• dr Joanna Szafraniec
Stanowisko: adiunkt
Jednostka: Instytut Nauk o Ziemi
Adres: 41-200 Sosnowiec, ul. Będzińska 60
Piętro: XIV
Numer pokoju: 1420
Telefon: (32) 3689 687
E-mail: joanna.szafraniec@us.edu.pl
Spis publikacji: Spis wg CINiBA
Spis publikacji: Spis wg OPUS
Scopus Author ID: 56613642300
Publikacje z bazy Scopus
2024
Wita, P.; Szafraniec, J. E.; Absalon, D.; Woźnica, A.
Lake bottom relief reconstruction and water volume estimation based on the subsidence rate of the post-mining area (Bytom, Southern Poland) Journal Article
In: Scientific Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, 2024, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-85186596398,
title = {Lake bottom relief reconstruction and water volume estimation based on the subsidence rate of the post-mining area (Bytom, Southern Poland)},
author = { P. Wita and J.E. Szafraniec and D. Absalon and A. Woźnica},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186596398&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-024-55963-0&partnerID=40&md5=8827a9e916680f934a72af8e2ecd7281},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-55963-0},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
publisher = {Nature Research},
abstract = {Mining activity leads to subsidence troughs and permanent changes in water relations, like the formation of anthropogenic reservoirs. In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland), their number is so high that the area is called an anthropogenic lake district. Any form of water retention, in the face of climate change, is valuable. However, the problem is the high variability of these lakes, making it challenging to estimate water resources. An example of this type of anthropogenic lake is the Brandka Pond in Bytom. An original method was proposed, consisting of two stages: reconstruction of the lake bottom relief based on the initial state of the area relief in 1994, i.e. at the beginning of the reservoir formation, and the land subsidence rate calculated for this area. Archival cartographic materials and DEMs from LiDAR data were used and processed in the open-source geoinformation software. Orthophoto maps and satellite scenes were also collected to determine changes in the extent of the pond from 1993 to 2019. Bathymetric data obtained in 2019 during sonar measurements on the reservoir was used to verify the calculations. The pond began to form in the early 1990s, and by 2019, it had reached an area of 178,226 m2, a maximum depth of 5.8 m and a capacity of 421,173 m3. The reconstruction method is accurate and suitable for lakes over 2 m deep, and the calculated capacity differs from the bathymetric data by 0.2%. © The Author(s) 2024.},
note = {2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mining activity leads to subsidence troughs and permanent changes in water relations, like the formation of anthropogenic reservoirs. In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland), their number is so high that the area is called an anthropogenic lake district. Any form of water retention, in the face of climate change, is valuable. However, the problem is the high variability of these lakes, making it challenging to estimate water resources. An example of this type of anthropogenic lake is the Brandka Pond in Bytom. An original method was proposed, consisting of two stages: reconstruction of the lake bottom relief based on the initial state of the area relief in 1994, i.e. at the beginning of the reservoir formation, and the land subsidence rate calculated for this area. Archival cartographic materials and DEMs from LiDAR data were used and processed in the open-source geoinformation software. Orthophoto maps and satellite scenes were also collected to determine changes in the extent of the pond from 1993 to 2019. Bathymetric data obtained in 2019 during sonar measurements on the reservoir was used to verify the calculations. The pond began to form in the early 1990s, and by 2019, it had reached an area of 178,226 m2, a maximum depth of 5.8 m and a capacity of 421,173 m3. The reconstruction method is accurate and suitable for lakes over 2 m deep, and the calculated capacity differs from the bathymetric data by 0.2%. © The Author(s) 2024.
Szafraniec, J. E.
A dataset of high-resolution digital elevation models of the Skeiðarársandur kettle holes, Southern Iceland Journal Article
In: Scientific Data, vol. 11, no. 1, 2024, (0).
