• dr hab. Joanna Szymanowska-Pułka
Stanowisko: Profesor Uczelni
Jednostka: Wydział Nauk Przyrodniczych
Adres: 40-032 Katowice, ul. Jagiellońska 28
Piętro: III
Numer pokoju: C-353
Telefon: (32) 2009 371
E-mail: joanna.szymanowska-pulka@us.edu.pl
Spis publikacji: Spis wg CINiBA
Spis publikacji: Spis wg OPUS
Scopus Author ID: 6507027181
Publikacje z bazy Scopus
2024
Śróbka, J.; Potocka, I. W.; Karczewski, J.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Sensitivity and strength of maize roots facing different physical conditions of the growth medium Journal Article
In: Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, vol. 93, 2024, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85196705494,
title = {Sensitivity and strength of maize roots facing different physical conditions of the growth medium},
author = { J. Śróbka and I.W. Potocka and J. Karczewski and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85196705494&doi=10.5586%2fasbp%2f187377&partnerID=40&md5=940a7389bec9c8b459a0e6494040c21c},
doi = {10.5586/asbp/187377},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},
volume = {93},
publisher = {Polish Botanical Society},
abstract = {The morphology of a plant’s root is strongly affected by the compaction of the growth medium, the size of its particles, or the presence of non-movable obstacles. However, little is known about the effect of these characteristics on root anatomy and mechanical properties of the root tissues. Anatomical features of maize roots grown in media that varied in density and/or structure (soil; glass beads; vermiculite) were analyzed on cross-sections through the elongation and maturation zones of the roots of 14-day-old seedlings. The sections were stained for lignin and suberin to recognize the developmental stages of exodermis and endodermis. Cortex thickness, number of cortical cell layers, and diameter of the vascular cylinder (stele) were measured in both zones. The Young’s modulus of the roots was determined using mechanical tensile tests. Assuming that the root can be considered a composite material, a model was used that allowed, for the first time, the estimation of the mechanical properties of the stele and cortex. While the cell arrangement of roots grown in a medium with high density and fine movable particles (soil) was regular, roots grown in a medium with low density and light particles (vermiculite) and a medium with high density and large unmovable particles (glass beads) showed early damage of the rhizodermis and impaired cell arrangement in the cortex and vascular cylinder. In these roots, the exodermis and endodermis matured closer to the root tip than in roots from the soil. The vermiculite roots were the most outliers in terms of morphometric parameters and mechanical properties. The Young’s modulus of the stele was many times greater than the Young’s modulus of the cortex in the roots of all variants. Of the media used in the experiment, the soil appears to be most favorable for the maize root growth and development. © The Author(s) 2024.},
note = {1},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The morphology of a plant’s root is strongly affected by the compaction of the growth medium, the size of its particles, or the presence of non-movable obstacles. However, little is known about the effect of these characteristics on root anatomy and mechanical properties of the root tissues. Anatomical features of maize roots grown in media that varied in density and/or structure (soil; glass beads; vermiculite) were analyzed on cross-sections through the elongation and maturation zones of the roots of 14-day-old seedlings. The sections were stained for lignin and suberin to recognize the developmental stages of exodermis and endodermis. Cortex thickness, number of cortical cell layers, and diameter of the vascular cylinder (stele) were measured in both zones. The Young’s modulus of the roots was determined using mechanical tensile tests. Assuming that the root can be considered a composite material, a model was used that allowed, for the first time, the estimation of the mechanical properties of the stele and cortex. While the cell arrangement of roots grown in a medium with high density and fine movable particles (soil) was regular, roots grown in a medium with low density and light particles (vermiculite) and a medium with high density and large unmovable particles (glass beads) showed early damage of the rhizodermis and impaired cell arrangement in the cortex and vascular cylinder. In these roots, the exodermis and endodermis matured closer to the root tip than in roots from the soil. The vermiculite roots were the most outliers in terms of morphometric parameters and mechanical properties. The Young’s modulus of the stele was many times greater than the Young’s modulus of the cortex in the roots of all variants. Of the media used in the experiment, the soil appears to be most favorable for the maize root growth and development. © The Author(s) 2024.
2021
Potocka, I. W.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
The pellicle–Another strategy of the root apex protection against mechanical stress? Journal Article
In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 22, no. 23, 2021, ISSN: 16616596, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85119590030,
title = {The pellicle–Another strategy of the root apex protection against mechanical stress?},
author = { I.W. Potocka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85119590030&doi=10.3390%2fijms222312711&partnerID=40&md5=f856fde8ce040b59f5d0d7d956a82e1b},
doi = {10.3390/ijms222312711},
issn = {16616596},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
volume = {22},
number = {23},
publisher = {MDPI},
abstract = {In grasses, the apical part of the root is covered by a two-layered deposit of extracellular material, the pellicle, which together with the outer periclinal wall of protodermal cells forms the three-layered epidermal surface. In this study, the effect of mechanical stress on the pellicle was examined. An experiment was performed, in which maize roots were grown in narrow diameter plastic tubes with conical endings for 24 h. Two groups of experimental roots were included in the analysis: stressed (S) roots, whose tips did not grow out of the tubes, and recovering (R) roots, whose apices grew out of the tube. Control (C) roots grew freely between the layers of moist filter paper. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy analysis revealed microdamage in all the layers of the epidermal surface of S roots, however, protodermal cells in the meristematic zone remained viable. The outermost pellicle layer was twice as thick as in C roots. In R roots, large areas of dead cells were observed between the meristematic zone and the transition zone. The pellicle was defective with a discontinuous and irregular outermost layer. In the meristematic zone the pellicle was undamaged and the protodermal cells were intact. The results lead to the conclusion that the pellicle may prevent damage to protodermal cells, thus protecting the root apical meristem from the negative effects of mechano-stress. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {1},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In grasses, the apical part of the root is covered by a two-layered deposit of extracellular material, the pellicle, which together with the outer periclinal wall of protodermal cells forms the three-layered epidermal surface. In this study, the effect of mechanical stress on the pellicle was examined. An experiment was performed, in which maize roots were grown in narrow diameter plastic tubes with conical endings for 24 h. Two groups of experimental roots were included in the analysis: stressed (S) roots, whose tips did not grow out of the tubes, and recovering (R) roots, whose apices grew out of the tube. Control (C) roots grew freely between the layers of moist filter paper. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy analysis revealed microdamage in all the layers of the epidermal surface of S roots, however, protodermal cells in the meristematic zone remained viable. The outermost pellicle layer was twice as thick as in C roots. In R roots, large areas of dead cells were observed between the meristematic zone and the transition zone. The pellicle was defective with a discontinuous and irregular outermost layer. In the meristematic zone the pellicle was undamaged and the protodermal cells were intact. The results lead to the conclusion that the pellicle may prevent damage to protodermal cells, thus protecting the root apical meristem from the negative effects of mechano-stress. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
2019
Piekarska-Stachowiak, A.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Potocka, I. W.; Lipowczan, M.
