcanically-induced biotic turnovers.},

note = {32},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77951291049,

title = {Evolution of Late Triassic terrestrial environments in the Upper Silesia as vertebrate habitats - A new research project [Ewolucja środowisk la̧dowych kajpru Górnego Śla̧ska jako biotopów krȩgowców - Nowy projekt badawczy]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77951291049&partnerID=40&md5=acbccbbf3b2cdd7d2a0d45d9214b508e},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {58},

number = {2},

pages = {124-126},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77955939440,

title = {Climate changes caused by degassing of sediments during the emplacement of large igneous provinces: Comment},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77955939440&doi=10.1130%2fG30826C.1&partnerID=40&md5=066078a5d694fd813fb55a9420b68280},

doi = {10.1130/G30826C.1},

issn = {00917613},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {38},

number = {6},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-70349816455,

title = {Comment on "Mantle plume: The invisible serial killer - Application to the Permian-Triassic boundary mass extinction", by E. Heydari, N. Arzani and J. Hassanzadeh [Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 264 (2008) 147-162]},

author = { P.B. Wignall and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70349816455&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2009.02.031&partnerID=40&md5=e09d26beb0677e177baf6fd0755e93b7},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.02.031},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {283},

number = {1-2},

pages = {99-101},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {In a recent paper (Heydari; E.; Arzani; N.; Hassanzadeh; J.; 2008. Mantle plume: the invisible serial killer - application to the Permian-Triassic boundary mass extinction. Palaeogeography; Palaeoclimatology; Palaeoecology 264; 147-162) the cause of the end-Permian mass extinction was once again associated with the eruption of the Siberian Traps. However, this work considered the vast outpouring of flood basalts to be an incidental sideshow to the main event: the catastrophic release of huge volumes of methane to the atmosphere. This was attributed to a selection of sources - marine gas hydrates, thermogenic methane and methane from permafrost - that have been proposed by many authors previously. Uniquely, they suggest that the mantle plume (envisaged to have sourced the flood basalts) impinged beneath oceanic crust to the north of the Siberian flood basalts and that feeder dykes in the continental slope to the south heated sediments and released methane. There is no evidence for either of these two new proposed facets to end-Permian volcanism. The paper invokes an "oceanic acid bath" kill mechanism and dismisses claims for ocean anoxia at this time instead suggesting that end-Permian oceans were as well ventilated as those pertaining today. This latter claim simply ignores a vast body of sedimentological, palaeoecological and geochemical evidence for widespread anoxia in ocean and shelf settings at this time. The former claim for ocean acidity is equally suspect and based on the notion that a transition from calcite to aragonite-precipitating seas occurred at the Permian-Triassic boundary. However, previous studies have suggested that this interval occurs within a phase of "aragonite seas" and it is significant that most of the principal contributors to carbonate sediment in the Late Permian (calcareous algae and foraminifera) secreted aragonite. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-70349754546,

title = {Impact factor 2008 of Polish Polar Research the highest ever},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70349754546&doi=10.4202%2fppres.2009.15&partnerID=40&md5=6119bfbc2b15326bec7b55b0eacabb97},

doi = {10.4202/ppres.2009.15},

issn = {01380338},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Polish Polar Research},

volume = {30},

number = {3},

pages = {291-295},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-64949120473,

title = {A global biogeochemical perturbation across the Silurian-Devonian boundary: Ocean-continent-biosphere feedbacks},

author = { K. Małkowski and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-64949120473&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2009.03.010&partnerID=40&md5=f0f147645c44ea6c043e590a52ecf108},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.010},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {276},

number = {1-4},

pages = {244-254},

abstract = {The large-scale global biogeochemical perturbation across the Silurian-Devonian (S-D) boundary, recorded in the major positive excursion of the δ13C time curve (Klonk Event) of an amplitude of 2.5 to 3.0‰ (max. 4.0‰) in Europe and up to 5.0‰ in North America, reflects a unique combination of palaeogeographic, biogeochemical and evolutionary processes in the late Caledonian geodynamic setting. The steady sulfur isotopic ratios show an overall stability of the S-D oceanic geochemical system as a whole and do not indicate any synchronous changes in anoxic deep oceanic and sediment processes. Therefore this led us to a hypothesis that the crucial changes that contributed to the recorded carbon cycling turnover are related to rapidly evolving ocean-continent-biosphere feedback. Coastal zones of the latest Silurian epicontinental seas accumulated considerable quantities of organic carbon from early vascular vegetation, which explosively expanded to inhabit vast near-coastal shallows and deltas. Large primary production of these early terrestrial plants and rapidly enhanced sedimentary burial of organic carbon were also responsible for CO2 drawdown, which have resulted in reversed-greenhouse effect and a global climatic cooling tendency. This feedback was blocked when the sea level gradually dropped and led to shrinking of the Silurian epicontinental seas and the growing climatic deterioration during the S-D transition limited primary production. Furthermore, continued processes of regressive abrasion and erosion limited the storage of organic carbon, as well as the efficiency of the carbonate factory. During the following Early Devonian greenhouse interval, marine regression and active latest Caledonian tectonism promoted progressive weathering of the sedimentary organic matter. The oxidation of C-rich deposits caused the subsequent growth of CO2 levels in the Early Devonian, culminating in the warming of global climate. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {26},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-63449130721,

title = {Rank-normalized journal impact factor as a predictive tool},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-63449130721&doi=10.1007%2fs00005-009-0006-0&partnerID=40&md5=ed664978c73e00dbe8f5e721b238c533},

doi = {10.1007/s00005-009-0006-0},

issn = {0004069X},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis},

volume = {57},

number = {1},

pages = {39-43},

abstract = {Citation data accumulated on articles from the top and bottom 25% of impact factor (IF)-ranked international journals are compared using 59 international geoscience journals from 1998 and 378 Polish geological papers from 1989-1994. There is a minor risk of being uncited when results are published in high-IF periodicals as the average non-citation rate is 0.88% over a10-year period in this not very rapidly developing scientific discipline. Similarly, the established error levels in the prognosis of expected citation success versus failure based on the extreme IF quartiles as an evaluation tool is low (at most 12.5%). Thus the application of the rank-normalized journal IF as a proxy of real citation frequency and, accordingly, as a predictive tool in the a priori qualification of recently published publications is a rational time- and cost-saving alternative (or at least a significant supplement) to traditional informed peer review. Blanket criticism of using IF for decisions in research funding is therefore at least partly exaggerated. © L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 2009.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-70349197656,

title = {Carbon isotope stratigraphy across the Silurian - Devonian transition in Podolia, Ukraine: Evidence for a global biogeochemical perturbation},

author = { K. Małkowski and G. Racki and D. Drygant and H. Szaniawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70349197656&doi=10.1017%2fS0016756809006451&partnerID=40&md5=3e8d9ecd9d5434cebf8c332ebe9534fd},

doi = {10.1017/S0016756809006451},

issn = {00167568},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Geological Magazine},

volume = {146},

number = {5},

pages = {674-689},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {The carbon and oxygen isotope composition of marine carbonates (δ13C and δ18O; respectively) are studied in the fossiliferous, stratigraphically well-constrained and remarkably expanded successions of Podolia, SW Ukraine, spanning the Silurian - Devonian transition. Significant isotopic shifts are directly comparable to previously published global secular trends in well-preserved brachiopod calcite isotopic ratios from this region, and therefore may be taken as a reliable primary record of seawater δ13C changes. The sections reveal a major positive δ13C excursion, with an amplitude above 6 ‰, beginning in the upper Pridoli and reaching peak values as heavy as +4.2 ‰ in the lowermost Lochkovian. This turnover in carbon cycling is followed by a general trend toward more negative δ13C values in the upper Lochkovian. The Podolian isotopic signals provide strong support for the previously inferred global biogeochemical perturbation across the Silurian - Devonian transition, reflecting a complex combination of palaeogeographical, biogeochemical and evolutionary processes in the late Caledonian geodynamic setting, with a likely undervalued role of the expanding vegetation in vast near-coastal shallows and deltas. © 2009 Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009.},

note = {46},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-54849415232,

title = {Facies and geochemistry across the Early-Middle Frasnian transition (Late Devonian) on South China carbonate shelf: Comparison with the Polish reference succession},

author = { X.P. Ma and C.Y. Wang and G. Racki and M. Racka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-54849415232&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2008.04.034&partnerID=40&md5=d9fa8f7a660998f8a8547b067cf9c81b},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.04.034},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {269},

number = {3-4},

pages = {130-151},

abstract = {Dongcun and Longmen are two important reference sections for the study of the Frasnian carbonate platform of Guangxi (southern South China). At the Dongcun section, conodonts recovered in the present study provide a robust biostratigraphic framework for the Lower-Middle Frasnian interval. The studied interval (uppermost Givetian to Middle Frasnian basal Palmatolepis hassi Zone) is characterized by repeated shallower and deeper water deposits, but the cyclic depositional trend was mainly deepening upward. Carbon isotopic investigation of bulk samples recognizes a major, four-step perturbation across the Lower-Middle Frasnian boundary, which is also evident in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). The pattern is reinforced by correlative organic carbon isotopic secular trends from the reference Polish sections: a prominent long-lasting increase in δ13Ccarb up to 4.5‰ (event III) is evident in the Palmatolepis punctata Zone, but is preceded and followed by rapid negative shifts (events II and IV; respectively) to ca. 0‰; a weak incipient positive excursion (event I) is recognized in carbonate carbon only in the upper part of the Palmatolepis transitans Zone. In Chinese sections, different background isotopic values indicate decoupled, isotopically dissimilar, hydrothermally affected and mostly oxygenated water masses over the carbonate shelf, as shown by trace and rare earth elements. The shallower water, upslope, diagenetically unaltered Dongcun succession reveals lighter carbon isotopic ratios, on the order of 2‰, while the less densely sampled and less certainly dated, mostly muddy-siliceous Longmen downslope succession shows δ13Ccarb levels similar to those recorded worldwide. The onset of the bipartite event III is marked by 13C enrichment of 4.3‰ at Dongcun. Event IV, a light carbon excursion, is especially well recorded in the shallow-water facies by a 2.5‰ negative shift. The event I excursion in the transitans Zone is obscured, as in some Polish successions, but is probably recorded in organic carbon trends. Slight differences in timing and magnitude of the δ13Ccarb oscillations may originate from geochemical decoupling between the open ocean and the tectonically active, morphologically differentiated epeiric basins. Nevertheless, a global extent for this major punctata Event is clear from the similar biogeochemical signals recorded on the distantly separated south Laurussian and South China shelves. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {32},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-75749141371,

title = {Chemostratigraphy of Frasnian-Famennian transition: Possibility of methane hydrate dissociation leading to mass extinction},

author = { M.H.M. Gharaie and R. Matsumoto and G. Racki and Y. Kakuwa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-75749141371&doi=10.1130%2f2007.2424%2807%29&partnerID=40&md5=5f5ed446667095b3058ea6bd74820806},

doi = {10.1130/2007.2424(07)},

issn = {00721077},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Special Paper of the Geological Society of America},

volume = {424},

pages = {109-125},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {Various scenarios have been proposed to explain the Late Devonian mass extinction, foremost among which are bolide impact and sea-level fall. We hereby propose a gas hydrate-induced model based on detailed geochemical and sedimentological data. The period of enhanced organic carbon burial in Iran, in south China, and in subpolar Urals corresponds to a brief negative δ13C excursion of 3.5‰ at the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) transition. Prior to this event, oceanic δ13C increased for a period of several million years. However, major perturbations of the carbon geochemical cycle, and corresponding sharp and strong negative spikes of δ13C, which require a large input of isotopic light carbon into the ocean, also characterize the boundary horizons. Oxygen isotope ratios show negative excursions of 1.7‰ in south China and 4.1‰ in subpolar Urals that parallel the negative excursions in δ13C values. Synchronous negative spikes of δ18O are likely to imply a rapid increase of ocean temperature. We propose that the F-F boundary event was ultimately caused by voluminous and abrupt release of methane from marine gas hydrate into the ocean and atmosphere to trigger rapid global warming. Assuming that the total amount of inorganic carbon of the Devonian ocean was 40,000 gigatons (Gt) and δ13C of gas hydrate methane was -80‰, only 2600 Gt carbon from the total amount of 10,000 Gt gas hydrate carbon could have changed the oceanic δ13C values from +1‰ to -3‰, the observed magnitude of the F-F boundary excursion. Therefore only ∼26% of the gas hydrate could have triggered the boundary events. Widespread rift-related, basaltic volcanism along eastern Laurussia and northern Gondwana during the middle Late Devonian is believed to have contributed greatly to the global warming surrounding the F-F boundary, which in turn would have triggered massive dissociation of methane hydrate, especially if paired with intensive igneous and tectonic activity and rapid sea-level fall. © 2007 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33947203165,