@article{2-s2.0-85196762753,
title = {A dataset of high-resolution digital elevation models of the Skeiðarársandur kettle holes, Southern Iceland},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85196762753&doi=10.1038%2fs41597-024-03515-6&partnerID=40&md5=f430d98181b63201e24e4ca3bda949c1},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-024-03515-6},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
publisher = {Nature Research},
abstract = {In studies of the relief evolution of smaller landforms, up to several dozen meters in width/diameter, digital elevation models (DEMs) freely accessible in different repositories may be insufficient in terms of resolution. Existing geophysical or photogrammetric equipment is not always available due to costs, conditions and regulations, especially for students or young researchers. An alternative may be the handy-held ground-based Structure from Motion technique. It allows us to obtain free high-resolution DEMs (~0.05 m) using open-source software. The method was tested on kettle holes of the glacial flood origin on Skeiðarársandur (S Iceland). The material was collected in 2022 at two outwash levels of different ages and vegetation cover. The dataset is available in the Zenodo repository; the first part is data processed in point clouds and DEMs, and the second includes original videos in MOV format. The data can be used as a reference to assess changes in the kettle hole relief in subsequent research seasons, as a methodological study for other projects, or for didactic purposes. © The Author(s) 2024.},
note = {0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In studies of the relief evolution of smaller landforms, up to several dozen meters in width/diameter, digital elevation models (DEMs) freely accessible in different repositories may be insufficient in terms of resolution. Existing geophysical or photogrammetric equipment is not always available due to costs, conditions and regulations, especially for students or young researchers. An alternative may be the handy-held ground-based Structure from Motion technique. It allows us to obtain free high-resolution DEMs (~0.05 m) using open-source software. The method was tested on kettle holes of the glacial flood origin on Skeiðarársandur (S Iceland). The material was collected in 2022 at two outwash levels of different ages and vegetation cover. The dataset is available in the Zenodo repository; the first part is data processed in point clouds and DEMs, and the second includes original videos in MOV format. The data can be used as a reference to assess changes in the kettle hole relief in subsequent research seasons, as a methodological study for other projects, or for didactic purposes. © The Author(s) 2024.
2023
Dobiński, W.; Szafraniec, J. E.; Szypuła, B.
Area and borders of Antarctic and permafrost—A review and synthesis Journal Article
In: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 37-51, 2023, ISSN: 10456740, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85139186466,
title = {Area and borders of Antarctic and permafrost—A review and synthesis},
author = { W. Dobiński and J.E. Szafraniec and B. Szypuła},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139186466&doi=10.1002%2fppp.2170&partnerID=40&md5=d5371989f3ef55a85f630175cec01328},
doi = {10.1002/ppp.2170},
issn = {10456740},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Permafrost and Periglacial Processes},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {37-51},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
abstract = {The Antarctic continent is a crucial area for ultimate determination of permafrost extent on Earth, and its solution depends on the theoretical assumptions adopted. In fact, it ranges from 0.022 × 106 to 14 × 106 km2. This level of inaccuracy is unprecedented in the Earth sciences. The novelty of the present study consists in determining the extent of Antarctic permafrost not based exclusively on empirical studies but on universal criteria resulting from the definition of permafrost as the thermal state of the lithosphere, which was applied for the first time to this continent. The area covered by permafrost in Antarctica is ca. 13.9 million km2, that is its entire surface. This result was also made possible due to the first clear determination of the boundaries and area of the continent. The Antarctic area includes (a) rocky subsurface with (b) continental ice-sheets and (c) shelf glaciers, which, due to their terrigenous origin and belonging to the lithosphere, belongs to the continent in the same way. Antarctica is covered by continuous permafrost, either in a frozen or in a cryotic state. This also significantly influences delimitation of the global extent of permafrost, which can therefore be defined much more accurately. The proposed ice reclassification and its transfer from the hydrosphere to the lithosphere will allow the uniform treatment of ice in the Earth sciences, both on Earth and on other celestial bodies. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Antarctic continent is a crucial area for ultimate determination of permafrost extent on Earth, and its solution depends on the theoretical assumptions adopted. In fact, it ranges from 0.022 × 106 to 14 × 106 km2. This level of inaccuracy is unprecedented in the Earth sciences. The novelty of the present study consists in determining the extent of Antarctic permafrost not based exclusively on empirical studies but on universal criteria resulting from the definition of permafrost as the thermal state of the lithosphere, which was applied for the first time to this continent. The area covered by permafrost in Antarctica is ca. 13.9 million km2, that is its entire surface. This result was also made possible due to the first clear determination of the boundaries and area of the continent. The Antarctic area includes (a) rocky subsurface with (b) continental ice-sheets and (c) shelf glaciers, which, due to their terrigenous origin and belonging to the lithosphere, belongs to the continent in the same way. Antarctica is covered by continuous permafrost, either in a frozen or in a cryotic state. This also significantly influences delimitation of the global extent of permafrost, which can therefore be defined much more accurately. The proposed ice reclassification and its transfer from the hydrosphere to the lithosphere will allow the uniform treatment of ice in the Earth sciences, both on Earth and on other celestial bodies. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2022
Osika, A.; Jania, J. A.; Szafraniec, J. E.
