@article{2-s2.0-85178353318,

title = {Classification of Water Reservoirs in Terms of Ice Phenomena Using Advanced Statistical Methods—The Case of the Silesian Upland (Southern Poland)},

author = { M. Rzętała and M. Topolski and M. Solarski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178353318&doi=10.3390%2fw15223925&partnerID=40&md5=4c09e10a877f645579e5b913727cc2be},

doi = {10.3390/w15223925},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {15},

number = {22},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Ice phenomena occurring in water bodies are an important indicator of natural changes (e.g.; climate change) and the possibilities for economic use of water bodies (e.g.; using the ice cover); hence, there is a need to adopt new advanced statistical methods for the purpose of their analysis and assessment. Material for this study was collected for three winter seasons in 39 water bodies in the Silesian Upland (southern Poland). Nine variables were used in the analysis, of which three pertained to the features of the water bodies studied (surface area; mean depth; the amount of water retained), and six pertained patterns to of ice phenomena (average near-surface water temperature during ice phenomena; average and maximum ice thickness; the number of days with ice phenomena; the number of days with ice cover; and average thickness of the snow accumulated on ice). The centroid class principal component analysis (CCPCA) method was found to be the most precise of the five methods used in the study for classifying water bodies in terms of their ice regimes. It enabled the most accurate division of the group of water bodies covered by the study in terms of their ice regimes in conjunction with their morphometric features and hydrological types. The presented method of classifying water bodies using advanced statistical methods is an original proposal, which was used for the first time in limnological research and in the analysis of ice phenomena. © 2023 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85149917244,

title = {Toxic Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids in Bottom Sediments as a Geoecological Indicator of a Water Body’s Suitability for Recreational Use},

author = { M.A. Rzętała and R. Machowski and M. Solarski and D. Bakota and A. Płomiński and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149917244&doi=10.3390%2fijerph20054334&partnerID=40&md5=1bbaf32b72099df3486e225dc1447da5},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph20054334},

issn = {16617827},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},

volume = {20},

number = {5},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {The study of bottom sediments was conducted within the basins of water bodies used for recreational purposes (e.g.; bathing; fishing and diving) in the Silesian Upland and its periphery in southern Poland. Various concentrations of trace elements were found in bottom sediments, reflected by the following levels: Pb (30–3020 mg/kg), Zn (142–35;300 mg/kg), Cd (0.7–286 mg/kg), Ni (10–115 mg/kg), Cu (11–298 mg/kg), Co (3–40 mg/kg), Cr (22–203 mg/kg), As (8–178 mg/kg), Ba (263–19;300 mg/kg), Sb (0.9–52.5 mg/kg), Br (1–31 mg/kg), Sr (63–510 mg/kg) and S (0.001–4.590%). These trace elements are present in amounts that usually exceed those found in other bodies of water or are sometimes even unprecedented among bodies of water in the world (e.g.; cadmium—286 mg/kg; zinc—35;300 mg/kg; lead—3020 mg/kg; arsenic—178 mg/kg). It was found that bottom sediments were contaminated to varying degrees with toxic metals, metalloids and non-metals, as evidenced by the values of geoecological indicators, i.e., the geoaccumulation index (−6.31 < Igeo < 10.90), the sediment contamination factor (0.0 ≤ (Formula presented.) < 286.0), the sediment contamination degree (4.6 < Cd < 513.1) and the ratios of the concentrations found to the regional geochemical background (0.5 < IRE < 196.9). It was concluded that the presence of toxic elements (e.g.; lead; zinc; cadmium; chromium; strontium and arsenic) in bottom sediments should be taken into account when classifying water bodies as suitable for recreational use. A maximum ratio of the concentrations found to the regional geochemical background of IRE ≤ 5.0 was proposed as the threshold for the permissibility of recreational use of water bodies. The water bodies used for recreational purposes in the Silesian Upland and its periphery do not meet the geoecological conditions for safe use in terms of recreation and leisure activities. Forms of their recreational use that directly affect the participants’ health (e.g.; fishing and the consumption of fish and other aquatic organisms) should be abandoned. © 2023 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85143650239,

title = {A Comparison of Model Calculations of Ice Thickness with the Observations on Small Water Bodies in Katowice Upland (Southern Poland)},

author = { M. Solarski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143650239&doi=10.3390%2fw14233886&partnerID=40&md5=6416e8bb91519bfc20f1d9f04005ee80},

doi = {10.3390/w14233886},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {14},

number = {23},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Small bodies of water in densely populated areas have not yet been thoroughly studied in terms of their ice cover. Filling the existing research gap related to ice cover occurrence is therefore important for identifying natural processes (e.g.; response to climate warming and water oxygenation in winter), and also has socio-economic significance (e.g.; reducing the risk of loss of health and life for potential ice cover users). This paper addresses the issue of determining the utility of two simple empirical models based on the accumulated freezing degree-days (AFDD) formula for predicting maximum ice thickness in water bodies. The study covered 11 small anthropogenic water bodies located in the Katowice Upland and consisted of comparing the values obtained from modelling with actual ice thicknesses observed during three winter seasons (2009/2010; 2010/2011; and 2011/2012). The best fit was obtained between the values observed and those calculated using Stefan’s formula with an empirical coefficient of 0.014. A poorer fit was obtained for Zubov’s formula (with the exception of the 2011/2012 season), which is primarily due to the fact that this model does not account for the thickness of the snow accumulated on the ice cover. Bengst’cise forecasting of the state of the ice cover and the provision of the relevant information to interested users will increase the safety of using such water bodies in climate warming conditions, reducing the number of accidents. © 2022 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125154026,

title = {Hypsometric changes in urban areas resulting from multiple years of mining activity},

author = { M. Solarski and R. Machowski and M. Rzętała and M.A. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125154026&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-022-06847-8&partnerID=40&md5=a23d658ae3d2a0109e866c48895debed},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-06847-8},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Research},