title = {Evidence for perturbation of the carbon cycle in the Middle Frasnian punctata Zone (Late Devonian)},

author = { J. Yans and R.M. Corfield and G. Racki and A. Pŕat},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33947203165&doi=10.1017%2fS0016756806003037&partnerID=40&md5=53fe856175c5f63609a93e7b99983be1},

doi = {10.1017/S0016756806003037},

issn = {00167568},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Geological Magazine},

volume = {144},

number = {2},

pages = {263-270},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {New carbon isotopic data from the Devonian of Ardennes (Belgium) and partly from the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) highlight an abrupt and high-amplitude negative excursion in the punctata conodont Zone. Published information from Moravia and China suggests that this Middle Frasnian negative excursion, jointly with the preceding large-scale positive shift, should be used as a global chemostratigraphic marker. Causation scenarios for this negative 'punctata Event' are correlated neither with major biota turnover nor major sea-level changes, but may be related to: (1) the Alamo Impact Event, that led to (2) the massive dissociation of methane hydrates and (3) the rapid onset of global warming. © 2007 Cambridge University Press.},

note = {50},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33751437782,

title = {Conodont-based event stratigraphy of the Early-Middle Frasnian transition on the South Polish carbonate shelf},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and M. Sobstel and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33751437782&partnerID=40&md5=9f04da925e645ecbae71a80fe0f73398},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {51},

number = {4},

pages = {609-646},

abstract = {Early to Middle Frasnian (E-MF) epicontinental sequences are investigated in five representative localities of the Holy Cross Mountains and Cracow region, with emphasis on conodont biostratigraphy, to evaluate the regional stratigraphic and biotic context of a major biogeochemical perturbation in global carbon cycling. Conodont associations from the Palmatolepis transitans to Palmatolepis punctata Zone boundary beds are dominated by the shallow-water polygnathid and ancyrodellid fauna in the South Polish epicontinental successions, and first appearances of index palmatolepid species are delayed due to facies control of pelagic environments during intermittent drowning of the carbonate shelf. Thus, identification of the zonal boundary is based mainly on species of Ancyrodella, and five distinctive ancyrodellid levels in the succession across the E-MF interval enable refined correlation of the sections studied, especially when paired with chemostratigraphic proxies. Prominent conodont biofacies shifts coincided with eustatic deepening, which is correlated with the Timan, Middlesex, and early Rhinestreet events, respectively. Trends in the conodont dynamics, mortality and diversity, partly replicated by the benthic biota (especially shelly faunas and crinoids), indicate that the faunal turnovers correlate also with the main Δ13C excursions and related changes in trophic conditions. The E-MF transitional interval, marked by short-term sea-level fluctuations, is distinguished by a change from relatively diversified biofacies to more homogenous, mostly impoverished faunas. The latter change is a biotic response to the beginning of a prolonged (ca. 0.5 Ma) positive Δ 13C anomaly, probably paired with unsteady eutrophic and partly anoxic regimes. The late Pa. punctata Zone negative carbon isotope anomaly is synchronous with the second large-scale pelagic biofacies remodelling, including mesotaxid extinction. A stabilization of the carbon cycle and its return to normal background values at the start of the Early Palmatolepis hassi Zone coincide with conodont biofacies diversification and recovery of reef-related biofacies. With the exception of collapsed, endemic Kadzielnia-type mud-mound biota and a moderate biodiversity depletion due to overall ecosystem stagnation, no significant extinction events can be demonstrated, even if the large-scale changes in carbon cycling during the E-MF timespan are of higher-amplitude than the celebrated carbon isotopic anomalies related to the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction. Thus, this regional succession in detail confirms that the large-scale punctata Isotopic Event (= Pa. punctata Event) is correlated neither with catastrophic enviromental nor radical biotic changes.},

note = {64},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33751421081,

title = {Conodont ecology in the Early-Middle Frasnian transition on the South Polish carbonate shelf},

author = { M. Sobstel and M. Makowska-Haftka and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33751421081&partnerID=40&md5=c25c62c6ea014ad833d62b33c4d4915a},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {51},

number = {4},

pages = {719-746},

abstract = {Well exposed Early-Middle Frasnian (E-MF; Palmatolepis transitans to Palmatolepis punctata zonal interval) deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains, in particular the reference Wietrznia section at Kielce, were studied in terms of conodont biofacies dynamics. Frequency of the conodont elements has been controlled mostly by depositional rate in hemipelagic muddy lithofacies and post-mortem gravity sorting during lateral redeposition in storm-generated, talus-like and encrinite layers. The conodont assemblages are dominated by a highly varying proportion of polygnathid, icriodontid, and ancyrodellid fauna. Major biofacies turnovers coincided with the deepening pulses corresponding to Timan, Middlesex, and early Rhinestreet global events. Trends in the conodont dynamics, mortality, and diversity point that the biotic shifts also coincide with the large-scale δ13C excursions as a record of changing trophic conditions during the major biogeochemical perturbation. A gradual decline of the Early Frasnian Ancyrodella reef-dwelling community correlates with the minor positive and succeeding larger negative δ13C excursion, and this is paired with a replacement by, mostly sparse, polygnathid and polygnathid-icriodontid biofacies, as well as with a short-term Belodella acme in mud-mounds areas. The distinctive habitat deterioration in pelagic and reef ecosystems is broadly correlative with the Domanik Crisis. The progressive biofacies unification is a conodont response to onset of the prolonged (ca. 0.5 Ma) 13C enrichment, probably linked with high-stress life conditions due to eutrophication and partly anoxic regimes. A negative carbon isotope excursion in the late Pamatolepis punctata Zone is marked by the second major biofacies Mining point during the Rhinestreet transgression, as recorded primarily in a final mesotaxid extinction, and highlighted also by decrease of conodont size and increased mortality of juveniles. After stabilization of δ13C values and a return to the background level across the Palmatolepis punctata-Palmatolepis hassi zonal transition, renewed biofacies diversification, in particular re-appearance of reef-related ancyrodellid fauna, took place. In addition, a large-scale migration event among palmatolepids and polygnathids during sea-level rise, mainly from the East European Platform, characterised this Middle Frasnian interval.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33748689532,

title = {New Devonian and Carboniferous bryozoans of the Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland)},

author = { I.P. Morozova and O.B. Weis and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33748689532&doi=10.1134%2fS0031030106050078&partnerID=40&md5=e707edb7cc6db7f4f1883db23f83be43},

doi = {10.1134/S0031030106050078},

issn = {00310301},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Paleontological Journal},

volume = {40},

number = {5},

pages = {529-540},

abstract = {New bryozoans from the Middle-Upper Devonian (Eifelian-Frasnian) and the Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) of the Holy Cross Mountains in central Poland are described: Bigeyella sparsa gen. et sp. nov., B. separata gen. et sp. nov., Eridopora singula sp. nov., Leptotrypa pulchra sp. nov., Kysylschinipora klarae sp. nov., Coelotubulipora rara sp. nov., Alternifenestella genuina sp. nov., Exfenestella polonica sp. nov., and Rectifenestella localis sp. nov. Some paleogeographic and stratigraphic aspects of the Paleozoic deposits of this region are discussed and main bryozoan localities are described. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc. 2006.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77956784271,

title = {Chapter 2Toward understanding Late Devonian global events: few answers, many questions},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77956784271&doi=10.1016%2fS0920-5446%2805%2980002-0&partnerID=40&md5=e4b449a02ac6cd5c1b885dba21b8945e},

doi = {10.1016/S0920-5446(05)80002-0},

issn = {09205446},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy},

volume = {20},

number = {C},

pages = {5-36},

abstract = {The Late Devonian was an epoch of dramatic evolutionary and environmental changes linked primarily with the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinction. Current data and ideas support a prolonged, multi-causal nature of the biodiversity crisis, which favor Earth-bound mechanisms rather than a global cosmic catastrophe. The better under-standing of the Late Devonian ocean-climate-biosphere system leads to several questions, and provides an agenda for future research. (1) Magnitude and rank of biotic changes: more detailed biodiversity studies are needed to place the end-Frasnian extinction in its Late Devonian context. In particular, the emerging severity of the end-Givetian and end-Famennian extinctions contrasts with the current overemphasis on the stepwise F-F crisis. (2) Timing of the key boundaries: a lack of radioisotopic dates hampers any estimation of true biodiversity dynamics, and the integrated comparison with reported ages of impact craters and magmatic events. (3) Marine vs. terrestrial events: insight into global ecosystem changes and correlation should be strengthened by chemostratigraphy, exemplified by the carbon isotope link between marine- and land-derived organic materials. (4) High-resolution (bio)geochemical patterns: isotope secular trends are poorly known at the intra-zonal and inter-basin scales, exemplified by prominent carbon isotope shifts across the Lower-Middle Frasnian passage. Further evidence is also awaited to verify cooling (vs. anoxia) pulses as the main stress factor in the F-F and end-Famennian marine settings, as well as climatic feedback with evolving weathering regimes on land and nutrient dynamic in marine realm. (5) Near-equatorial vs. high-latitude domains: refined data from extratropical successions, e.g. from the Kolyma Block, are still awaited. (6) Tectonic and volcanic-activity: an integrated analysis of tectonic and igneous events, possibly triggered by superplume activity. will serve to evaluate any possible link with the Late Devonian biospheric perturbations. (7) Cyclostratigraphical perspective: includes growing research on refined magnetosusceptibility (MS) and various sea-level signatures to test whether they result from variation in Milankovitch frequency orbital variability. In addition, eustatic sea-level trends and their assumed glacioeustatic forcing have only recently been subject to discussion. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {154},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77956743329,

title = {Chapter 10 late permian double-phased mass extinction and volcanism: an oceanographic perspective},

author = { G. Racki and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77956743329&doi=10.1016%2fS0920-5446%2805%2980010-X&partnerID=40&md5=472d4629759478fe8a5559f2e41a7479},

doi = {10.1016/S0920-5446(05)80010-X},

issn = {09205446},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy},

volume = {20},

number = {C},

pages = {263-297},

abstract = {The two mass extinctions of the Late Permian, end-Guadalupian and end-Changhsingian events, coincide with intense volcanic paroxysms located both in subpolar and tropical realms. For the Siberian Traps eruptions in particular, thermal destabilization of methane hydrates in extensive bipolar reservoirs initiated catastrophic release of CH4 that may have triggered a subsequent runaway greenhouse culminated through the Permian-Triassic (P-Tr) boundary interval. In addition, increased geothermal heat and volcano-ice interactions since the early Late Permian resulted finally in unusual high-latitude warmth via catastrophic methane release. This combination of factors suggests excessive permafrost melting with a consequent inflow of heated and low-salinity waters. This is postulated to have provoked shutdown of the ocean thermohaline system, and thus to have caused the superanoxic event of the P-Tr boundary timespan, even if many global feedbacks and interactions were acting earlier in concert towards progressive warming and destabilized oceanic circulation and biogeochemical cycling. Both larger than hitherto assumed, Chinese and Siberian volcanic cataclysms are considered as the main driving force of profound P-Tr oceanic stagnation and superanoxia, nutrient stress and bioproductivity crash, in action in the geodynamically activated activity (due to plate boundary reorganization and accelerated rifting processes), fragile ecosystem. This end-Permian crisis acme was recorded in the Late Changhsingian-Griesbachian Chert Gap and overall 'fossilization low' through ∼10 Ma, and the consequent biogeochemical and ecological peculiarities of the 'dead"/survival intervals. In contrast, a specific volcanogenic/tectonoeustatic scenario for the end-Guadalupian crisis may be focused on the Phanerozoic sea-level minimum and/or an extraordinary concomitant uplift of the Gondwana supercontinent. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {71},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-31144456192,