Topological traits of a cellular pattern versus growth rate anisotropy in radish roots Journal Article
In: Protoplasma, vol. 256, no. 4, pp. 1037-1049, 2019, ISSN: 0033183X, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-85062693923,
title = {Topological traits of a cellular pattern versus growth rate anisotropy in radish roots},
author = { A. Piekarska-Stachowiak and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and I.W. Potocka and M. Lipowczan},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062693923&doi=10.1007%2fs00709-019-01362-6&partnerID=40&md5=cccf6583996ca648bc09a4c2447b52e2},
doi = {10.1007/s00709-019-01362-6},
issn = {0033183X},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Protoplasma},
volume = {256},
number = {4},
pages = {1037-1049},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},
abstract = {The topology of a cellular pattern, which means the spatial arrangement of cells, directly corresponds with cell packing, which is crucial for tissue and organ functioning. The topological features of cells that are typically analyzed are the number of their neighbors and the cell area. To date, the objects of most topological studies have been the growing cells of the surface tissues of plant and animal organs. Some of these researches also provide verification of Lewis’s Law concerning the linear correlation between the number of neighboring cells and the cell area. Our aim was to analyze the cellular topology and applicability of Lewis’s Law to an anisotropically growing plant organ. The object of our study was the root apex of radish. Based on the tensor description of plant organ growth, we specified the level of anisotropy in specific zones (the root proper; the columella of the cap and the lateral parts of the cap) and in specific types of both external (epidermis) and internal tissues (stele and ground tissue) of the apex. The strongest anisotropy occurred in the root proper, while both zones of the cap showed an intermediate level of anisotropy of growth. Some differences in the topology of the cellular pattern in the zones were also detected; in the root proper, six-sided cells predominated, while in the root cap columella and in the lateral parts of the cap, most cells had five neighbors. The correlation coefficient rL between the number of neighboring cells and the cell area was high in the apex as a whole as well as in all of the zones except the root proper and in all of the tissue types except the ground tissue. In general, Lewis’s Law was fulfilled in the anisotropically growing radish root apex. However, the level of the applicability (rL value) of Lewis’s Law was negatively correlated with the level of the anisotropy of growth, which may suggest that in plant organs in the regions of anisotropic growth, the number of neighboring cells is less dependent on the cell size. © 2019, The Author(s).},
note = {2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The topology of a cellular pattern, which means the spatial arrangement of cells, directly corresponds with cell packing, which is crucial for tissue and organ functioning. The topological features of cells that are typically analyzed are the number of their neighbors and the cell area. To date, the objects of most topological studies have been the growing cells of the surface tissues of plant and animal organs. Some of these researches also provide verification of Lewis’s Law concerning the linear correlation between the number of neighboring cells and the cell area. Our aim was to analyze the cellular topology and applicability of Lewis’s Law to an anisotropically growing plant organ. The object of our study was the root apex of radish. Based on the tensor description of plant organ growth, we specified the level of anisotropy in specific zones (the root proper; the columella of the cap and the lateral parts of the cap) and in specific types of both external (epidermis) and internal tissues (stele and ground tissue) of the apex. The strongest anisotropy occurred in the root proper, while both zones of the cap showed an intermediate level of anisotropy of growth. Some differences in the topology of the cellular pattern in the zones were also detected; in the root proper, six-sided cells predominated, while in the root cap columella and in the lateral parts of the cap, most cells had five neighbors. The correlation coefficient rL between the number of neighboring cells and the cell area was high in the apex as a whole as well as in all of the zones except the root proper and in all of the tissue types except the ground tissue. In general, Lewis’s Law was fulfilled in the anisotropically growing radish root apex. However, the level of the applicability (rL value) of Lewis’s Law was negatively correlated with the level of the anisotropy of growth, which may suggest that in plant organs in the regions of anisotropic growth, the number of neighboring cells is less dependent on the cell size. © 2019, The Author(s).
Kus, A.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Kwaśniewska, J.; Hasterok, R.
Detecting Brachypodium distachyon chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in MH- and X-ray-induced micronuclei using mcFISH Journal Article
In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 11, 2019, ISSN: 16616596, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-85068449940,
title = {Detecting Brachypodium distachyon chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in MH- and X-ray-induced micronuclei using mcFISH},
author = { A. Kus and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and J. Kwaśniewska and R. Hasterok},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068449940&doi=10.3390%2fijms20112848&partnerID=40&md5=f40aef05841fe8d4b6057ef3081cefac},
doi = {10.3390/ijms20112848},
issn = {16616596},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
volume = {20},
number = {11},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Micronuclei are biomarkers of genotoxic effects and chromosomal instability. They are formed when chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes fail to disjoin into daughter nuclei. We present qualitative and quantitative analyses of the involvement of specific chromosome regions of chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in the formation of micronuclei of Brachypodium distachyon root tip cells following maleic hydrazide (MH) treatment and X-radiation. This is visualised by cytomolecular approaches using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mcFISH) in combination with 5S and 25S rDNA probes. The results showed that the long arm of submetacentric chromosome Bd4 forms micronuclei at twice the frequency of its short arm, suggesting that the former is more prone to double-strand breaks (DSBs). In contrast, no difference was observed in the frequency of micronuclei derived from the long and short arms of submetacentric chromosome Bd5. Interestingly, the proximal region of the short arm of Bd5 is more prone to DSBs than its distal part. This demonstrates that 5S rDNA and 35S rDNA loci are not “hot spots” for DNA breaks after the application of these mutagens. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Micronuclei are biomarkers of genotoxic effects and chromosomal instability. They are formed when chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes fail to disjoin into daughter nuclei. We present qualitative and quantitative analyses of the involvement of specific chromosome regions of chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in the formation of micronuclei of Brachypodium distachyon root tip cells following maleic hydrazide (MH) treatment and X-radiation. This is visualised by cytomolecular approaches using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mcFISH) in combination with 5S and 25S rDNA probes. The results showed that the long arm of submetacentric chromosome Bd4 forms micronuclei at twice the frequency of its short arm, suggesting that the former is more prone to double-strand breaks (DSBs). In contrast, no difference was observed in the frequency of micronuclei derived from the long and short arms of submetacentric chromosome Bd5. Interestingly, the proximal region of the short arm of Bd5 is more prone to DSBs than its distal part. This demonstrates that 5S rDNA and 35S rDNA loci are not “hot spots” for DNA breaks after the application of these mutagens. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
2018
Kus, A.; Kwaśniewska, J.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Hasterok, R.