abstract = {The impact of multiple years of underground mining of minerals on changes in the elevation of an urban area has been evaluated using the case study of Bytom in southern Poland. Between 1883 and 2011, that city experienced changes in absolute minimum (from 250.0 to 243.0 m a.s.l.) and maximum (from 340.0 to 348.4 m a.s.l.) elevations. During that period, the difference between minimum and maximum elevations increased from 90.0 to 105.4 m. The consequence of underground mining has been the formation of extensive subsidence basins with a maximum depth of 35 m. Where the terrain became raised, its elevation rose most commonly by 1.1 m to 5.0 m, with maximum increase in elevation caused by human activity amounting to 35 m. The rate of anthropogenic subsidence in the city between 1883 and 2011 averaged 43 mm/year (5.5 m over the study period). © 2022, The Author(s).},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85136935995,

title = {Determinants of Spatial Variability of Ice Thickness in Lakes in High Mountains of the Temperate Zone—The Case of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { M. Solarski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136935995&doi=10.3390%2fw14152360&partnerID=40&md5=2a20a10f4c9af23ecf34c74f7e557b82},

doi = {10.3390/w14152360},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {14},

number = {15},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Vertical and horizontal variation in the ice cover of mountain lakes in the temperate climate zone has not been thoroughly studied. The study concerned ice phenomena in four lakes located in the Tatra National Park in the Tatra Mountains (the Czarny Staw Gąsienicowy; Czarny Staw pod Rysami; Morskie Oko; and Smreczyński Staw). The research, which was conducted in the 2018/2019 winter season, included an analysis of variability in atmospheric conditions, an analysis of presence of ice phenomena on satellite images, field work (measurements of ice layer and of snow and slush layer thickness were conducted at a total of 151 sites), and statistical analyses. It was determined that negative air temperature was just one factor among those that determined the maximum thickness of the ice forming on lakes in high mountains. It was found that in addition to ambient thermal conditions, a major factor affecting the magnitude of variation in lake ice thickness was the thickness of the snow overlying the ice and its spatial variability. Thicker ice cover tended to form in areas where a thick layer of snow was deposited. The decisive factor that contributed to a significant variation in ice thickness between lakes was the uneven accretion of snow ice from above. The maximum ice thickness values modeled using Stefan’s formula were significantly underestimated (accounting for 38–61% of the ice thickness measured) relative to the highest ice thickness values found empirically at the end of the winter season. Study results fill a gap in our knowledge and methodology related to vertical and horizontal variation in the ice cover of mountain lakes; they also have significant applications, indicating the risk of winter use of water bodies with different ice cover structure, thickness, and extent. © 2022 by the authors.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85130705082,

title = {The Impact of Revolutions and Terrorist Attacks on Tourism. Case Study: Egypt},

author = { D. Bakota and M. Morga and A. Płomiński and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130705082&doi=10.14505%2fjemt.v13.2%2858%29.06&partnerID=40&md5=aef68f96d0a0b2fcf7e849e543620a56},

doi = {10.14505/jemt.v13.2(58).06},

issn = {20687729},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism},

volume = {13},

number = {2},

pages = {354-366},

publisher = {ASERS Publishing House},

abstract = {The essence of the research concerns the impact of armed conflicts and terrorist attacks on the arrivals of foreign tourists with Egypt selected as the testing ground. It was found that revolutions and terrorist attacks have a negative impact on the development of the tourism industry – following the social unrest that took place in Egypt in the years 1997, 2011 and 2015, the number of arrivals of foreign tourists decreased by: 13%, 33% and 42% respectively (depending on countries of the world the reduction of the flow of tourists was within the range of 21-78%). The decrease in the number of tourists which takes place after a terrorist attack is short-lived and usually does not last longer than a year, whereas the consequences of a revolution are noticeable for tourism for a period of 3 to 5 years. According to respondents, the most important consequence of social unrest (protests; demonstrations; terrorist attacks) for tourism is a drop in the number of arrivals of foreign tourists, reduction in the income generated by tourism, decline in employment in tourism and the general slowdown in the development of tourism. © 2022, ASERS Publishing House. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85110514822,

title = {Methodological approaches to phytomediation of productive processes in chalk quarry reservoirs of Belarus},

author = { A.I. Ramanchuk and T.A. Makarevich and S. Khomitch and R. Machowski and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85110514822&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2021.107995&partnerID=40&md5=b4064fc05cdb0f609b7836debcaaa1ed},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107995},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {129},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {As concerns field work, bathymetric measurements as well as measurements of physical and chemical parameters of water were conducted, and samples were collected for laboratory tests, which included quantitative and qualitative hydrobiological analyses concerning e.g. the abundance, biomass and species composition of phytoplankton, seston and chlorophyll. Six water bodies (situated in flooded chalk pits) with different morphometric parameters (areas ranging from 2.22 to 37.67 ha; depths ranging from 5.1 to 23.0 m and nearshore shallow areas ranging from 0.39 to 2.64 ha) and with different bioproductive characteristics of water mass (eg. transparency – 1.2–6.8 m; phosphates – 0.002–0.110 mg/dm3; nitrates – 0.040–0.600 mg NO-3/dm3; biomass of phytoplankton – 0.075–1.801 mg/dm3; seston – 0.73–5.56 mg/dm3) were selected for the study of the phytomediation mechanism. The specificity of structural and functional relationships between the abiotic and biotic components of productive-macrophyte and productive-phytoplankton reservoirs is determined. It was established that macrophyte water bodies in flooded chalk pits are able to maintain their basic production and trophic characteristics in the long term under anthropogenic influence conditions. An algorithm is proposed for calculating the level (E – 89.58–115.13), productivity index (K – 11.16–54.15) and gradient (E – 2.1–9.8) of eutrophication of chalk (limestone) quarry reservoirs using the morphometric specificity indicator of the trophogenic epilimnial layer (Sτ – 0.05–0.270). The revealed dependence of the productive and functional organization and trophic status of a quarry reservoir on the morphometric features of a technogenic basin is proposed to be used in the design of sustainably functioning macrophyte-type aquatic systems at the stage of mining and engineering reclamation. The possibility of creating ecologically sustainable lake-type aquatic systems on the site of resource depleted chalk quarries in the process of phytomediation of productive processes is substantiated. Research on innovative methods of reclamation of flooded chalk pits is in line with several sustainable development goals. © 2021 The Authors},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85107401967,