title = {Unique record of Devonian anoxic events in the Kowala Quarry near Kielce (central Poland) [Unikatowy zapis dewońskich zdarzeń beztlenowych w profilu kamieniołomu Kowala k. Kielc]},

author = { P. Filipiak and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-31144456192&partnerID=40&md5=3d24c9828408a34e4f16144d1c7e3005},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {53},

number = {10 I},

pages = {846-847},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-31144448685,

title = {The most popular publications of Przeglad Geologiczny in 1996-2003 (according to the Scopus™ database) [Najbardziej znane publikacje Przegladu Geologicznego z lat 1996-2003 (na podstawie bazy Scopus™]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-31144448685&partnerID=40&md5=cf7d17b915b487d61174bea427f2cff9},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {53},

number = {10 I},

pages = {839-843},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-26444460858,

title = {The pitfals of the "Master" Journal List from the Philadelphia Institute of Scientific Information [Pułapki "Master" Journal List z Filadelfii]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-26444460858&partnerID=40&md5=ea62e3856e46c9511e1e195d8ee4bd94},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {53},

number = {7},

pages = {560-561},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-25144440478,

title = {Annotations to the Devonian Correlation Table, R 220-227 di-ds 05: Devonian of Poland},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-25144440478&doi=10.1007%2fBF03043427&partnerID=40&md5=56652b20d2548c966373b2c1cf821be0},

doi = {10.1007/BF03043427},

issn = {00372110},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Senckenbergiana Lethaea},

volume = {85},

number = {1},

pages = {189-190},

publisher = {E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-21444446550,

title = {"Late Permian" vertebrate tracks from the Tumlin Sandstone of Poland - A commentary on some major implications},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-21444446550&partnerID=40&md5=6d69422bc68593fca30df2c1f2e90387},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {50},

number = {2},

pages = {394-396},

abstract = {The article by Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki (2004) on vertebrate tracks from the well-known Tumlin Sandstone provides important documentation of the unique terrestrial ichnofauna of the Holy Cross Mountains in Poland. However, two of the major conclusions of this paper raise my objections. The authors propose a new position for the Permian-Triassic (P-Tr) boundary within the Buntsandstein succession of the regional lithostratigraphical scheme. In a conclusion of global significance, the authors find no signature of a mass extinction in the Late Permian land-dwelling tetrapod communities. Both of these issues are reviewed below.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-19644366925,

title = {Disarticulated crinoid stems from the Devonian and Carboniferous of north Devon, England},

author = { E. Głuchowski and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-19644366925&doi=10.1144%2fpygs.55.3.161&partnerID=40&md5=7915e627f072ef7198a7348b288ebdd0},

doi = {10.1144/pygs.55.3.161},

issn = {00440604},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society},

volume = {55},

number = {3},

pages = {161-172},

abstract = {Fourteen stem-based crinoid taxa from the Devonian and Carboniferous of north Devon are described. Salairocrinus cf. kervenensis Le Menn, is from the Givetian Ilfracombe Beds at Combe Martin, and the remaining taxa occur in the Famennian-Tournaisian Pilton Beds (Baggy Point; Saunton Sands and Fremington Quay). Stenocrinus altus Sisova, Glyphidodrinus sp. and Taranshicrinus sp. are reported from the Famennian only. Gilbertsocrinus sp. A, Ricebocrinus sp. and Urushicrinus sp. are known from both the Famennian and Tournaisian. Cyclocaudex medius Głuchowski, Cyclocaudiculus varius Głuchowski, Cycloscapus sp., Floricyclus sp., Gilbertsocrinus cassiope Moore & Jeffords, Gilbertsocrinus sp. B. and Platycrinites? sp. only occur in the Tournaisian. The crinoid faunas of the Pilton Beds are similar to other European, North American and some Asian Famennian to Tournaisian echinoderm assemblages. This confirms their cosmopolitan character and also possible eastward migration along the south Laurussian shelf. © Yorkshire Geological Society, 2005.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-16344375085,

title = {Increasing international impact of Polish Polar Research},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-16344375085&partnerID=40&md5=7a0843be203d1f6572a982f04c70c914},

issn = {01380338},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Polish Polar Research},

volume = {26},

number = {1},

pages = {85-86},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-17344364663,

title = {Polish stratigraphic rules - Invitation to discussion [Polskie zasady stratygrafii - Zaproszenie do dyskusji]},

author = { G. Racki and M. Narkiewicz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-17344364663&partnerID=40&md5=d53cc7bef5a7f1c9b5e3efdc16a7534a},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {53},

number = {3},

pages = {205-},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33746410969,

title = {Chapter 8Productivity and bottom water redox conditions at the Frasnian-Famennian boundary on both sides of the Eovariscan Belt: constraints from trace-element geochemistry},

author = { L. Riquier and N. Tribovillard and O. Averbuch and M.M. Joachimski and G. Racki and X. Devleeschouwer and A. El albani and A. Riboulleau},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33746410969&doi=10.1016%2fS0920-5446%2805%2980008-1&partnerID=40&md5=b797ffa2a45ea05f7e7c34db2d1b7f3c},

doi = {10.1016/S0920-5446(05)80008-1},

issn = {09205446},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy},

volume = {20},

number = {C},

pages = {199-224},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {The Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinction event coincides in many places with the depositionof Corg-rich "Kellwasser" facies. Four F-F boundary sections representative of platform and basin environments from widely separated locations (Morocco; Germany; and France) were analysed for inorganic geochemistry, especially trace elements (redox and productivity proxies), in order to describe paleodepositional environments for the Kellwasser horizons. Ni/Co, V/Cr, U/Th, and V/(V+Ni) ratios, as well as redox trace metal concentrations indicate that oxygen-depleted conditions existed during the times of Kellwasser facies deposition. In platform settings, dysoxic conditions seem to be limited to the Late Frasnian. In basinal settings, oxygen depletion was stronger and persisted into the Early Famennian. Enrichments of Ba, Cu, Ni, that are limited to the Late Frasnian, show that surface productivity was relatively high and organic matter could accumulate, especially in the deeper environments. The stratigraphical distribution of several geochemical markers are linked with two positive excursions of the δ13Ccarb signal that result from enhanced organic matter burial. Reducing conditions likely resulted from high productivity of Late Devonian marine ecosystems. Intense nutrient supply resulted probably from the biogeochemical recycling of nutrients, and/or runoff from emerged lands. Coupled with other factors, such as rapid sea-level fluctuations and climatic changes, oxygen-depleted conditions and eutrophication would have modified Late Devonian environments and could be possible factors in the F-F mass mortality. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {42},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-10244260465,

title = {Geochemical and ecological aspects of lower Frasnian pyrite-ammonoid level at Kostomłoty (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)},

author = { G. Racki and A. Piechota and D.P.G. Bond and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-10244260465&partnerID=40&md5=bfa699d9a75116080c1dfebba9f0c623},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {48},

number = {3},

pages = {267-282},

abstract = {The lower Frasnian (transitans Zone with Ancyrodella priamosica = MN 4 Zone) rhythmic basin succession of marly limestones and shales (upper Szydłówek Beds) at Kostomłoty, western Holy Cross Mts., Central Poland, contains a record of the transgressive-hypoxic Timan Event in this drowned part of southern Laurussian shelf. The unique facies consists of organic-rich marly shales and a distinctive pyritic, goniatite level, 1.6 m thick. The faunal assemblage is dominated by pyritized shells of diminutive mollusks with cephalopods (including goniatites Epitornoceras and Acanthoclymenia), buchioline bivalves (Glyptohallicardia) and styliolinids. This interval is marked by moderately low Th/U ratios and pyrite framboid size distributions suggestive of dysoxic rather than permanent euxinic conditions. The scarcity of infauna and bioturbation resulted in finely laminated sedimentary fabrics, as well as the low diversity of the presumed pioneer benthos (mostly brachiopods). In the topmost part of the Szydłówek Beds, distinguished by the Styliolina coquina interbedded between limestone-biodetrital layers, the above geochemical proxies and C-isotope positive shift indicate a tendency to somewhat increased bottom oxygen deficiency and higher carbon burial rate linked with a bloom of pelagic biota during high-productivity pulse. The geochemical and community changes are a complex regional record of the initial phase of a major perturbation in the earth-ocean system during a phase of intermittently rising sea level in the early to middle Frasnian, and associated with the highest positive C-isotope ratios of the Devonian.},

note = {52},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-11244317020,

title = {Role of Acta Geophysica Polonica international scientific communication 1996-2003 [Acta Geophysica Polonica w miȩdzynarodowym obiegu informacji naukowej 1996-2003]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-11244317020&partnerID=40&md5=958cac7e47d9a251596ca92babc189f9},

issn = {0138015X},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Publications of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Series M: Miscellanea},

volume = {26},

number = {348},

pages = {68-71},

abstract = {Acta Geophysica Polonica is analysed as a mean of international scientific communication in the context of its contribution to the world's science. Current data from Science Citation Index Expanded 1996-2003 comprise 374 citations to articles from Acta Geophysica Polonica. Despite acknowledged positions in geophysical society of many countries (Greece; Russia; USA; India; Japan), its international impact on the information transfer is still not very significant, although a markedly growing trend, the highest among leading Polish geoscience periodicals, is clearly visible. The year 2003 appears to be the most successful in terms of most bibliometric indices. Very promising tendency refers to rapidly increased citation rate of new articles from Acta Geophysica Polonica. This is a confirmation of growing attractiveness of published results and immediate information transfer, paired with improved brief-term journal impact and increased chances the indexation by ISI.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-7044254924,

title = {Deep-water anoxia over the Frasnian-Famennian boundary (La Serre, France): A tectonically induced oceanic anoxic event?},

author = { N. Tribovillard and O. Averbuch and X. Devleeschouwer and G. Racki and A. Riboulleau},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-7044254924&doi=10.1111%2fj.1365-3121.2004.00562.x&partnerID=40&md5=2534ab0e4c887ca98a7afb4b87641a1d},

doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3121.2004.00562.x},

issn = {09544879},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Terra Nova},

volume = {16},

number = {5},

pages = {288-295},

abstract = {The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) transition is well exposed in the basinal setting of La Serre (Montagne Noire; France), where oxygen-deficient conditions prevailed in bottom environments. In this paper, we study the F-F transition using inorganic geochemistry (notably; major elements; redox-sensitive and/or sulphide-forming trace metals; and productivity proxies). The results are compared with published data concerning the La Serre section, other F-F sections and other geological formations also deposited in basinal settings. The very high enrichment in redox and productivity tracers indicates that anoxic conditions prevailed across the F-F boundary, and that surface productivity was intense. Such deep-water restricted conditions coupled with high productivity occurred in various places in Late Devonian oceans. Recycling alone cannot account for the intense nutrient supply and therefore the most probable source was via land runoff. We discuss the Eovariscan episode of uplift that stimulated rock weathering, and hence long-term nutrient supply to the seas. © 2004 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},

note = {59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-2342434657,

title = {Very large stromatoporoid indicating Early Frasnian reef core (Holy Cross Mts., Poland)},

author = { G. Racki and M. Sobstel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-2342434657&partnerID=40&md5=56b3fff30814adeed36f5ce1e30add8d},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {48},

number = {1},

pages = {83-88},

abstract = {A large stromatoporoid Actinostroma cf. crassepilatum Lecompte, 1951, at least 8.5 m in diameter and 0.85 m in height, occurs in the ̇Sluchowice quarry in Kielce, Holy Cross Mountains. This sponge occurs in growth position within Early Frasnian (transitans Zone) intraclast-rich reef-rubble deposits. A unique preservation of the reef-builder close to a reef core is implied for the northern flank of the developing Dyminy Reef during its maximum expansion northward into the Kostomłoty intrashelf basin.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-1842537085,