Dissecting the chromosomal composition of mutagen-induced micronuclei in Brachypodium distachyon using multicolour FISH Journal Article
In: Annals of Botany, vol. 122, no. 7, pp. 1161-1171, 2018, ISSN: 03057364, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85059798719,
title = {Dissecting the chromosomal composition of mutagen-induced micronuclei in Brachypodium distachyon using multicolour FISH},
author = { A. Kus and J. Kwaśniewska and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and R. Hasterok},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059798719&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcy115&partnerID=40&md5=b9a66d550306425b0c916d43ec01570f},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcy115},
issn = {03057364},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Annals of Botany},
volume = {122},
number = {7},
pages = {1161-1171},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
abstract = {Background and Aims Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a model species for temperate cereals and other economically important grasses. Its favourable cytogenetic features and advanced molecular infrastructure make it a good model for understanding the mechanisms of instability of plant genomes after mutagenic treatment. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the composition and origin of micronuclei arising from genomic fracture, and to detect possible 'hot spots' for mutagen-induced DNA breaks. • Methods Seeds of Brachypodium were treated with maleic hydrazide (MH) or X-rays. The structure of mutagen-induced micronuclei was analysed in root-tip meristematic cells using multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridization (mcFISH) with various repetitive (5S rDNA; 25S rDNA; telomeric; centromeric) and low-repeat [small and large pools of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones specific for chromosome Bd1] DNA sequences. • Key Results The majority of micronuclei derive from large, acentric fragments. X-rays caused more interstitial DNA breaks than MH. Double-strand breaks rarely occurred in distal chromosome regions. Bd1 contributed to the formation of more mutagen-induced micronuclei than expected from random chromosome involvement. • Conclusions mcFISH with chromosome-specific BAC clones offers insight into micronuclei composition, in so far as it allows their origin and formation to be determined more specifically. A reliable assay for micronuclei composition is crucial for the development of modern genotoxicity tests using plant cells. The combination of mutagenic treatments and well-developed cytomolecular resources in Brachypodium make this model species very promising for plant mutagenesis research. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background and Aims Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a model species for temperate cereals and other economically important grasses. Its favourable cytogenetic features and advanced molecular infrastructure make it a good model for understanding the mechanisms of instability of plant genomes after mutagenic treatment. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the composition and origin of micronuclei arising from genomic fracture, and to detect possible 'hot spots' for mutagen-induced DNA breaks. • Methods Seeds of Brachypodium were treated with maleic hydrazide (MH) or X-rays. The structure of mutagen-induced micronuclei was analysed in root-tip meristematic cells using multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridization (mcFISH) with various repetitive (5S rDNA; 25S rDNA; telomeric; centromeric) and low-repeat [small and large pools of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones specific for chromosome Bd1] DNA sequences. • Key Results The majority of micronuclei derive from large, acentric fragments. X-rays caused more interstitial DNA breaks than MH. Double-strand breaks rarely occurred in distal chromosome regions. Bd1 contributed to the formation of more mutagen-induced micronuclei than expected from random chromosome involvement. • Conclusions mcFISH with chromosome-specific BAC clones offers insight into micronuclei composition, in so far as it allows their origin and formation to be determined more specifically. A reliable assay for micronuclei composition is crucial for the development of modern genotoxicity tests using plant cells. The combination of mutagenic treatments and well-developed cytomolecular resources in Brachypodium make this model species very promising for plant mutagenesis research. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company.
Potocka, I. W.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress Journal Article
In: Annals of botany, vol. 122, no. 5, pp. 711-723, 2018, ISSN: 10958290, (48).
@article{2-s2.0-85056283476,
title = {Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress},
author = { I.W. Potocka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056283476&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcy010&partnerID=40&md5=e8ccd6024d25ddf1845d77649f9171a8},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcy010},
issn = {10958290},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Annals of botany},
volume = {122},
number = {5},
pages = {711-723},
publisher = {NLM (Medline)},
abstract = {Background: Roots are continuously exposed to mechanical pressure and this often results in their morphological modification. Most obvious are changes in the overall form of the root system as well as in the shapes of particular roots. These changes are often accompanied by modifications of the cell pattern and cell morphology. Scope: This review focuses on the morphological responses of roots to mechanical stress. Results of early and recent experiments in which roots have been exposed to mechanical pressure are assembled, analysed and discussed. Research applying different experimental sets, obstacles, media of various compactness and structure are reviewed. An effect of the combination of mechanical stresses with other abiotic stresses on roots, and results of estimating the force exerted by the roots are briefly discussed. Possible consequences of the cell pattern rearrangements are considered. Conclusions: Several modifications in root morphology are commonly reported: (1) decreased root size, (2) radial swelling accompanied by increased radial dimension of the cortex cell layers and (3) enhanced cap cell sloughing. Nevertheless, because of differences between species and individual plants, a universal scenario for root morphological changes resulting from externally applied pressures is not possible. Thus, knowledge of the root response to mechanical impedance remains incomplete. Studies on the mechanical properties of the root as well as on possible modifications in cell wall structure and composition as the elements responsible for the mechanical properties of the plant tissue are required to understand the response of root tissue as a biomaterial.},
note = {48},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Roots are continuously exposed to mechanical pressure and this often results in their morphological modification. Most obvious are changes in the overall form of the root system as well as in the shapes of particular roots. These changes are often accompanied by modifications of the cell pattern and cell morphology. Scope: This review focuses on the morphological responses of roots to mechanical stress. Results of early and recent experiments in which roots have been exposed to mechanical pressure are assembled, analysed and discussed. Research applying different experimental sets, obstacles, media of various compactness and structure are reviewed. An effect of the combination of mechanical stresses with other abiotic stresses on roots, and results of estimating the force exerted by the roots are briefly discussed. Possible consequences of the cell pattern rearrangements are considered. Conclusions: Several modifications in root morphology are commonly reported: (1) decreased root size, (2) radial swelling accompanied by increased radial dimension of the cortex cell layers and (3) enhanced cap cell sloughing. Nevertheless, because of differences between species and individual plants, a universal scenario for root morphological changes resulting from externally applied pressures is not possible. Thus, knowledge of the root response to mechanical impedance remains incomplete. Studies on the mechanical properties of the root as well as on possible modifications in cell wall structure and composition as the elements responsible for the mechanical properties of the plant tissue are required to understand the response of root tissue as a biomaterial.
Navrotska, D.; Andreev, I.; Betekhtin, A.; Rojek-Jelonek, M.; Parnikoza, I.; Myryuta, G.; Poronnik, O.; Miryuta, N.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Grakhov, V.; Ivannikov, R.; Hasterok, R.; Kunakh, V.
