• dr hab. Agnieszka Czajka
Position: adiunkt
Unit: Instytut Nauk o Ziemi
Adress: 41-200 Sosnowiec, ul. Będzińska 60
Floor: XVI
Room: 1706
Phone: (32) 3689 326
E-mail: agnieszka.czajka@us.edu.pl
Publications list: Publications by CINiBA
Publications list: Publications by OPUS
Scopus Author ID: 16554612700
Publications from the Scopus database
2023
Czajka, A.; Rahmonov, O.; Szypuła, B.
The Natural Consequences of Land Use Change on Transformation and Vegetation Development in the Upper Odra Floodplain Journal Article
In: Water (Switzerland), vol. 15, no. 19, 2023, ISSN: 20734441.
@article{2-s2.0-85174043219,
title = {The Natural Consequences of Land Use Change on Transformation and Vegetation Development in the Upper Odra Floodplain},
author = { A. Czajka and O. Rahmonov and B. Szypuła},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85174043219&doi=10.3390%2fw15193493&partnerID=40&md5=fe1546e58d476afae3a12ca83bafe48b},
doi = {10.3390/w15193493},
issn = {20734441},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Water (Switzerland)},
volume = {15},
number = {19},
publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
abstract = {River channels are regulated in various ways and the fertile soils of valleys are occupied for agricultural purposes, accompanied by human settlements. In many places on the floodplains, gravel or sand is mined and former pits fill with water. The consequences are changes in water relations, changes in land use and land cover. Natural riparian ecosystems gradually disappear. In addition, river valleys are susceptible places for the spread of invasive plant species. In the section of the Upper Odra Valley discussed in this article, all of the aforementioned factors have played roles in shaping modern habitats. The present study shows the impact of human-induced changes on the transformation of the plant cover of the Upper Odra Floodplain. In designated transects, we studied land use changes from 1910 to the present day and examined plant species diversity. The results show that the more heavily transformed floodplain adjacent to the channelized channel has a higher level of species diversity than agricultural areas located along a section of the river with a natural channel course. Most of the river valleys are colonized by geographically invasive alien species, such as Reynoutria japonica, Reynoutria sachalenesis and Impatiens glandulifera, which have contributed to the fact that all of the species typical of the ash, poplar and willow riparian forests characteristic of this habitat type have retreated, which is the main reason for the very low biodiversity. © 2023 by the authors.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
River channels are regulated in various ways and the fertile soils of valleys are occupied for agricultural purposes, accompanied by human settlements. In many places on the floodplains, gravel or sand is mined and former pits fill with water. The consequences are changes in water relations, changes in land use and land cover. Natural riparian ecosystems gradually disappear. In addition, river valleys are susceptible places for the spread of invasive plant species. In the section of the Upper Odra Valley discussed in this article, all of the aforementioned factors have played roles in shaping modern habitats. The present study shows the impact of human-induced changes on the transformation of the plant cover of the Upper Odra Floodplain. In designated transects, we studied land use changes from 1910 to the present day and examined plant species diversity. The results show that the more heavily transformed floodplain adjacent to the channelized channel has a higher level of species diversity than agricultural areas located along a section of the river with a natural channel course. Most of the river valleys are colonized by geographically invasive alien species, such as Reynoutria japonica, Reynoutria sachalenesis and Impatiens glandulifera, which have contributed to the fact that all of the species typical of the ash, poplar and willow riparian forests characteristic of this habitat type have retreated, which is the main reason for the very low biodiversity. © 2023 by the authors.
Nádudvari, Á.; Czajka, A.; Wyżga, B.; Zygmunt, M.; Wdowikowski, M.
Patterns of Recent Changes in Channel Morphology and Flows in the Upper and Middle Odra River Journal Article
In: Water (Switzerland), vol. 15, no. 2, 2023, ISSN: 20734441, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-85146811874,
title = {Patterns of Recent Changes in Channel Morphology and Flows in the Upper and Middle Odra River},
author = { Á. Nádudvari and A. Czajka and B. Wyżga and M. Zygmunt and M. Wdowikowski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146811874&doi=10.3390%2fw15020370&partnerID=40&md5=e21852d27838fa5296fe5eb535864ff3},
doi = {10.3390/w15020370},
issn = {20734441},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Water (Switzerland)},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
publisher = {MDPI},
abstract = {Our research introduces the river regulation effects on three sections of the upper and middle Odra River (south-western Poland), with differently channelized parts. In the upper and lower reaches, the river was straightened, narrowed, and trained with groins, whereas in the middle section, it was also impounded by numerous barrages. The discharge duration (DD) and water stage duration (WSD) curves for water-gauge stations from these river sections were analyzed to recognize changes in river flows and channel morphology since the mid-20th century. This analysis is supplemented by an examination of repeated surveys of the gauge cross sections of the river, annual precipitation totals in its catchment, and their relationship to the variation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. Our findings provide new hydrological insights for the region. The three river sections exhibited different patterns of the adjustment of the channel morphology to the river channelization: upper section was typified by channel incision, middle section by channel stability, and lower section by channel incision in its upper part and vertical stability of the channel bed in the lower part. Barrages in the middle section stabilized water stages in a wide range of hydrological conditions. Annual precipitation totals and river run-off did not change systematically over the study period. The variation in precipitation totals was inversely related to annual values of the NAO index. The study confirms the usefulness of DD/WSD curves to analyze changes in river run-off and the vertical position of the channel bed. © 2023 by the authors.},
note = {7},
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pubstate = {published},
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}
Our research introduces the river regulation effects on three sections of the upper and middle Odra River (south-western Poland), with differently channelized parts. In the upper and lower reaches, the river was straightened, narrowed, and trained with groins, whereas in the middle section, it was also impounded by numerous barrages. The discharge duration (DD) and water stage duration (WSD) curves for water-gauge stations from these river sections were analyzed to recognize changes in river flows and channel morphology since the mid-20th century. This analysis is supplemented by an examination of repeated surveys of the gauge cross sections of the river, annual precipitation totals in its catchment, and their relationship to the variation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. Our findings provide new hydrological insights for the region. The three river sections exhibited different patterns of the adjustment of the channel morphology to the river channelization: upper section was typified by channel incision, middle section by channel stability, and lower section by channel incision in its upper part and vertical stability of the channel bed in the lower part. Barrages in the middle section stabilized water stages in a wide range of hydrological conditions. Annual precipitation totals and river run-off did not change systematically over the study period. The variation in precipitation totals was inversely related to annual values of the NAO index. The study confirms the usefulness of DD/WSD curves to analyze changes in river run-off and the vertical position of the channel bed. © 2023 by the authors.