title = {Comment on: Orbital cyclostratigraphy of the Devonian Frasnian-Famennian transition in South China, by Gong, Y.M., Li, B.H., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 168 (2001), 237-248},

author = { G. Racki and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1842537085&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2003.11.015&partnerID=40&md5=72500e7177a2d0c0d5fcfe5cba9a6b73},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2003.11.015},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {205},

number = {1-2},

pages = {169-170},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The four-order orbital cyclostratigraphy scheme of the Frasnian-Famennian transition in South China of Gong et al. (Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 168 (2001) 237) is criticized. Its dubious character is related to unreliable documentation of the four-order hierarchical Milankovitch cyclicity, paired with a highly speculative idea of modification of the causal orbital parameters in the mass extinction time interval by alleged bolide impact. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-2542543592,

title = {Extent and duration of marine anoxia during the Frasnian-Famennian (Late Devonian) mass extinction in Poland, Germany, Austria and France},

author = { D.P.G. Bond and P.B. Wignall and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-2542543592&doi=10.1017%2fS0016756804008866&partnerID=40&md5=54612dd38679c67f098fdab2321f3ec5},

doi = {10.1017/S0016756804008866},

issn = {00167568},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Geological Magazine},

volume = {141},

number = {2},

pages = {173-193},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {The intensity and extent of anoxia during the two Kellwasser anoxic events has been investigated in a range of European localities using a multidisciplinary approach (pyrite framboid assay; gamma-ray spectrometry and sediment fabric analysis). The results reveal that the development of the Lower Kellwasser Horizon in the early Late rhenana Zone (Frasnian Stage) in German type sections does not always coincide with anoxic events elsewhere in Europe and, in some locations, seafloor oxygenation improves during this interval. Thus, this anoxic event is not universally developed. In contrast, the Upper Kellwasser Horizon, developed in the Late linguiformis Zone (Frasnian Stage) in Germany correlates with a European-wide anoxic event that is manifest as an intensification of anoxia in basinal locations to the point that stable euxinic conditions were developed (for example; in the basins of the Hoy Cross Mountains; Poland). The interval also saw the spread of dysoxic waters into very shallow water (for instance; reefal) locations, and it seems reasonable to link the contemporaneous demise of many marine taxa to this phase of intense and widespread anoxia. In basinal locations, euxinic conditions persisted into the earliest Famennian with little change of depositional conditions. Only in the continental margin location of Austria was anoxia not developed at any time in the Late Devonian. Consequently it appears that the Upper Kellwasser anoxic event was an epicontinental seaway phenomenon, caused by the upward expansion of anoxia from deep basinal locales rather than an 'oceanic' anoxic event that has spilled laterally into epicontinental settings. © 2004 Cambridge University Press.},

note = {199},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-1342288928,

title = {Comment on "Impact ejecta layer from the mid-Devonian: possible connection to global mass extinctions".},

author = { G. Racki and C. Koeberl},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1342288928&doi=10.1126%2fscience.1090332&partnerID=40&md5=9681d24f19d7880f5b135980afec7e74},

doi = {10.1126/science.1090332},

issn = {10959203},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Science},

volume = {303},

number = {5657},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0347657517,

title = {Why Geological Quarterly has beed selected? [Dlaczego wybrano Geological Quarterly?]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347657517&partnerID=40&md5=1690c49d51b60bbc7e319fe6751b925a},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {51},

number = {10},

pages = {831-},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0345765641,

title = {Polish scientists in Editorial Boards of international Earth Sciences journals (continued) - A reply [Polscy naukowcy w radach redakcyjnych miȩdzynarodowych czasopism z zakresu nauk o Ziemi (cia̧g dalszy) - odpowiedź]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0345765641&partnerID=40&md5=59b91155d846d5e18bf094ffcab25a68},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {51},

number = {10},

pages = {834-},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0242349237,

title = {End-Permian mass extinction: Oceanographic consequences of double catastrophic volcanism},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0242349237&doi=10.1080%2f00241160310003199&partnerID=40&md5=9bbce5840385bb846b18a59761199aad},

doi = {10.1080/00241160310003199},

issn = {00241164},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Lethaia},

volume = {36},

number = {3},

pages = {171-173},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0142026907,

title = {Polish geology at the turn of the millenium (as seen in the Philadelphia citation databases) [Geologia polska na przełomie tysia̧cleci (w świetle filadelfijskich baz danych)]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0142026907&partnerID=40&md5=276f546f4124d7b5119e63c9cad63c2e},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {51},

number = {7},

pages = {555-559},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0041565429,

title = {Polish geographical journals vs. international scientific communication [Polskie czasopisma geograficzne a miȩdzynarodowy obieg informacji naukowej]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0041565429&partnerID=40&md5=6da8e3966d0bbab22fcd1cfe4caa9253},

issn = {00332143},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geograficzny},

volume = {75},

number = {1},

pages = {101-119},

abstract = {The international visibility of scientific journals as a means of communication may be tested in different ways, but the most distinguished calculations are based on citation statistics that proved utility of published results. The most comprehensive and generally reliable source of such data is the system of indexation of science and technology journals created by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) in Philadelphia. Of diagnostic significance where international journal quality is concerned is the ISI's impact factor (IF), a number which extenses a ratio between papers published in a journal and their subsequent citations. It is even predicted that the journal IF evaluates published works (and thus non-directly the quality of research), but this approach is a matter of hot debate. Bibliometric evaluation of a representative sample of Polish geographical journals shows that the ISI citation indicators appear of insufficient value when used for scientific literature, as exemplified by the two-year IF window due to its insignificant citation rates. New measures in the bibliometric analysis are proposed primarily to limit the confusing influence of the immediate self-citations that record mainly thematic continuity (narrow, specialization) and/or a recurrent group of self- or mutually-citing authors, but not real participation in worldwide scientific communication. This improved approach is proposed for the more comprehensive assessment of Earth science literature, particularly from non-English-speaking countries. The real journal impact is derived primarily from the Citation Range Index that includes different ranks of three "qualitative" categories of the citations derived front SCI Ex and SSCI 1996-2002, notably restricted to number of records (i.e., source items indexed by ISI that contain the citation of the journal under study); ISI indicators refer to citations of particular articles. The journal citation rates from 1 (Polish author self-citations) to 2 (Polish author citations and self-citations by foreign co-authors) to 4 [only "true" (i.e. foreign) citations ; the summarised journal citation count is standardised for the journal by its size, i.e. the number of items published 1990-2000. Correlation of the results of quantitative analysis with qualitative journal ranks (peer judgement) by the Committee of Geography, Polish Academy of Sciences, strengthen the evaluation conclusion. In absolute bibliometric terms, the key Polish journals are the two large serial journals: Geographia Polonica and Prace Geograficzne - Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. When relative impact indicators are rated, Biuletyn Peryglacjalny and Quaestiones Geographicae may be reliably considered as the most effective contributors to an international exchange of scientific information. On the whole, the results point to the peripheral position of Polish scientific literature, especially negligible in the case of social geography. However, significant progress in the last three years is well visible in the improved editorial quality of the Polish periodicals, paired with increasing publication activity of Polish geoscientists in the foreign core literature, and, consequently, quickly growing citation numbers for the Polish journals under discussion.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0037005223,

title = {Polish Polar Research as a medium of international scientific communication 1996-2002},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037005223&partnerID=40&md5=060a0c603d5a1abe1eac7eea2bf332fe},

issn = {01380338},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Polish Polar Research},

volume = {23},

number = {3-4},

pages = {279-292},

abstract = {The multidisciplinary journal Polish Polar Research is bibliometrically analysed as a medium of international scientific communication in light of current citation data from SCI Ex 1996-2002. Despite its world-wide distribution and distinctive visibility in the polar society, the journal's two-years impact factor is invariably not very high (below 0.35) because the cited papers are mostly from the 1980s. The increasing participation of foreign (co)authors in the Polish quarterly, paired with the slowly growing number of citing articles in SCI Ex are already promising steps to the immediate information transfer and subsequently improved brief-term journal impact. Citation links with polar investigators from Germany, and also from Great Britain, Spain and the USA are clearly manifested, especially in fields of marine Antarctic ecology and biology. Even if Polish Polar Research may successfully compete with several low-rated journals from different countries indexed in SCI Ex in related categories, its continuing internationalization is urgently required.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036284921,

title = {Siliceous biota (radiolarians and sponges) and the Late Devonian biotic crisis: The Polish reference},

author = { V. Vishnevskaya and A. Pisera and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036284921&partnerID=40&md5=347aeeeb1df2d052ca03825d607f8ed3},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {211-226},

abstract = {The radiolarian species Astroentaciinia paronae, A. stellata, Trilonche echinata, T. grandis, T. nigra, Haplentactinia inaudita, and H. rhinophyuosa are common in late Frasnian to early Famennian rhythmic, calcareous-marly sequence of the southern Holy Cross Mts., Poland. They are known also from coeval abundant siliceous biota assemblages from the carbonate shelf of East European Platform including more than 150 taxa of radiolarians. However, in ecological terms, the moderately diverse Polish microfaunas (34 species of 12 genera) are more similar to these from Kolyma and Alaska, also marked by abundance of sphaerical entactiniids and near-absence of bilateral-symmetric Ceratoikiscidae and Palaecoscenididae. A succession of two distinctive siliceous sponges associations is established in the incipiently submerged Holy Cross carbonate platform: from an ephemeral, diverse, mostly rigid-skeletal lithistid-hexactinosan foreslope assemblage (initial phase of the late Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis), to long-lasting, basinal loose-skeletal hexactinellid-demosponge faunas (appearing abundantly just prior the Frasnian-Famennian boundary in the late Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone). Such regional blooms of marine siliceous biotas, parallel to temporary retreat of calcareous biota, are demonstrated worldwide for the Kellwasser Crisis. These suggest probable causal links with cooling pulses and at least regional, volcanically induced eutrophication.},

note = {30},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036279114,

title = {Ostracods and fore-reef sedimentology of the Frasnian-Famennian boundary beds in Kielce (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)},

author = { J.G. Casier and X. Devleeschouwer and F. Lethiers and A. Pŕat and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036279114&partnerID=40&md5=472ddf6113ee0328a1c3c68f972068a6},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {227-246},

abstract = {Four major microfacies have been recognized in the Psie Górki section and the bioclastic content indicates an open marine environment in the photic zone close to an algal shole. Sedimentological studies point to a regressive episode starting close to the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. The regressive microfacies pattern is revealed by the presence of semi-restricted algal microbreccias that compose all of the lower part of the Famennian. The regression was accompanied by meteoric water invasion as the sea level fell. Seventy-six ostracod species are recorded. The ostracod assemblage, dominated by podocopids, belongs to the Eifelian ecotype and is indicative of a well-oxygenated marine environment below fair-weather wave base in the Frasnian part of the section, and of shallower environments in the base of the Famennian. No ostracod assemblage characteristic of hypoxic or semi-restricted water conditions has been recorded. The rate of extinction of ostracod species (>70%) close to the Frasnian-Famennian boundary is comparable with that known on the same level in several other sections investigated in the world. Five new ostracod species are proposed by J.-G. Casier and F. Lethiers: Selebratina vellicata, Samarella? minuta, Bairdiocypris ventrorecta, Acratia pentagona, and "Bairdia" psiegorkiensis.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036278919,

title = {Emergence and extinction of the Givetian to Frasnian bryozoan faunas in the Kostomłoty facies zone, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland},

author = { I.P. Morozova and O.B. Weis and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036278919&partnerID=40&md5=77a80e0645975eb9f6aea8a07bef103b},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {307-317},