title = {Uzbekistan’s aquatic environment and water management as an area of interest for hydrology and thematic tourism},

author = { J. Różkowski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107401967&doi=10.14505%2fjemt.v12.3%2851%29.04&partnerID=40&md5=702ceacabd5f70b5bb98032709df094a},

doi = {10.14505/jemt.v12.3(51).04},

issn = {20687729},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism},

volume = {12},

number = {3},

pages = {642-653},

publisher = {ASERS Publishing House},

abstract = {The functioning of Uzbekistan’s economy is closely linked to the water resources of its huge cross-border rivers: the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, as well as to the groundwater present within their basins. Both natural lakes and artificial reservoirs (e.g. the Aydar-Arnasay system of lakes; the Kayrakkum Reservoir; the Chardarya Reservoir) are present there, which retain significant amounts of water, and large canals with lengths of up to several hundred kilometres which involve complex hydraulic structures are used for irrigation purposes. All these are components of a water management system which needs optimisation; as much as 80% of agricultural land is irrigated, with 70% of the water being lost due to inefficient irrigation systems. The consequence of this allocation of river flows and the overuse of water in irrigation systems has been the disappearance of the Aral Sea (1960 year – 68;900 km2; 2017 year – 8;600 km2) and the inflow of water into the Sarygamysh Lake as well as the reduction of Uzbekistan’s groundwater resources by about 40%. The intensive development of irrigated agriculture is associated with changes in surface and groundwater quality caused, inter alia, by the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and the discharge of collector-drainage waters into river systems as well as their reuse. The extent of environmental degradation in some areas (especially in the Aral Sea region) is unique on a global scale. The origins of Uzbekistan’s other hydrological tourist attractions are related to attempts to ensure the availability of water for both human consumption and industrial use under conditions of water scarcity in the country’s arid and semi-arid climates. Not just the spectacular watercourses and water bodies present there (e.g. rivers; lakes; canals), but also small water retention facilities and minor infrastructure elements (e.g. wells; springs and retention basins; canals; ditches and flow control structures) are of potential tourist importance. © 2021, ASERS Publishing House. All rights reserved.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85107267992,

title = {Changes in the Thickness of Ice Cover on Water Bodies Subject to Human Pressure (Silesian Upland, Southern Poland)},

author = { M. Solarski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107267992&doi=10.3389%2ffeart.2021.675216&partnerID=40&md5=36bfd3936a608c8ab228f8a90f8e023f},

doi = {10.3389/feart.2021.675216},

issn = {22966463},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science},

volume = {9},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {The paper discusses the reasons behind the variation in the thickness of ice on 39 anthropogenic water bodies located in the Silesian Upland (southern Poland). The studies were conducted over the course of three consecutive winter seasons. The measurements and observations were scheduled every 2 days during the freezing and ablation of the ice, and every 4 days when ice cover was present. Each time the thickness of the ice cover and the snow layer covering it were measured. The results show that the 35 water bodies studied are characterized by a similar—quasi-natural—ice regime, in which ice thickness variation depends mostly on the air temperature and the thickness of the snow layer covering the ice. The ice thickness on those water bodies does not significantly differ from that observed on lakes located in northern Poland, measuring on average from circa 4 to 21 cm, and with maximum thicknesses ranging from circa 14 to 40 cm, depending on the season. Four water bodies are characterized by different ice conditions; in their case the average and maximum ice thickness was significantly lower. In the Niezdara N water body this was caused by the inflow of warmer potamic water (quasi-natural regime), whereas in Pod Borem, Sośnicka, and Somerek it was caused by discharges of warm mine water (anthropogenic regime). © Copyright © 2021 Solarski and Rzetala.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85097526573,

title = {The disaster as a factor in the development of modern tourism. A study case based on the chernobyl nuclear power plant},

author = { D. Bakota and R. Machowski and A. Płomiński and A.I. Ramanchuk and M. Rzętała and L. Zastavetska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85097526573&doi=10.14505%2fjemt.11.7%2847%29.14&partnerID=40&md5=bc6356b09daf6947be630da4827659c6},

doi = {10.14505/jemt.11.7(47).14},

issn = {20687729},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism},

volume = {11},

number = {7},

pages = {1729-1741},

publisher = {ASERS Publishing House},

abstract = {The destination which attracts tourists is the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone established in the area of radioactive contamination within a radius of 10 to 30 km around the plant. The main tourist attraction of the zone is the infrastructure of the inactive nuclear power plant, notably reactor no. 4 covered with a concrete and steel sarcophagus. The abandoned city of Pripyat, called the "ghost town", is also of unique value to tourism. The "Duga" radar station (also dubbed "The Eye of Moscow"), an artefact of the Cold War, also lies within the zone accessible to tourists. These sites, with their mysterious and dark history, are a magnet for an increasing number of tourist groups. In 1995 the zone was visited by 900 tourists. Subsequent years have brought a regular annual growth in the number of visitors to 17,800 in 2013. A decline came in 2014 (8400), which was caused by the political situation in Ukraine (e.g. Euromajdan). The last five years (2015-2019) are characterised by a very large annual increase in the number of tourists, and in some years, an almost a doubling of the humbers compared to the previous year (2015 – 16;400; 2016 – 35;100; 2017 – 46;136; 2018 – 71;869; 2019 – 124;001). © 2020 by ASERS® Publishing. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090892058,