Liro, M.; Czajka, A.; Hajdukiewicz, H.; Haska, W.; Zielonka, A.; Dzida, J.; Mikuś, P.; Zawiejska, J.; Gorczyca, E.; Krzemień, K.; Zaremba, N.
Terenowe metody badania zanieczyszczenia rzek makroplastikiem Journal Article
In: Prace Geograficzne, vol. 173, 2023, ISSN: 16443586.
@article{10.4467-20833113PG.23.024.19545,
title = {Terenowe metody badania zanieczyszczenia rzek makroplastikiem},
author = { M. Liro and A. Czajka and H. Hajdukiewicz and W. Haska and A. Zielonka and J. Dzida and P. Mikuś and J. Zawiejska and E. Gorczyca and K. Krzemień and N. Zaremba},
url = {https://ejournals.eu/czasopismo/prace-geograficzne/artykul/terenowe-metody-badania-zanieczyszczenia-rzek-makroplastikiem},
doi = {10.4467-20833113PG.23.024.19545},
issn = {16443586},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Prace Geograficzne},
volume = {173},
publisher = {IGGP UJ},
abstract = {Zanieczyszczenie rzek makroplastikiem (cząstkami plastiku > 5 mm) jest nowym problemem środowiskowym występującym od połowy ubiegłego stulecia. Dostawa makroplastiku do środowiska rzecznego zagraża organizmom żywym i obniża estetykę krajobrazu nadrzecznego. Co istotne, mikrocząstki plastiku powstające w trakcie fragmentacji makroplastiku w rzece mogą migrować do innych środowisk, zmniejszając możliwość jego usuwania ze środowiska oraz negatywnie wpływając na kolejne organizmy oraz zdrowie ludzi. Pierwszym krokiem umożliwiającym ocenę i ograniczenie wyżej wymienionych ryzyk jest zebranie bezpośrednich informacji terenowych o ilości makroplastiku zanieczyszczającego system fluwialny. Podstawy metodyczne umożliwiające przeprowadzenie takich badań są od kilku lat opracowywane i opisywane w literaturze zagranicznej, jednak nie były do tej pory omawiane w literaturze krajowej. W artykule przedstawiono metodykę wykorzystywaną do badań terenowych nad dostawą, transportem, depozycją i remobilizacją makroplastiku w środowisku fluwialnym. Omówiono także, jak zebrane informacje mogą zostać wykorzystane w działaniach praktycznych zmierzających do ograniczenia zanieczyszczenia rzek makroplastikiem.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
Zanieczyszczenie rzek makroplastikiem (cząstkami plastiku > 5 mm) jest nowym problemem środowiskowym występującym od połowy ubiegłego stulecia. Dostawa makroplastiku do środowiska rzecznego zagraża organizmom żywym i obniża estetykę krajobrazu nadrzecznego. Co istotne, mikrocząstki plastiku powstające w trakcie fragmentacji makroplastiku w rzece mogą migrować do innych środowisk, zmniejszając możliwość jego usuwania ze środowiska oraz negatywnie wpływając na kolejne organizmy oraz zdrowie ludzi. Pierwszym krokiem umożliwiającym ocenę i ograniczenie wyżej wymienionych ryzyk jest zebranie bezpośrednich informacji terenowych o ilości makroplastiku zanieczyszczającego system fluwialny. Podstawy metodyczne umożliwiające przeprowadzenie takich badań są od kilku lat opracowywane i opisywane w literaturze zagranicznej, jednak nie były do tej pory omawiane w literaturze krajowej. W artykule przedstawiono metodykę wykorzystywaną do badań terenowych nad dostawą, transportem, depozycją i remobilizacją makroplastiku w środowisku fluwialnym. Omówiono także, jak zebrane informacje mogą zostać wykorzystane w działaniach praktycznych zmierzających do ograniczenia zanieczyszczenia rzek makroplastikiem.
2022
Rahmonov, O.; Czajka, A.; Nádudvari, Á.; Fajer, M.; Spórna, T.; Szypuła, B.