abstract = {Devonian bryozoans have been investigated from two Givetian to Frasnian localities in the Holy Cross Mts (Central Poland), representing fossiliferous ramp slope facies of the Kostomloty facies zone (north-western periphery of the Kielce carbonate platform). Thirteen genera belonging to four families and three orders have been identified. Bryozoans show close relation to previously described Givetian and Frasnian bryozoan faunas of France, but also some affinities to easterly regions (e.g., Kuzbass). The main immigration episodes are related to late Givetian and middle Frasnian deepening pulses. The replacement of locally rich and diverse Givetian carbonate bank faunas by overall impoverished Frasnian reef-complex associations largely corresponds to a major extinction event in the evolutionary history of Bryozoa. Five new species are described by 1. Morozova and O. Weis: Eridotrypella arguta, Eridotrypella exserta, Eostenopora nimia, Primorella nitida, Primorella indigena.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036273263,

title = {The Frasnian-Famennian events in a deep-shelf succession, subpolar urals: Biotic, depositional, and geochemical records},

author = { A.B. Yudina and G. Racki and N.M. Savage and M. Racka and K. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036273263&partnerID=40&md5=1d8c8b5a35eb3396120f3b7b3785937f},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {47},

number = {2},

pages = {355-372},

abstract = {The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary is well biostratigraphically documented in the Palmatolepis-rich deposits exposed along the Syv'yu River in the lower slopes of the Subpolar Urals. The thin-bedded calcareous-clayey-siliceous deep-slope succession of the Vorota Formation appears to represent continuous Domanic-type deposition throughout the world-wide carbonate crisis time, without evidence for the basal Famennian hiatus or a large-scale sedimentary perturbation within a regressive setting. The northernmost Laurussian sequence exhibits many well known signatures throughout the broad F-F timespan: the appearance of organic- and clay-rich deposits, icriodontid and radiolarian blooms, and a correlative shift of several geochemical proxies towards hypoxic and high-productivity regimes, perfectly recorded by positive δ13Ccarb excursions of +3.5%. Integrative biotic, microfacies and geochemical data substantiate a longer-term oceanographic destabilization, attributable to multiple Earth-bound triggering factors in (episodically enhanced?) greenhouse climate and punctuated eustatic sea-level highstands, superimposed on the elevated deposition of organic carbon-rich sediments during the Upper Kellwasser Event. Unsteady eutrophicated, and oxygen-depleted ecosystems during the F-F biotic crisis interval could be assumed, especially when intensified by various spasmodic tectono-volcanic phenomena in the incipiently closing Ural Ocean.},

note = {48},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0037141930,

title = {The Frasnian/Famennian boundary interval in the South Polish-Moravian shelf basins: Integrated event-stratigraphical approach},

author = { G. Racki and M. Racka and H. Matyja and X. Devleeschouwer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037141930&doi=10.1016%2fS0031-0182%2801%2900481-3&partnerID=40&md5=765286276603b77b0c263728c3d3557e},

doi = {10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00481-3},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {181},

number = {1-3},

pages = {251-297},

abstract = {The Late Devonian mass extinction event near the Frasnian/Famennian (F/F) boundary has been analysed using conodont biostratigraphy and biofacies, sedimentology, magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry in reference sections of the South Polish-Moravian shelf (Holy Cross Mountains, Cracow and Brno areas). High-resolution biostratigraphic study revealed difficulties in the precise recognition of this 'natural' stage boundary, but confirmed the occurrence of a major (third-order) sequence boundary in the F/F transition in an active synsedimentary tectonic setting, marked by erosional discontinuities, hardgrounds and brecciation or omission surfaces. Conclusive evidence of an extraterrestrial impact has not been found. Among Earth-bound factors, the main devastating role in the shelf habitats is ascribed to fluctuating anoxia and/or nutrient dynamics in a disturbed greenhouse climatic setting. The long-term facies changes were determined by a conspicuous break in carbonate production, accompanied by replacement of mature stromatoporoid-coral reefs by pioneer shelly-crinoid banks, microbial mounds and localised oolitic bars. The key F/F passage interval was marked by intermittent but generally accelerated periplatform ooze/debris input and severe storm events, as well as by probably highly fluctuating oxygenation and biological overproduction, best manifested in radiolarian-silicisponge and cephalopod acmes. Eutrophication phenomena, at least partly stimulated by various hydrothermal and volcanic processes, were one of the major biogeochemical processes during this climax of the Late Devonian biotic crisis. However, significant oceanographic perturbations were also linked with the onset of the transgressive-hypoxic Upper Kellwasser Event, still within the latest Frasnian linguiformis Zone, i.e., well before the F/F conodont collapse. Implied variations in the redox state of seawater through the Kellwasser timespan, probably in regionally highly variable temporal scales, are in agreement with recent palaeoecological and biogeochemical inferences, in particular suggesting recovering oxygenation just prior to the F/F boundary in the other Laurussian intrashelf basins. All the data support a long-time, multicausal Earth-bound crisis instead a worldwide cosmic catastrophe. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {168},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0035019697,

title = {Devonian series and stage boundaries in Poland},

author = { G. Racki and E. Turnau},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035019697&partnerID=40&md5=bc9e17205759a265ee228b71e8a70c95},

issn = {03414116},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg},

number = {225},

pages = {145-158},

abstract = {Devonian sequences of Poland have been primarily studied in Laurussian shelf settings, where the series and stage boundaries, as defined by the Subcomission on Devonian Stratigraphy, are recognisable with variable degree of accuracy. Overall substage level is only achieved in the Sudetian basinal sections. Continuous record of pelagic sedimentation from the Silurian to Devonian is evidenced by graptolite successions in Central Poland and the West Sudetes, whilst the lack of good biostratigraphical control hampers stage evaluation of Lower Devonian clastic sequences. However, palynological data are successfully employed to approximate position the intra-Lower Devonian stage boundary levels. Middle Devonian boundaries are approximately established in reference to conodonts (chiefly icriodontids), and locally miospores in epicontinental, mostly transgressive marly and calcareous successions. The stepwise drowning of the carbonate platform and expansion of the open-marine, conodontbearing facies resulted in a relatively complete record of the Middle-Upper Devonian series boundary in the Holy Cross Mts, where an index ancyrodellid lineage is evidenced. Conodont datings of the Frasnian-Famennian passage are reported from many submerged shelf areas in slope to intrashelf basin facies. However, only in localised basin sites such data are available for the top of the Devonian. The natural aspect of both boundaries is prominent due to common hiatuses and condensation phenomena, a record of severe eustatic fails and tectonic events.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0035012187,

title = {Water column anoxia, enhanced productivity and concomitant changes in δ13C and δ34S across the Frasnian-Famennian boundary (Kowala - Holy Cross Mountains/Poland)},

author = { M.M. Joachimski and C. Ostertag-Henning and R.D. Pancost and H. Strauss and K.H. Freeman and R. Littke and J.S. Sinninghe Damsté and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035012187&doi=10.1016%2fS0009-2541%2800%2900365-X&partnerID=40&md5=ede010acd5e8f204d716f6fc83aaca42},

doi = {10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00365-X},

issn = {00092541},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {175},

number = {1-2},

pages = {109-131},

abstract = {The investigation of the trace element and organic geochemistry of the Frasnian-Famennian boundary section at Kowala (Holy Cross Mountains/Poland) shows that the lower water column was oxygen-deficient during late Frasnian and early Famennian times. The abundance and carbon isotopic composition of diaryl isoprenoids, biomarkers indicative for green sulfur bacteria, prove that euxinic waters reached into the photic zone, at least episodically. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents show two maxima that are time-equivalent to the Kellwasser horizons deposited in shallower water settings. Enhanced TOC concentrations are explained by a higher primary productivity, presumably as a consequence of an enhanced nutrient supply from the continent. The increase in the abundance of hopanes and bituminite suggests that the bacterial contribution to TOC increased at the Frasnian-Famennian transition. The sulfur isotopic composition of pyritic- and organically bound sulfur shows a +27‰ excursion across the boundary. The observation that the δ34S values of organic-bound sulfur closely resemble that of pyrite sulfur indicates a common sulfur source, likely early diagenetic sulfide. A change in the δ13C of total dissolved inorganic carbon as a consequence of an enhanced burial of 12C-enriched organic carbon is indicated by a + 3‰ excursion measured for TOC as well as for individual n-alkanes and isoprenoids. The burial of large amounts of organic carbon is expected to result in a decrease in pCO2 and should affect the photosynthetic carbon isotope fractionation (εp). The fact that we observe no change in Ep can be explained by the circumstance that Ep was most probably at maximum values, as a consequence of high atmospheric and oceanic-dissolved CO2 concentrations during the Devonian. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {193},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33847023367,

title = {Eutrophication by decoupling of the marine biogeochemical cycles of C, N, and P: A mechanism: For the Late Devonian mass extinction: Comment},

author = { G. Racki and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33847023367&doi=10.1130%2f0091-7613%282001%29029%3c0469%3aEBDOTM%3e2.0.CO%3b2&partnerID=40&md5=c6403c0af43a0eb1ca1ab650a6510b28},

doi = {10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0469:EBDOTM>2.0.CO;2},

issn = {00917613},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {29},

number = {5},

pages = {469-470},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-17144453485,

title = {The highest cited Polish publications in Earth sciences from the nineties (based on national citation reports- Poland 1999) [Najczȩściej cytowane polskie publikacje z dziedziny nauk o ziemi z lat 90. (na podstawie national citation reports- Poland 1999)]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-17144453485&partnerID=40&md5=2d568b94ab26d715c322ae9dd57b04b8},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {49},

number = {7},

pages = {584-590},

abstract = {Employment of National Citation Reports - Poland 1999 from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) in Philadelphia allows for presentation of the highest cited papers of Polish (co) authors in Earth Sciences from the nineties (1991-1999). Special emphasis was paid to outstanding geological fields of study. When compared to older papers (1981-1990), an increasing thematic diversity of the "hot papers" is evident, marked mostly by a rising international perception of publications encompassing both geophysics and environmental sciences. In broadly defined geological sciences, the largest international hit is related to the integrative stratigraphic-geochemical (carbon isotopes) studies of late Quaternary annually laminated lacustrine deposits in Central Poland (by Goslar et al.). Other leading Polish specialities include crystallochemistry of clay minerals, interdisciplinary works in paleobiology and sedimentary geochemistry, some aspects of seismic events, and litospheric structure recognition of the Trans-European Suture Zone. Particularly promising international perspectives are for the petrologic-geochemical investigations on Sudetic crystalline massifs.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0035339194,

title = {Upper Devonian sponges from the holy cross mountains, Central Poland},

author = { J.K. Rigby and A. Pisera and T. Wrzołek and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035339194&doi=10.1111%2f1475-4983.00187&partnerID=40&md5=78c8bb9f66b75b1727aafaef975a3ae5},

doi = {10.1111/1475-4983.00187},

issn = {00310239},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Palaeontology},

volume = {44},

number = {3},

pages = {447-488},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {The rich fauna of Late Devonian (Late Frasnian) siliceous sponges from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland is composed of 15 species and 11 genera. Both astylospongid demosponges (lithistids) and hexactinosan hexactinellids are present. The following new genera and/or species are proposed: D regulara Rigby and Pisera sp. nov., Jazwicella media Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., Astyloscyphia irregularia Rigby and Pisera ge. et sp. nov., A. turbinata Rigby and Pisera ge. et sp. nov., Astylotuba modica Rigby and Pisera ge. et sp. nov., Paleoregulara cupula Rigby and Pisera gen. et. nov., Palaeoramospongia bifurcata Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., Cordiospongia conica Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., Paleocraticularia elongata Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., P. gigantia Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., Polonospongia devonica Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., P. fistulata Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. noc., Urnospongia modica Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov., and Conicospongia annulata Rigby and Pisera gen. et sp. nov. The investigated fauna contains the youngest astylospongiids known the oldest well-preserved, and most diversified Palaeozoic hexactinosans. The sponge fauna constituted a significant element of a brachiopod-coral-sponge assemblage that inhabited a deep slope of the local Dyminy Reef structure, during its final phase of growth, in a clearly hemipelagic setting. This fauna is limited to the ontrashelf depression within an ancipiently drowned carbonate platform.},