title = {Ice regime of the Kozlowa Góra reservoir (Southern Poland) as an indicator of changes of the thermal conditions of ambient air},

author = { M. Solarski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090892058&doi=10.3390%2fw12092435&partnerID=40&md5=33b13a5a3fdb7cbaf73a105b294963aa},

doi = {10.3390/w12092435},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {12},

number = {9},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Ice phenomena are construed as the occurrence of ice in water irrespective of its structure, form, and duration. One of the most frequently discussed research problems is the possibility of using long-term ice phenology as an indicator of changes of the thermal conditions of ambient air. The study used correlation analysis and regression models in order to determine changes in the parameters studied over time. In order to compare the ice regime of the study reservoir and other lakes in the region, discriminant function analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), and canonical redundancy analysis (RDA) were applied. During the 52 winter seasons studied (1964-2015), there were weak but still statistically significant trends concerning the increase in air temperature in the region (by 0.3 °C per decade), the reduction in the number of days with ice cover (by 8.6 days per decade) and the decline in the maximum and average thicknesses of lake ice (by 2.0 cm and 1.2 cm per decade). The low average depth and volume capacity are reflected in the rapid freezing rate of the reservoir, and its location results in a longer duration of ice cover, greater ice thickness, and later dates of its melting. © 2020 by the authors.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85073053924,

title = {Anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of bottom sediments of water bodies in the neighborhood of a non-ferrous metal smelter (Silesian Upland, Southern Poland)},

author = { R. Machowski and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rzętała and M. Solarski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073053924&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-51027-w&partnerID=40&md5=3cabff15cc551a721df8218572a3f290},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-51027-w},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},

abstract = {An assessment was carried out of the anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of the bottom sediments of water bodies situated in an area with an urban and industrial character (63.7% of the total area). The endorheic catchments of the water bodies studied are lithologically uniform with sandy formations accounting for more than 90% of the surface area. On the basis of geoaccumulation index values, it was found that the bottom sediments of the water bodies studied were contaminated with the following elements: Cd, Zn, S, As, Pb, Sr, Co, Cr, Cu, Ba, Ni, V, Be, in degrees ranging from moderate to extreme, with lower contamination (or absence of contamination) with the same elements being found in the formations present in the vicinity and in the substrate of the basins of water bodies. It was found that one consequence of the fact that these water bodies are located in urban and industrial areas is that there is anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of bottom sediments with certain basic components (organic matter; Mn; Ca and P compounds) and trace elements: Cd, Zn, Pb, Sb, As, Cu and Co, Br, Ni, S, Be, Cs, Sr, V, Cr, Sc, Ba, U, Ce, Eu and Th, with virtually no enrichment of sediments with the other basic and trace components analysed (La; Rb; K2O; Nd; Sm; Na2O; Hf; SiO2; Zr). © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85071756169,

title = {Composition and physico-chemical properties of bottom sediments in the southern part of the Bratsk Reservoir (Russia)},

author = { M. Rzętała and V.A. Babicheva and M.A. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071756169&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-49228-4&partnerID=40&md5=7320628c529734a350f78517512cd972},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-49228-4},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},

abstract = {The paper presents the results of studies of bottom sediments taken from the southern part of the Bratsk Reservoir. The following analyses have been conducted: trace element analysis, particle-size analysis as well as chemical analysis of water, hydrochloric acid and alkaline extracts for 18 samples of the bottom sediments. The granulometric analysis has identified the predominance of fine silt and silty-clayed sediments. The data on the content of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the Bratsk Reservoir is presented in comparison with their content in the natural environment of the Baikal region; the anomaly ratio was used to characterize the excess for trace elements. The chemical analysis of extracts has showed “saline contamination” of mud (silt), high concentration of carbonates in it, as well as the presence of mobile (free) forms of aluminum oxide. In this research, an attempt was made by using a correlation analysis to evaluate the impact of various physical and chemical characteristics of the bottom sediments, such as the content of clay fraction, organic carbon, carbonates, and water-soluble salts on the accumulation of trace elements. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85081665024,

title = {Key factors for tourist and recreational use of quarry ponds of Belarus and Poland},

author = { S. Khomitch and A.I. Ramanchuk and A. Daniltchenko and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081665024&doi=10.30892%2fgtg.27401-420&partnerID=40&md5=f44fbab3764e16d75752248a2a986eb5},

doi = {10.30892/gtg.27401-420},

issn = {20650817},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites},

volume = {27},

number = {4},

pages = {1114-1133},

publisher = {Editura Universitatii din Oradea},

abstract = {The paper discusses the potential use of quarry ponds in Belarus for tourist and recreational use. As a result of complex limnologic research the key factors for the sustainable function of recreational use of quarry ponds has been determined. These man-made quarry ponds bare a principal resemblance to the natural lakes of the region through macrophytes production, functional organization, and low trophic status. Among the ten quarry ponds that were investigated, Belarus' water and industrial restoration of former chalk pits revealed that there are two trophic types of quarry ponds. The first type are those with macrophytes orientation, which are ecologically sustainable and would thrive under the impacts of recreational use. The second type are those where phytoplankton can be found, which are less sustainable for recreational use. By examining the morphometry of the base of quarry ponds one is able to determine the type of quarry pond. Sustainable function of artificial water systems for tourist and recreational purposes shall be secured by balancing tourist and recreational use dependent upon the type of quarry pond and level of trophic status. © 2019 Editura Universitatii din Oradea. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84990217604,

title = {Geomorphological and Hydrological Effects of Subsidence and Land use Change in Industrial and Urban Areas},

author = { R. Machowski and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rzętała and M. Solarski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84990217604&doi=10.1002%2fldr.2475&partnerID=40&md5=f2d4ddae53d38553de8d3e9054905110},

