@article{2-s2.0-85144328521,

title = {How Mössbauer spectroscopy can be of value to industry to select extraterrestrial objects for natural resources},

author = { J. Gałązka-Friedman and M. Jakubowska and P. Bogusz and K. Brzózka and A. Grabias and R. Idczak and R. Konieczny and T. Szumiata and M. Woźniak and M. Mashlan and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144328521&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-022-01808-z&partnerID=40&md5=a2b284c2f1bca304e42ff2bae407bb75},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-022-01808-z},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {243},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {Space agencies are working on the project of capturing asteroids which contain natural resources valuable for industry. Based on studies of meteorites samples it was determined that the most useful source of raw materials for this purpose could be parent bodies of ordinary chondrites of type H. The identification of the type of ordinary chondrites with the use of a classical method (determination of the Fa/Fs ratio (fayalite versus ferrosilite) by electron microprobe measurements) cannot be performed on the surface of asteroids due to technical reasons. It may, however, be done based on Mössbauer measurements followed by the application of the 4M method. The name of the method – 4M, comes from four words: Meteorites, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Multidimensional discriminant analysis and Mahalanobis distance. Following the success of Mössbauer spectroscopy in the mission on Mars, there are suggestions to use the same method for the investigation of the surface of asteroids. In our experimental study, in which five Mössbauer laboratories took part, we assessed the effectiveness and reliability of the 4M method by comparison of the results obtained by Mössbauer studies of ordinary chondrites of type H, L and LL. Details of the study and problems related to the effectiveness of the 4M method are discussed. © 2022, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85120893797,

title = {4M method – new application of Mössbauer spectroscopy to classification of meteorites. How it works?},

author = { J. Gałązka-Friedman and M. Jakubowska and M. Woźniak and P. Bogusz and Ł. Karwowski and P. Duda},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120893797&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-021-01771-1&partnerID=40&md5=e399ab3f8201f6a8a8c418fa9dfb490e},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-021-01771-1},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {242},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {4M method is a new application of Mössbauer spectroscopy to quantitative classification of ordinary chondrites. 4M derives from four words: meteorites, Mössbauer spectroscopy, multidimensional discriminant analysis, Mahalanobis distance. This method was published by us in 2019. In this paper we present application of 4M method to classification of four meteorites. Link to script with calculation needed for classification of ordinary chondrites was given. © 2021, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85120728546,

title = {Can Mӧssbauer methods of classifying ordinary chondrites help to identify non-representative samples of these meteorites?},

author = { M. Jakubowska and J. Gałązka-Friedman and M. Woźniak and P. Bogusz and Ł. Karwowski and P. Duda},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120728546&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-021-01779-7&partnerID=40&md5=f83fe39d15ed80582017c5c71e4f6263},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-021-01779-7},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {242},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {Mössbauer spectra of nonweathered ordinary chondrites consist of four main mineral phases: olivines, pyroxenes, metallic phase and troilite. These minerals represent more than 95% of the whole mass of an ordinary chondrite. Distribution of these mineral phases in micro-scale is not homogeneous. Nevertheless, preparation of representative sample of ordinary chondrite for Mössbauer measurements is possible. To do that a part of 1 g nonweathered material, selected from inside of meteorite without any specific intention is needed. The Warsaw group has been working on investigation of meteorites for 25 years and has analysed about 150 Mössbauer spectra of various meteorites. Among them we found 15 spectra, which could be suspected of being non-representative. These spectra were obtained from Baszkówka, Amber, Bjurböle, Krasnoi-Ugol and Chelyabinsk meteorites. The analysis of how the samples of meteorites were selected for investigation, has shown that the non-representativeness of samples may be due to: intentional choice of sample, preparation of sample from a too small part of material or the use of non-credible source of meteoritic samples. For confirmation of these assumptions, we used a new method of classification of ordinary chondrites – the 4M method. It turned out that this method is a very useful tool for investigation of non-representative samples of equilibrated ordinary chondrites. © 2021, The Author(s).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85076520870,

title = {Application of Mössbauer spectroscopy for classification of ordinary chondrites – different database and different methods},

author = { J. Gałązka-Friedman and M. Woźniak and P. Bogusz and M. Jakubowska and Ł. Karwowski and P. Duda},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85076520870&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-019-1661-0&partnerID=40&md5=e7c6784d24ecb81bfabb4cb816e77920},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-019-1661-0},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {241},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Classification of the meteorites is very complex, but in general all meteorites can be divided into three groups: stony, iron and stony-iron. Ordinary chondrites are the most numerous group among stony meteorites. In this paper, we present short review of the methods of classification of ordinary chondrites. The classical method for the classification of ordinary chondrites is based on the determination of the content of fayalite in olivine and of the content of ferrosilite in pyroxene with the use of electron microprobe. This method was proposed in 1967. Studies on the application of Mössbauer spectroscopy to classification of ordinary chondrites were carried out since early 2000 in four Mössbauer laboratories. Mössbauer groups from Kanpur, Ekaterinburg and Canberra suggested qualitative methods of classification of ordinary chondrites. Warsaw group created quantitative method called the “4M method”. This name derives from following words: meteorites, Mössbauer spectroscopy, multidimensional discriminant analysis, Mahalanobis distance. In this publication, we describe the use of 4M method for reclassification of meteorite Goronyo. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85081047423,

title = {Terpenoid biomarkers of ambers from Miocene tropical paleoenvironments in Borneo and of their potential extant plant sources},

author = { B.R.T. Simoneit and D.R. Oros and Ł. Karwowski and Ł. Szendera and J. Smolarek-Lach and M. Goryl and M. Bucha and M. Rybicki and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081047423&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2020.103430&partnerID=40&md5=bbc4d9da365e778a7079a51113ac8268},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2020.103430},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {221},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The chemical composition of ambers is highly diverse, characterized by the occurrence of a variety of terpenoids including: mono-, sesqui-, di-, and triterpenoids. The direct analyses of their chemical constituents in total extracts using polar solvents permits the elucidation of unaltered natural products, which are characteristic of the source plants or paleobiome. At this time, knowledge is limited about the plant origins of fossil resins that formed in tropical climatic conditions. Here, we present the complex chemical characteristics of Miocene fossil resins (resinites; termed here as ambers) from the tropics of Kalimantan (Borneo; Indonesia). Extant plant resins from the same geoclimatic region were also analyzed to identify the potential botanical sources of the ambers. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses of total extracts (silylated and methylated) of natural and amber samples were carried out and compared with standard compounds. The main producers of resins forming these Miocene ambers were angiosperms - probably resins of Shorea and less likely Hopea, but not Dipterocarpus species. The key chemotaxonomic marker, present in the ambers and extant Shorea species, was asiatic acid. All samples were composed of sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids in various proportions, without diterpenoids, characteristic for flowering plants. The sesquiterpenoids in the resins of both ambers and extant plants were primarily natural products with the cadinane skeleton. The triterpenoids of the extant resins of the Dipterocarpaceae and Miocene ambers were characterized by a prevalence of ursane over oleanane types. Polymerization of cadinoids in resins from Shorea species and in the ambers was not extensive. Based on the amber compositions we conclude that the molecular alteration of the Miocene deposits from Kalimantan is rather low, but differs depending on their location. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85075625161,