Soil and Vegetation Development on Coal-Waste Dump in Southern Poland Journal Article
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 19, no. 15, 2022, ISSN: 16617827, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85136342066,
title = {Soil and Vegetation Development on Coal-Waste Dump in Southern Poland},
author = { O. Rahmonov and A. Czajka and Á. Nádudvari and M. Fajer and T. Spórna and B. Szypuła},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136342066&doi=10.3390%2fijerph19159167&partnerID=40&md5=9b73e6a62adcbfa769cb65f068547a92},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph19159167},
issn = {16617827},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {19},
number = {15},
publisher = {MDPI},
abstract = {As an anthropogenic element of urban landscapes, coal heaps undergo changes due to both natural and anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the common development of soil under the influence of vegetation succession against a background of environmental conditions. Vegetation changes and soil properties were analysed along a transect passing through a heap representing a particular succession stage. It was found that changes in the development of vegetation were closely related to the stages of coal-waste disposal, where the initial, transitional, and terminal stages were distinguished. The mean range of pH (H2O) values in the profiles was 6.75 ± 0.21 (profile 1), 7.2 ± 0.31 (profile 2), 6.3 ± 1.22 (profile 3), and 5.38 ± 0.42 (profile 4). The organic carbon (OC) content in all samples was high, ranging from 9.6% to 41.6%. The highest content of total nitrogen (Nt) was found (1.132%) in the algal crust and sub-horizon of the organic horizon (Olfh-0.751%) and humus (A-0.884) horizon in profile 3 under the initial forest. Notable contents of available elements were found in the algal shell for P (1588 mg∙kg−1) and Mg (670 mg∙kg−1). Soil organic matter content was mainly dominated by n-alkanes (n-C11-n-C34) and alkanoic acids (C5–C20). Phytene and Phytadiene were typical for the algal crust on the initial pedigree. The initiation of succession was determined by the variation in grain size of the waste dumped on the heap and the variation in relief and associated habitat mosaic. Algal crusts forming on clay–dust mineral and organic material accumulating in the depressions of the site and at the foot of the heap can be regarded as the focus of pedogenesis. © 2022 by the authors.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
As an anthropogenic element of urban landscapes, coal heaps undergo changes due to both natural and anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the common development of soil under the influence of vegetation succession against a background of environmental conditions. Vegetation changes and soil properties were analysed along a transect passing through a heap representing a particular succession stage. It was found that changes in the development of vegetation were closely related to the stages of coal-waste disposal, where the initial, transitional, and terminal stages were distinguished. The mean range of pH (H2O) values in the profiles was 6.75 ± 0.21 (profile 1), 7.2 ± 0.31 (profile 2), 6.3 ± 1.22 (profile 3), and 5.38 ± 0.42 (profile 4). The organic carbon (OC) content in all samples was high, ranging from 9.6% to 41.6%. The highest content of total nitrogen (Nt) was found (1.132%) in the algal crust and sub-horizon of the organic horizon (Olfh-0.751%) and humus (A-0.884) horizon in profile 3 under the initial forest. Notable contents of available elements were found in the algal shell for P (1588 mg∙kg−1) and Mg (670 mg∙kg−1). Soil organic matter content was mainly dominated by n-alkanes (n-C11-n-C34) and alkanoic acids (C5–C20). Phytene and Phytadiene were typical for the algal crust on the initial pedigree. The initiation of succession was determined by the variation in grain size of the waste dumped on the heap and the variation in relief and associated habitat mosaic. Algal crusts forming on clay–dust mineral and organic material accumulating in the depressions of the site and at the foot of the heap can be regarded as the focus of pedogenesis. © 2022 by the authors.
2021
Faměra, M.; Grygar, T. Matys; Ciszewski, D.; Czajka, A.; Álvarez-Vázquez, M. Á.; Hron, K.; Fačevicová, K.; Hýlová, V.; Tůmová, Š.; Světlík, I.; Zimová, K.; Dvořáková, K.; Szypuła, B.; Hošek, M.; Henych, J.
Anthropogenic records in a fluvial depositional system: The Odra River along The Czech-Polish border Journal Article
In: Anthropocene, vol. 34, 2021, ISSN: 22133054, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-85103077768,
title = {Anthropogenic records in a fluvial depositional system: The Odra River along The Czech-Polish border},
author = { M. Faměra and T. Matys Grygar and D. Ciszewski and A. Czajka and M.Á. Álvarez-Vázquez and K. Hron and K. Fačevicová and V. Hýlová and Š. Tůmová and I. Světlík and K. Zimová and K. Dvořáková and B. Szypuła and M. Hošek and J. Henych},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103077768&doi=10.1016%2fj.ancene.2021.100286&partnerID=40&md5=736c4377b93d4e8583d7fc70450b72f1},
doi = {10.1016/j.ancene.2021.100286},
issn = {22133054},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Anthropocene},
volume = {34},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {Industrial revolution induced contamination of lowland rivers and floodplain soils with heavy metals worldwide. This pollution was particularly significant in former coal mining regions where hard coal was utilised in various industrial facilities like coke, iron and steel works. The upper Odra River draining Ostrava Coal District in Czech and Upper Silesia mining region in Poland is an example of such a European river with strong historical pollution followed by modern one originating from heavy industry in times of communistic industrialisation in both countries. In the presented studies we sought 19th and 20th century transboundary contamination of the upper Odra River waters recorded in floodplain soil by the most common potentially toxic elements, i.e. lead and zinc as well as by the presence of magnetic particles (spherules). We expected to reveal the general pattern of the Odra River floodplain soil contamination with risk elements which allow us to differentiate sediments of the industrial and pre-industrial era. We used robust regression and robust principal component analysis, using a log-ratio methodology of compositional data analysis, which is a fast and effective tool in assessing contamination levels. Significant increases in risk element concentrations were found downstream from the Ostrava–Bohumín agglomeration, and in some places they exceed the safety limits for agricultural soils in Poland. A comparison of sediments within and outside of the inter-embankment zone showed no systematic difference in their contamination levels suggesting that the sediments were probably contaminated before dike construction mainly since the half of 19th century. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Industrial revolution induced contamination of lowland rivers and floodplain soils with heavy metals worldwide. This pollution was particularly significant in former coal mining regions where hard coal was utilised in various industrial facilities like coke, iron and steel works. The upper Odra River draining Ostrava Coal District in Czech and Upper Silesia mining region in Poland is an example of such a European river with strong historical pollution followed by modern one originating from heavy industry in times of communistic industrialisation in both countries. In the presented studies we sought 19th and 20th century transboundary contamination of the upper Odra River waters recorded in floodplain soil by the most common potentially toxic elements, i.e. lead and zinc as well as by the presence of magnetic particles (spherules). We expected to reveal the general pattern of the Odra River floodplain soil contamination with risk elements which allow us to differentiate sediments of the industrial and pre-industrial era. We used robust regression and robust principal component analysis, using a log-ratio methodology of compositional data analysis, which is a fast and effective tool in assessing contamination levels. Significant increases in risk element concentrations were found downstream from the Ostrava–Bohumín agglomeration, and in some places they exceed the safety limits for agricultural soils in Poland. A comparison of sediments within and outside of the inter-embankment zone showed no systematic difference in their contamination levels suggesting that the sediments were probably contaminated before dike construction mainly since the half of 19th century. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Molenda, T.; Czajka, A.; Czaja, S. W.; Spyt, B.