In: Polish Polar Research, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 525-548, 2018, ISSN: 01380338, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85058241904,
title = {Assessment of the molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical parameters of Deschampsia Antarctica from its southern range limit in maritime Antarctic},
author = { D. Navrotska and I. Andreev and A. Betekhtin and M. Rojek-Jelonek and I. Parnikoza and G. Myryuta and O. Poronnik and N. Miryuta and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and V. Grakhov and R. Ivannikov and R. Hasterok and V. Kunakh},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058241904&doi=10.24425%2f118759&partnerID=40&md5=4c9a8d4e1bb3c73145abf3503963325d},
doi = {10.24425/118759},
issn = {01380338},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Polish Polar Research},
volume = {39},
number = {4},
pages = {525-548},
publisher = {Polish Academy of Sciences},
abstract = {Different chromosomal forms of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae), including diploids (2n=26), hypotriploid (2n=36-38) and a genotype with an occasional occurrence of B chromosome (2n=261B) that originated from southern marginal populations (Argentine Islands region; maritime Antarctic) were studied using molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical methods. FISH analysis revealed variations in the number of rDNA sites between the diploid and hypotriploid plants. The genome size varied among plants with a different chromosome number and was on average 10.88 pg/2C for diploids and 16.46 pg/2C for hypotriploid. The mean values of leaf length of plants grown in vitro varied within a range of 5.23-9.56 cm. The total phenolic content ranged from 51.10 to 105.40 mg/g, and the total flavonoid content ranged from 1.22 to 4.67 mg/g. The amount of phenolic compounds did not differ significantly between the genotypes, while a variation in the flavonoid content was observed for L59 and DAR12. The diploids did not differ significantly among each other in terms of the number of rDNA loci, but differed slightly in their genome size. The individuals of DAR12 carrying B chromosome were similar to other diploids in terms of their genome size, but statistically differed in leaf length. The hypotriploid had both a greater number of rDNA sites and a larger genome size. No statistical correlations were observed between the genome size and leaf length or genome size and accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The results of this study suggest that D. antarctica plants from the southern edge of the range are characterised by the heterogeneity of the studied parameters. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH.All right reserved.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Different chromosomal forms of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae), including diploids (2n=26), hypotriploid (2n=36-38) and a genotype with an occasional occurrence of B chromosome (2n=261B) that originated from southern marginal populations (Argentine Islands region; maritime Antarctic) were studied using molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical methods. FISH analysis revealed variations in the number of rDNA sites between the diploid and hypotriploid plants. The genome size varied among plants with a different chromosome number and was on average 10.88 pg/2C for diploids and 16.46 pg/2C for hypotriploid. The mean values of leaf length of plants grown in vitro varied within a range of 5.23-9.56 cm. The total phenolic content ranged from 51.10 to 105.40 mg/g, and the total flavonoid content ranged from 1.22 to 4.67 mg/g. The amount of phenolic compounds did not differ significantly between the genotypes, while a variation in the flavonoid content was observed for L59 and DAR12. The diploids did not differ significantly among each other in terms of the number of rDNA loci, but differed slightly in their genome size. The individuals of DAR12 carrying B chromosome were similar to other diploids in terms of their genome size, but statistically differed in leaf length. The hypotriploid had both a greater number of rDNA sites and a larger genome size. No statistical correlations were observed between the genome size and leaf length or genome size and accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The results of this study suggest that D. antarctica plants from the southern edge of the range are characterised by the heterogeneity of the studied parameters. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH.All right reserved.
2016
Palowski, B. F.; Małkowska, E.; Kurtyka, R.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Gucwa-Przepióra, E.; Małkowski, Ł.; Woźnica, A.; Małkowski, E.
In: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 2085-2096, 2016, ISSN: 12301485, (4).
@article{2-s2.0-84992695558,
title = {Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in selected organs of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and their potential use as air contamination bioindicators},
author = { B.F. Palowski and E. Małkowska and R. Kurtyka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and E. Gucwa-Przepióra and Ł. Małkowski and A. Woźnica and E. Małkowski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992695558&doi=10.15244%2fpjoes%2f62641&partnerID=40&md5=3b5d4f2962a2474fd71235d35cb20d61},
doi = {10.15244/pjoes/62641},
issn = {12301485},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},
volume = {25},
number = {5},
pages = {2085-2096},
publisher = {HARD Publishing Company},
abstract = {We analyzed concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in bark, leaves, young shoots, pericarp, and seeds of Robinia pseudoacacia from several sites (three industrial cities and two rural villages) in southern Poland. The objective of the study was to determine the possible usefulness of various organs and tissues of this species for biomonitoring. The analyses showed that bark and leaves are organs that may serve as good bioindicators. The lowest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were found in one of the industrial cities in the area. On the other hand, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were similar in the rural areas when compared to the concentrations observed in the cities. The high level of metal contamination of air in rural areas may be a result of the long-range transport of emissions. Also, the use of bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia enables us to estimate the level of contamination by Fe and Cu of areas in the vicinity of railway tracks. On the basis of the data presented in this paper and the data from references, a conclusion can be drawn that the bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia are good bioindicators of metal contamination of air in towns and cities with different traffic intensities and within the surroundings of industrial plants and railway tracks. R. pseudoacacia was also used for the first time to assess the long-range transport of emissions. © 2016, HARD Publishing Company. All rights reserved.},
note = {4},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We analyzed concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in bark, leaves, young shoots, pericarp, and seeds of Robinia pseudoacacia from several sites (three industrial cities and two rural villages) in southern Poland. The objective of the study was to determine the possible usefulness of various organs and tissues of this species for biomonitoring. The analyses showed that bark and leaves are organs that may serve as good bioindicators. The lowest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were found in one of the industrial cities in the area. On the other hand, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were similar in the rural areas when compared to the concentrations observed in the cities. The high level of metal contamination of air in rural areas may be a result of the long-range transport of emissions. Also, the use of bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia enables us to estimate the level of contamination by Fe and Cu of areas in the vicinity of railway tracks. On the basis of the data presented in this paper and the data from references, a conclusion can be drawn that the bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia are good bioindicators of metal contamination of air in towns and cities with different traffic intensities and within the surroundings of industrial plants and railway tracks. R. pseudoacacia was also used for the first time to assess the long-range transport of emissions. © 2016, HARD Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
2014
Brąszewska-Zalewska, A. J.; Tylikowska, M.; Kwaśniewska, J.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Epigenetic chromatin modifications in barley after mutagenic treatment Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Genetics, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 449-456, 2014, ISSN: 12341983, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-84927171771,
title = {Epigenetic chromatin modifications in barley after mutagenic treatment},
author = { A.J. Brąszewska-Zalewska and M. Tylikowska and J. Kwaśniewska and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84927171771&doi=10.1007%2fs13353-014-0226-9&partnerID=40&md5=daed2705cdd37a3b44710696de5374b9},
doi = {10.1007/s13353-014-0226-9},
issn = {12341983},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},
volume = {55},
number = {4},
pages = {449-456},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
abstract = {In addition to their normal developmental processes, plants have evolved complex genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms to cope with various environmental stresses. It has been shown that both DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in DNA damage response to various types of stresses. In this study, we focused on the involvement of two mutagenic agents, chemical (maleic acid hydrazide; MH) and physical (gamma rays), on the global epigenetic modifications of chromatin in barley. Our results indicate that both mutagens strongly influence the level of histone methylation and acetylation. Moreover, we found that gamma irradiation, in contrast to MH, has a more robust influence on the DNA methylation level. This is the first study that brings together mutagenic treatment along with its impact at the level of epigenetic modifications examined using the immunohistochemical method. © The Author(s) 2014},
note = {7},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In addition to their normal developmental processes, plants have evolved complex genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms to cope with various environmental stresses. It has been shown that both DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in DNA damage response to various types of stresses. In this study, we focused on the involvement of two mutagenic agents, chemical (maleic acid hydrazide; MH) and physical (gamma rays), on the global epigenetic modifications of chromatin in barley. Our results indicate that both mutagens strongly influence the level of histone methylation and acetylation. Moreover, we found that gamma irradiation, in contrast to MH, has a more robust influence on the DNA methylation level. This is the first study that brings together mutagenic treatment along with its impact at the level of epigenetic modifications examined using the immunohistochemical method. © The Author(s) 2014
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Lipowczan, M.