title = {Mӧssbauer spectroscopy as a useful method for distinguishing between real and false meteorites},

author = { P. Bogusz and J. Gałązka-Friedman and K. Brzózka and M. Jakubowska and M. Woźniak and Ł. Karwowski and P. Duda},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075625161&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-019-1659-7&partnerID=40&md5=a2db63b0beaec55cc8150f27809085d1},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-019-1659-7},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {240},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {In our paper four Mӧssbauer spectra of ordinary chondrites (previously classified by a classical method based on determining the ratio of ferrosilite (Fs) to fayalite (Fa) with an electron microprobe) are presented and discussed. These are the Mӧssbauer spectra of two ordinary chondrites type H (Pultusk and Grzempach), one ordinary chondrite type L (Hyattville) and one type LL (NWA 6287). These meteorites were compared, using their Mӧssbauer spectra with the following four other samples: a fragment of a rock that fell near Leoncin in Poland (sample No. 1), a fragment of a rock found in the vicinity of Pultusk in Poland (sample No. 2), a meteorite specimen bought on the meteorite exchange (sample No. 3) and a stone object whose decline was observed in Europe (sample No. 4). The spectrum of sample No. 1 is very similar to the spectrum of ordinary chondrite of type LL. This observation was confirmed using 4M method (previously created by us). The spectrum of sample No. 2 differs significantly from the spectrum of sample of the Pultusk meteorite. In the spectrum of sample No. 3, a clear signal from iron-nickel alloy and troilite can be observed. This fact allows us to state that sample No. 3 is a fragment of rock that was created in cosmic conditions. Sample No. 4 has a Mӧssbauer spectrum similar to the spectrum of terrestrial magmatic rocks. This observation does not clearly determine where the examined object comes from. This work demonstrates the usefulness of Mӧssbauer spectroscopy in recognizing samples that are fragments of meteorites. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85073025054,

title = {Polish moldavites - The current state of knowledge and perspectives of new finds [Polskie mołdawity - obecny stan wiedzy i perspektywy nowych znalezisk]},

author = { K. Szopa and T. Brachaniec and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073025054&doi=10.7306%2f2019.39&partnerID=40&md5=b9530e826a29c9d6903eece16d478cdd},

doi = {10.7306/2019.39},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {67},

number = {8},

pages = {662-667},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {The first Polish moldavites were discovered in 2012. This paper is a summary of the distribution and inventory of these Polish tektites. Up to the present, 28 moldavites have been described from seven different sandpits. These moldavites were deposited in the upper Miocene fluvial deposits of the Gozdnica Formation, as well as in the Pleistocene river terraces. Apart from a typical bottle green colour, moldavites also have other diagnostics features for this class of tektites, such as the presence of bubbles, inclusions of lechatelierite, as well as the same, homogeneous chemical composition. Fluvial redeposition was interpreted as the main process which determined moldavite distribution. Despite the most recent find of one moldavite specimen in Bielawy, all of these specimens indicate both Lusatian as well as sub-strewn Czech fields as their supply area. © 2019 Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85068032516,

title = {Application of Mössbauer spectroscopy, multidimensional discriminant analysis, and Mahalanobis distance for classification of equilibrated ordinary chondrites},

author = { M. Woźniak and J. Gałązka-Friedman and P. Duda and M. Jakubowska and P. Rzepecka and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068032516&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.13314&partnerID=40&md5=91d8b8077c6c15b293b9719ae69945f1},

doi = {10.1111/maps.13314},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {54},

number = {8},

pages = {1828-1839},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {Mössbauer spectra of equilibrated ordinary chondrites consist of two doublets due to paramagnetic iron present in olivines and pyroxenes and two sextets due to magnetically ordered iron present in metallic phases and troilite. The spectral areas of the different mineralogical phases found by Mössbauer spectroscopy in meteorites are proportional to the number of iron atoms in this mineralogical phase. This property of Mössbauer spectra can be the basis for constructing a method for the classification of ordinary chondrites. This idea was first explored at the Mössbauer Laboratory in Kanpur. This group suggested a qualitative method based on 2-dimensional plots of Mössbauer spectral areas and thus classified properly some meteorites. We constructed a quantitative method using Mössbauer spectral areas, multidimensional discriminant analysis, and Mahalanobis distance (4M method) to determine the probability of a meteorite to be of type H, L, or LL. Based on 59 Mössbauer spectra, we calculated by the 4M method, Scluster, the level of similarity of the Goronyo meteorite to the clusters. On the plot of ferrosilite versus fayalite, the point representing Goronyo is located on the border between H and L areas. Calculated by the 4M method, the meteorite Goronyo is 32% similar to type H, 75% to type L, and 11% to type LL. Additional mineralogical analyses suggested that the Goronyo meteorite would be classified as type L, although it was originally reported as type H in the Meteoritical Bulletin Database. © 2019 The Authors. Meteoritics & Planetary Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Meteoritical Society (MET)},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85060693974,

title = {Mössbauer studies of fusion crust of the Sołtmany meteorite},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and K. Brzózka and T.A. Przylibski and P. Duda and B. Górka and M. Gawroński and M. Jakubowska and K. Łuszczek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85060693974&doi=10.12693%2fAPhysPolA.134.1076&partnerID=40&md5=8ada9cfd7295d166fbf1c8419def2521},

doi = {10.12693/APhysPolA.134.1076},

issn = {05874246},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Acta Physica Polonica A},

volume = {134},

number = {5},

pages = {1076-1079},

publisher = {Polish Academy of Sciences},

abstract = {Studies of the fusion crust of a meteorite allow to understand the processes occurring during its flight through the Earth atmosphere. Transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to determine iron-bearing phases present in the fusion crust of meteorite Sołtmany. The test material was obtained by mechanical detachment followed by grinding. The results reveal that the mineral composition of the fusion crust is close to the mineral composition of the meteorite interior, i.e. it comprises olivine, pyroxene, kamacite, and troilite. However, antitaenite and taenite with a partially disordered structure were also found in the fusion crust. © 2018 Polish Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85030318158,

title = {Mössbauer spectroscopy—a useful method for classification of meteorites?},

author = { J. Gałązka-Friedman and M. Woźniak and P. Duda and P. Rzepecka and M. Jakubowska and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030318158&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-017-1439-1&partnerID=40&md5=c2ccab76a58fbca133a0ad58dd139b6e},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-017-1439-1},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {238},