Holocene ice-free strait followed by dynamic Neoglacial fluctuations: Hornsund, Svalbard Journal Article
In: Holocene, vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 664-679, 2022, ISSN: 09596836, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85130054615,
title = {Holocene ice-free strait followed by dynamic Neoglacial fluctuations: Hornsund, Svalbard},
author = { A. Osika and J.A. Jania and J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130054615&doi=10.1177%2f09596836221088232&partnerID=40&md5=cdfd64745ba2fcf45d2e2e2ed421500e},
doi = {10.1177/09596836221088232},
issn = {09596836},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Holocene},
volume = {32},
number = {7},
pages = {664-679},
publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
abstract = {The recession of the Hornbreen-Hambergbreen glaciers (Hornsund; Svalbard) will lead to the formation of a strait between the Greenland and Barents Seas within a few decades. We provide evidence for the earlier existence of this strait, in the Early–Middle Holocene and presumably since 1.3 ka cal. BP until glacier advance 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. Radiocarbon dating of mollusc shells from the ground moraines in the Hornbreen forefield indicate the existence of the marine environment at the contemporary glacierized head of Hornsund since 10.9 ka cal. BP or earlier due to glacier retreat. The gap in the radiocarbon dates between 3.9 and 1.3 ka cal. BP and the published results of 10Be exposure dating on Treskelen suggest the strait’s closure after glacier advance in the Neoglacial. Subsequent re-opening occurred around 1.3 ka cal. BP, but according to 10Be dates from Treskelen, the strait has again been closed since ca. 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. The oldest known surge of Hornbreen occurred around 1900. Analysis of Landsat satellite images, morphometric indicators characterizing the glacier frontal zones and previous studies indicate one surge of Hambergbreen (1957–1968) and five re-advances of Hornbreen in the 20th century (after 1936; between 1958 and 1962; in 1986–1990; 1998–1999; 2011). While the warmer Holocene intervals might be a benchmark for the effects of future climate change, glacier dynamics in post-Little Ice Age climate warming seems to be an analogue of glacier retreats and re-advances in the earlier periods of the Holocene. © The Author(s) 2022.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The recession of the Hornbreen-Hambergbreen glaciers (Hornsund; Svalbard) will lead to the formation of a strait between the Greenland and Barents Seas within a few decades. We provide evidence for the earlier existence of this strait, in the Early–Middle Holocene and presumably since 1.3 ka cal. BP until glacier advance 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. Radiocarbon dating of mollusc shells from the ground moraines in the Hornbreen forefield indicate the existence of the marine environment at the contemporary glacierized head of Hornsund since 10.9 ka cal. BP or earlier due to glacier retreat. The gap in the radiocarbon dates between 3.9 and 1.3 ka cal. BP and the published results of 10Be exposure dating on Treskelen suggest the strait’s closure after glacier advance in the Neoglacial. Subsequent re-opening occurred around 1.3 ka cal. BP, but according to 10Be dates from Treskelen, the strait has again been closed since ca. 0.7 ± 0.3 ka or earlier. The oldest known surge of Hornbreen occurred around 1900. Analysis of Landsat satellite images, morphometric indicators characterizing the glacier frontal zones and previous studies indicate one surge of Hambergbreen (1957–1968) and five re-advances of Hornbreen in the 20th century (after 1936; between 1958 and 1962; in 1986–1990; 1998–1999; 2011). While the warmer Holocene intervals might be a benchmark for the effects of future climate change, glacier dynamics in post-Little Ice Age climate warming seems to be an analogue of glacier retreats and re-advances in the earlier periods of the Holocene. © The Author(s) 2022.
2020
Szafraniec, J. E.