Growth rate distribution in the forming lateral root of arabidopsis Journal Article
In: Annals of Botany, vol. 114, no. 5, pp. 913-921, 2014, ISSN: 03057364, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-84922914838,
title = {Growth rate distribution in the forming lateral root of arabidopsis},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka and M. Lipowczan},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84922914838&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcu159&partnerID=40&md5=d1c8e9d94dd4e29da8d2827146aea7cc},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcu159},
issn = {03057364},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Annals of Botany},
volume = {114},
number = {5},
pages = {913-921},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
abstract = {Background and Aims: Microscopic observations of lateral roots (LRs) in Arabidopsis thaliana reveal that the cross-sectional shape of the organ changes from its basal to its apical region. The founder cells for LRs are elongated along the parent root axis, and thus from the site of initiation the base of LRs resemble an ellipse. The circumference of the apical part of LRs is usually a circle. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of changes in the growth field of LRs possessing various shapes in their basal regions. Methods: The LRs of the wild type (Col-0) and two transgenic arabidopsis lines were analysed. On the basis of measurements of the long and short diameters (DL and DS; respectively) of the ellipse-like figure representing the bases of particular LRs, their asymmetry ratios (DL/DS) were determined. Possible differences between accessions were analysed by applying statistical methods. Key Results: No significant differences between accessions were detected. Comparisons were therefore made of the maximal, minimal and mean value of the ratio of all the LRs analysed. Taking into consideration the lack of circular symmetry of the basal part, rates of growth were determined at selected points on the surface of LRs by the application of the growth tensor method, a mathematical tool previously applied only to describe organs with rotational symmetry. Maps showing the distribution of growth rates were developed for surfaces of LRs of various asymmetry ratios. Conclusions: The maps of growth rates on the surfaces of LRs having various shapes of the basal part show differences in both the geometry and the manner of growth, thus indicating that the manner of growth of the LR primordium is correlated to its shape. This is the first report of a description of growth of an asymmetric plant organ using the growth tensor method. The mathematical modelling adopted in the study provides new insights into plant organ formation and shape. © The Author 2014.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background and Aims: Microscopic observations of lateral roots (LRs) in Arabidopsis thaliana reveal that the cross-sectional shape of the organ changes from its basal to its apical region. The founder cells for LRs are elongated along the parent root axis, and thus from the site of initiation the base of LRs resemble an ellipse. The circumference of the apical part of LRs is usually a circle. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of changes in the growth field of LRs possessing various shapes in their basal regions. Methods: The LRs of the wild type (Col-0) and two transgenic arabidopsis lines were analysed. On the basis of measurements of the long and short diameters (DL and DS; respectively) of the ellipse-like figure representing the bases of particular LRs, their asymmetry ratios (DL/DS) were determined. Possible differences between accessions were analysed by applying statistical methods. Key Results: No significant differences between accessions were detected. Comparisons were therefore made of the maximal, minimal and mean value of the ratio of all the LRs analysed. Taking into consideration the lack of circular symmetry of the basal part, rates of growth were determined at selected points on the surface of LRs by the application of the growth tensor method, a mathematical tool previously applied only to describe organs with rotational symmetry. Maps showing the distribution of growth rates were developed for surfaces of LRs of various asymmetry ratios. Conclusions: The maps of growth rates on the surfaces of LRs having various shapes of the basal part show differences in both the geometry and the manner of growth, thus indicating that the manner of growth of the LR primordium is correlated to its shape. This is the first report of a description of growth of an asymmetric plant organ using the growth tensor method. The mathematical modelling adopted in the study provides new insights into plant organ formation and shape. © The Author 2014.
Biaek, J.; Potocka, I. W.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Various scenarios of the cell pattern formation in Arabidopsis lateral root Journal Article
In: Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, vol. 83, no. 1, pp. 85-89, 2014, ISSN: 00016977, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-84898724460,
title = {Various scenarios of the cell pattern formation in Arabidopsis lateral root},
author = { J. Biaek and I.W. Potocka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84898724460&doi=10.5586%2fasbp.2014.005&partnerID=40&md5=abbd5af783455561364281d3cc5f2a49},
doi = {10.5586/asbp.2014.005},
issn = {00016977},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},
volume = {83},
number = {1},
pages = {85-89},
publisher = {Polish Botanical Society},
abstract = {During lateral root (LR) development a coordinate sequence of cell divisions, accompanied by a change of the organ form takes place. Both the order of anatomical events and morphological features may vary for individual primordia. At early stages of LR primordia development oblique division walls are inserted in cells that are symmetrically located on both sides of the axis of the developing LR primordium, and thereby allow for the protrusion of the LR. We hypothesize that both oblique cell wall insertion and continuous changes in primordium form could be a consequence of a local change in stress distribution in the region of the LR initiation. © 2014 The Author(s).},
note = {2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
During lateral root (LR) development a coordinate sequence of cell divisions, accompanied by a change of the organ form takes place. Both the order of anatomical events and morphological features may vary for individual primordia. At early stages of LR primordia development oblique division walls are inserted in cells that are symmetrically located on both sides of the axis of the developing LR primordium, and thereby allow for the protrusion of the LR. We hypothesize that both oblique cell wall insertion and continuous changes in primordium form could be a consequence of a local change in stress distribution in the region of the LR initiation. © 2014 The Author(s).
2013
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Form matters: Morphological aspects of lateral root development Journal Article
In: Annals of Botany, vol. 112, no. 9, pp. 1643-1654, 2013, ISSN: 03057364, (13).
