@article{2-s2.0-85205671495,

title = {The Jerusalem pilgrimage road in the second temple period: an anthropological and archaeological perspective},

author = { O.Y. Abadi and B. Szypuła and M. Marciak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85205671495&doi=10.1007%2fs12520-024-02079-1&partnerID=40&md5=04949e3f7ff0ac1ce97fc626cac826f7},

doi = {10.1007/s12520-024-02079-1},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences},

volume = {16},

number = {10},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {The pilgrimage to the Second Temple included ceremonial elements of strong spiritual significance that elevated the participants to spiritual exaltation. This ceremonial process began with the first steps pilgrims took from their homes towards Jerusalem and concluded when they reached the Temple. This article presents the ceremonial element of the pilgrimage in light of archaeological and anthropological research, integrated with historical sources and with reference to the topography of Jerusalem and its surroundings (including the use of geographic information systems). These tools are used to retrace the path that pilgrims walked and present what the pilgrimage meant for them. The article also investigates whether the physical act of walking can shape the pilgrimage experience and, if so, how this occurs. It is also argued that the main approach to the Temple Mount for Jewish pilgrims led from the south (via the Kidron and Hinnom valleys), and that the construction of this route was designed with geophysical and architectural details meant to enhance the spiritual experience of the pilgrims. © The Author(s) 2024.},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85191697382,

title = {Environmental and Land-Use Changes as a Consequence of Land Reform in the Urej River Catchment (Western Tajikistan)},

author = { O. Rahmonov and B. Szypuła and M. Sobala and Z.B. Islamova},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85191697382&doi=10.3390%2fresources13040059&partnerID=40&md5=4cd13ab5d612075a341b63d478ed8313},

doi = {10.3390/resources13040059},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Resources},

volume = {13},

number = {4},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Mountain societies are strongly linked to natural resources and their rational management. The growing population has led to the management of mountain areas according to emerging human needs. The study was conducted in the Urej River catchment (The Fann Mountains; Tajikistan). This paper aims to present changes in land use in 1988–2023 resulting from environmental conditions and land reform. Pasturelands predominate in the study area (93.8%), while built-up with kitchen garden and irrigated areas cover 1.8% and 4.0% of the area, respectively. Kitchen gardens and irrigated areas provide food for the residents. Significant land-use changes were observed along the Uroz River, where the irrigation system was developed in areas that have not yet been used for plant cultivation. This is typical of many areas in Tajikistan, where it is impossible to obtain crops without irrigation due to climatic conditions. Until 1988, the study area was not as intensively cultivated as it is today. Under the ongoing lease system based on the Dehkan Farm Act, grazing land is still owned by the state, but inhabitants have access to it. The leased land does little to improve the economic situation of households but contributes to preventing ecosystem degradation on the slopes caused by humans. © 2024 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85183326600,

title = {Sustainable Monitoring of Mining Activities: Decision-Making Model Using Spectral Indexes},

author = { K. Michalowska and T. Pirowski and E. Głowienka and B. Szypuła and E.S. Malinverni},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85183326600&doi=10.3390%2frs16020388&partnerID=40&md5=0df8a8adadf39c6ead40c77fe16a4a85},

doi = {10.3390/rs16020388},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Remote Sensing},

volume = {16},

number = {2},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {In response to the escalating demand for mineral resources and the imperative for sustainable management of natural assets, the development of effective methods for monitoring mining excavations is essential. This study presents an innovative decision-making model that employs a suite of spectral indices for the sustainable monitoring of mining activities. The integration of the Combinational Build-up Index (CBI) with additional spectral indices such as BRBA and BAEI, alongside multitemporal analysis, enhances the detection and differentiation of mining areas, ensuring greater stability and reliability of results, particularly when applied to single datasets from the Sentinel-2 satellite. The research indicates that the average accuracy of excavation detection (overall accuracy; OA) for all test fields and data is approximately 72–74%, varying with the method employed. Utilizing a single CBI index often results in a significant overestimation of producer’s accuracy (PA) over user’s accuracy (UA), by about 10–14%. Conversely, the introduction of a set of three complementary indices achieves a balance between PA and UA, with discrepancies of approximately 1–3%, and narrows the range of result variations across different datasets. Furthermore, the study underscores the limitations of employing average threshold values for excavation monitoring and suggests the adoption of dedicated monthly thresholds to diminish accuracy variability. These findings could have considerable implications for the advancement of autonomous and largely automated systems for the surveillance of illegal mining excavations, providing a predictable and reliable methodology for remote sensing applications in environmental monitoring. © 2024 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85188797516,

title = {Dasymetric Population Mapping Using Building Data},

author = { T. Pirowski and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85188797516&doi=10.1080%2f24694452.2024.2313500&partnerID=40&md5=05de62a6b7bdded596fa311677c750e4},