number = {1},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

abstract = {The aim of our studies was to check the usefulness of Mössbauer spectroscopy for preliminary classification of ordinary chondrites. Mössbauer spectra of 50 samples of ordinary chondrites (type LL, L and H) obtained at room temperature were analyzed. 35 Mössbauer spectra were obtained in our laboratory, the other spectra were taken from the literature. The conclusion of our study was, that the most useful way for the preliminary classification of the ordinary chondrites is the application of two types of plots based on the data obtained by Mössbauer spectroscopy. One type of these plots is a linear plot which was used for the identification of the samples which are unrepresentative. The second type of these plots is a plot of “spectral area of the olivine” vs “spectral area of the metallic phase”. This last one was used for the identification of two unknown meteorites. © 2017, The Author(s).},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85011422687,

title = {Remnants of altered meteorite in the Cretaceous-Paleogene clay boundary in Poland},

author = { K. Szopa and T. Brachaniec and Ł. Karwowski and T. Krzykawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85011422687&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.12815&partnerID=40&md5=e210250d845dfbf9dd84b4890e595274},

doi = {10.1111/maps.12815},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {52},

number = {4},

pages = {612-622},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {Fossil iron meteorites are extremely rare in the geological sedimentary record. The paleometeorite described here is the first such finding at the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. In the boundary clay from the outcrop at the Lechówka quarry (Poland), fragments of the paleometeorite were found in the bottom part of the host layer. The fragments of meteorite (2–6 mm in size) and meteoritic dust are metallic-gray in color and have a total weight of 1.8181 g. Geochemical and petrographic analyses of the meteorite from Lechówka reveal the presence of Ni-rich minerals with a total Ni amount of 2–3 wt%. The identified minerals are taenite, kamacite, schreibersite, Ni-rich magnetite, and Ni-rich goethite. No relicts of silicates or chromites were found. The investigated paleometeorite apparently represents an independent fall and does not seem to be derived from the K-Pg impactor. The high degree of weathering did not permit the chemical classification of the meteorite fragments. However, the recognized mineral inventory, lack of silicates, and their pseudomorphs and texture may indicate that the meteorite remains were an iron meteorite. © The Meteoritical Society, 2017.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85032957701,

title = {Geochemistry and growth morphology of alkali feldspar crystals from an iab iron meteorite - Insight into possible hypotheses of their crystallization},

author = { E. Słaby and Ł. Karwowski and K. Majzner and R. Wirth and A. Muszyński and Ł. Birski and K. Simon and A. Domonik and I. Moszumańska and R. Orłowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85032957701&doi=10.14241%2fasgp.2017.011&partnerID=40&md5=e085746e2ef380ba702402071983d6e3},

doi = {10.14241/asgp.2017.011},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {87},

number = {2},

pages = {121-140},

publisher = {Geological Society of Poland},

abstract = {Alkali feldspar crystals have been recognized in the troilite-graphite nodules of the Morasko IAB iron meteorite. Their chemical, microtextural and structural properties were studied using electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The feldspars occur as perthitic or antiperthitic intergrowths, whereas the albite lamellae are perfectly twinned. The structural properties reveal intergrown phases with fairly disordered patterns. The electron microprobe analyses demonstrate that the intergrown phases are mainly rich in sodium or potassium, resulting in compositions that are close to those of albite or orthoclase. The compositions, calculated on the basis of a segmented perthite-antiperthite image, showed that the Or-to-Ab proportions in the homogenized crystals were almost 0.3:0.7, thus indicating that the anorthoclase crystallized under high-temperature conditions. Two hypotheses of crystal formation could account for these characteristics: crystallization from a melt or from a metasomatic solution. Relics with evidence of metasomatic replacement of former minerals were not found. Accordingly, this work focuses on arguments that support the other hypothesis. Large ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g.; Ba; Sr; Rb; LREE; Pb; and Ga) were used to track the origin of the crystals. Their concentrations indicate crystallization from a parent melt strongly depleted in LILEs. Alkali feldspar is commonly a product of a highly differentiated melt. However, highly differentiated melts are typically enriched in LILEs, which here is not the case. The melt that crystallized the feldspar cannot be related to impact-induced partial melting of the chondritic material alone. The derived melt probably was contaminated by silica-rich target material during interaction between the IAB projectile and the target material and was accompanied by metal and sulphide melts that were both immiscible with a silicate melt. © 2017, Geological Society of Poland. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85025131600,

title = {Origin of parautochthonous Polish moldavites – a palaeogeographical and petrographical study},

author = { K. Szopa and J. Badura and T. Brachaniec and D. Chew and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85025131600&doi=10.14241%2fasgp.2017.001&partnerID=40&md5=aae3cd1a00f16312b12329c432f1a10e},

doi = {10.14241/asgp.2017.001},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {87},

number = {1},

pages = {1-12},

publisher = {Geological Society of Poland},

abstract = {In this article, the most recent moldavite discoveries in Poland and their host sediments are characterised and discussed. They were discovered at Lasów, located about 8 km north of Zgorzelec (Poland) and Görlitz (Germany), about 700 m from the Polish-German border, close to the Lusatian Neisse (Nysa) River. The tektites were collected from Vistulian (Wiechselian) glacial age sand and gravel of a closed quarry pit, associated with the river terraces. In the Lasów area, the moldavite-bearing sediments are Pleistocene in age and represent Lusatian Neisse terrace deposits. They were redeposited from the upper part of the drainage basin of the Lusatian Neisse, probably washed out from the Miocene sediments that filled the Zittau Depression, the Berzdorf–Radomierzyce Depression, the Višňová Depression and the tectonically uplifted Izera Mts. and Działoszyn Depression. The erosion of Miocene deposit occured on a large scale in the uplifted foothills of the Upper Miocene Izera, Lusatia and Kaczawa complexes. The sediment cover was removed from the Działoszyn Depression. The drainage basin of the Lusatian Neisse is the area where moldavites were formed by the Nördlinger Ries impact. The source area of moldavite is the same for the Miocene deposits around Gozdnica, as well as for the Pleistocene sediments at Lasów. © 2017, Geological Society of Poland. All rights reserved.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84966526625,

title = {New moldavites from SW Poland},

author = { T. Brachaniec and K. Szopa and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84966526625&doi=10.1515%2fagp-2016-0005&partnerID=40&md5=076a286445e869d7855484e9a16bde87},

doi = {10.1515/agp-2016-0005},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {66},

number = {1},

pages = {99-105},

publisher = {Wydawnictwo Naukowe INVIT},

abstract = {Four newly discovered moldavites from the East and West Gozdnica pits, SW Poland, are characterized. All specimens, including other four, reported earlier, are from Upper Miocene fluvial sediments of the Gozdnica Formation. Their weight varies between 0.529 and 1.196 g. The moldavites are bottle green in colour and have bubbles and inclusions of lechatelierite. Low degree of corrosion suggests short river transport, apparently eastward from Lusatia. © Acta Geologica Polonica 2016.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85010850294,

title = {Czochralskiite, Na4Ca3Mg(PO4)4, a second new mineral from the Morasko IAB-MG iron meteorite (Poland)},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and R. Kryza and A. Muszyński and J. Kusz and K. Helios and P. Drozdzewski and E.V. Galuskin},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85010850294&doi=10.1127%2fejm%2f2016%2f0028-2557&partnerID=40&md5=b36a1060546c80dd5fcfff0716c7b0e7},