Rapid river bed recovery after the in-channel mining: The case of vistula river, Poland Journal Article
In: Water (Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 5, 2021, ISSN: 20734441, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85102660216,
title = {Rapid river bed recovery after the in-channel mining: The case of vistula river, Poland},
author = { T. Molenda and A. Czajka and S.W. Czaja and B. Spyt},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102660216&doi=10.3390%2fw13050623&partnerID=40&md5=55f967ed693a075fdfb2ece7fb601dc9},
doi = {10.3390/w13050623},
issn = {20734441},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Water (Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {The effects of in-channel wet-pit mining is nowadays widely discussed in terms of negative influence of the created pits on the river ecosystem and fluvial processes. The pits induce an alteration of natural flow or sediment transport. This paper describes the post-mining channel recovery observed in a relatively short time in a gravelly sand bed lowland river. The study was based on repeated bathymetry of the channel and grain size analyses of bed material taken from the mining area and its surrounding upstream and downstream pit. We also use calculations of possible bedload sediment movement in the studied river reach. We noticed that the excavation pit exceeded the maximum depth of 8.8 m in 2014 and, immediately after the end of mining, the bedload started to infill the pit. The bathymetric measurements in 2019 indicated that the process of pit infill was completed after five years, though the former pit is refilled with material finer than the natural bedload observed in the discussed river reach, and consists mainly of sand. The studied process of pit infilling runs continuously, even during the annual average water stages. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The effects of in-channel wet-pit mining is nowadays widely discussed in terms of negative influence of the created pits on the river ecosystem and fluvial processes. The pits induce an alteration of natural flow or sediment transport. This paper describes the post-mining channel recovery observed in a relatively short time in a gravelly sand bed lowland river. The study was based on repeated bathymetry of the channel and grain size analyses of bed material taken from the mining area and its surrounding upstream and downstream pit. We also use calculations of possible bedload sediment movement in the studied river reach. We noticed that the excavation pit exceeded the maximum depth of 8.8 m in 2014 and, immediately after the end of mining, the bedload started to infill the pit. The bathymetric measurements in 2019 indicated that the process of pit infill was completed after five years, though the former pit is refilled with material finer than the natural bedload observed in the discussed river reach, and consists mainly of sand. The studied process of pit infilling runs continuously, even during the annual average water stages. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
2018
Szarlowicz, K.; Reczynski, W.; Czajka, A.; Spyt, B.; Szacilowski, G.
Comprehensive study of the mountainous lake sediments in relation to natural and anthropogenic processes and time (Mały Staw Lake, Poland) Journal Article
In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 3335-3347, 2018, ISSN: 09441344, (12).
@article{2-s2.0-85034267133,
title = {Comprehensive study of the mountainous lake sediments in relation to natural and anthropogenic processes and time (Mały Staw Lake, Poland)},
author = { K. Szarlowicz and W. Reczynski and A. Czajka and B. Spyt and G. Szacilowski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85034267133&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-017-0711-x&partnerID=40&md5=bcfd6b524207b0f2d3971ca425aa4f3a},
doi = {10.1007/s11356-017-0711-x},
issn = {09441344},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},
volume = {25},
number = {4},
pages = {3335-3347},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
abstract = {The Sudety Mts. form a chain of mountains in the South of Poland and during the last 200 years were subjected to strong industrial and agricultural pressure. The records of these human-induced changes are stored in natural archives like lake sediments. For the comprehensive study, three sediment cores taken from Mały Staw Lake (Sudety Mts.) were analyzed for the concentration of K, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and radioactivity of 137Cs and 210Pb. As a result of the studies, the bathymetry map was developed and the sources of solid material supplied to the lake were identified. The geochronology studies of the cores were performed using 210Pb method, to evaluate model of time changes in the sediment. Radioactivity of 210Pbuns (determined indirectly by 210Po) ranged from 1051 ± 64 to 12 ± 8 Bq kg−1. The 137Cs radioactivity was determined directly by gamma spectrometry and varied from 525 ± 37 Bq kg−1 for top layers to 9.80 ± 5.40 Bq kg−1 for the bottom of the core. Two characteristic peaks of 137Cs radioactivity related to the global fallouts after nuclear weapons testing and the Chernobyl accident were observed and used to confirm 210Pb dating method. Chemometrics analysis of the chosen metal’s concentrations combined with sample dating showed distinct imprint of human activity on the studied area. © 2017, The Author(s).},
note = {12},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Sudety Mts. form a chain of mountains in the South of Poland and during the last 200 years were subjected to strong industrial and agricultural pressure. The records of these human-induced changes are stored in natural archives like lake sediments. For the comprehensive study, three sediment cores taken from Mały Staw Lake (Sudety Mts.) were analyzed for the concentration of K, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and radioactivity of 137Cs and 210Pb. As a result of the studies, the bathymetry map was developed and the sources of solid material supplied to the lake were identified. The geochronology studies of the cores were performed using 210Pb method, to evaluate model of time changes in the sediment. Radioactivity of 210Pbuns (determined indirectly by 210Po) ranged from 1051 ± 64 to 12 ± 8 Bq kg−1. The 137Cs radioactivity was determined directly by gamma spectrometry and varied from 525 ± 37 Bq kg−1 for top layers to 9.80 ± 5.40 Bq kg−1 for the bottom of the core. Two characteristic peaks of 137Cs radioactivity related to the global fallouts after nuclear weapons testing and the Chernobyl accident were observed and used to confirm 210Pb dating method. Chemometrics analysis of the chosen metal’s concentrations combined with sample dating showed distinct imprint of human activity on the studied area. © 2017, The Author(s).