doi = {10.1080/24694452.2024.2313500},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Annals of the American Association of Geographers},

volume = {114},

number = {5},

pages = {1001-1019},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {The goal of this research was a quantitative-spatial high-resolution analysis of population distribution based on residential building data extracted from topographic objects database. Attribute information on residential buildings (location; volume; function) provides opportunities to estimate the number of residents. The recalculation of the population from the urban units of Cracow into new spatial units was based on the area-weighted aggregation method. The location of residential buildings constituted a limiting variable, and the total square meterage (calculated as the area of the buildings and the number of their floors) constituted the binding variable. The introduction of additional binding variables related to the type of building and its location, as well as various methods of determining the square meterage per building type, resulted in the creation of a total of nineteen maps of population. As a result, the best methods for the correct geographic scale and segmentation of residential building type—single family or multifamily—were identified. For the input data, based solely on the amount of population in urban units, the calculated value of the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in the 1 × 1 km grid was 310.8 percent, and for the root mean square error (RMSE) was 1,476 people. In the dasymetric method, directly associating the population with the volume of residential buildings, the errors fell to 21.9 percent and 632 people, respectively. The best result was obtained for the variant based on minimizing the RMSE, associating the number of residents to single-family buildings (2.88 people/building) and associating the number of residents to the square footage in multifamily buildings (37.1 m2/person; MAPE = 19.2 percent; RMSE = 556 people). © 2024 by American Association of Geographers.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85152357331,

title = {Accuracy of UAV-based DEMs without ground control points},

author = { B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152357331&doi=10.1007%2fs10707-023-00498-1&partnerID=40&md5=4b69d4f5d858f4eee49d13dc01cb177c},

doi = {10.1007/s10707-023-00498-1},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {GeoInformatica},

volume = {28},

number = {1},

pages = {1-28},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},

abstract = {Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in various environmental research projects and other activities that require accurate topography images. The quality of elevation models derived from UAV measurements varies depending on many variables (e.g. UAV equipment used; terrain conditions; etc.). In order to improve the quality of digital models based on UAV image data, additional GNSS-RTK measurements are usually made at ground control points. The aim of this article is to evaluate the mathematical accuracy of terrain models created without ground control points. The accuracy of the models is considered in two directions: vertical and horizontal. Vertical (elevation) accuracy is calculated based on airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and horizontal (location) accuracy is calculated through comparison with high-resolution orthophotomaps. The average elevation accuracy of all created UAV-based DEMs is found to be 2.7–2.8 m (MAE), 3.1–3.3 m (RMSE), and the average horizontal accuracy is 2.1 m. Despite the low accuracy of the UAV models, the topography is reflected very well in the spatial images. This may be related to the regular and symmetrical distribution of height errors. To improve the accuracy parameters of UAV-based DEMs, it is proposed that they be rapidly georeferenced based on orthophotomaps. © 2023, The Author(s).},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85174043219,

title = {The Natural Consequences of Land Use Change on Transformation and Vegetation Development in the Upper Odra Floodplain},

author = { A. Czajka and O. Rahmonov and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85174043219&doi=10.3390%2fw15193493&partnerID=40&md5=fe1546e58d476afae3a12ca83bafe48b},

doi = {10.3390/w15193493},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {15},

number = {19},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {River channels are regulated in various ways and the fertile soils of valleys are occupied for agricultural purposes, accompanied by human settlements. In many places on the floodplains, gravel or sand is mined and former pits fill with water. The consequences are changes in water relations, changes in land use and land cover. Natural riparian ecosystems gradually disappear. In addition, river valleys are susceptible places for the spread of invasive plant species. In the section of the Upper Odra Valley discussed in this article, all of the aforementioned factors have played roles in shaping modern habitats. The present study shows the impact of human-induced changes on the transformation of the plant cover of the Upper Odra Floodplain. In designated transects, we studied land use changes from 1910 to the present day and examined plant species diversity. The results show that the more heavily transformed floodplain adjacent to the channelized channel has a higher level of species diversity than agricultural areas located along a section of the river with a natural channel course. Most of the river valleys are colonized by geographically invasive alien species, such as Reynoutria japonica, Reynoutria sachalenesis and Impatiens glandulifera, which have contributed to the fact that all of the species typical of the ash, poplar and willow riparian forests characteristic of this habitat type have retreated, which is the main reason for the very low biodiversity. © 2023 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85172920117,

title = {In Search of Ancient Pre-Roman Imperial Roads: A Case Study of the Application of Remote Sensing in Road Archaeology in the Southern Levant},

author = { M. Marciak and D. Sobczyński and O.Y. Abadi and B. Szypuła and L. Schwimmer and M. Čilová},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85172920117&doi=10.3390%2frs15184545&partnerID=40&md5=85ca67d4eca3c1c913dcd5be3782131f},