doi = {10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2557},

issn = {09351221},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {European Journal of Mineralogy},

volume = {28},

number = {5},

pages = {969-977},

publisher = {Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {Czochralskiite, Na4Ca3Mg(PO4)4, is the second new phosphate mineral found in the Morasko IAB-MG iron meteorite. This very rare mineral occurs in phosphate inclusions (nodules) with graphite rims enclosed in the kamacite-taenite matrix of the meteorite. Almost thirty mineral species have been reported from this meteorite (most from various inclusions), including six, possibly eight phosphates (fluorapatite; buchwaldite; brianite; merrillite; moraskoite Na2Mg(PO4)F; chlorapatite and whitlockite), and schreibersite, chromite, enstatite ('bronzite'), kosmochlor, kosmochlor-augite, olivine, albite, orthoclase, quartz, cohenite, nickelphosphide, altaite, troilite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, daubreelite, djerfisherite, and native Cu. Czochralskiite forms xenomorphic, usually oval grains and amoeboid aggregates, between 0.1 and 0.5 mm in size. It is colourless and transparent, with white streak and vitreous lustre; it shows no fluorescence, it is biaxial (+): a = 1.608(2), β = 1.611(2), = 1.616(2); a = a, β = b, = c; 2V (meas.) = 70o(10), 2V (calc.) = 76°; the dispersion is very weak; Mohs' hardness is 4-5; the fracture is irregular, conchoidal, and no cleavage was observed. The mean of twelve electron-microprobe analyses is (wt%): P2O5 46.28, CaO 27.59, Na2O 20.04, MgO 6.21, FeO 0.32, MnO 0.16, K2O 0.09, total 100.69, leading to the empirical formula Na3.97Ca3.02Mg0.95Mn2+0.01K0.01Fe2+0.03 (P4.00O16). The calculated density based on the empirical formula and the single-crystal structural data is 3.148 g • cm-3. The structure of czochralskiite [Pnma; a = 17.9230(2); b = 10.7280(2); c = 6.7794(1) Å; V = 1303.53(3)Å3; Z = 4] is of the glaserite-type and related to that of buchwaldite and brianite. The strongest diffraction lines of the calculated czochralskiite powder diffraction pattern are [dhkl (I)]: 3.802(48), 3.728(31), 2.726(100), 2.679(63), 2.602(83), 1.901 (44). The Raman spectrum shows the following characteristic bands (cm-1; strong bands underlined): 1119, 1167, 1053, 1039, 1022, 1011, 986, 974, 966, 606, 585, 578 and 441. The Raman data show the absence of H2O and CO2. Czochralskiite is interpreted as a primary phosphate, which crystallized together with graphite and other phosphates inside the nodules. The mineral name honours Jan Czochralski (1885-1953), Polish chemist, crystallographer and metallurgist. © 2016 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84941095162,

title = {The isothermal section of the phase diagram of Sm-Cu-Mg ternary system at 670 K},

author = { B. Marciniak and V. Pavlyuk and E. Rozycka-Sokolowska and Ł. Karwowski and Z. Bak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84941095162&doi=10.1016%2fj.jallcom.2015.08.183&partnerID=40&md5=869b6775b2e465e0a74de7e1269950a2},

doi = {10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.08.183},

issn = {09258388},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Alloys and Compounds},

volume = {652},

pages = {254-259},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The isothermal section of the Sm-Cu-Mg system at 670 K was studied in the 0-50 at.% Mg concentration range. The phase analysis was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) techniques. The X-ray single crystal and powder analysis were used for structure investigations. Of the nine ternary phases (τ1-τ9) which were found to exist in this section are seven new phases, τ1 - Sm60.1Cu26.4Mg13.5, τ3 - Sm22.5Cu74.3Mg3.2, τ4 - SmCu4Mg, τ5 - SmCuMg, τ6 -SmCuMg2, τ7 - Sm81.2Cu10.3Mg8.5 and τ8 - Sm4Cu10Mg3, and two known phases, τ2 - Sm2Cu2Mg and τ9 - SmCu9Mg2. As the result of our investigation the crystal structures of τ2, τ4, τ5, τ6 and τ8 phases have been established. Moreover, it has been found that the solubility of Mg and Cu in Sm-Cu and Sm-Mg binary phases, respectively, is insignificant, and that the maximum solubility takes place in the case of Cu2Mg phase, which dissolves up to 5 at.% Sm. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84942617054,

title = {A new discovery of parautochthonous moldavites in southwestern Poland, Central Europe},

author = { T. Brachaniec and K. Szopa and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84942617054&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.12504&partnerID=40&md5=6d2b8bd2d7f0d7769242d7f580d4b46c},

doi = {10.1111/maps.12504},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {50},

number = {10},

pages = {1697-1702},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {Moldavites represent tektites derived from the Ries impact structure (~24 km diameter; ~15 Myr old) in southern Germany. Two new localities with parautochthonous moldavites in southwestern Poland were found. In these localities, fluvial sediments of the so-called Gozdnicka formation host the moldavites. Characteristic tektite features, especially bubbles and inclusions of lechatelierite, are reported. The moldavites' size distribution and their abraded shapes indicate that they were redeposited from the nearby Lusatia substrewn field. © 2015 The Meteoritical Society.},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84946081357,

title = {Moraskoite, Na2Mg(PO4)F, a new mineral from the Morasko IAB-MG iron meteorite (Poland)},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and J. Kusz and A. Muszyński and R. Kryza and M. Sitarz and E.V. Galuskin},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946081357&doi=10.1180%2fminmag.2015.079.2.16&partnerID=40&md5=b109005ca0aef087c822e8edb6042676},

doi = {10.1180/minmag.2015.079.2.16},

issn = {0026461X},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogical Magazine},

volume = {79},

number = {2},

pages = {387-398},

publisher = {Mineralogical Society},

abstract = {Moraskoite, a new natural phosphate of composition Na2Mg(PO4)F, has been found in the Morasko IAB-MG iron meteorite. The new phosphate occurs in a graphite-troilite inclusion enclosed in a kamacite-taenite matrix. Associated minerals in the inclusions are chlorapatite, buchwaldite, brianite, merrillite, a new phosphate phase of composition Na4MgCa3(PO4)4, chromite, enstatite (bronzite), kosmochlor, kosmochlor-augite, olivine, albite, orthoclase, quartz, cohenite, schreibersite, nickelphosphide, altaite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, daubreelite, djerfischerite, whitlockite and native Cu. The inclusions are rimmed by a schreibersite-cohenite halo. Moraskoite forms aggregates up to 1.5 mm in size, with individual grains 20-300 μm across. It is colourless and transparent, with a white streak and vitreous lustre; fluorescence is weak blue in ultraviolet radiation (254 and 360 nm); hardness is 4-5; it has irregular, conchoidal fracture and cleavage is rarely observed. Calculated density (using the empirical formula) is 2.925 g cm-3. The moraskoite structure (Pbcn; a = 5.2117(10); b = 13.711(3); c = 11.665(2) Å; V = 833.6(3) Å3 and Z = 8) is similar to that of its synthetic analogue. The strongest diffraction lines of the moraskoite powder diffraction pattern are as follows (d hkl; I): 3.909(75), 3.382(52), 2.955(90), 2.606(100), 2.571(96), 2.545(68), 1.691 (67). In the Raman spectrum, the following characteristic bands are distinguished (cm-1; strong bands bold): 1114, 1027, 962, 589, 438, 336, 308, 279, 262, 244, 193, 184, 147 and 131. The Raman data prove the absence of H2O and CO2. Moraskoite is interpreted as being a primary phosphate, which crystallized together with graphite, troilite and other accessories inside the nodule. © 2015 Mineralogical Society 2015.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84906315352,