Ice-cliff morphometry in identifying the surge phenomenon of tidewater glaciers (Spitsbergen, Svalbard) Journal Article
In: Geosciences (Switzerland), vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1-21, 2020, ISSN: 20763263, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-85090541447,
title = {Ice-cliff morphometry in identifying the surge phenomenon of tidewater glaciers (Spitsbergen, Svalbard)},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090541447&doi=10.3390%2fgeosciences10090328&partnerID=40&md5=537c9e7c921a60ac10c9c4683daba38b},
doi = {10.3390/geosciences10090328},
issn = {20763263},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Geosciences (Switzerland)},
volume = {10},
number = {9},
pages = {1-21},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {In this study, 110 tidewater glaciers from Spitsbergen were studied to characterize the frontal zone using morphometric indicators. In addition, their time variability was also determined based on features of the active phase of glacier surges. Landsat satellite imagery and topographic maps were used for digitalization of the ice-cliffs line. In recent years (2014–2017) all the glaciers studied can be thus classified as: stagnant (33%), retreating and deeply recessing (33%), starting to move forward/fulfilling the frontal zone (23%), and surging (11%). Indicators of the glacier frontal zone (CfD and CfE) allow to identify the beginning and the end of the active phase through changes in their values by ca. 0.05–0.06 by the year and get even bigger for large glaciers as opposed to typical interannual differences within the limits of ±0.01 to 0.02. The active phase lasted an average of 6–10 years. The presence of a “glacier buttress system” and the “pointed arch” structure of the ice-cliff seem to be an important factor regulating the tidewater glacier stability. © 2020 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this study, 110 tidewater glaciers from Spitsbergen were studied to characterize the frontal zone using morphometric indicators. In addition, their time variability was also determined based on features of the active phase of glacier surges. Landsat satellite imagery and topographic maps were used for digitalization of the ice-cliffs line. In recent years (2014–2017) all the glaciers studied can be thus classified as: stagnant (33%), retreating and deeply recessing (33%), starting to move forward/fulfilling the frontal zone (23%), and surging (11%). Indicators of the glacier frontal zone (CfD and CfE) allow to identify the beginning and the end of the active phase through changes in their values by ca. 0.05–0.06 by the year and get even bigger for large glaciers as opposed to typical interannual differences within the limits of ±0.01 to 0.02. The active phase lasted an average of 6–10 years. The presence of a “glacier buttress system” and the “pointed arch” structure of the ice-cliff seem to be an important factor regulating the tidewater glacier stability. © 2020 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Szafraniec, J. E.; Dobiński, W.
Deglaciation rate of selected nunataks in spitsbergen, svalbard—potential for permafrost expansion above the glacial environment Journal Article
In: Geosciences (Switzerland), vol. 10, no. 5, 2020, ISSN: 20763263, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-85085710213,
title = {Deglaciation rate of selected nunataks in spitsbergen, svalbard—potential for permafrost expansion above the glacial environment},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec and W. Dobiński},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085710213&doi=10.3390%2fgeosciences10050202&partnerID=40&md5=344482d9a14b07252a47f76ea28d074e},
doi = {10.3390/geosciences10050202},
issn = {20763263},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Geosciences (Switzerland)},
volume = {10},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Spitsbergen has recently experienced a continuous deglaciation process, linked to both glacier front retreat and lowering of the glacier surface. This process is accompanied by permafrost aggradation from the top of the slopes down to the glacier. Here, the authors determine the rate of permafrost expansion in this type of vertical profile. To this end, seven nunataks across the island were analysed using Landsat satellite imagery, a high-resolution digital elevation model (ArcticDEM), and geoinformation software. Over the last 24–31 years, new nunataks gradually emerged from the ice cover at an average linear rate of 0.06 m a−1 per degree of increment of the slope of the terrain at an average altitude of approximately 640 m a.s.l. The analysis showed that the maximum rate of permafrost expansion down the slope was positively correlated with the average nunatak elevation, reaching a value of approximately 10,000 m2 a−1. In cold climates, with a mean annual air temperature (MAAT) below 0 °C, newly exposed land is occupied by active periglacial environments, causing permafrost aggradation. Therefore, both glacial and periglacial environments are changing over time concomitantly, with permafrost aggradation occurring along and around the glacier, wherever the MAAT is negative. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Spitsbergen has recently experienced a continuous deglaciation process, linked to both glacier front retreat and lowering of the glacier surface. This process is accompanied by permafrost aggradation from the top of the slopes down to the glacier. Here, the authors determine the rate of permafrost expansion in this type of vertical profile. To this end, seven nunataks across the island were analysed using Landsat satellite imagery, a high-resolution digital elevation model (ArcticDEM), and geoinformation software. Over the last 24–31 years, new nunataks gradually emerged from the ice cover at an average linear rate of 0.06 m a−1 per degree of increment of the slope of the terrain at an average altitude of approximately 640 m a.s.l. The analysis showed that the maximum rate of permafrost expansion down the slope was positively correlated with the average nunatak elevation, reaching a value of approximately 10,000 m2 a−1. In cold climates, with a mean annual air temperature (MAAT) below 0 °C, newly exposed land is occupied by active periglacial environments, causing permafrost aggradation. Therefore, both glacial and periglacial environments are changing over time concomitantly, with permafrost aggradation occurring along and around the glacier, wherever the MAAT is negative. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
2018
Szafraniec, J. E.