doi = {10.3390/rs15184545},

issn = {20724292},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Remote Sensing},

volume = {15},

number = {18},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {This paper presents a unique case of the application of remote sensing methods in archaeological survey devoted to ancient pre-Roman Imperial roads in the Southern Levant. The results of our preparatory remote sensing research and subsequent fieldwork in Jordan and Israel between 22 February and 23 March 2023, within the framework of the research project entitled “Travel and Mobility in Hellenistic and Early Roman Palestine”, are reported and discussed. Part of this project is a large-scale, systematic research attempt to discover additional ancient pre-Roman roads and to suggest a working methodology for future research. The methodology is supposed to combine remote sensing research and archaeological survey. The project’s first fieldwork achieved several goals. First, the modern methods enabled us to provide a high-resolution capture of the detected features and artifacts, including the courses of ancient roads and the locations of road-related archaeological sites. Altogether, 105 road remains, 62 archaeological sites, and 14 pottery findings were identified; what is more, 11 GPS (Global Positioning System) tracks of ancient roads were registered. Second, we suggested necessary revisions to the previous state of research and reported new findings. For instance, newly discovered rock art evidence found along Glueck’s Road confirms the continuity of the use of this road long into late antiquity and early Islam. Third, some methodological conclusions were reached. For example, a multi-source approach to identifying ancient roads including the use of archival cartographic sources, archival and modern satellite and aerial imagery, and the databases of archaeological sites is still necessary. However, there can be no doubt that spatial analyses and remote sensing studies must be accompanied by archaeological fieldwork, which is absolutely necessary for determining the dating of the roads (by dating the settlement and pottery) and a detailed identification of the road courses (particularly through the discovery of road-related infrastructure). © 2023 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85136558604,

title = {The Archaeology of Unexploded World War II Bomb Sites in the Koźle Basin, Southern Poland},

author = { J.M. Waga and B. Szypuła and M. Fajer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136558604&doi=10.1007%2fs10761-022-00672-5&partnerID=40&md5=80d6207142203f2395683c6e3079c529},

doi = {10.1007/s10761-022-00672-5},

issn = {10927697},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Historical Archaeology},

volume = {27},

number = {3},

pages = {688-713},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {One of the largest territories affected by the aerial bombardment carried out in Europe in 1944 is located near Kędzierzyn-Koźle. Surrounded by former synthetic fuel production plants, it contains craters from the explosions of detonation and general-purpose bombs, as well as smaller craters indicating the existence of unexploded bombs. The research presented in this article was conducted in forested areas and swampy wastelands, where these forms have been preserved until today. The article includes the analysis of their distribution and morphology, as well as characteristic cases occurring in multiple geoenvironmental situations. It also provides a model for research work leading to the determination of the most likely locations of unexploded bombs. © 2022, The Author(s).},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85165263113,

title = {In search of ancient pre-Roman imperial roads: state of research and some methodological recommendations},

author = { M. Marciak and B. Szypuła and D. Sobczyński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165263113&doi=10.1007%2fs12520-023-01820-6&partnerID=40&md5=13f60de5385af0bca492d6955d8ac523},

doi = {10.1007/s12520-023-01820-6},

issn = {18669557},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences},

volume = {15},

number = {8},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {In recent decades, there has been a considerable growth of scientific interest in the question of travel and mobility in the ancient Mediterranean and Near East. As far as the southern Levant is concerned, this interest has yielded much research about travel and mobility in Late Antique Palestine (including the Roman imperial road network), leaving the question of pre-Roman travel and mobility a much-understudied field of study. However, recent archaeological discoveries have revolutionized our state of knowledge about material remains of pre-Roman roads, which were once believed to not have been preserved. Namely, remains of several pre-Roman roads have been discovered on the ground in modern Jordan and Israel: the Aroer Ascent, “Glueck’s Road,” Naqeb Dahal, the Wadi Zarqa-Main road, the Callirrhoe–Machaerus road, and the Masada–Hebron road. In this context, the aim of this paper was, first, to study the spatial and archaeological features of the archaeologically attested ancient pre-Roman roads, and second, to evaluate all of the available types of remote data as tools serving in the detection of artifacts (especially archival cartographic; aerial; and satellite data; archaeological data; and least-cost simulations of Geographic Information Systems [GIS]). As a result, several conclusions are suggested. First, old topographic maps are a very promising source of data for potential new discoveries since they contain both explicit and implicit hints at the existence of ancient roads. Second, information about archaeological data and the Roman imperial road network may also offer important reference points if the quality of databases is improved in the future. Third, the use of GIS simulations based on 30 m digital elevation models has very substantial limitations. In particular, the use of least cost paths and corridors for simulating short-distance travel has turned out to be fruitless. At the same time, the use of least cost corridors for predicting long-distance travel offers some promising results. © 2023, The Author(s).},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85162940824,