title = {Discovery of the most distal Ries tektites found in Lower Silesia, southwestern Poland},

author = { T. Brachaniec and K. Szopa and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84906315352&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.12311&partnerID=40&md5=a759618ed76c404833d086ef0876d122},

doi = {10.1111/maps.12311},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {49},

number = {8},

pages = {1315-1322},

publisher = {University of Arkansas},

abstract = {We report the first occurrence of moldavites in Poland. This discovery confirms the hypothesis that moldavites could have been distributed up to 500 km from the Ries crater in Germany. The tektites were reworked from Middle Miocene sediments and redeposited in Late Miocene (Pannonian) fluvial deposits of the Gozdnicka Formation in Lower Silesia. The Polish moldavites are represented by nine (<8 mm) fragments with a total of 0.471 g. The lack of the autochthonous tektites indicates that tektites investigated here had to be redeposited in a fluvial environment, probably from the Lusatian area. The chemical composition of the Polish moldavites plots in the same area with those from other localities. © The Meteoritical Society, 2014.},

note = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84902254261,

title = {Spherules associated with the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in Poland},

author = { T. Brachaniec and Ł. Karwowski and K. Szopa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84902254261&doi=10.2478%2fagp-2014-0004&partnerID=40&md5=cbf57ece514814adf836aa81c6b3c672},

doi = {10.2478/agp-2014-0004},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {64},

number = {1},

pages = {99-108},

publisher = {Wydawnictwo Naukowe INVIT},

abstract = {The succession of the Lechowka section near Chefm in south-eastern Poland presents the first complete record of the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary in Poland. Samples of the boundary clay were examined for mi-crotektites and shocked minerals to confirm the impact origin of the sediment. The spheroidal fraction reveals morphological and mineralogical features, e.g., spherules, similar to material from the K-Pg boundary as described from elsewhere. The impact genesis of the spherules is confirmed by the presence of nickel-rich spinel grains on their surfaces. The spinels are considered to be primary microlites and, thus, the spherules at Lechowka can be classified as microkrystites. No shocked minerals were noted. The deposits with spherules comprise Aland Mg-rich smectite (Cheto smectite). This almost pure Mg-rich smectite, forming up to 100% of the clay fraction, derived from the weathering of the impact glass. It is proposed that the spherules isolated from the Creta-ceous-Paleogene boundary clay at Lechowka come from the Chicxulub crater in Mexico.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84901189441,

title = {Mössbauer studies of Soltmany and Shisr 176 meteorites - comparison with other ordinary chondrites},

author = { J. Gałązka-Friedman and K. Szlachta and Ł. Karwowski and M. Woźniak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84901189441&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-013-0944-0&partnerID=40&md5=72142b3287541cfe7ca750b925c451e2},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-013-0944-0},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {226},

number = {1-3},

pages = {593-600},

publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},

abstract = {Two ordinary chondrites type L6: Soltmany and Shisr 176, were recently investigated in our laboratory. The distribution of iron in the 4 main iron bearing mineral phases (olivine; pyroxene; kamacite and troilite) determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy in Soltmany and Shisr 176 meteorites was very different from that in the Baszkowka meteorite (type L5). To explain the cause of this difference, a comparison of the distribution of iron among the main mineral phases present in other type L and H meteorites was performed. Our studies have shown that the Baszkowka meteorite is not a good point of reference for Soltmany and Shisr 176 meteorites. © 2014 The Author(s).},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84890873778,

title = {Low-Ir IAB irons from Morasko and other locations in central Europe: One fall, possibly distinct from IAB-MG},

author = { A.S. Pilski and J.T. Wasson and A. Muszyński and R. Kryza and Ł. Karwowski and M. Nowak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84890873778&doi=10.1111%2fmaps.12225&partnerID=40&md5=073fd2bf99c809d7d9932e0b2b52051a},

doi = {10.1111/maps.12225},

issn = {10869379},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics and Planetary Science},

volume = {48},

number = {12},

pages = {2531-2541},

abstract = {Differences in texture and discovery location prompted us to analyze 16 irons from Morasko; one from Seeläsgen, known to have a similar composition; and a new mass found at Jankowo Dolne. These were analyzed in duplicate by instrumental neutron-activation analysis (INAA). The results show that all 18 samples have very similar compositions, distinct from all other IAB irons except Burgavli; we conclude that they are all from a single shower. Eight of the samples were from regions with large amounts of cohenite (but were largely free of inclusions) and six were from samples with very little cohenite; we could find no resolvable difference in composition between these sets, a fact that suggests that the C contents of the metal phases were similar in the two areas. Although Morasko has been classified into the IAB main group (IAB-MG), its Ir plots well outside the main group field on an Ir-Au diagram. We considered the possibility that the low Ir reflected contamination by a melt from a IAB region that ponded and experienced fractional crystallization; however, because Morasko has Pt, W, and Ga values that are the same as the highest values in IAB-MG, we rejected this model. We therefore conclude that Morasko formed from a different melt than the IAB-MG irons; the Morasko melt was produced by impact heating, but one or more of the main Ir carriers did not melt, leaving much of the Ir in the unmelted residue. Copper is the only element that shows resolvable differences among Morasko samples. Most (13 of 18) samples have 149 ± 4 μg g-1 Cu, but three have 213 ± 10 μg g-1; we interpret this to mean that the low-Cu samples have equilibrated with a Cu-rich phase, whereas there was none of the latter phase within a few diffusion lengths of the samples with high Cu contents. © The Meteoritical Society, 2013.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84882452444,

title = {Raman spectra of selected mineral phases of the Morasko iron meteorite},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and K. Helios and R. Kryza and A. Muszyński and P. Drozdzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84882452444&doi=10.1002%2fjrs.4340&partnerID=40&md5=156fc716b9192d316c3a1cc06b8f2a15},

doi = {10.1002/jrs.4340},

issn = {03770486},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Raman Spectroscopy},