2015
Ciszewski, D.; Czajka, A.
Human-induced sedimentation patterns of a channelized lowland river Journal Article
In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 783-795, 2015, ISSN: 01979337, (13).
@article{2-s2.0-84928804975,
title = {Human-induced sedimentation patterns of a channelized lowland river},
author = { D. Ciszewski and A. Czajka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928804975&doi=10.1002%2fesp.3686&partnerID=40&md5=51cc96f4fb4f00fdc4136534640155ac},
doi = {10.1002/esp.3686},
issn = {01979337},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Earth Surface Processes and Landforms},
volume = {40},
number = {6},
pages = {783-795},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
abstract = {Channelization of the severely polluted Odra and Vistula Rivers in Poland induced intensive accumulation of fine-grained deposits rich in organic matter and heavy metals. These sediments have been identified in vertical profiles in a narrow zone along river banks both in groyne-created basins and on the floodplain. Grain size, organic matter, zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) content and cesium-137 (137Cs) was used for sediment dating and, stratigraphy and chemistry have been diagnostic features for these deposits, named industrial alluvium. In the most polluted river reaches stabilized by bank reinforcements and groynes, 2-m-thick slack water groyne deposits are composed of uniform strata of polluted silts with organic matter content over 10%, Zn content over 1000mg/kg and average Cu and Pb over 100mg/kg. The average rate of sediment accretion in groynes is higher than on the floodplain and reaches 5cm/yr. Stratification which appears at higher levels in the groyne fields and on the levees reflects a change from in-channel to overbank deposition and is typified by dark layers separated by bright, sandy, and less polluted strata. Stratified, 4-m-thick, sediment sequences have been found in groyne fields of incised river reaches. The average rate of sediment accretion in these reaches is of the order of 5cm/yr. In stable and relatively less polluted river reaches, vertical-accretion organic deposits are finely laminated and the average rate of deposition amounts to a few millimeters per year. Investigations indicate that groyne construction favors conditions for long-term storage of sediments at channel banks. For this reason, groynes should be considered as structures that efficiently limit sudden release of sediment-associated heavy metals stored in channels and in floodplains of the historically polluted rivers. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
note = {13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Channelization of the severely polluted Odra and Vistula Rivers in Poland induced intensive accumulation of fine-grained deposits rich in organic matter and heavy metals. These sediments have been identified in vertical profiles in a narrow zone along river banks both in groyne-created basins and on the floodplain. Grain size, organic matter, zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) content and cesium-137 (137Cs) was used for sediment dating and, stratigraphy and chemistry have been diagnostic features for these deposits, named industrial alluvium. In the most polluted river reaches stabilized by bank reinforcements and groynes, 2-m-thick slack water groyne deposits are composed of uniform strata of polluted silts with organic matter content over 10%, Zn content over 1000mg/kg and average Cu and Pb over 100mg/kg. The average rate of sediment accretion in groynes is higher than on the floodplain and reaches 5cm/yr. Stratification which appears at higher levels in the groyne fields and on the levees reflects a change from in-channel to overbank deposition and is typified by dark layers separated by bright, sandy, and less polluted strata. Stratified, 4-m-thick, sediment sequences have been found in groyne fields of incised river reaches. The average rate of sediment accretion in these reaches is of the order of 5cm/yr. In stable and relatively less polluted river reaches, vertical-accretion organic deposits are finely laminated and the average rate of deposition amounts to a few millimeters per year. Investigations indicate that groyne construction favors conditions for long-term storage of sediments at channel banks. For this reason, groynes should be considered as structures that efficiently limit sudden release of sediment-associated heavy metals stored in channels and in floodplains of the historically polluted rivers. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2014
Nádudvari, Á.; Czajka, A.