Deglaciation rate on southern and western Spitsbergen in the conditions of Arctic amplification Journal Article
In: Polish Polar Research, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 77-98, 2018, ISSN: 01380338, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85046736646,
title = {Deglaciation rate on southern and western Spitsbergen in the conditions of Arctic amplification},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046736646&doi=10.24425%2f118739&partnerID=40&md5=495d50ed83586ccd52670fa77468f584},
doi = {10.24425/118739},
issn = {01380338},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Polish Polar Research},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
pages = {77-98},
publisher = {Polish Academy of Sciences},
abstract = {This paper reports on a morphometric analysis of land-terminating glaciers on southern and western Spitsbergen in the years 1936–2014. An attempt was made to estimate the deglaciation rate and the scale of its acceleration in the 21st century in the conditions of Arctic amplification. Satellite scenes and topographic map sheets were used for the study and were analyzed by means of remote sensing and GIS methods. The study covered 2000–2014 years and concluded that surface recession accelerated on average by a factor of 2.75 compared to the 1936–2000 period, while linear recession was 2.2 times faster. The greatest increase in the deglaciation rate can be observed in the case of glaciers faced to N and W sectors. The deglaciation process is the most advanced in the central part of the island, where small, compact mountain glaciers predominate. In recent years, a slowdown in the deglaciation processes in these glaciers was observed. The studies demonstrate that the deglaciation rate was mainly influenced by the basin relief determining the glacier geometry. The resultant fractal nature of the ice cover makes it highly vulnerable to the disintegration of complex glacial systems into smaller ones due to glacier thinning and the separation of outlets. The acceleration of the deglaciation rate in turn is modified by the climate factor, especially the impact of warming air masses from the N and W sectors where seas are becoming increasingly ice-free and, consequently, have an increasing heat capacity. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper reports on a morphometric analysis of land-terminating glaciers on southern and western Spitsbergen in the years 1936–2014. An attempt was made to estimate the deglaciation rate and the scale of its acceleration in the 21st century in the conditions of Arctic amplification. Satellite scenes and topographic map sheets were used for the study and were analyzed by means of remote sensing and GIS methods. The study covered 2000–2014 years and concluded that surface recession accelerated on average by a factor of 2.75 compared to the 1936–2000 period, while linear recession was 2.2 times faster. The greatest increase in the deglaciation rate can be observed in the case of glaciers faced to N and W sectors. The deglaciation process is the most advanced in the central part of the island, where small, compact mountain glaciers predominate. In recent years, a slowdown in the deglaciation processes in these glaciers was observed. The studies demonstrate that the deglaciation rate was mainly influenced by the basin relief determining the glacier geometry. The resultant fractal nature of the ice cover makes it highly vulnerable to the disintegration of complex glacial systems into smaller ones due to glacier thinning and the separation of outlets. The acceleration of the deglaciation rate in turn is modified by the climate factor, especially the impact of warming air masses from the N and W sectors where seas are becoming increasingly ice-free and, consequently, have an increasing heat capacity. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.
2013
Szafraniec, J. E.