volume = {44},

number = {8},

pages = {1181-1186},

abstract = {Selected minerals from oval inclusions (nodules) in the Morasko IAB iron meteorite have been investigated by electron microprobe (EMP) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Collected spectra of quartz, forsterite-rich olivine, chromite, kosmochlor (Na-Cr-rich clinopyroxene) and Na-feldspar (albite) were compared with corresponding measurements of earth minerals and used for fast identification of meteorite fragments not EMP characterized. Some structural conclusions concerning particular minerals, like solid-state form or average crystallite size, were also drawn from the measured spectra. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Micro-Raman spectra were measured and interpreted for selected minerals from graphite-troilite nodules in iron meteorite: α quartz, albite-rich feldspar, forsterite-rich olivine, chromite and kosmochlor (Na-Cr-rich clinopyroxene). In particular cases, additional structural information, e.g. the solid state form and average crystallite size, was derived from measured spectra. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84856712340,

title = {Fluid circulation and formation of minerals and bitumens in the sedimentary rocks of the Outer Carpathians - Based on studies on the quartz-calcite-organic matter association},

author = { K. Jarmołowicz-Szulc and Ł. Karwowski and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84856712340&doi=10.1016%2fj.marpetgeo.2011.11.010&partnerID=40&md5=0d387bc08fddcacb2b1b30289c3ebe88},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.11.010},

issn = {02648172},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},

volume = {32},

number = {1},

pages = {138-158},

abstract = {Different methods have been used to examine minerals and/or solid bitumens in three adjacent Carpathian regions of Poland, Ukraine and Slovakia. The minerals fill smaller and larger veins and cavities, where they occur either together or separately. They usually co-occur with the solid bitumens. All δ 13C PDB values measured for calcite lie in a relatively wide interval between-6.25‰ and+1.54‰, while most values fall into the narrower interval from below 0 to about-3‰. The general range of calcite δ 18O results for the whole studied region is between+17.13‰ and+25.23‰ VSMOW or from about-11 to-5‰ VPDB, while the majority of these values are between+20.0 and 23.5‰ VSMOW (-10.53 and-8.00‰ PDB; respectively). δ 18O VSMOW results for quartz vary between+23.2 and 27.6. The carbonate percentage determined in some samples falls between from <2% CaCO 3 to >90% CaCO 3, while the TOC values changes from 0.09% to over 70%.The aliphatic fraction predominates in all studied samples, mainly in bitumens and oils. The composition of the aliphatic fraction is relatively homogeneous and points to a strong aliphatic, oil-like paraffin character of the bitumens. Such a composition is characteristic of the Carpathian oils and different from the rocks studied that contain the higher percentage of a polar fraction. The content of the aliphatic fraction in bitumens is only slightly higher than that in two oils used for comparison. The distribution of n-alkanes is variable in rocks, solid bitumens as well as inclusions in quartz and calcite. Two groups of bitumens may be distinguished. Those with a predominance of long-chain n-alkanes in the C 25-C 27 interval (in some cases from C 23-C 25 and without or with a very low concentration of short-chain n-alkanes in the interval of C 14-C 21) show also a high content of isoprenoids i.e. of pristane (Pr) and phytane (Ph). In all but one bitumen samples, Pr predominates over Ph. The second group comprises oilsand rock samples with a characteristic predominance of short-chain n-alkanes in the interval from C 13-C 19 and a low percentage of the long-chain n-alkanes from the n-C 27-n-C 33 interval. Pristane and phytane exhibit a concentration comparable to that of C 17 and C 18 n-alkanes with a Pr predominance over Ph. Due to high maturity, only small amounts of the most stable compounds from the hopane group have been observed in the samples, also oleanane in one case. Among the aromatic hydrocarbons, phenanthrene and its methyl- and dimethyl-derivatives are dominant in bitumens, source rocks and inclusions in calcite and quartz. Occurrence of cyclohexylbenzene and its alkyl-derivatives as well as cyclohexylfluorenes in solid bitumens suggest that they formed from oil accumulations under the influence of relatively high temperatures in oxidizing conditions.Homogenization temperatures for aqueous/brine inclusions in quartz within the Dukla and Silesian units (Polish and Ukrainian segments) are between 125 and 183.9°C, while salinities are low in the interval of 0.2-5.5wt% NaCleq. The inclusions in calcite homogenize at higher temperatures of almost 200°C and the brine displays higher salinity than the fluid in the quartz. Two quartz generations may be distinguished by inclusion and isotope characteristics and the macroscopic diversity. Oil inclusions homogenize at 95°C. One phase inclusions in quartz contain methane, CO 2 and nitrogen in variable proportions. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84979066620,

title = {Polymetallic mineralization in Ediacaran sediments in the Żarki-Kotowice area, Poland},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and M. Markowiak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84979066620&doi=10.2478%2fv10002-012-0008-0&partnerID=40&md5=d6393eedd724ce95422f4d0a268be3d8},

doi = {10.2478/v10002-012-0008-0},

issn = {18998291},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogia},

volume = {43},

number = {3-4},

pages = {199-212},

abstract = {In one small mineral vein in core from borehole 144-Ż in the Żarki-Kotowice area, almost all of the ore minerals known from related deposits in the vicinity occur. Some of the minerals in the vein described in this paper, namely, nickeline, hessite, native silver and minerals of the cobaltite-gersdorffite group, have not previously been reported from elsewhere in the Kraków-Lubliniec tectonic zone. The identified minerals are chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, Co-rich pyrite, tennantite, tetrahedrite, bornite, galena, magnetite, hematite, cassiterite, pyrrhotite, wolframite (ferberite), scheelite, molybdenite, nickeline, minerals of the cobaltitegersdorffite group, carrollite, hessite and native silver. Moreover, native bismuth, bismuthinite, a Cu- and Ag-rich sulfosalt of Bi (cuprobismutite) and Ni-rich pyrite also occur in the vein. We suggest that, the ore mineralization from the borehole probably reflects post-magmatic hydrothermal activity related to an unseen granitic intrusion located under the Mesozoic sediments in the Żarki-Pilica area. © 2012, Versita. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-59849087723,

title = {New mineralogical phases identified by Mössbauer measurements in Morasko meteorite},

author = { A. Wojnarowska and T. Dziel and J. Gałązka-Friedman and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-59849087723&doi=10.1007%2fs10751-008-9849-8&partnerID=40&md5=802d92c90fdc82826785f2e702ce844d},

doi = {10.1007/s10751-008-9849-8},

issn = {03043843},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Hyperfine Interactions},

volume = {186},

number = {1-3},

pages = {167-171},

abstract = {For Mössbauer studies of the Morasko meteorite three different samples were isolated: troilite, kamacite and taenite. Investigated spectra revealed new mineralogical phases: taenite, tetrataenite and antitaenite. That is first such identification in meteorite found in Poland. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-41649106306,

title = {The Klodawa Meteorite - A guest from the space or an extraterrestrial object? [Meteoryt Kłodawa - Gość z kosmosu czy obiekt pochodzenia ziemskiego?]},

author = { E. Starnawska and W. Mizerski and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-41649106306&partnerID=40&md5=ac2df4885a4f0e6cf45ad0f8543ec1d2},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {56},