note = {26},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0142242877,

title = {Devonian series and stage boundaries in Poland},

author = { G. Racki and E. Turnau},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0142242877&partnerID=40&md5=a9b65d2435111e38d997c33e1a23a547},

issn = {03414116},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg},

number = {225},

pages = {145-158},

abstract = {Devonian sequences of Poland have been primarily studied in Laurussian shelf settings, where the series and stage boundaries, as defined by the Subcomission on Devonian Stratigraphy, are recognisable with variable degree of accuracy. Overall substage level is only achieved in the Sudetian basinal sections. Continuous record of pelagic sedimentation from the Silurian to Devonian is evidenced by graptolite successions in Central Poland and the West Sudetes, whilst the lack of good biostratigraphical control hampers stage evaluation of Lower Devonian clastic sequences. However, palynological data are successfully employed to approximate position the intra-Lower Devonian stage boundary levels. Middle Devonian boundaries are approximately established in reference to conodonts (chiefly icriodontids), and locally miospores in epicontinental, mostly transgressive marly and calcareous successions. The stepwise drowning of the carbonate platform and expansion of the open-marine, conodont-bearing facies resulted in a relatively complete record of the Middle-Upper Devonian series boundary in the Holy Cross Mts, where an index ancyrodellid lineage is evidenced. Conodont datings of the Frasnian-Famennian passage are reported from many submerged shelf areas in slope to intrashelf basin facies. However, only in localised basin sites such data are available for the top of the Devonian. The natural aspect of both boundaries is prominent due to common hiatuses and condensation phenomena, a record of severe eustatic falls and tectonic events.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0141527414,

title = {Evolving international impact of Acta Geologica Polonica 1995-1999},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0141527414&partnerID=40&md5=b23012a27779d999c8df3a46412891bd},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {501-505},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0034467440,

title = {Radiolarian palaeoecology and radiolarites: Is the present the key to the past?},

author = { G. Racki and F. Cordey},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034467440&doi=10.1016%2fS0012-8252%2800%2900024-6&partnerID=40&md5=84d2257793b191ad9806ab077bbd0bf7},

doi = {10.1016/S0012-8252(00)00024-6},

issn = {00128252},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Earth Science Reviews},

volume = {52},

number = {1-3},

pages = {83-120},

abstract = {Radiolarian productivity pulses and related radiolarite deposition are phenomena difficult to understand from an exclusively actualistic viewpoint. Evolutionary selection pressure among silica-secreting marine plankton, both radiolarians and diatoms, has led toward more economic usage of rapidly shrinking nutrient resources, including dissolved silica, of the photic zone in the late Cenozoic oceans, and, in particular, a substantial modification of oceanic cycle by the diatom explosive radiation. Even if there is a proved link between biomineralization and dissolved silica loading among the phytoplankton only, the relative independence of modern siliceous planktic biotas from the available silica pool reflects mainly their progressive physiological specialisation during evolutionary history. Oceanic chemistry and productivity, as well as patterns of circulation/upwelling have changed radically during the Phanerozoic. Radiolarites apparently represent an 'anachronistic' facies, as exemplified by their long-lived and ocean-wide distribution in palaeo-Pacific, and hitherto, highlighted actualistic models of localized intra-oceanic wind-driven upwelling loci are of largely questionable applicability. In addition to plate drift, hypersiliceous domains and intervals are explainable mostly by a large-scale volcano-hydrothermal activity during major plate-boundary reconfigurations, which, in many ways, favoured siliceous biotas acme, and their skeletal remains accumulation and preservation. Factors tied to rapid, voluminous submarine eruptions, such as thermal buoyant megaplumes and basin overturns, offer a viable alternative for traditional climatic/circulation scenarios in case of hypersiliceous high productivity events irrelevant to greenhouse-to-icehouse climatic change. The evolving carbon and silica cycles were coupled through the greenhouse effect and enhanced chemical weathering. Volcano-hydrothermal and tectonic uplift events, related mostly to extensive rifting and/or accelerated oceanic spreading, were the endogenous driving force that created this perturbation of the exogenous system. The present biogeochemical cycle is representative only for the overall silica-depleted post-Eocene oceanic ecosystems, which broadly correlates with a major expansion of diatoms groups extremely efficient in silica removal, and closely linking the silica budget with phosphorus and nitrogen cycles. Thus, an orthodox uniformitarian approach to biosiliceous sedimentation, based on a silica-starved vigorous ocean, is of limited significance when applied to the pre-Neogene settings, especially in the peculiar planktic habitats of epeiric seas, as well as during biotic crises marked by strong geotectonic overprint. The major turnovers in marine siliceous biota composition, in particular after the end-Permian radiolarite gap, may have been coupled with discernible changes in an increasing biological control on the long-term oceanic silica cycling ('punctuated equilibrium'). The evolutionary turnovers have induced a stepdown decrease of dissolved silica levels through the Phanerozoic, contemporaneously with the general secular trend of upward scaling of nutrient-related ecological processes and increased effectiveness of resource utilization. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {137},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0034436986,

title = {Ostracods and sedimentology of the Frasnian-Famennian boundary beds in the Kostomloty section (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)},

author = { J.G. Casier and X. Devleeschouwer and F. Lethiers and A. Pŕat and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034436986&partnerID=40&md5=786e576157ca73b9cd958ce728be0fde},

issn = {03746291},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belqique, Sciences de la Terre},

volume = {70},

pages = {53-74},

abstract = {Sixty-eight ostracod species belonging to the Eifelian ecotype and the majority of which are figured, are recorded from across the Frasnian-Famennian boundary in the Kostomloty quarry, Holy Cross Mountains of Poland. In this 6.5 meter thick section, the ostracod fauna is rich and diverse in the Frasnian, but scarce and poorly diversified in the Famennian. Podocopids, with numerous Bairdiocypridacea and Bairdiacea, dominate in the Frasnian, and palaeocopids (with Kloedenellacea) prevail in the Famennian. Myodocopids are almost absent and metacopids are missing. The ostracods of the Kostomloty quarry indicate a regressive trend ranging from a marine environment below wave base in the late Frasnian, to semi-restricted water conditions in the early Famennian. No assemblage or lithology characteristic of hypoxic water conditions have been recorded from the Kostomloty section. The disappearance of ostracods close to the Frasnian-Famennian boundary is pronounced in the Kostomloty section, and only 6 (8?) species out of 53 occurring in the late Frasnian cross the boundary. However, a total of 12 (14?) species survived the Frasnian-Famennian event if "wrongly disappearing species" and "wrongly new arriving species" are taken into account. Sedimentological studies and sequence analyses also point to a regression associated with the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. The fall in sea level, starting at the boundary, has affected very shallow-water, semi-restricted back-shoal environments and has continued and included the erosion of the open-marine fore-shoal facies. This suggests a change of more than ten meters in sea level. After the regression, semi-restricted tidal flats and pre-evaporitic supratidal environments became widely established. On a broad scale, the microfacies curve shows a gradual shift from open-marine waters in the late Frasnian to restricted ones in the early Famennian. The 3rd order sequence boundary emphasizes this transition and the ostracod assemblages as well as those of other organisms (Algae) follow this general pattern. Three new ostracod species are proposed: Coelonella crassa nov. sp., Sulcella (Postsulcella) kostomlotyensis nov. sp. and Bairdia (Rectobairdia) sanctacrucensis nov. sp.},

note = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0034111047,

title = {Tectonic versus eustatic controls of sedimentary development of the Devonian in the Holy Cross Mts., Central Poland [Tektoniczne a eustatyczne uwarunkowania rozwoju sedymentacji dewonu swietokrzyskiego]},

author = { G. Racki and M. Narkiewicz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034111047&partnerID=40&md5=74e7cafbec8dfcac1fd70defdafe7d72},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {48},

number = {1},

pages = {65-76},

abstract = {Documented evidence of synsedimentary tectonics in the Devonian of the Holy Cross Mts. in most cases indicates limited magnitude of deformations leading to modification of the sedimentary record merely in a local scale. In contrast, the events interpreted as eustatic (including i.a. backstepping of the carbonate platform) have a widespread regional record. The tectonic subsidence analysis confirms differences in a development of the Lysogory and Kielce regions, although both regions reveal very similar scenario of the 'post-Caledonian' subsidence, differing mainly in the rates and total amount of the Devonian subsidence. The latter differences may be ascribed to contrasts in a deep structure of crustal blocks underlying both regions, separated by the Holy Cross Fault, and responding differently to a regional stress pattern, probably in an extensional regime. Although the importance of tectonic events in the Devonian of the Holy Cross Mts. is still difficult to ascertain, it appears rather subordinate in view of available observations. So far, there is no evidence of the 'Bretonnian' tectonic deformations in the latest Devonian. The role of this 'phase', previously stressed in several publications, may be limited to the probable small pulse of the late Frasnian subsidence and small-scale block movements locally modifying the record of eustatic fluctuations in the wide interval of the Frasnian-Famennian transition. The relationship between these tectonic phenomena and the Late the Late Devonian structural rearrangement of the East European Craton, including initiation of the Pripyat-Donets Rift and development of the Lublin Trough is probable but requires further refinement of a stratigraphic correlation between the discussed areas.},

note = {31},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0033213040,

title = {Silica-secreting biota and mass extinctions: Survival patterns and processes},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033213040&doi=10.1016%2fS0031-0182%2899%2900089-9&partnerID=40&md5=ea030090ef2d582c073acd97a73fe8d5},

doi = {10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00089-9},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {154},

number = {1-2},

pages = {107-132},

abstract = {High survival and at least regional blooms of siliceous marine groups, with coeval retreat of calcareous organisms, is known from the Frasnian-Famennian (radiolarians, silicisponges) and end-Cretaceous (diatoms, radiolarians) mass extinctions. A strictly actualistic approach to the palaeoecology of silica-secreting biota is of limited significance, especially for silica-enriched and oligotrophic Palaeozoic epeiric seas and, in particular, during biotic turnovers. Adaptation among silica-secreting marine plankton has led toward more efficient utilization of shrinking dissolved silica resources within surface waters of Cenozoic oceans, as shown by both radiolarians and diatoms. This biosiliceous signal during the major biotic crises is mostly explained by a large-scale increase in volcano-hydrothermal activity during major plate-boundary re-arrangements, triggering global ecosystem perturbations. The cumulative stimulus favoured siliceous versus calcareous biota growth, deposition and preservation because of (1) a higher rate of input of silica and other nutrients, promoting eutrophication pulses, (2) a punctuated (or reversed) greenhouse climatic effect, episodically coupled with (3) vigorous oceanic circulation due to a variety of volcanogenic upwellings and turnovers. Siliceous communities, adapted to more eutrophic conditions, have thrived in the stressed niches. On the other hand, expanding anoxia and nutrification may lead to a stepwise loss of deep-water niches and consequent selective decline of more specialized oligotrophic radiolarians and other pelagic biota. By contrast, siliceous faunas experienced severe non-selective losses during the end-Permian mass extinction (recorded as a 'chert gap'). Thus, the greatest environmental disaster of the Phanerozoic was driven by a unique set of killing factors, extremely effective for radiolarian productivity, e.g., due to the combination of a drastic volcanic winter with expanding superanoxia.},

note = {93},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0032876576,

title = {Givetian palynostratigraphy and palynofacies: New data from the Bodzentyn Syncline (Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland)},

author = { E. Turnau and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032876576&doi=10.1016%2fS0034-6667%2899%2900011-1&partnerID=40&md5=870109403e5df8356592ca6b6b6381bc},