Paleoflood marks in sandur morphometry as the result of the glacier surge (NW Poland) Journal Article
In: Hydrology Research, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 264-280, 2013, ISSN: 00291277, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-84879112187,
title = {Paleoflood marks in sandur morphometry as the result of the glacier surge (NW Poland)},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84879112187&doi=10.2166%2fnh.2012.151&partnerID=40&md5=1723d51aee6350e07876549025ca3413},
doi = {10.2166/nh.2012.151},
issn = {00291277},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Hydrology Research},
volume = {44},
number = {2},
pages = {264-280},
abstract = {In the Pomeranian marginal zone of the last Pleistocene glaciation specific morphometric features are found. They represent indicators of surging events affecting the individual outlet glacier lobes of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet margin. They are assumed to have been active during the climate warming of the Weichselian glaciation decay. Many tunnel valleys deep-rooted in the proximal slopes of the terminal moraine ridge with incised gorges and wide extramarginal sandur fans spread from the mouths to the forefield. The relatively low relief intensity factor, the fluvioglacial sediments covering distal slopes of the terminal moraines and 'washed out' older forms may be considered as indirect evidence of outburst floods caused by a re-canalization of the subglacial drainage system. The morphometry of the palaeochannels in the gorge profiles are used to calculate estimates of extreme discharges (c. 5 × 10 3-105m3 s-1). © 2013 IWA Publishing.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the Pomeranian marginal zone of the last Pleistocene glaciation specific morphometric features are found. They represent indicators of surging events affecting the individual outlet glacier lobes of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet margin. They are assumed to have been active during the climate warming of the Weichselian glaciation decay. Many tunnel valleys deep-rooted in the proximal slopes of the terminal moraine ridge with incised gorges and wide extramarginal sandur fans spread from the mouths to the forefield. The relatively low relief intensity factor, the fluvioglacial sediments covering distal slopes of the terminal moraines and 'washed out' older forms may be considered as indirect evidence of outburst floods caused by a re-canalization of the subglacial drainage system. The morphometry of the palaeochannels in the gorge profiles are used to calculate estimates of extreme discharges (c. 5 × 10 3-105m3 s-1). © 2013 IWA Publishing.
2005
Bukowska-Jania, E.; Szafraniec, J. E.
Distribution and morphometric characteristics of icing fields in Svalbard Journal Article
In: Polar Research, vol. 24, no. 1-2, pp. 41-53, 2005, ISSN: 08000395, (17).
@article{2-s2.0-22944471425,
title = {Distribution and morphometric characteristics of icing fields in Svalbard},
author = { E. Bukowska-Jania and J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-22944471425&doi=10.1111%2fj.1751-8369.2005.tb00139.x&partnerID=40&md5=bcc6102973b17bc721da61b553013776},
doi = {10.1111/j.1751-8369.2005.tb00139.x},
issn = {08000395},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Polar Research},
volume = {24},
number = {1-2},
pages = {41-53},
publisher = {Norwegian Polar Institute},
abstract = {Icing fields are common in Svalbard and very diverse with respect to shape. The occurrence and spatial structure of icing fields in front of glaciers were analysed using aerial photographs (at a scale of 1:50 000) taken from 19 July to 25 August 1990 - a unique set of images covering the whole archipelago in one summer season. Icing fields were observed in front of 217 glaciers. A total area of 12.3 km2 appeared to be covered by the icings. This value, from late in the ablation season, is likely to be near the seasonal minimum. Of the 217 glaciers, 192 were selected for further analysis, carried out by stereoscopic observation of the aerial photographs. Striking difference in brightness of the icing fields in comparison to the surrounded terrain combined with field experience of the geomorphic setting of its occurrence made possible the complete inventory of the icing phenomena for the whole of Svalbard. Morphometric features were measured directly on photographs and on scanned portions of them. Results from field studies of melting and the decrease of the area of icing fields at the front of two glaciers are also presented. The shape and distribution of icings depend on a set of glaciological factors and on the glacial and geomorphologic setting. The duration of frigid temperatures in the winter when the icing fields were formed is also important. Results show that oval and circular shapes are characteristic for icing fields after surviving the ablation season. These fields have an important geomorphological influence on the outwash plains that currently develop in Svalbard.},
note = {17},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Icing fields are common in Svalbard and very diverse with respect to shape. The occurrence and spatial structure of icing fields in front of glaciers were analysed using aerial photographs (at a scale of 1:50 000) taken from 19 July to 25 August 1990 - a unique set of images covering the whole archipelago in one summer season. Icing fields were observed in front of 217 glaciers. A total area of 12.3 km2 appeared to be covered by the icings. This value, from late in the ablation season, is likely to be near the seasonal minimum. Of the 217 glaciers, 192 were selected for further analysis, carried out by stereoscopic observation of the aerial photographs. Striking difference in brightness of the icing fields in comparison to the surrounded terrain combined with field experience of the geomorphic setting of its occurrence made possible the complete inventory of the icing phenomena for the whole of Svalbard. Morphometric features were measured directly on photographs and on scanned portions of them. Results from field studies of melting and the decrease of the area of icing fields at the front of two glaciers are also presented. The shape and distribution of icings depend on a set of glaciological factors and on the glacial and geomorphologic setting. The duration of frigid temperatures in the winter when the icing fields were formed is also important. Results show that oval and circular shapes are characteristic for icing fields after surviving the ablation season. These fields have an important geomorphological influence on the outwash plains that currently develop in Svalbard.