number = {1},

pages = {53-57},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-42549158470,

title = {Early diagenetic conditions during formation of the Callovian (Middle Jurassic) carbonate concretions from Łuków (eastern Poland): Evidence from organic geochemistry, pyrite framboid diameters and petrographic study},

author = { L. Marynowski and M. Zatoń and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-42549158470&doi=10.1127%2f0077-7749%2f2008%2f0247-0191&partnerID=40&md5=f83a9bf15a6c9aa77e58d7d061c00e64},

doi = {10.1127/0077-7749/2008/0247-0191},

issn = {00777749},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Abhandlungen},

volume = {247},

number = {2},

pages = {191-208},

publisher = {Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {The Callovian (Middle Jurassic) fossiliferous carbonate concretions from the clay-pit at Luków, eastern Poland, have been analysed using organic geochemistry, petrography and pyrite framboid size distribution in order to retrieve information about early diagenetic conditions during clay sedimentation. Additionally, a fossil wood sample was also analysed. The carbonate concretions are formed almost entirely by fine-grained, pure calcite. Other main minerals occurring in the concretions are quartz, feldspars and bright mica with features of muscovite. The clay fraction obtained from the concretions are mainly composed of quartz, but also contains pyrite, muscovite, mid-order kaolinite and chlorite with an admixture of a mix-layered structure. Small admixtures of siderite, ankerite, rutile and feldspars were also detected. The most plausible source of the terrigenous phases occurring in the concretions investigated is the Fennoscandian Shield, where sodic magmatic and metamorphic rocks are common. In the fossil wood, the main mineral phase is calcite, which fills the wood-cells. Fluoroapatite also occurs, but is generally confined to the margins of the cells. The other phase detected is pyrite, which may also fill the cell interiors and replace the cell walls. The Callovian organic matter (OM) from Łuków is immature. The vitrinite reflectance (Rr) of the analysed concretion samples ranges from 0.45 to 0.54 %, and is higher than from the fossil wood (Rr = 0.33 %). Moreover, the concretion samples contain hopanoids with biological configurations, such as ββ-hopanes and hop-17(21)-enes and characterized by low values of ββ/(αβ + βα)-hopane and 31S/(S+R) homohopane biomarker parameters. The occurrence of acyclic ketones with odd over even carbon number predominance in the concretions studied, suggests intensive microbial degradation of OM. The pyrite framboid size distribution does not indicate euxinic or anoxic conditions in the water column and the sea-floor. Although small-sized framboids (< 5 μm), which may form during euxinic conditions in the water column, occur in all samples investigated, the mean sizes of framboids in all samples are well above 6 μm and large framboids (up to 29 μm) are also present. Their size distribution points to the lower dysoxic conditions at most, because during such conditions the mean values of framboid sizes begins to increase and larger framboids (> 10 μm) are present. The oxic to suboxic depositional conditions during OM sedimentation are also confirmed by low concentrations or absence of C33-C35 homohopanes, moderate Pr/Ph values and no organic compounds characteristic of anoxia and water column stratification. ©2008 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33846522228,

title = {New chemical and physical data on keilite from the Zakłodzie enstatite achondrite},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and R. Kryza and T.A. Przylibski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33846522228&doi=10.2138%2fam.2007.2133&partnerID=40&md5=ae90be8fbecb38b99293d69afd1415b0},

doi = {10.2138/am.2007.2133},

issn = {0003004X},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {92},

number = {1},

pages = {204-209},

publisher = {Mineralogical Society of America},

abstract = {Keilite, (Fe;Mn;Mg;Ca;Cr)S, from the Zakodzie enstatite achondrite is described. Forming xenomorphic grains up to 0.5 mm in diameter, the keilite is associated with troilite (or pyrrhotite), Fe-Ni metal, an (Fe;Zn;Mn)S phase, enstatite (with relict forsterite in cores), plagioclase and accessory schreibersite, oldhamite, graphite, sinoite, and an SiO2 polymorph. It is brittle and possesses a good cleavage similar to that of galena, parallel to (001), (010), and (100). X-ray diffraction structural data reveal the following: cubic space group Fm3m,α = β = γ = 90°},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33747198786,

title = {Magmatism and metamorphism of the Kraków-Lubliniec Tectonic zone as a clue to the occurrence of polymetallic deposits [Magmatyzm i metamorfizm strefy tektonicznej Kraków-Lubliniec jako przesłanki wystepowania złóżpolimetalicznych]},

author = { M. Truszel and Ł. Karwowski and K. Lasoń and J. Markiewicz and J. Żaba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33747198786&partnerID=40&md5=0f2b063385838e87779a3fde21135def},

issn = {02086603},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Biuletyn - Panstwowego Instytutu Geologicznego},

number = {418},

pages = {55-103},

abstract = {Numerous occurrences of magmatism are observed in the vicinity of Myszków, Zawiercie, Pilica, Bedkowska Valley, Kozieglowy (Myslów) and Żarki along the Kraków-Lubliniec tectonic zone which is a contact zone of the Małopolska and Upper Silesia blocks. The formation of granitoid intrusion is related to a multiphase structural evolution of the zone whose especially intensive activity took place at the end of the Silurian and Upper Carboniferous. Ore mineralization occurs both in igneous and metamorphic wall rocks (Vendian; Palaeozoic). Igneous rocks consist of a genetically different association of intrusive rocks: granitoids (mainly granodiorites; rare granites), dacites, dolerites (diabases) and gabbros. Alterations, which show regional metamorphic nature (greenschist facies), were recorded only in the Vendian complex formations, while thermal and thermal -metasomatic metamorphism, being the effect of influence of granitoid intrusion into wall rocks, affected Vendian, Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian formations. Ore contents of the rocks show direct relationship with highly concentrated metal-rich salinewaters, closely related to acid magmatism. W, Mo, Cu, Ag, K, F, Sb, Hg, Au, Pb, Ba, As, Zn, Bi and Te are elements-pathfinders which can be applied to searching for covered porphyry deposits in other parts of the region.},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0042884348,

title = {Magmatism and metamorphism of contact zone of Malopolska and Upper Silesian blocks as indicators of porphyry deposits},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and K. Lasoń and J. Markiewicz and M. Truszel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0042884348&partnerID=40&md5=caa8dfd0019034a246035838b2603dd5},

issn = {12108197},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Czech Geological Society},

volume = {48},

number = {1-2},

pages = {76-77},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0033942041,

title = {Thin-layer chromatography in investigation of the chemical structure of Baltic amber},

author = { A. Matuszewska and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033942041&partnerID=40&md5=c485553d7fcb4363dd8f1cb8891c1509},

issn = {09334173},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Planar Chromatography - Modern TLC},