doi = {10.1016/S0034-6667(99)00011-1},

issn = {00346667},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology},

volume = {106},

number = {3-4},

pages = {237-271},

abstract = {Givetian samples have yielded well preserved palynomorphs including miospores, prasinophytes, acritarchs, and coenobial algae. Two new miospore species (Grandispora parvula Turnau, sp. nov., and Perotrilites granulaticonatus Turnau, sp. nov.), and two new prasinophyte species (Dictyotidium obesum Turnau, sp. nov., and Polyedrixium skalensis Turnau, sp. nov.) are described. Ten possibly new miospore and prasinophyte forms are described but not specifically named. Two miospore zones of the East European zonal division are distinguished. The direct conodont and goniatite data indicate that the first appearances of (1) Chelinospora concinna, (2) Daillydium pentaster, (3) Samarisporites triangulatus, and (4) Ancyrospora incisa are: upper Lower, or Middle varcus Subzone for (1); Middle varcus Subzone for (2) and (3); and above the base of the hermanni-cristatus Zone for (4). Four successive palynofacies are described: (i) a spore-dominated palynofacies lacking in acritarchs; (ii) palynofacies with acritarchs; (iii) palynofacies with abundant leiospheres; (iv) palynofacies dominated by tasmanitids. The palynofacies changes are possibly related to the eustatic sea-level fluctuations, but the pattern is obviously complicated by changes in surface water circulation and/or fertility.},

note = {60},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0343049112,

title = {Controversies over causes of global ecological catastrophes in the earth history: A summary of impact/volcanism debate [Kontrowersje wokol przyczyn wielkich katastrof ekologicznych w historii Ziemi: Podsumowanie debaty]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0343049112&partnerID=40&md5=c927bc1d0971a67be2fe387da6a9e543},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {47},

number = {4},

pages = {343-348},

abstract = {Polemics concerning causes of worldwide ecological collapses in the Earth history between advocates of giant bolide impact and of volcanic cataclysm, lasting since discovery of the iridium anomaly almost 20 years ago, have led to principal modifications of the original paradigms. To the most important novelties belong models of protracted biotic crises (stepwise extinctions) due to multiple and/or oblique collision with extraterrestrial objects, especially comets, as well as concepts recalling long-term ecosystem consequences of an eruption of mantle (super)plumes and large-scale rifting. The most promising scenarios based either exclusively on Earth-bound processes, chiefly oceanographic and climatic changeovers (e.g. the highlighted model of coupled transgression and anoxia) with better-evaluated participation of volcanic-hydrothermal phenomena, or 'mixed' hypotheses, i.e. including also a smaller or greater role of cosmic accidents. The latter scenario is particularly useful in explanation of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, in which two the major destructive events certainly occurred contemporaneously. Further integrative studies, progressively more interdisciplinary and employing Cretaceous and Cenozoic events as the references, are necessary for understanding of many puzzles in the biosphere history, mostly through the Paleozoic.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0343049096,

title = {Brachiopod faunas extinction and recovery during the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis [Wymieranie i odradzanie sie faun ramienionogowych a kryzys na granicy fran-famen]},

author = { A. Baliński and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0343049096&partnerID=40&md5=47db3f5e8f8aa35485a1ac00797620aa},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {47},

number = {4},

pages = {373-378},

abstract = {The well-known brachiopod succession in the Late Devonian of the Debnik anticline (southern Poland) enables the detailed study of the major biotic crisis at the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary. The greatest taxonomic diversification of the Frasnian brachiopods from the studied area is observed in the P. punctata-P. hassi Zones (20 species). During the later Frasnian the diversification gradually declines and reaches its minimum at the F-F boundary. The brachiopod post-extinction assemblages is dominated mainly by only two dwarf species wich represent rhynchonellids and spiriferids. Intensive process of brachiopod rediversification is observed in the P. crepida Zones; the most common then are cyrtospiriferids, athyridids and productellids. In the later Famennian, however, a drop in diversity is again observed as a result of the intensifying regressive tendencies in the area. A similar evolutionary dynamic of brachiopod faunas, esspecially a process of the repopulation and rediversification at the F-F boundary was found in the Holly Cross Mountains (Central Poland). In the P. crepida - P. rhomboidea Zones the brachiopods reach their greatest taxonomic diversity of the whole Famennian. The general composition of the pioneer assemblages from the early Famennian of the southern Poland suggests their relationship with shallow-water Frasnian faunas of the inner carbonate shelf and deltaic environments and, partly, with a deep-water rhynchonellid biofacies.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0033392167,

title = {Biostratigraphical and geochemical problems with identification of the Frasnian-Famennian boundary in the southern Poland [Biostratygraficzne i geochemiczne problemy identyfikacji granicy fran-famen w poludniowej Polsce]},

author = { G. Racki and H. Matyja and M. Racka and M.M. Joachimski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033392167&partnerID=40&md5=48795a049d4b7429a7e642fe6448a95f},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {47},

number = {4},

pages = {369-372},

abstract = {High-resolution conodont studies of reference Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) sections in the Holy Cross Mts (Kowala) and Cracow area (Debnik) revealed difficulties in the biostratigraphical recognition of this natural stage boundary corresponding to the major extinction event, as well as documentation of its supposed geochemical peculiarity. Surprisingly graded pattern of the conodont succession across the critical level is documented, manifested primarily in co-occurrence of typical Frasnian palmatolepids and ancyrodellids with the broadly variable diagnostic Famennian species Palmatolepis triangularis (encompassing praetriangularis morphotype). Carbon isotopic (both carbonate and organic) and trace element profiles of the F-F boundary sensu stricto point to generally 'quiet', uneventful aspect of the interval, but maybe marked by highest productivity levels. Most significant oceanographic changes are linked with onset of the transgressive-hypoxic Kellwasser Event, still within the latest Frasnian linguiformis Chron, i.e. well before the conodont collapse. All the data support an extended in time, multicausal Earth-bound causation instead of a worldwide cosmic catastrophe.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0033009231,

title = {The Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis: How many (if any) bolide impacts?},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033009231&doi=10.1007%2fs005310050235&partnerID=40&md5=f65cf97d60d495d38b2682416bf716d6},

doi = {10.1007/s005310050235},

issn = {00167835},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Geologische Rundschau},

volume = {87},

number = {4},

pages = {617-632},

abstract = {The prime causation of the mid-Late Devonian mass extinction near the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary remains uncertain. Nevertheless, geochemical evidence has been presented recently as decisive evidence of a giant bolide impact occurring precisely at the F-F boundary, which promoted the global mortality episode. Palaeobilogical data, however, imply a gradual global change, which is otherwise seen as a record of either multiple extraterrestrial catastrophes or of impact-triggered Earth-bound mechanisms. Sedimentological (mega-tsunami), physical (craters, microtektites), and geochemical records remain either elusive in many aspects, or incompatible with the predicted impact crisis pattern. Biotic succession across the F-F horizon is still poorly known, especially in continental domains, to evidence a synchronous ('bedding-plane') killing event at the close of the crisis. Instead, the commonly documented stepwise loss of biomass and an unproved distinctive idead zonei are hard to explain simply as sampling artifacts. The assumed mass mortality precisely at the F-F boundary may be limited mainly to the pelagic realm. The underestimated role of early Variscan tectonism and associated volcanic-hydrothermal processes, resulting in thermal and nutrient pulses, as possible prime controls of the F-F crisis is suggested, as well as resemblances to the superplume-conditioned eventful mid-Cretaceous interval, exemplified in the Cenomanian-Turonian mass extinction. Additional shocks, generated by minor cometary strikes, are not excluded but may have affected some F-F biotas or areas.},

note = {54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0031875897,

title = {Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis: Undervalued tectonic control?},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031875897&doi=10.1016%2fS0031-0182%2898%2900059-5&partnerID=40&md5=09b9e8f63851494ffe6ef30ad79ad259},

doi = {10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00059-5},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {141},

number = {3-4},

pages = {177-198},

abstract = {The prime cause of the Late Devonian Kellwasser crisis, culminating in a mass extinction event near the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary, remains conjectural. Nevertheless, rapid sea-level fluctuations of uncertain origin during tectono-eustatic highstand, paired with repeated oceanic anoxia and climatic changes, are usually thought at present to be one of the main immediate triggers. The Cathles-Hallam model of stress-induced changes in plate density, accompanying rapid rift formation, furnishes an alternative for understanding the enigmatic sudden eustatic variations in the non-glacial time. Late Devonian tectonic extension, causing rifting and volcanicity, appears to be strongly marked in several regions of Eurasia, particularly in Kazakhstan and eastern Laurussia. All larger Devonian continents were more or less tectonically affected. A subtle record of this tectonic rearrangement is implied even for distant and apparently quiet carbonate platforms in local extensional block faulting and tilting, hydrothermal mineralisation, geochemical anomalies, and localized blooms of siliceous biota. Interpreting the late Frasnian regressive-transgressive pattern in terms of the Cathles-Hallam tectono-eustatic model, two major rifting events are hypothesized: one at about the beginning of the rhenana Zone, and a second principal pulse in the late linguiformis Zone, that encompassed the F-F transition. Developing the Veimarn-Milanovsky scenario of the global extensional pulse, it is assumed that the key endogenous factors were related to episodic (super)plume activity. The tectonically triggered changes climaxed in thermal and nutrient pulses, and induced the stepdown ecosystem destabilization observed in the F-F bio-crisis. Minor cometary strike(s) might have eventually participated in this prolonged multicausal environmental stress, mainly due to additional thermal shocks, but perhaps effective on a regional scale only.},

note = {125},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0344110540,

title = {Late Frasnian Atrypida (Brachiopoda) from Poland and the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis},

author = { G. Racki and A. Baliński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0344110540&partnerID=40&md5=4cdb361fd064c102c2b5e4f6115ec548},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {43},

number = {2},

pages = {273-304},

abstract = {Late Frasnian Atrypida (Brachiopoda) from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, include 15 taxa and were widely distributed in foreslope habitats of the declining Dyminy Reef complex. The Palmatolepis semichatovae transgression, followed by the transgressive/hypoxic Lower Kellwasser (KW) Event during the Palmatolepis rhenana Zone did not have catastrophic effects for atrypid faunas, but were rather associated with the appearance of a new species group comprising Iowatrypa, Waiotrypa, Costatrypa, Spinatrypina, Desquamatia and Radiatrypa. Stepdown demise of the biota started during the inter-KW regression, and culminated as a result of increasing stress during the Uppwer Kellwasser Event in the late Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone, mainly due to catastrophic sea level changes and anoxia, possibly linked to oceanic thermal changes (cooling) and nutrification pulses. The extinction pattern was diachronous and facies-controlled in this area, and the last atrypid survivors reached the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) boundary. Increasing expansion from the adjacent deeper-water environment of the more resistant assemblages, with productids, cyrtospiriferids, athyridids and schizophoriids, occurred in the final crisis interval. This brachiopod fauna profusion characterized the earliest Famennian survival and early recovery phases of the mass extinctino in this part of the Laurussian shelf, as well as the continuity of the deeper-water rhynchonellid-inarticulate biofacies across the F-F boundary. Spinatrypina (Exatrypa) relicta sp.n. is proposed as new.},

note = {59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0031798169,

title = {The late Frasnian rhynchonellid genus Pammegetherhynchus (Brachiopoda) in Poland, and its relevance to the Kellwasser crisis},

author = { P. Sartenaer and G. Racki and M. Szulczewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031798169&partnerID=40&md5=062c761fa345926bea7237ae9c4f5df8},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {43},

number = {2},

pages = {379-394},

abstract = {The rhynchonellid species, Pammegetherhynchus kowalaensis sp.n., occurs in the late Frasnian (Early to Late Palmatolepis rhenana, and possible early Palmatolepis linguiformis conodont zones) marly-bituminous succession at Kowala (various outcrops) in the Galezice Syncline, south of Kielce in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. The only other known species of this genus is the type species, Pammegetherhynchus merodae Sartenaer, 1977, from the late Frasnian (somewhere in the Early and Late Palmatolepis rhenana Zones) of the French Fagne (dark shales of 'Matagne' aspect), and, probably, of the Eifel ('Budesheimer Goniatitenschiefer'). P. kowalaensis sp.n. occurred in level-bottom pioneer assemblages, thriving in reef downslope, mostly poorly-oxygenated habitats of the Kellwasser interval. The species finally disappeared near the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. The genus Pammegetherhynchus seems to be particularly suited to stressed deep-water shelf environments in the European part of the Laurussian shelf, widely distributed in this crisis time.},