doi = {10.1002/ldr.2475},

issn = {10853278},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Land Degradation and Development},

volume = {27},

number = {7},

pages = {1740-1752},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Land subsidence caused by mining activities is an example of human transformation of the natural environment and leads to changes in land use. The study covers an area of 958 ha in the Silesian Upland, southern Poland. Records from the period 1890–1990 document the presence of subsidence effects in 82.9% of the study area and the maximum displacement figure is more than 30 m which translates to an average rate of 0.3 m per year. It was found that subsidence basins serve as the new local erosion base and new sedimentation basins. They are filled with sediments whose level of pollution ranges from moderate to heavy and extremely heavy. Subsidence has caused a dramatic change in the local hydrology, including the quality and quantity of the water. The specifics involve: the emergence of new closed drainage catchments with a total area of 651.1 ha; an increase in the total watercourse length (from 0.9 to 5.7 km); an increase in the river network density (from 0.09 to 0.56 km km−2); a decrease in the number (from 81 to 48) and an increase in the area (from 23.8 to 58.4 ha) of lakes and ponds; an increase in the lake coverage ratio (from 2.5% to 6.1%) and in water pollution. Subsidence has limited the potential land uses, which led to a decrease in arable land from 619.0 to 122.5 ha that gave way to other land uses, including those equivalent to wasteland. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84928801571,

title = {The development of freshwater deltas and their environmental and economic significance},

author = { M.A. Rzętała and A. Jaguś and R. Machowski and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928801571&doi=10.1515%2feces-2015-0007&partnerID=40&md5=138e1ec979b01d568c3f10f3d4cba087},

doi = {10.1515/eces-2015-0007},

issn = {18986196},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S},

volume = {22},

number = {1},

pages = {107-123},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {The article presents the results of studies concerning the delta forms that arise as a result of the sedimentation of the debris fed to water bodies by watercourses. The study covered several dozen anthropogenic water bodies in the Upper Silesia region, which is well known for its high degree of urbanisation and industrialisation. Basic research work included morphometric measurements of deltas, analyses of the mechanical and chemical composition of delta sediments and analyses of the chemical composition of the common reed growing on the deltas. The research has demonstrated that the deltas exhibit certain characteristics typical of anthropogenic forms that result from the pollutants found in watercourses. In delta sediments, grains of sand usually dominate, but in many cases the share of the < 0.02 mm fraction is as high as ca. 30%. Sediments often contain fine coal and other organic pollutants, which is reflected by high weight loss on ignition. The content of trace elements in delta sediments is usually many times higher than the geochemical background for all types of sedimentary rocks. Deltas are an environment where pollutants accumulate and some of them are assimilated by plants. The content of macro elements in common reed tissues from different deltas does not vary widely while the content of trace elements often results from their content in the sediments. The material that forms deltas can be extracted and in some cases even used as fuel. © 2015 by Martyna A. Rzętała.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84920707150,

title = {Water storage possibilities in Lake Baikal and in reservoirs impounded by the dams of the Angara River cascade},

author = { A. Jaguś and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84920707150&doi=10.1007%2fs12665-014-3166-0&partnerID=40&md5=8f86307f8b70b6ce43ea8d411b9245aa},

doi = {10.1007/s12665-014-3166-0},

issn = {18666280},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Earth Sciences},

volume = {73},

number = {2},

pages = {621-628},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {The construction of four dams on the Angara River, which flows out from Lake Baikal, has resulted in the creation of the largest water storage system in the world. The first dam is situated 55 km away from the location where the river flows out from Lake Baikal and it impounds the Irkutsk Reservoir holding 2.1 km3of water and increasing water level in Lake Baikal. In this manner, the volume of water in the Lake has increased by about 37 km3. The second dam, which is located at Bratsk, is 125 m high at its maximum, and has caused the flooding of a 570 km-long reach of the Angara River valley. The Bratsk Reservoir can hold 168.2 km3of water. The third reservoir, with its dam at Ust-Ilimsk, has a capacity of 58.9 km3. Outflow across the dam cross-section is about 3,000 m3 s−1of water. This partly serves to fill the fourth reservoir which is currently being constructed, the Boguchany Reservoir, impounded by a dam at Kodinsk. This reservoir will hold 58.2 km3of water. Management of this storage is used to prevent floods, but the main objective is to use the reservoirs as sources of hydroelectric power. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84904578935,

title = {Eutrophication of water reservoirs under anthropogenic, agricultural and industrial impacts (example of Southern Poland)},

author = { M.A. Rzętała and M. Solarski and A. Pradela and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84904578935&partnerID=40&md5=64dc636fba0e5acfacf5ca900b60517d},

issn = {09720626},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment},

volume = {18},

number = {4},

pages = {49-55},

publisher = {International Congress of Chemistry and Environment},

abstract = {The purpose of the study was to identify the trophic level in retention water bodies located in Southern Poland (Central Europe). Thirty nine different water bodies were selected for study. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the chlorophyll concentration was measured in the epilimnion layer of these reservoirs throughout the 2012 hydrological year. The water transparency during the summer season was also measured using the Secchi disc method. Based on the chlorophyll content and Secchi disc visibility, the Trophic State Index (TSI) values were calculated for chlorophyll α and Secchi disc visibility (Carlson method) and for chlorophyll α alone (Walker method). Additional measurements included the pH, dissolved oxygen, oxygenation and conductivity of the water. As demonstrated by the analyses conducted in the experiment, the annual average chlorophyll α content varied from approximately 2.5 ug/L in oligotrophic reservoirs (such as for example Pogoria III and Kuźnica Warȩżyńska), up to more than 70 ug/L in retention reservoirs holding strongly eutrophicated water (i.e. Rozlewisko Bytomki and Żabie Doły N). Water transparency ranged from over 5 m in oligotrophic reservoirs (5.1 m in Pogoria III and 5.5 m in Kuźnica Warȩżyńska), down to less than 0.5 m in hypertrophic reservoirs (Kamieniec -0.35 m and Rozlewisko Bytomki -0.45 m ). Based on the calculated TSI indicators and the classifications found in bibliographic sources covering chlorophyll content, the reservoirs covered by the study were classified according to their specific trophic type. There were three reservoirs classified as oligotrophic and eight as mesotrophic water bodies. There were 28 reservoirs at various stages of eutrophication, ranging from mesoeutrophic (3 reservoirs), eutrophic (18), to water bodies demonstrating seasonal or permanent signs of hypertrophy (7).},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84890367386,