@article{2-s2.0-84889765723,
title = {Form matters: Morphological aspects of lateral root development},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84889765723&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmct231&partnerID=40&md5=d83be14335ff8ecdeeafa169867c58fe},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mct231},
issn = {03057364},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Annals of Botany},
volume = {112},
number = {9},
pages = {1643-1654},
abstract = {Background The crucial role of roots in plant nutrition, and consequentlyBackground The crucial role of roots in plant nutrition, and consequently in plant productivity, is a strong motivation to study the growth and functioning of various aspects of the root system. Numerous studies on lateral roots, as a major determinant of the root system architecture, mostly focus on the physiological and molecular bases of developmental processes. Unfortunately, little attention is paid either to the morphological changes accompanying the formation of a lateral root or to morphological defects occurring in lateral root primordia. The latter are observed in some mutants and occasionally in wild-type plants, but may also result from application of external factors. Scope and Conclusions In this review various morphological aspects of lateral branching in roots are analysed. Morphological events occurring during the formation of a typical lateral root are described. This process involves dramatic changes in the geometry of the developing organ that at early stages are associated with oblique cell divisions, leading to breaking of the symmetryof the cell pattern. Several types of defects in the morphology of primordia are indicated and described. Computer simulations show that some of these defects may result from an unstable field of growth rates. Significant changes in both primaryand lateral root morphologymayalso be aconsequence of various mutations, some of which are auxin-related. Examples reported in the literature are considered. Finally, lateral root formation is discussed in terms of mechanics. In this approach the primordium is considered as a physical object undergoing deformation and is characterized by specific mechanical properties. © The Author 2013.},
note = {13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background The crucial role of roots in plant nutrition, and consequentlyBackground The crucial role of roots in plant nutrition, and consequently in plant productivity, is a strong motivation to study the growth and functioning of various aspects of the root system. Numerous studies on lateral roots, as a major determinant of the root system architecture, mostly focus on the physiological and molecular bases of developmental processes. Unfortunately, little attention is paid either to the morphological changes accompanying the formation of a lateral root or to morphological defects occurring in lateral root primordia. The latter are observed in some mutants and occasionally in wild-type plants, but may also result from application of external factors. Scope and Conclusions In this review various morphological aspects of lateral branching in roots are analysed. Morphological events occurring during the formation of a typical lateral root are described. This process involves dramatic changes in the geometry of the developing organ that at early stages are associated with oblique cell divisions, leading to breaking of the symmetryof the cell pattern. Several types of defects in the morphology of primordia are indicated and described. Computer simulations show that some of these defects may result from an unstable field of growth rates. Significant changes in both primaryand lateral root morphologymayalso be aconsequence of various mutations, some of which are auxin-related. Examples reported in the literature are considered. Finally, lateral root formation is discussed in terms of mechanics. In this approach the primordium is considered as a physical object undergoing deformation and is characterized by specific mechanical properties. © The Author 2013.
2012
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Potocka, I. W.; Karczewski, J.; Jiang, K.; Nakielski, J.; Feldman, L. J.
Principal growth directions in development of the lateral root in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal Article
In: Annals of botany, vol. 110, no. 2, pp. 491-501, 2012, ISSN: 10958290, (9).
@article{2-s2.0-84871907416,
title = {Principal growth directions in development of the lateral root in Arabidopsis thaliana.},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka and I.W. Potocka and J. Karczewski and K. Jiang and J. Nakielski and L.J. Feldman},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871907416&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcs129&partnerID=40&md5=0fe95581b577a117c3987f3991ab8a9e},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcs129},
issn = {10958290},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Annals of botany},
volume = {110},
number = {2},
pages = {491-501},
abstract = {During lateral root development a new meristem is formed within the mother root body. The main objective of this work was to simulate lateral root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana and to study a potential role of the principal directions in this process. Lateral root growth is anisotropic, so that three principal directions of growth can be distinguished within the organ. This suggests a tensorial character of growth and allows for its description by means of the growth tensor method. First features of the cell pattern of developing lateral roots were analysed in A. thaliana and then a tensorial model for growth and division of cells for this case was specified, assuming an unsteady character of the growth field of the organ. Microscopic observations provide evidence that the principal directions of growth are manifested at various developmental stages by oblique cell walls observed in different regions of the primordium. Other significant features observed are atypically shaped large cells at the flanks of young apices, as well as distinct boundaries between the mother root and the primordium. Simulations were performed using a model for growth. In computer-generated sequences the above-mentioned features could be identified. An attempt was made to reconstruct the virtual lateral root that included a consideration of the formation of particular tissue types based on literature data. In the cell pattern of the developing lateral root the principal directions of growth can be recognized through occurrence of oblique cell divisions. In simulation the role of these directions in cell pattern formation was confirmed, only when cells divide with respect to the principal directions can realistic results be obtained.},
note = {9},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
During lateral root development a new meristem is formed within the mother root body. The main objective of this work was to simulate lateral root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana and to study a potential role of the principal directions in this process. Lateral root growth is anisotropic, so that three principal directions of growth can be distinguished within the organ. This suggests a tensorial character of growth and allows for its description by means of the growth tensor method. First features of the cell pattern of developing lateral roots were analysed in A. thaliana and then a tensorial model for growth and division of cells for this case was specified, assuming an unsteady character of the growth field of the organ. Microscopic observations provide evidence that the principal directions of growth are manifested at various developmental stages by oblique cell walls observed in different regions of the primordium. Other significant features observed are atypically shaped large cells at the flanks of young apices, as well as distinct boundaries between the mother root and the primordium. Simulations were performed using a model for growth. In computer-generated sequences the above-mentioned features could be identified. An attempt was made to reconstruct the virtual lateral root that included a consideration of the formation of particular tissue types based on literature data. In the cell pattern of the developing lateral root the principal directions of growth can be recognized through occurrence of oblique cell divisions. In simulation the role of these directions in cell pattern formation was confirmed, only when cells divide with respect to the principal directions can realistic results be obtained.
Kolano, B. A.; Siwińska, D.; Gómez-Pando, L. R.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Małuszyńska, J.
Genome size variation in Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae) Journal Article
In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, vol. 298, no. 1, pp. 251-255, 2012, ISSN: 03782697, (18).
@article{2-s2.0-84855299568,
title = {Genome size variation in Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae)},
author = { B.A. Kolano and D. Siwińska and L.R. Gómez-Pando and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and J. Małuszyńska},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84855299568&doi=10.1007%2fs00606-011-0534-z&partnerID=40&md5=e6c5bbd0876a371b2668bdae269a533d},
doi = {10.1007/s00606-011-0534-z},
issn = {03782697},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},
volume = {298},
number = {1},
pages = {251-255},
abstract = {The extent and significance of intraspecific genome size variation were analysed in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a pseudocereal important for human consumption in the Andean region of South America. Flow cytometry, with propidium iodide as the DNA stain, was used to estimate the genome size of 20 quinoa accessions from Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile and the USA. Limited genome size variation was found among the analysed accessions. The differences between the accessions were statistically significant but the maximum inter-accession difference between the populations with the largest and the smallest genome reached only 5.9%. The largest genome was found in population C4 from Chile (mean 3.077 pg/2C) and the smallest in the Peruvian population P2 (mean 2.905 pg/2C). The variation was not correlated with collection site; however, the quinoa accessions analysed in this study belonged to three distinct geographical groups: northern highland, southern highland and lowland. © 2011 The Author(s).},
note = {18},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The extent and significance of intraspecific genome size variation were analysed in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a pseudocereal important for human consumption in the Andean region of South America. Flow cytometry, with propidium iodide as the DNA stain, was used to estimate the genome size of 20 quinoa accessions from Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile and the USA. Limited genome size variation was found among the analysed accessions. The differences between the accessions were statistically significant but the maximum inter-accession difference between the populations with the largest and the smallest genome reached only 5.9%. The largest genome was found in population C4 from Chile (mean 3.077 pg/2C) and the smallest in the Peruvian population P2 (mean 2.905 pg/2C). The variation was not correlated with collection site; however, the quinoa accessions analysed in this study belonged to three distinct geographical groups: northern highland, southern highland and lowland. © 2011 The Author(s).