Statistical calculations of the tisza river channel changes along vezseny and martfu (Hungary) from 1873-2010 Journal Article
In: Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 57-70, 2014, ISSN: 18424090, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-84897995087,
title = {Statistical calculations of the tisza river channel changes along vezseny and martfu (Hungary) from 1873-2010},
author = { Á. Nádudvari and A. Czajka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897995087&partnerID=40&md5=1f707c8518a75d421b8d711d2bfe3769},
issn = {18424090},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {57-70},
publisher = {North University of Baia Mare},
abstract = {The study presents the channel changes along a 17km length of a Tisza River bend by Martfu. Along the study we were trying to answer the question - what kind of deformations were caused by anthropogenic regulations (such as bank revetments) along the examined river channel in horizontal and vertical aspects in the post-engineering times. Furthermore, the objective was to determine in detail how the river channel regulation works influenced the channel parameters like reach length (LR), Chord length (H), Width (W) and the profile of cross sections. Different aspects of the analyzed river bend were identified. The results show that, the regulation works influenced the geomorphology of the channel, e.g. decrease in average width of the channel, the level of low water levels decreased in the period of 1911-1920 and in 1921-1930 no negative values were recorded after the regulation of the riffle. The cross section areas by the revetments decreased more intensively than the non-stabilized cross section areas. After the stabilization works - by the 1st, 4th, and 6th sections -, the midstream has been growing by the 2nd and 3rd sections between 312-310 km-s. As a result of increased erosion a cutbank has been developing between 311-310 km-s.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The study presents the channel changes along a 17km length of a Tisza River bend by Martfu. Along the study we were trying to answer the question - what kind of deformations were caused by anthropogenic regulations (such as bank revetments) along the examined river channel in horizontal and vertical aspects in the post-engineering times. Furthermore, the objective was to determine in detail how the river channel regulation works influenced the channel parameters like reach length (LR), Chord length (H), Width (W) and the profile of cross sections. Different aspects of the analyzed river bend were identified. The results show that, the regulation works influenced the geomorphology of the channel, e.g. decrease in average width of the channel, the level of low water levels decreased in the period of 1911-1920 and in 1921-1930 no negative values were recorded after the regulation of the riffle. The cross section areas by the revetments decreased more intensively than the non-stabilized cross section areas. After the stabilization works - by the 1st, 4th, and 6th sections -, the midstream has been growing by the 2nd and 3rd sections between 312-310 km-s. As a result of increased erosion a cutbank has been developing between 311-310 km-s.
2012
Keesstra, S. D.; Kondrlova, E.; Czajka, A.; Seeger, M.; Maroulis, J.
Assessing riparian zone impacts on water and sediment movement: A new approach Journal Article
In: Geologie en Mijnbouw/Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, vol. 91, no. 1-2, pp. 245-255, 2012, ISSN: 00167746, (58).
@article{2-s2.0-84867563487,
title = {Assessing riparian zone impacts on water and sediment movement: A new approach},
author = { S.D. Keesstra and E. Kondrlova and A. Czajka and M. Seeger and J. Maroulis},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867563487&doi=10.1017%2fs0016774600001633&partnerID=40&md5=1ec5d5f83b8c5bab14aa83eaccf04295},
doi = {10.1017/s0016774600001633},
issn = {00167746},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Geologie en Mijnbouw/Netherlands Journal of Geosciences},
volume = {91},
number = {1-2},
pages = {245-255},
publisher = {Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences},
abstract = {The state of river channels and their riparian zones in terms of geomorphology and vegetation has a significant effect on water and sediment transport in headwater catchments. High roughness in natural rivers due to vegetation and geomorphological attributes generate drag on flowing water. This drag will slow water discharge, which in turn influences the sediment dynamics of the flow. The impacts of changes in the management of rivers and their riparian zone (either by catchment managers or river restoration plans) impacts both up- as well as downstream reaches, and should be assessed holistically prior to the implementation of these plans. To assess the river's current state as well as any possible changes in geomorphology and vegetation in and around the river, effective approaches to characterise the river are needed. In this paper, we present a practical approach for making detailed surveys of relevant river attributes. This methodology has the benefit of being both detailed - describing river depth, width, channel morphology, erosive features and vegetation types but also being practical in terms of time management. This is accomplished by identifying and describing characteristic benchmark reaches (typical sites) in detail against which the remainder of the river course can be rated. Using this method, a large river stretch can be assessed in a relatively short period while still retrieving high quality data for the total river course. In this way, models with high data requirements for assessing the condition of a river course, can be parameterised without major investments on field surveys. In a small headwater catchment (23 km2) in southwestern Poland, this field methodology was used to retrieve data to run an existing model (HEC-GeoRAS) which can assess the impact of changes in the riparian and channel vegetation and channel management on sedimentation processes and stream flow velocity. This model determines the impact of channel morphology and in-channel and riparian vegetation on stream flow and sediment transport. Using four return periods of flooding (2;10; 20 and 100 years), two opposing channel management / morphology scenarios were run; a natural channel and a fully regulated channel. The modelling results show an increase in the effect of riparian vegetation / geomorphology with an increase in return period of the modeled peak discharge. More natural channel form and increased roughness reduces the stream flow velocity due to increasing drag from flow obstructions (vegetation and channel morphological features). The higher the flood water stage, the greater the drag due to vegetation on the floodplains of natural river reaches compared to channelised sections. Slower flow rates have an impact on sediment mobilisation and transport in the river.},
note = {58},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The state of river channels and their riparian zones in terms of geomorphology and vegetation has a significant effect on water and sediment transport in headwater catchments. High roughness in natural rivers due to vegetation and geomorphological attributes generate drag on flowing water. This drag will slow water discharge, which in turn influences the sediment dynamics of the flow. The impacts of changes in the management of rivers and their riparian zone (either by catchment managers or river restoration plans) impacts both up- as well as downstream reaches, and should be assessed holistically prior to the implementation of these plans. To assess the river's current state as well as any possible changes in geomorphology and vegetation in and around the river, effective approaches to characterise the river are needed. In this paper, we present a practical approach for making detailed surveys of relevant river attributes. This methodology has the benefit of being both detailed - describing river depth, width, channel morphology, erosive features and vegetation types but also being practical in terms of time management. This is accomplished by identifying and describing characteristic benchmark reaches (typical sites) in detail against which the remainder of the river course can be rated. Using this method, a large river stretch can be assessed in a relatively short period while still retrieving high quality data for the total river course. In this way, models with high data requirements for assessing the condition of a river course, can be parameterised without major investments on field surveys. In a small headwater catchment (23 km2) in southwestern Poland, this field methodology was used to retrieve data to run an existing model (HEC-GeoRAS) which can assess the impact of changes in the riparian and channel vegetation and channel management on sedimentation processes and stream flow velocity. This model determines the impact of channel morphology and in-channel and riparian vegetation on stream flow and sediment transport. Using four return periods of flooding (2;10; 20 and 100 years), two opposing channel management / morphology scenarios were run; a natural channel and a fully regulated channel. The modelling results show an increase in the effect of riparian vegetation / geomorphology with an increase in return period of the modeled peak discharge. More natural channel form and increased roughness reduces the stream flow velocity due to increasing drag from flow obstructions (vegetation and channel morphological features). The higher the flood water stage, the greater the drag due to vegetation on the floodplains of natural river reaches compared to channelised sections. Slower flow rates have an impact on sediment mobilisation and transport in the river.