title = {Variations in the chemical composition of bottom deposits in anthropogenic lakes},

author = { M. Rzętała and A. Jaguś and M.A. Rzętała and O. Rahmonov and M. Rahmonov and V. Khak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84890367386&partnerID=40&md5=d7eab7978cc5223a9ee1f20246796bcc},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {22},

number = {6},

pages = {1799-1805},

abstract = {South-central Poland has thousands of anthropogenic lakes. Our study investigated the diversity of the chemical composition and concentration of trace elements in the lake bottom deposits. Particle size distribution was determined using sieve analysis and the combined areometric-sieve method. Concentrations of oxides (SiO2; TiO2; Al2O3; Fe2O3; MnO; MgO; CaO; Na2O; K2O; P2O5) were determined in sediments using the ICP method. Moreover, loss on ignition was measured and concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Ni were determined. Concentrations of As, Ba, Cs, Cr, Co, Ag, and Th were determined using the INAA method. Study results revealed considerable variation in the particle size distribution and chemical composition of bottom sediments. In broad terms the dominant grain size is >0.1 mm. Two other fraction sizes account for roughly equal proportions of the rest, i.e. 0.1-0.02 mm and <0.02 mm. As concerns overall composition, SiO2 dominated in samples, particularly those where loss on ignition was low. Bottom sediments in the lakes varies in chemistry and pollution levels. The scale of pollution is illustrated by the range of variability of average contents of trace elements in the bottom deposits, e.g.: As (7-63 mg•kg-1), Ba (262-1;630 mg•kg-1), Cs (1.6-134.0 mg•kg-1), Zn (83-3;720 mg•kg-1), Pb (28-731 mg•kg-1), Cr (22-146 mg•kg-1), Cd (0.5-50.3 mg•kg-1), and Cu (9- 197 mg•kg-1). The deviations from geochemical background standards found in the bottom sediments of the water bodies examined make them exceptional on a global scale.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84889790281,

title = {Self-purification of waters during creation of delta forms [Samooczyszczanie wód w procesie tworzenia form deltowych]},

author = { M.A. Rzętała and A. Jaguś and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84889790281&partnerID=40&md5=11fc2491e2792abd6dba46b159706b36},

issn = {1506218X},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

pages = {2510-2525},

publisher = {Koszalin University of Technology},

abstract = {The article concerns the self-purification of running waters in areas where they flow into water bodies. At such places, delta forms (alluvial fans; deltas) are created that are built up of the material accumulated by the watercourse. The study was conducted in the Upper Silesia region in southern Poland and concerned delta forms created in seven water bodies (Dzierżno Duże; Dzierżno Małe; Pogoria I; Po-goria III; Przeczyce; Kozłowa Góra; Pławniowice). The choice of the Upper Silesia region as the study area was dictated by the specific process whereby delta forms are created. In this region, which is among the most urbanised and industrialised in Poland, which results in most polluted surface waters. Running waters are heavily burdened with wastewater, by-products from processing minerals (particularly coal dust), technological water, sewage sludge, fertilisers, etc. The deposition of pollutants in river mouths leads to the rapid creation of delta forms with areas ranging from several hundred square metres to around 1 sq. km. The largest delta form has been created at the place where the Kłodnica River enters the Dzierżno Duże reservoir. During low water its area exceeds 1 sq. km and its thickness exceeds ten metres in some places. The overall volume of the Kłodnica River delta is estimated to be slightly over 2 million cu. m. Owing to the deposition that is taking place, running waters are subject to self-purification, particularly with respect to the solid particles they carry. This is a mechanical purification process. Apart from mineral substances, a significant amount of organic matter transported by the river is also deposited. The composition of delta sediments only partly reflects the characteristics of the substrate present in the catchments of the rivers that form the deltas in question, and the deposits often exhibit anthropogenic features. Delta sediments are a material that includes a large amount of organic matter, nutritional substances (mainly phosphorus compounds) and trace elements, including heavy metals. Concentrations of many elements exceed the levels characteristic of the natural geochemical background of sedimentary rocks. Therefore pollutants are immobilised, at least temporarily, during the process of creating the delta form, which protects the quality of the water in the water bodies. This purification effect is amplified by the vegetation overgrowing the deltas, which is dominated by common reed. This vegetation serves as a biological filter for waters that filter through it or remain stagnant, removing many pollutants by way of biological assimilation. Apart from their significance for water self-purification, deltas are important from the point of view of reducing the silting up of water bodies. Delta forms perform many functions in the natural environment as well. These include increasing the retention capacity of the surrounding area, shaping new habitats and increasing local biodiversity.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84885366441,

title = {Accumulation of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Irkutsk Reservoir},

author = { A. Jaguś and V. Khak and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885366441&doi=10.1504%2fIJENVH.2013.056976&partnerID=40&md5=9cd499570476de89e45cf61814f57d6d},

doi = {10.1504/IJENVH.2013.056976},

issn = {17434955},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environment and Health},