2011
Potocka, I. W.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Karczewski, J.; Nakielski, J.
Effect of mechanical stress on Zea root apex. I. Mechanical stress leads to the switch from closed to open meristem organization Journal Article
In: Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. 62, no. 13, pp. 4583-4593, 2011, ISSN: 00220957, (20).
@article{2-s2.0-80052879600,
title = {Effect of mechanical stress on Zea root apex. I. Mechanical stress leads to the switch from closed to open meristem organization},
author = { I.W. Potocka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and J. Karczewski and J. Nakielski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052879600&doi=10.1093%2fjxb%2ferr169&partnerID=40&md5=ecf6f060f969f27f7c0019b225fc1597},
doi = {10.1093/jxb/err169},
issn = {00220957},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
volume = {62},
number = {13},
pages = {4583-4593},
abstract = {The effect of mechanical stress on the root apical meristem (RAM) organization of Zea mays was investigated. In the experiment performed, root apices were grown through a narrowing of either circular (variant I) or elliptical (variant II) shape. This caused a mechanical impedance distributed circumferentially or from the opposite sides in variant I and II, respectively. The maximal force exerted by the growing root in response to the impedance reached the value of 0.15 N for variant I and 0.08 N for variant II. Significant morphological and anatomical changes were observed. The changes in morphology depended on the variant and concerned diminishing and/or deformation of the cross-section of the root apex, and buckling and swelling of the root. Anatomical changes, similar in both variants, concerned transformation of the meristem from closed to open, an increase in the number of the cell layers at the pole of the root proper, and atypical oblique divisions of the root cap cells. After leaving the narrowing, a return to both typical cellular organization and morphology of the apex was observed. The results are discussed in terms of three aspects: the morphological response, the RAM reorganization, and mechanical factors. Assuming that the orientation of division walls is affected by directional cues of a tensor nature, the changes mentioned may indicate that a pattern of such cues is modified when the root apex passes through the narrowing, but its primary mode is finally restored. © 2011 The Author(s).},
note = {20},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The effect of mechanical stress on the root apical meristem (RAM) organization of Zea mays was investigated. In the experiment performed, root apices were grown through a narrowing of either circular (variant I) or elliptical (variant II) shape. This caused a mechanical impedance distributed circumferentially or from the opposite sides in variant I and II, respectively. The maximal force exerted by the growing root in response to the impedance reached the value of 0.15 N for variant I and 0.08 N for variant II. Significant morphological and anatomical changes were observed. The changes in morphology depended on the variant and concerned diminishing and/or deformation of the cross-section of the root apex, and buckling and swelling of the root. Anatomical changes, similar in both variants, concerned transformation of the meristem from closed to open, an increase in the number of the cell layers at the pole of the root proper, and atypical oblique divisions of the root cap cells. After leaving the narrowing, a return to both typical cellular organization and morphology of the apex was observed. The results are discussed in terms of three aspects: the morphological response, the RAM reorganization, and mechanical factors. Assuming that the orientation of division walls is affected by directional cues of a tensor nature, the changes mentioned may indicate that a pattern of such cues is modified when the root apex passes through the narrowing, but its primary mode is finally restored. © 2011 The Author(s).
2010
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Nakielski, J.
The tensor-based model for growth and cell divisions of the root apex. II. Lateral root formation Journal Article
In: Planta, vol. 232, no. 5, pp. 1207-1218, 2010, ISSN: 00320935, (18).
@article{2-s2.0-77956711105,
title = {The tensor-based model for growth and cell divisions of the root apex. II. Lateral root formation},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka and J. Nakielski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77956711105&doi=10.1007%2fs00425-010-1239-1&partnerID=40&md5=3e307469ffe8a12bb2a8b8bae5f43545},
doi = {10.1007/s00425-010-1239-1},
issn = {00320935},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Planta},
volume = {232},
number = {5},
pages = {1207-1218},
abstract = {In this work, the formation of the virtual lateral root (VLR) is shown. The VLR is formed using the 2D simulation model of growth and cell divisions based on the concept of growth tensor, specified for radish. Growth is generated by the field of growth rates of an unsteady type (GT field). Principal directions of growth (PDGs) are assumed to define the orientation of cell divisions. Temporal sequences of the VLR formation are a result of an application of the GT field to the polygon meshwork representing cell pattern of already initiated primordium. The computer-generated lateral root (LR) develops realistically, and its cell pattern is vivid and similar to that observed in anatomical sections. The real and virtual LRs show similar cellular organization, both originate from a small group of cells situated in two-cell layers of the pericycle and both layers are engaged in the LR development. The LR formation seems to be controlled at the tensor level and individual cells presumably detect PDGs and obey them in the course of the cell divisions. PDGs are postulated to affect the cellular organization of the LR. Using the method of computer simulations, cellular aspects of the LR morphogenesis are discussed. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.},
note = {18},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this work, the formation of the virtual lateral root (VLR) is shown. The VLR is formed using the 2D simulation model of growth and cell divisions based on the concept of growth tensor, specified for radish. Growth is generated by the field of growth rates of an unsteady type (GT field). Principal directions of growth (PDGs) are assumed to define the orientation of cell divisions. Temporal sequences of the VLR formation are a result of an application of the GT field to the polygon meshwork representing cell pattern of already initiated primordium. The computer-generated lateral root (LR) develops realistically, and its cell pattern is vivid and similar to that observed in anatomical sections. The real and virtual LRs show similar cellular organization, both originate from a small group of cells situated in two-cell layers of the pericycle and both layers are engaged in the LR development. The LR formation seems to be controlled at the tensor level and individual cells presumably detect PDGs and obey them in the course of the cell divisions. PDGs are postulated to affect the cellular organization of the LR. Using the method of computer simulations, cellular aspects of the LR morphogenesis are discussed. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.
2007
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Application of a changing field of growth rates to a description of root apex formation Journal Article
In: Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 247, no. 4, pp. 650-656, 2007, ISSN: 00225193, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-34447550233,
title = {Application of a changing field of growth rates to a description of root apex formation},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34447550233&doi=10.1016%2fj.jtbi.2007.04.009&partnerID=40&md5=efde840efee2041560750000a5faf4da},
doi = {10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.04.009},
issn = {00225193},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
volume = {247},
number = {4},
pages = {650-656},
abstract = {Based on the growth tensor method an unsteady field of growth rates for developing root apex is presented. Maps of growth rates distribution as well as simulations in which the field was applied to initially uniform grid of points are presented. In the simulations, the grid undergoes deformation that resembles new root formation in its axial plane. Four variants of field operation on the grid are shown. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
note = {7},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Based on the growth tensor method an unsteady field of growth rates for developing root apex is presented. Maps of growth rates distribution as well as simulations in which the field was applied to initially uniform grid of points are presented. In the simulations, the grid undergoes deformation that resembles new root formation in its axial plane. Four variants of field operation on the grid are shown. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
2006
Jura, J.; Kojs, P.; Iqbal, M.; Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Włoch, W.