2002
Szafraniec, J. E.
Influence of positive degree-days and sunshine duration on the surface ablation of Hansbreen, Spitsbergen glacier Journal Article
In: Polish Polar Research, vol. 23, no. 3-4, pp. 227-240, 2002, ISSN: 01380338, (16).
@article{2-s2.0-0037005052,
title = {Influence of positive degree-days and sunshine duration on the surface ablation of Hansbreen, Spitsbergen glacier},
author = { J.E. Szafraniec},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037005052&partnerID=40&md5=677a9782821167d6d9c1710a5756dc9a},
issn = {01380338},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Polish Polar Research},
volume = {23},
number = {3-4},
pages = {227-240},
abstract = {The results of a statistical analysis of the influence of the Hansbreen surface ablation relative to selected meteorological parameters (air temperature and sunshine duration) are presented here. Over the period 1989-2001 the lowest summer balance on the surface ablation of Hansbreen was recorded in 1994 (-0.56 m water equivalent). Concurrently, both the air temperature (mean seasonal -2.3°C) and the sunshine duration (seasonal sum -278.9 h) were at their lowest. Owing, to the relatively high sunshine duration (676.5 h), the highest values were in 1998 (-1.71 m w.e.); likewise, in 2001 (-1.84 m w.e.) when a high air temperature (mean of 3.6°C) occurred. The statistical models erected on the basis of these data allow us to estimate fairly reliably the seasonal ablation of Hansbreen. The basis of these is the reasonably reliable relationship determinable between the seasonal sum of PDD (positive degree days) and the ablation intensity changes in respect of altitude above sea level. Sunshine duration is regarded here as being of very little significance in terms of increasing the accuracy of the models. The errors inherent in this models varies from 28% to as little as 7%. Shown models may eventually find application as a method of calculating the amount of water resulting from the decay of tidewater glaciers.},
note = {16},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The results of a statistical analysis of the influence of the Hansbreen surface ablation relative to selected meteorological parameters (air temperature and sunshine duration) are presented here. Over the period 1989-2001 the lowest summer balance on the surface ablation of Hansbreen was recorded in 1994 (-0.56 m water equivalent). Concurrently, both the air temperature (mean seasonal -2.3°C) and the sunshine duration (seasonal sum -278.9 h) were at their lowest. Owing, to the relatively high sunshine duration (676.5 h), the highest values were in 1998 (-1.71 m w.e.); likewise, in 2001 (-1.84 m w.e.) when a high air temperature (mean of 3.6°C) occurred. The statistical models erected on the basis of these data allow us to estimate fairly reliably the seasonal ablation of Hansbreen. The basis of these is the reasonably reliable relationship determinable between the seasonal sum of PDD (positive degree days) and the ablation intensity changes in respect of altitude above sea level. Sunshine duration is regarded here as being of very little significance in terms of increasing the accuracy of the models. The errors inherent in this models varies from 28% to as little as 7%. Shown models may eventually find application as a method of calculating the amount of water resulting from the decay of tidewater glaciers.