volume = {6},

number = {4},

pages = {350-362},

publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},

abstract = {The chemical composition of the bottom sediment, and more particularly the heavy metals content, reflects human developments and impacts on the catchment and reservoir's natural environment. The bottom sediments of the reservoir retained by the Irkutsk Dam have been analysed. The reservoir is mainly supplied by water from Lake Baikal. The following amounts of heavy metals have been found in the sediment samples analysed: cadmium - below detection threshold (<0.5 ppm), cobalt - from 16 ppm to 23 ppm, chromium - from 104 ppm to 243 ppm, copper - from 21 ppm to 35 ppm, mercury - below detection threshold (<1 ppm), molybdenum - below detection threshold (<2 ppm), nickel - from 44 ppm to 80 ppm, lead - from 13 ppm to 17 ppm and zinc - from 73 ppm to 98 ppm. Cobalt, chromium and nickel contents exceeded the natural geochemical background level. This may indicates anthropogenic impacts on the reservoir's geosystem. Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84869865123,

title = {The Late Vistulian and Holocene evolution of Jezioro Lake: A record of environmental change in southern Poland found in deposits and landforms},

author = { M. Fajer and J.M. Waga and M. Rzętała and A. Szymczyk and M. Nita and R. Machowski and M.A. Rzętała and M. Ruman},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84869865123&doi=10.1007%2fs10933-012-9634-1&partnerID=40&md5=82168d72d51f3f4d57fa98ca04d5a1ad},

doi = {10.1007/s10933-012-9634-1},

issn = {09212728},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Paleolimnology},

volume = {48},

number = {4},

pages = {651-667},

abstract = {Jezioro Lake is the only natural lake in southern Poland outside mountainous areas to have existed continuously since the Pleistocene. The record of environmental change in the Late Vistulian (Weichselian) and Holocene is preserved in the deposits and landforms around the lake. This paper presents the results of paleogeographical and paleoecological research that emabled us to reconstruct the history of the Jezioro Lake. At the end of the Vistulian period, the outlet of the lake was blocked by a parabolic dune moving in from the west. Limnic sedimentation was evident in the sediment core at all levels from the Holocene, with remains of Cladocera, Chironomidae larvae, and aquatic plants. The lake did not disappear at that time, although its area decreased by a factor of 12 by the end of the period. Paleobotanical research permitted the reconstruction of sequences of plant communities and changes in nutrient status and water level. An initial oligotrophic lake, as indicated by the presence of Isoëtes lacustris L., changed to a eutrophic lake, as indicated by the presence of Potamogeton natans L. and Nuphar sp., then the lake progressed to the present-day dystrophic lake that is surrounded by a swamp. The profile of organic deposits contains a record of environmental change at least since the Younger Dryas in southern Poland. © 2012 The Author(s).},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84857116280,

title = {New lake district in Europe: Origin and hydrochemical characteristics},

author = { M. Rzętała and A. Jaguś},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84857116280&doi=10.1111%2fj.1747-6593.2011.00269.x&partnerID=40&md5=bafd25a1be748e59d6eaf431c7f039d5},

doi = {10.1111/j.1747-6593.2011.00269.x},

issn = {17476585},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Water and Environment Journal},

volume = {26},

number = {1},

pages = {108-117},

abstract = {This article presents a new lake district in Southern Poland created as a result of human activity in the Upper Silesian region. The area has been named the Upper Silesian Anthropogenic Lake District. The lake density of the Lake District as delineated by the authors (with an area of 6766km 2) is 2.74%. It includes 4773 water bodies of various origins - reservoirs retained by dams, flooded mineral workings, water bodies formed in subsidence basins and hollows, levee ponds, residual water bodies following river regulation and other water bodies. These are located in urban-industrial, rural-agricultural or quasi-natural areas. The hydrochemical diversity of water bodies is conditioned by their origin, location in the catchment and function. Studies have shown the widespread occurrence of eutrophication processes in limnic waters within the Lake District. The diverse origin and hydrochemical properties of water bodies within the Upper Silesian Anthropogenic Lake District make it special among other anthropogenic lake districts. © 2011 The Authors. Water and Environment Journal © 2011 CIWEM.},

note = {37},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84889783530,

title = {Hydrochemical consequences of feeding flow-through reservoirs with contaminated water [Hydrochemiczne konsekwencje zasilania zbiorników przepływowych wodami zanieczyszczonymi]},

author = { A. Jaguś and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84889783530&partnerID=40&md5=7b6867a16558a2312a9358a46c6b7ea7},

issn = {1506218X},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska},

volume = {2012},

number = {14},

pages = {632-649},

publisher = {Middle Pomeranian Scientific Society of The Environment Protection},

abstract = {The research concerned flow-through reservoirs fed with contaminated river water. The aim of the research was to recognize the impact of reservoirs on fluvial transportation of contaminants. Three reservoirs, situated in the Upper-Silesian region (southern Poland) and operating in different environmental conditions, were selected for the research: Pogoria I reservoir-operating in the quasi-natural direct catchment (with fluvial load of industrial-municipal wastewater), Przeczyce reservoir-under agricultural anthropopressure, and Dzierżno Duże reservoir-under urban-industrial anthropopressure. The research included analyses of the quality of river water flowing into and leaving the reservoirs and calculation of contaminant loads at the inflows and outflows. The research showed that Pogoria I reservoir neutralised inflowing contaminants, thus purifying the river water. Nitrogen and phosphorus compounds were particularly efficiently retained. Electrolytic conductance of water in Pogoria was reduced by up to 50%. Przeczyce reservoir was alimented with eutrophic water (especially rich in biogenic elements) from agricultural land. The reservoir accumulated contaminants at the initial stage of the research. After several years, however, it started releasing some of the accumulated substances, causing an increase in contamination of river water with e.g. organic substances. The data concerning Przeczyce reservoir revealed that reservoirs can purify water from some substances and simultaneously cause an increase in contamination with other substances. Selectivity of hydrochemical impact of reservoirs was particularly visible in case of Dzierżno Duże reservoir, which received wastewater from the urban-industrial catchment. It largely reduced the loads of suspended matter, phosphates or zinc, among other substances, at the same time causing secondary contamination with substances like ammonia, lead or cadmium. The results of the research show individuality of reservoirs in terms of their impact on fluvial transportation of substances. It might be believed, however, that each reservoir which is fed with contaminated water will have at least partly (selectively) contaminating impact in the course of time. That should be related to increasing eutrophication in conditions of limited capacity of accumulation of contaminants in the limnic environment. Detailed assessment of transfer of substances by a particular reservoir would require individual research for that reservoir. © 2012, Middle Pomeranian Scientific Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84860676936,