Apical intrusive growth of cambial fusiform initials along the tangential walls of adjacent fusiform initials: Evidence for a new concept Journal Article
In: Australian Journal of Botany, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 493-504, 2006, ISSN: 00671924, (19).
@article{2-s2.0-33746889854,
title = {Apical intrusive growth of cambial fusiform initials along the tangential walls of adjacent fusiform initials: Evidence for a new concept},
author = { J. Jura and P. Kojs and M. Iqbal and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and W. Włoch},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33746889854&doi=10.1071%2fBT05130&partnerID=40&md5=a63a444dd567cc6a579c0d87159b97af},
doi = {10.1071/BT05130},
issn = {00671924},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-01-01},
journal = {Australian Journal of Botany},
volume = {54},
number = {5},
pages = {493-504},
abstract = {A new study of cambium of Pinus sylvestris L., Tilia cordata Mill. and Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC provides fresh clues on the cambial dynamics, rejecting the hitherto held concept that intrusive growth of the fusiform initial occurs between the radial walls of adjacent initials. It demonstrates that intrusion of the elongating initial in fact takes place along tangential walls of adjacent fusiform initials and their immediate derivatives. It also suggests a new mechanism for 'elimination of initials'. Intrusive growth of the fusiform initial was found to begin with development of characteristic slants, representing a transitional stage of the process of transformation of periclinal walls of fusiform initial cells into radial walls, as observed in transverse sections of active cambium. The gradually progressing event comprised (a) appearance of either a triangular microspace limited by two periclinal walls of a fusiform initial and its derivative and one radial wall of another fusiform initial in the adjacent radial file, or a rhomboidal microspace enclosed by four periclinal walls of two laterally adjacent fusiform initials and their immediate derivatives, (b) intrusion of elongating tip of fusiform initial from neighbouring file into the microspace thus formed, (c) symplastic growth of the cambial cell walls in radial direction, (d) unequal periclinal divisions of fusiform initial cells while growing intrusively, and (e) unequal periclinal divisions of derivative cells not growing intrusively. Intrusive growth between periclinal walls affected rearrangement of the fusiform initials but did not add to the cambial circumference. The existing concepts of (a) intrusion of the fusiform initial between radial walls of neighbouring initials and (b) elimination of fusiform initials from cambial surface have been reassessed and redefined. © CSIRO 2006.},
note = {19},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A new study of cambium of Pinus sylvestris L., Tilia cordata Mill. and Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC provides fresh clues on the cambial dynamics, rejecting the hitherto held concept that intrusive growth of the fusiform initial occurs between the radial walls of adjacent initials. It demonstrates that intrusion of the elongating initial in fact takes place along tangential walls of adjacent fusiform initials and their immediate derivatives. It also suggests a new mechanism for 'elimination of initials'. Intrusive growth of the fusiform initial was found to begin with development of characteristic slants, representing a transitional stage of the process of transformation of periclinal walls of fusiform initial cells into radial walls, as observed in transverse sections of active cambium. The gradually progressing event comprised (a) appearance of either a triangular microspace limited by two periclinal walls of a fusiform initial and its derivative and one radial wall of another fusiform initial in the adjacent radial file, or a rhomboidal microspace enclosed by four periclinal walls of two laterally adjacent fusiform initials and their immediate derivatives, (b) intrusion of elongating tip of fusiform initial from neighbouring file into the microspace thus formed, (c) symplastic growth of the cambial cell walls in radial direction, (d) unequal periclinal divisions of fusiform initial cells while growing intrusively, and (e) unequal periclinal divisions of derivative cells not growing intrusively. Intrusive growth between periclinal walls affected rearrangement of the fusiform initials but did not add to the cambial circumference. The existing concepts of (a) intrusion of the fusiform initial between radial walls of neighbouring initials and (b) elimination of fusiform initials from cambial surface have been reassessed and redefined. © CSIRO 2006.
1997
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.; Włoch, W.
The Diagram for Phyllotactic Series Journal Article
In: Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 117-124, 1997, ISSN: 00016977.
@article{2-s2.0-0347307576,
title = {The Diagram for Phyllotactic Series},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka and W. Włoch},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347307576&partnerID=40&md5=7cc5b3bc78c012ef5a7b1eb5ef4ac405},
issn = {00016977},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-01-01},
journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},
volume = {66},
number = {2},
pages = {117-124},
publisher = {Polish Botanical Society},
abstract = {Many authors studying phyllotaxis in various plant species have reported the occurrence of many different numbers of contact parastichy pairs that are members of different Fibonacci-like series. On the basis of these reports a diagram was constructed in which any theoretically possible series was represented by the two first members of a given series.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Many authors studying phyllotaxis in various plant species have reported the occurrence of many different numbers of contact parastichy pairs that are members of different Fibonacci-like series. On the basis of these reports a diagram was constructed in which any theoretically possible series was represented by the two first members of a given series.
1994
Szymanowska-Pułka, J.
Phyllotactic patterns in capitula of carlina acaulis L. Journal Article
In: Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, vol. 63, no. 3-4, pp. 229-245, 1994, ISSN: 00016977, (12).
@article{2-s2.0-84988515723,
title = {Phyllotactic patterns in capitula of carlina acaulis L.},
author = { J. Szymanowska-Pułka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84988515723&doi=10.5586%2fasbp.1994.031&partnerID=40&md5=bd3e3b853983cd2119191d9ef96860fd},
doi = {10.5586/asbp.1994.031},
issn = {00016977},
year = {1994},
date = {1994-01-01},
journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},
volume = {63},
number = {3-4},
pages = {229-245},
publisher = {Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne},
abstract = {Phyllotaxis of inflorescences in Carlina acaulis L. is spiral. In the majority of capitula it is represented by the main Fibonacci series. From the one thousand of specimens, that were examined, thirty five new phyllotactic series were found: eighteen monojugies, for instance (2,17), (4,11), (7,37) and seventeen multijugies, such as 2(8,9), 2(5,11), 8(2,3). The patterns had been identified on the basic of two or more consecutive numbers of phyllotactic series. Both, the continuous and discontinous transformations of phyllotactic patterns, as well as 'deviations' from the parastichy group numbers were observed. The deviations were distinguished as the probable cases of the discontinuous transformations in which the sectorial change in the parastichy number occured, but the ultimate phyllotactic series could not be determined.},
note = {12},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Phyllotaxis of inflorescences in Carlina acaulis L. is spiral. In the majority of capitula it is represented by the main Fibonacci series. From the one thousand of specimens, that were examined, thirty five new phyllotactic series were found: eighteen monojugies, for instance (2,17), (4,11), (7,37) and seventeen multijugies, such as 2(8,9), 2(5,11), 8(2,3). The patterns had been identified on the basic of two or more consecutive numbers of phyllotactic series. Both, the continuous and discontinous transformations of phyllotactic patterns, as well as 'deviations' from the parastichy group numbers were observed. The deviations were distinguished as the probable cases of the discontinuous transformations in which the sectorial change in the parastichy number occured, but the ultimate phyllotactic series could not be determined.