2010
Czajka, A.; Ciszewski, D.
Deposition of overbank sediments within a regulated reach of the the upper Odra River, Poland Proceedings
vol. 337, 2010, ISSN: 01447815, (1).
@proceedings{2-s2.0-79952684014,
title = {Deposition of overbank sediments within a regulated reach of the the upper Odra River, Poland},
author = { A. Czajka and D. Ciszewski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79952684014&partnerID=40&md5=e860874bde9c7112131a0a9ae2ef1da5},
issn = {01447815},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {IAHS-AISH Publication},
volume = {337},
pages = {137-142},
abstract = {Rivers and their flood plains are in a state of flux. Due to agricultural, urban and industrial development, and river training works, the natural erosion and sedimentation processes of the Odra River were modified in the 19th century. The geometry of the river channel has changed drastically, and the rates of overbank sedimentation are relatively high when compared to rates calculated for natural conditions. The rates of overbank sedimentation were assessed using the heavy metal content in overbank deposits. Only sediments deposited directly along the pre-regulation channels were considered. Fluvial processes in the studied, trained river channel seem to be more intensive than in the natural channel. Overbank deposition in the studied reach of the Upper Odra changed from 1.3 to 1.8 cm year-1 in the 19th century to 2-5 cm year-1 at present, which means that the rate of over-bank sedimentation has increased up to 3-fold. Copyright © 2010 IAHS Press.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {proceedings}
}
Rivers and their flood plains are in a state of flux. Due to agricultural, urban and industrial development, and river training works, the natural erosion and sedimentation processes of the Odra River were modified in the 19th century. The geometry of the river channel has changed drastically, and the rates of overbank sedimentation are relatively high when compared to rates calculated for natural conditions. The rates of overbank sedimentation were assessed using the heavy metal content in overbank deposits. Only sediments deposited directly along the pre-regulation channels were considered. Fluvial processes in the studied, trained river channel seem to be more intensive than in the natural channel. Overbank deposition in the studied reach of the Upper Odra changed from 1.3 to 1.8 cm year-1 in the 19th century to 2-5 cm year-1 at present, which means that the rate of over-bank sedimentation has increased up to 3-fold. Copyright © 2010 IAHS Press.
2009
Ciszewski, D.; Czajka, A.
In: Przeglad Geologiczny, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 576-583, 2009, ISSN: 00332151, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-68949136606,
title = {Sediment accumulation on alluvial plains of the heavily impacted river reaches: upper vistula and odra, southern poland. prz. geol [Akumulacja osadów na równinach zalewowych rzek silnie zmienionych antropogenicznie: Górna Wisła i Odra]},
author = { D. Ciszewski and A. Czajka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-68949136606&partnerID=40&md5=df2b9ab1f3d6e712047b6c6293bdfc7e},
issn = {00332151},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-01-01},
journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},
volume = {57},
number = {7},
pages = {576-583},
abstract = {Overbank sediment profiles of the channelized and heavily polluted Vistula and Odra rivers were investigated in southern Poland. The sediments are usually represented by sandy layers about a dozen centimetres thick, intercalated with black sandy muds few centimetres thick and rich in organic matter. Accumulation of these sediments started by the end of 19 th century. The sediments are contaminated with heavy metals in amounts exceeding background values by two orders of magnitude and contain coal particles dispersed in black layers. These fine sediments initially accumulated over gravel bars at the channel banks due to lateral channel stabilization by stony groynes and bank revetments, constructed in 19 th and 20 th century. Proeressively the sediments. which are up to 4 m thick, became a part of 20-30 m wide floodplain zones along many reaches of the upper Vistula and Odra. The distribution of these sediments is related to the degree of channel narrowing and incision induced by 19 th and 20 th century channelization.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Overbank sediment profiles of the channelized and heavily polluted Vistula and Odra rivers were investigated in southern Poland. The sediments are usually represented by sandy layers about a dozen centimetres thick, intercalated with black sandy muds few centimetres thick and rich in organic matter. Accumulation of these sediments started by the end of 19 th century. The sediments are contaminated with heavy metals in amounts exceeding background values by two orders of magnitude and contain coal particles dispersed in black layers. These fine sediments initially accumulated over gravel bars at the channel banks due to lateral channel stabilization by stony groynes and bank revetments, constructed in 19 th and 20 th century. Proeressively the sediments. which are up to 4 m thick, became a part of 20-30 m wide floodplain zones along many reaches of the upper Vistula and Odra. The distribution of these sediments is related to the degree of channel narrowing and incision induced by 19 th and 20 th century channelization.