note = {19},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0031796737,

title = {Late Frasnian Athyridida (Brachiopoda) from Poland and the late Devonian biotic turnover},

author = { T.A. Grunt and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031796737&partnerID=40&md5=7fdca0701e3f80690a2f72bf6b4bad8d},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {43},

number = {2},

pages = {361-378},

abstract = {Late Frasnian representatives of the order Athyridida from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, support the idea that the Laurussian basins were the places of origin and radiation of the subfamilies Athyridinae and Meristinae during the middle and early late Paleozoic. At least three new species have been identified from two localities (Lgawa Hill and Kowala) in the Galezice Syncline. Of these, one was probably endemic (Merista rhenanensis sp.n.; maybe also ?Zonathyris sp.A), and two (Athyris postconcentrica sp.n. and Pachyplaxoides postgyralea gen. et sp.n.) were more widely distributed in this part of the Laurussian shelf, being known also from the East European Platform and Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, respectively. This confirms an intermediate biogeographic position of the Holy Cross Mountains area, belonging to an important centre of brachiopod origin and diversification. In contrast to other articulate brachiopods, athryidids reveal a higher rate of diversification, especially at the species (and partly also generic) level, during the global Kellwasser Crisis.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0031770630,

title = {The Frasnian-Famennian brachiopod extinction events: a preliminary review},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031770630&partnerID=40&md5=d5a17cc0ba8aa867a2f400f9a5c95002},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {43},

number = {2},

pages = {395-411},

abstract = {Preliminary review of taxonomy of the brachiopod order Atrypida and its stratigraphic distribution in the late Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis of several regions of Laurussia, western Siberia, and South China piont to their moderate diversity and stepdown but irregular extinction pattern. The distinctive character of the late Frasnian atrypid fauna is emphasised by several relict genera, marked by recurrent and possibly aberrant characters (mainly in ornamentation types), tendency to size reduction and homeomorphy in some taxa. The transgressive/hypoxic Lower Kellwasser Event and preceding eustatic changes during the Palmatolepis thenana Zone had only a regional destructive effect, and were linked rather to an enhanced dispersal of the last generic set of atrypids. The Variatrypinae, Spinatrypinae and Iowatrypa-group seem to belong to the latest surviving atrypids. The final demise of the remaining atrypds (and some other articulate brachiopods, eg. gypidulids) coincided with the transgressive/hypoxic Upper Kellwasser Event, followed by catastrophic eustatic fall during the late Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone (F-F Event). This was probably exacerbated by accelerated submarine volcano-hydrothermal activity, and consequent progressive regional eutrophication, and climatic destabilization. The level-bottom rhynchonellid-inarticulate biofacies crosses the fatal F-F boundary horizon without major changes. No reliable data exist for the presence of atrypids in the Famennian survival and recovery biota even for the smooth lissatrypid Peratos. Sustained competition from radiation and diversifying productid-cyrtospirifrid-athyrid faunas may have provided an additional biotic factor in the collapse of the Frasnian shelly benthos at the time of stress, as well as in a post-extinction offshore repopulation from inner shelf habitats.},

note = {32},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0004430379,

title = {Najbardziej znane polskie publikacje zagraniczne w dziedzinie nauk o Ziemi z lat 1981-1995 (na podstawie national citation report - Poland)},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0004430379&partnerID=40&md5=14ae6856500c18682e520f147e04db22},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {46},

number = {2},

pages = {133-137},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0031396194,

title = {Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Poland},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031396194&partnerID=40&md5=5020e44c74b0cffdf46816b7695423c6},

issn = {03414116},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg},

number = {199},

pages = {1-12},

abstract = {Devonian facies sequences in Poland have been primarily studied in the Laurussian shelf setting of south-central Poland (Holy Cross Mts, Silesia-Cracow area), and Pomerania. Recognised primary controls on sedimentation and biotic changeovers generally correspond to the Euramerican Transgressive-Regressive (T-R) Cycles of JOHNSON, KLAPPER & SANDBERG (1985), with overall sea-level lowstand in the Pragian to early Emsian, and highstand near the FrasnianFamennian boundary. However, the Early Devonian events are only crudely outlined due to uncertain timing of the major regression. The establishment of a vast carbonate platform occurred as a result of the sustained eustatic rise in the latest Emsian (Cycle Ic). Middle Devonian eustatic fluctuations are firmly documented only locally (in particular in the expanding Łysogóry-Kostomłoty intrashelf basin), with exception of the latest Givetian (IIb) flooding which was a turning point in the bank-to reef evolution over whole of the southern Polish-Moravian platform. Late Devonian drowning stages, and reef demise due to late Frasnian rapid eustatic movements (IId) are well known, as well as sea-level drops in the middle and latest Famennian. The Polish shelf successions exhibit an uncertain event record in the widespread Eifelian dolomitic succession, the two-stage inception of the early Frasnian (IIc) transgression (of the presumed global pattern), and probably the supra-regional late Frasnian (pre-Kellwasser) regressive-epeirogenic episode.},

note = {42},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-5844360684,

title = {Palaeontology in Science Citation Index 1995},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-5844360684&doi=10.1111%2fj.1502-3931.1997.tb00439.x&partnerID=40&md5=dc99df18d57daf0876067906a521e7ec},

doi = {10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00439.x},

issn = {00241164},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Lethaia},

volume = {30},

number = {1},

pages = {17-18},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis A.S.},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0345991247,

title = {Nauki geologiczne w Science Citation Index - Aneks},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0345991247&partnerID=40&md5=3201c4430ceeff84d3249bd79fd27f31},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {44},

number = {9},

pages = {931-932},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0004398143,

title = {Geologia polska w świetle Science Citation Index},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0004398143&partnerID=40&md5=246dcbd9f1cb47ff03707e8a1e283dc0},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {44},

number = {9},

pages = {928-930},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0029503660,

title = {Improvements suggested for the Devonian eustatic curve [Co dalej z dewonska krzywa eustatyczna?]},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0029503660&partnerID=40&md5=a531002806fdaa96fc02aba94108b7be},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {43},

number = {8},

pages = {632-636},

abstract = {Results of the international symposium on Devonian eustasy in Moscow in July 1994, as well as ideas presented in several recent publications markedly confirmed an overall global control of major facies movements by Devonian sea-level fluctuations. More numerous recognizable sea-level falls seem to be especially important to understanding of Devonian successions in terms of sequence stratigraphy. Such an improved eustatic curve would be a reliable chronostratigraphic framework for event interpretation of sedimentary basin histories. -from English summary},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027866333,

title = {Givetian and Frasnian calcareous microbiotas of the Holy Cross Mountains},

author = { G. Racki and J. Sobon-Podgorska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027866333&partnerID=40&md5=60b92abfc10177ca7fc67eb1037df0de},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {37},

number = {2-4},

pages = {255-289},

abstract = {Each developmental phase of the Givetian to Frasnian carbonate complex of the southern Holy Cross Mts is marked by distinctive calcareous microbiota. The Stringocephalus bank deposits contain a very rich, well-preserved microproblematica. In the late Givetian biostromal complex more sparse microfossil associations occur. Also in the Frasnian back-reef facies, only limited and poorly preserved calcispheroids are identified. Contrarily, reef- and fore-reef microbiotas were present in great profusion. Microbial mats associated with locally frequent solenoporids and multichambered foraminifera played a significant depositional role and evidence progressive shoaling conditions within the Dyminy reef-complex. -from Authors},

note = {38},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027847104,

title = {Evolution of the bank to reef complex in the Devonian of the Holy Cross Mountains},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027847104&partnerID=40&md5=586285755fbd205013438726dd02b054},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {37},

number = {2-4},

pages = {87-182},

abstract = {After the Eifelian hypersaline sabkha phase, an extensive two-step regional colonization of the Kielce Region carbonate platform took place during the Eifelian/Givetian passage interval and the Middle Givetian. At least four deepening pulses resulted in intermittent drowning of the vast carbonate platform and sequential replacement of the undifferentiated Stringocephalus biostromal bank by the Sitkowka bank complex and, subsequently, by the Dyminy reef complex. The reef developed in the central Dyminy belt as result of the early Frasnian accelerated sea-level rise after some period of biotic stagnation near the Givetian-Frasnian boundary. Final demise of the reef resulted from combined eustatic and tectonic movements during the late Frasnian. -from Author},

note = {162},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027838099,

title = {Brachiopod assemblages in the Devonian Kowala Formation of the Holy Cross Mountains},

author = { G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027838099&partnerID=40&md5=43d6afe8a0c6e87218af9fa79acaeabd},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {37},

number = {2-4},

pages = {297-357},

abstract = {Brachiopod faunas from the Devonian stromatoporoid-coral series (Kowala Formation) of the southern Holy Cross Mts comprise at least 60 species, atrypids and ambocoeliid spiriferids being the most common. Faunal dynamics of the brachiopods were controlled primarily by eustatic cycles and the evolution of the carbonate shelf. Generally this was a four-step succession from the stringocephalid to the ambocoeliid, atrypid (or cyrtospiriferid), and rhynchonellid faunas. -from Author},

note = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027836158,

title = {Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle to Upper Devonian boundary beds in the Kielce area of the Holy Cross Mts},

author = { G. Racki and P. Bultynck},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027836158&partnerID=40&md5=a7511d453c2a2788d3a793f1b7422a04},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {43},

number = {1-2},

pages = {1-25},

abstract = {Principal stages in development of the conodont faunas of the passage facies area between the Kielce stromatoporoid-coral platform and Lysogory intrashelf basin (sensu lato) in the vicinity of Kielce, the Holy Cross Mts, Central Poland, were apparently controlled by facies changeovers stemming from stewise drowning of the Kielce shoal area. Abrupt transitions from an improverished polygnathid to polygnathid-ancyrodellid to that of diverse pelagic polygnathid-mesotaxid (or icriodontid) biofacies, were a response to pulsatory eustatic rises. A sequence of early Ancyrodella species, crucial for recognition of the Middle-Upper Devonian boundary, is established at Wietrznia and Czarnow sections; in particular, a phyletic succession in the Wietrznia-I profile permits subdivision of the Mesotaxis falsiovalis Zone into at least 3 Ancyrodella levels of global correlation potential. -from Authors},

note = {53},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027804923,

title = {Givetian and Frasnian ostracod associations from the Holy Cross Mountains},

author = { J. Malec and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027804923&partnerID=40&md5=617e14bd5a36f32bdd2ea544aff85e35},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeonotologica Polonica},

volume = {37},

number = {2-4},

pages = {359-384},

abstract = {Variable bioclastic-biostromal-marly Poslowice facies within the Late Givetian open-shelf Jazwica Member in the SW part of the Holy Cross Mts contain palaeocopid-podocopid ostracod associations of moderate diversity dominated by Microcheilinella fecunda and Fellerites tuimazensis. More deep-water and stagnant environments of the Bolechowice micrite-marly facies, supported similarly differentiated but less equitable associations. Other late Givetian, and Frasnian reef and lagoonal microfaunas are mostly impoverished and strongly predominated by podocopids. Late Givetian associations from the Kostomloty basin are marked by the metacopid Polyzygia symmetrica, and the planktic entomozoid Ungerella torleyi. -from Authors},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0027802425,

title = {Ichthyoliths and deepening events in the Devonian carbonate platform of the Holy Cross Mountains},

author = { J. Liszkowski and G. Racki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027802425&partnerID=40&md5=9449e7db6378e14bb9cb112b75ca9032},

issn = {05677920},

year  = {1993},

date = {1993-01-01},

journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},

volume = {37},

number = {2-4},

pages = {407-426},

abstract = {Disarticulated fish microremains from the Middle Givetian to early Frasnian of the Holy Cross Mts include representatives of the most groups known from the Devonian: Taxonomic identifications are possible usually only in very general terms and only in two cases the generic level has been reached: Phoebodus among euselachians, and Moythomasia among paleoniscids. Many of these groups, regarded traditionally as typical dwellers of lacustrine to restricted marine nearshore biotopes, apparently flourished also in the offshore, open shelf carbonate (peri-reef) settings. -from Authors},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}