title = {Influence of agricultural anthropopression on water quality of the dam reservoirs},

author = { A. Jaguś and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84860676936&partnerID=40&md5=35f3986514ccf80e6e44ed6b749bac89},

issn = {18986196},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S},

volume = {18},

number = {3},

pages = {359-367},

abstract = {The research evaluated the quality of surface waters subject to agricultural anthropopressure. The authors analyzed river water feeding dam reservoirs and water in reservoirs. The research covered the catchment areas of reservoirs Kozlowa Gora, Przeczyce and Laka, located in the Upper-Silesian region (southern Poland). The dominating form of land management in the catchments is agriculture. The reservoirs were found to be often fed with running waters whose parameters suggested eutrophication, especially with regard to the concentration of nitrates (mean yearly concentration of NO 3 - > 10 mg/dm 3). Eutrophication also concerned reservoir water, which could be seen in frequent water blooming. The reaction of water in the reservoirs happened to increase up to strongly alkaline (pH max > 8.5). The highest fertility of waters was that of reservoir Laka, mainly alimented from agricultural lands (77% of the catchment area) also situated within its direct catchment. This was reflected in high phosphate concentrations in the water of the reservoir (average 0.389 mg PO 4 3/dm 3). The research showed that agricultural anthropopressure is a significant threat to functioning of dam reservoirs because it fosters the process of eutrophication and thus affects the quality of disposable water resources.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-80051896016,

title = {Occurrence of chemical elements in common reeds (Phragmites Australis) as indicator of environmental conditions},

author = { M.A. Rzętała and O. Rahmonov and A. Jaguś and M. Rahmonov and M. Rzętała and R. Machowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80051896016&partnerID=40&md5=beaa733ad31348f891db43ae0b7e54ec},

issn = {09720626},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment},

volume = {15},

number = {2},

pages = {610-616},

abstract = {The purpose of the study was to determine and explore the structure of the reed rush phytocoenosis, to assess spatial differences in the concentration of certain trace elements in stems and leaves of the common reed (Phragmites australis) and to make an attempt at determining the bioindicative characteristics of this species with respect to the environmental features of anthropogenic water bodies, several thousand of which are present in the central part of southern Poland. Using the INAA technique, concentrations of the following elements have been determined in common reed tissues: As (0.01-0.69 mgkg -1), Ba (6.0-62.0 mg kg -1), Br (2.5-71.5 mg kg -1), Ca (0.2-1.2%), Co (0.1-1.7 mgkg -1), Cr (0.2-1.7 mgkg -1), Fe (0.01-0.02%), K (0.7-2.9%), Na (235.0- 2910.0 mgkg -1'), Sb (0.05-1.16 mgkg -1), Zn (20.0- 250.0 mg kg -11). Using the INAA and ICP XRF techniques, the overall chemical composition of the substratum sediments on which P. austral grows and the elements they contain, has been determined. Results of common reed tissue analyses are highly varied and only reflect the fertility of the water environment and of the accumulated sediments on which P. austral is developed to a small extent. In many cases the samples also fail to reflect the pollution found in the water or substratum sediments. It was determined that within the water bodies examined, Phragmites austral is mainly forms singlespecies stands of the Phragmitetum austral is association. Its strong dynamics and high bioproductivity as well as the varied numbers of specimens present in different environments make the common reed to some degree a quantitative bioindicator and a mixed type bioindicator.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-80051881381,

title = {The formation of soil chemistry and the development of fertility islands under plantcanopies in sandy areas},

author = { O. Rahmonov and M.A. Rzętała and M. Rahmonov and E. Kozyreva and A. Jaguś and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80051881381&partnerID=40&md5=4a00019b7012d905ccb77a0105146a0c},

issn = {09720626},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment},

volume = {15},

number = {2},

pages = {823-829},

abstract = {The processes leading to the formation of soil and fertility islands under canopies ofSalix acutifolia and Pinus sylvestris are examined. The investigation involved field studies and laboratory analysis. The results show tliat the accumulation of nutrients is strongly linked to the plant canopies (Corg - 1.76%; Nt - 0.095) whereas, in the spaces between bushes (Corg - 0;68-1;54 %; Nt - 0;0-16), nutrient accumulation barely takes place. Enriched zones situated under the bush canopies, reflecting interaction between biotic andabiotic factors, are termed fertility islands. Vegetation also colonises the areas aroundtree trunks. Developing soil horizons under the canopies are termed soil islands. In these, organic horizons and sub-horizons create conditions advantageous to the development and existence of organisms which also influence the soils there. Considering the young ageof the soil, and the weak differentiation of soil horizons, the organic mailer that lies directly over the mineral layer plays an essential ecosystem role in the primary stages of vegetation-soil succession. Amount and quality of organic matter influence absorption capacity and cation numbers. The significance of alkaline cations (Ca2+; Mg12+; Na & K) in the composition of broad-leaved species leads to a decrease in soil acidity.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0346304831,

title = {Changes of the sulphates concentration in the anthropologenic waters of the Upper Silesia water reservoirs [Zmiany stȩzeń siarczanów w wodach antropogenicznych zbiorników wodnych Wyzyny Śla̧skiej]},

author = { A.T. Jankowski and T. Molenda and M. Rzętała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0346304831&partnerID=40&md5=8cc60e2a21959499ba1922d2bdbf2a86},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {51},

number = {11},

pages = {958-},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}