2008
Ciszewski, D.; Czajka, A.; Błażej, S.
Rapid migration of heavy metals and 137 Cs in alluvial sediments, Upper Odra River valley, Poland Journal Article
In: Environmental Geology, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 1577-1586, 2008, ISSN: 09430105, (43).
@article{2-s2.0-51349099908,
title = {Rapid migration of heavy metals and 137 Cs in alluvial sediments, Upper Odra River valley, Poland},
author = { D. Ciszewski and A. Czajka and S. Błażej},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-51349099908&doi=10.1007%2fs00254-007-1108-9&partnerID=40&md5=e99b6487c8de91290b882a7389e10a56},
doi = {10.1007/s00254-007-1108-9},
issn = {09430105},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Geology},
volume = {55},
number = {7},
pages = {1577-1586},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
abstract = {The studies presented explore post-depositional changes of zinc, cadmium, lead, manganese and 137 Cs distribution in alluvial sediments accumulated in the upper Odra River valley in southern Poland. The rate of these changes was estimated by comparing metal and 137 Cs distributions in four vertical alluvial profiles with a history of river pollution and sediment deposition. The untypical 137 Cs distribution with peaks in the surface 40-60 cm and lower down, even at a depth of 2.5 m in strata deposited before the beginning of nuclear tests in 1954, indicates rapid post-depositional migration of this isotope from the surface and its retention in lower, less permeable layers. Moreover, the highest concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium were found at a depth of 4 m in sediments accumulated in the mid-nineteenth century in spite of the growth of industrialization and the pollution of the Odra River with heavy metals until the end of the twentieth century. The post-depositional changes in heavy metals and 137 Cs are rapid in comparison with the slow element migration usually observed in uninundated soils. This difference is explained by the frequent and easy infiltration of polluted river water into the gravelly and sandy sediments present in the profiles. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.},
note = {43},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The studies presented explore post-depositional changes of zinc, cadmium, lead, manganese and 137 Cs distribution in alluvial sediments accumulated in the upper Odra River valley in southern Poland. The rate of these changes was estimated by comparing metal and 137 Cs distributions in four vertical alluvial profiles with a history of river pollution and sediment deposition. The untypical 137 Cs distribution with peaks in the surface 40-60 cm and lower down, even at a depth of 2.5 m in strata deposited before the beginning of nuclear tests in 1954, indicates rapid post-depositional migration of this isotope from the surface and its retention in lower, less permeable layers. Moreover, the highest concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium were found at a depth of 4 m in sediments accumulated in the mid-nineteenth century in spite of the growth of industrialization and the pollution of the Odra River with heavy metals until the end of the twentieth century. The post-depositional changes in heavy metals and 137 Cs are rapid in comparison with the slow element migration usually observed in uninundated soils. This difference is explained by the frequent and easy infiltration of polluted river water into the gravelly and sandy sediments present in the profiles. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.
2004
Czajka, A.
In: Przeglad Geologiczny, vol. 52, no. 11, pp. 1081-1082, 2004, ISSN: 00332151.
@article{2-s2.0-11244253903,
title = {Transport and sedimentation of suspended material in Upper Odra channel within the Racibórz Basin [Transport i sedymentacja materiału unoszonego w korycie Odry w Kotlinie Raciborskiej]},
author = { A. Czajka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-11244253903&partnerID=40&md5=63ca835b8e4180154f7f4e09e4cfbaab},
issn = {00332151},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},
volume = {52},
number = {11},
pages = {1081-1082},
abstract = {[No abstract available]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[No abstract available]
2000
Czajka, A.
In: Przeglad Geologiczny, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 263-267, 2000, ISSN: 00332151, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-0034457116,
title = {Overbank sedimentation in interembankment zone of Vistula River in Oświȩcim Basin (southern Poland) [Sedymentacja pozakorytowa aluwiów w strefie miȩdzywala Wisły w Kotlinie Oświȩcimskiej]},
author = { A. Czajka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034457116&partnerID=40&md5=222d2b00d72f59c7a8f8ccf795ea5424},
issn = {00332151},
year = {2000},
date = {2000-01-01},
journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},
volume = {48},
number = {3},
pages = {263-267},
abstract = {The natural processes of erosion and sedimentation at the Vistula River floodplain in Oświȩcim Basin were interrupted in the 19th century. This was caused by hydrotechnical constructions, such as dams and embankments. Agricultural changes in the upper Vistula catchment caused intensification of soil erosion and an increase of transported debris. Embankment construction narrowed the floodplain. It changed the way of alluvial sedimentation. Coal dust which has occurred in sediment since the beginning of the 19th century is a good age indicator.},
note = {2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The natural processes of erosion and sedimentation at the Vistula River floodplain in Oświȩcim Basin were interrupted in the 19th century. This was caused by hydrotechnical constructions, such as dams and embankments. Agricultural changes in the upper Vistula catchment caused intensification of soil erosion and an increase of transported debris. Embankment construction narrowed the floodplain. It changed the way of alluvial sedimentation. Coal dust which has occurred in sediment since the beginning of the 19th century is a good age indicator.