volume = {13},

number = {2},

pages = {140-145},

abstract = {The goal of this work was to characterize the structure of the molecular phase of Baltic amber by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and to compare aspects of this structure with those of other resins, for example dammar resin, pine resin and Canada balsam. TLC analysis of ethanol extracts of Baltic amber were performed mainly for identification of groups of compounds, for example carboxylic acids, esters, α-keto acids, α-hydroxy acids, aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic, aromatic, and unsaturated hydrocarbons, and terpenes, and steroids. The retention coefficients estimated for analyzed samples were compared with those obtained for available reference compounds.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0039466334,

title = {Aragonite twins from Faustianka (Poland): Morphology, anatomy and re-entrant corner effect},

author = { E.V. Galuskin and A. Winiarski and Ł. Karwowski and I.O. Galuskina and M. Urbańczyk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0039466334&partnerID=40&md5=c1bbab2fa723593dda72eab27d4c8b38},

issn = {00283649},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte},

number = {12},

pages = {531-548},

abstract = {The morphological and X-ray structural investigations of the aragonite twins from Faustianka (Poland) revealed two laws of twinning with the 2′/m and 2′ mm′ point symmetries and the (110) twin plane. The aragonite twins by 2′ mm′ possess dipyramidal habit untypical for aragonite with the developed [121] faces and re-entrant corner formed by [hk0] faces. The 27 simple forms were determinated on the crystals with goniometry, 15 of them were established for aragonite first. The new simple forms, usually with irrational indices, take part in facing of the re-entrant corner and "re-exitant" corner on the aragonite twins. Anatomy of the aragonite twins exposed by luminescence and X-ray topography indicates realization of re-entrant corner effect during their growth. Manifestation of the re-entrant corner effect was connected with influence of impurities, playing a significant role at low temperatures, which on the one hand stabilize growth of the faces with the high indices, but on the other hand accelerate one-sided growing of the crystal in area of the re-entrant corner.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-80052352537,

title = {Macrofauna of the Polish Zechstein: Its occurrence and stratigraphy},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and J. Klapcinski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052352537&doi=10.1144%2fGSL.SP.1986.022.01.20&partnerID=40&md5=aa399d209e77cfdb58928fc29711ebe1},

doi = {10.1144/GSL.SP.1986.022.01.20},

issn = {03058719},

year  = {1986},

date = {1986-01-01},

journal = {Geological Society Special Publication},

volume = {22},

pages = {211-216},

abstract = {This paper presents the characteristics of the Zechstein macrofauna of western and northern Poland. On the basis of the macrofauna and its variability, four biozones* are distinguished within the Zechstein succession. These are biostratigraphic units which correspond to both the basal clastics and the carbonate units of the succession. The faunal assemblages are characteristic of the individual carbonate horizons, and those assemblages typical of various palaeogeographical areas within the basin are reviewed. The macrofauna of the Polish Zechstein strata is also briefly compared with macrofauna recorded from the English Zechstein. © 1986 The Geological Society.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0022853730,

title = {Macrofauna of the Polish Zechstein: its occurrence and stratigraphy.},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and J. Klapcinski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0022853730&partnerID=40&md5=982dd916fc3ab9033517ba9928c90d32},

year  = {1986},

date = {1986-01-01},

journal = {The English Zechstein and related topics},

pages = {211-216},

publisher = {Blackwell Scientific; Geological Society Special Publication, 22},

abstract = {This paper presents the characteristics of the Zechstein macrofauna of western and northern Poland. On the basis of the macrofauna and its variability, four biozones are distinguished within the Zechstein succession. These are biostratigraphic units which correspond to both the basal clastics and the carbonate units of the succession. The faunal assemblages are characteristic of the individual carbonate horizons, and those assemblages typical of various palaeogeographical areas within the basin are reviewed. The macrofauna of the Polish Zechstein strata is also briefly compared with macrofauna recorded from the English Zechstein.-Authors},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0021056738,

title = {Polish with English abstract [(Conditions of formation of druse minerals from Michalowice (Karkonosze Massif-southwestern Poland).)]},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and R. Włodyka and M. Kurdziel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0021056738&partnerID=40&md5=97cf095a8513dba6ab8cedc888d533ac},

year  = {1983},

date = {1983-01-01},

journal = {Archiwum Mineralogiczne},

volume = {39},

number = {1},

pages = {29-37},

abstract = {Crystallization of quartz, albite, cleavelandite, sphene, fluorite, epidote and calcite from pneumatolytic fluid began at >500oC and continued at approx 450oC and 85-80 MPa to 100oC and 50 MPa. -R.A.H.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0021052445,

title = {Polish with English summary [(Beryl-bearing pegmatite from the environs of Jakuszyce (Karkonosze Mts).)]},

author = { R. Włodyka and Ł. Karwowski and Z. Bzowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0021052445&partnerID=40&md5=1701556e9a98ea568d46b8d0110a4546},

year  = {1983},

date = {1983-01-01},

journal = {Archiwum Mineralogiczne},

volume = {39},

number = {1},

pages = {17-28},

abstract = {A pegmatitic vein concordant with horizontal fractures in the host granite near Jakuszyce contains K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, tourmaline, beryl, biotite, muscovite, magnetite and pyrite. A study of fluid inclusions indicates that crystallization started at approx 500oC, P approx 82 MPa. A later albitization stage developed at 400-300oC with P down to 60 MPa, resulting in the albite-muscovite-quartz paragenesis. In the final stage of pegmatite formation, beryl, tourmaline and quartz crystallized down to approx 100oC and 47 MPa. IR absorption spectra are given for beryl, tourmaline, microcline, albite and magnetite.-R.A.H.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0019715654,

title = {Stannite in the cassiterite-sulfide deposits of the Izera Mts (Sudetes).},

author = { Ł. Karwowski and R. Włodyka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0019715654&partnerID=40&md5=a2f85b305fd00d4a0b48d2124c3ed1fd},

issn = {00015709},

year  = {1981},

date = {1981-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geologica Polonica},

volume = {31},

number = {1-2},

pages = {41-47},

abstract = {Stannite is reported in association with chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite and other sulphides in the cassiterite-sulphide deposits of the Kamienica range (Izera Mts.). It is grey with an olive-green tint; bireflectivity distinct in oil but rarely visible in air. Electron microprobe analysis for stannite from Gierczyn gave Sn 27.99, Cu 29.61, Fe 12.94, S 28.47, = 99.01, i.e. very close to the ideal composition Cu2FeSnS4. Newly recognized post-sulphide cassiterite was probably formed by stannite decomposition. The occurrence of stannite confirms the hydrothermal origin of the cassiterite-sulphide mineralization of the Izera Mts. -R.A.H.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0005429647,

title = {Chlorine/bromine ratio in fluid inclusions},

author = { A. Kozłowski and Ł. Karwowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0005429647&doi=10.2113%2fgsecongeo.69.2.268&partnerID=40&md5=cef68db53adb79d76602c61558d4d75f},

doi = {10.2113/gsecongeo.69.2.268},

issn = {03610128},

year  = {1974},

date = {1974-01-01},

journal = {Economic Geology},

volume = {69},

number = {2},

pages = {268-271},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}