title = {Current and potential landscape functions of areas with the remnants of World War II bombing in the Koźle Basin, southern Poland},

author = { J.M. Waga and M. Fajer and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85162940824&doi=10.2478%2fenviron-2023-0009&partnerID=40&md5=3b0244be5d480b888c971365c70e9f1c},

doi = {10.2478/environ-2023-0009},

issn = {23540079},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Environmental and Socio-Economic Studies},

volume = {11},

number = {2},

pages = {29-41},

publisher = {Sciendo},

abstract = {Wars bring civilisation and environmental disasters. In the forests and wetlands of the Koźle Basin (southern Poland), clusters of bomb craters remain, which are associated with the air campaign conducted by the USAAF to disable the Third Reich's fuel facilities. They are among the most spectacular in Europe today. There are nearly 6,000 large bomb craters with a diameter of 7-15 meters and smaller ones from the fall of unexploded ordnance. These areas, with their characteristic scarred relief, currently pose difficulties in terms of economic use. The depressions left after the bombs fell, naturally became small sedimentation basins and niches that were taken over by nature. Landscape and nature mapping of the surveyed areas, altered by the bombing, in conjunction with historical data, suggest that they require protection in the form of two landscape-nature protected complexes (a form of landscape protection in Poland). They can serve as environmental and historical education zones, wildlife sanctuaries, as well as areas for the introduction and reintroduction of species. This is important in a region where hundreds of years of agricultural dominance, as well as decades of intensive industrial development and urban settlement, have caused major changes in the natural environment and degradation of its structures. Similar historical sites, trails and cultural parks dedicated to the war campaigns have been introduced in different European countries. © 2023 Jan M. Waga et al., published by Sciendo.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85139186466,

title = {Area and borders of Antarctic and permafrost—A review and synthesis},

author = { W. Dobiński and J.E. Szafraniec and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139186466&doi=10.1002%2fppp.2170&partnerID=40&md5=d5371989f3ef55a85f630175cec01328},

doi = {10.1002/ppp.2170},

issn = {10456740},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Permafrost and Periglacial Processes},

volume = {34},

number = {1},

pages = {37-51},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {The Antarctic continent is a crucial area for ultimate determination of permafrost extent on Earth, and its solution depends on the theoretical assumptions adopted. In fact, it ranges from 0.022 × 106 to 14 × 106 km2. This level of inaccuracy is unprecedented in the Earth sciences. The novelty of the present study consists in determining the extent of Antarctic permafrost not based exclusively on empirical studies but on universal criteria resulting from the definition of permafrost as the thermal state of the lithosphere, which was applied for the first time to this continent. The area covered by permafrost in Antarctica is ca. 13.9 million km2, that is its entire surface. This result was also made possible due to the first clear determination of the boundaries and area of the continent. The Antarctic area includes (a) rocky subsurface with (b) continental ice-sheets and (c) shelf glaciers, which, due to their terrigenous origin and belonging to the lithosphere, belongs to the continent in the same way. Antarctica is covered by continuous permafrost, either in a frozen or in a cryotic state. This also significantly influences delimitation of the global extent of permafrost, which can therefore be defined much more accurately. The proposed ice reclassification and its transfer from the hydrosphere to the lithosphere will allow the uniform treatment of ice in the Earth sciences, both on Earth and on other celestial bodies. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85141596855,

title = {Anthropogenic Landforms Derived from LiDAR Data in the Woodlands near Kotlarnia (Koźle Basin, Poland)},

author = { J.M. Waga and B. Szypuła and K. Sendobry and M. Fajer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85141596855&doi=10.3390%2fs22218328&partnerID=40&md5=739a25659b4a9b2350d312d0c2e6483c},

doi = {10.3390/s22218328},

issn = {14248220},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Sensors},

volume = {22},

number = {21},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Unlike farmland or urban areas, forests have long been regarded as environments that favour the preservation of valuable geological and historical sites. However, due to invasive forestry methods, the implementation of large investment projects and the development of mining, they are increasingly no longer safe spaces for the relics of human activities recorded in landforms. Data collection, including using LiDAR technology, presents an opportunity to preserve knowledge about these landforms. Through the analysis of shaded images of a 37-hectare woodland area near Kotlarnia, landforms of various ages documenting 21 different human activities were identified, including remnants of reforestation activities, the expansion and modification of hydraulic structures and road infrastructure, charcoal burning and tar distilling, exploitation of mineral resources and military activities. The results of the remote sensing work were verified in the field. © 2022 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85135486218,

title = {Interpretation of multispectral satellite data as a tool for detecting archaeological artifacts (Navkur Plain and Karamleis Plain, Iraq)},

author = { T. Pirowski and B. Szypuła and M. Marciak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135486218&doi=10.1007%2fs12520-022-01637-9&partnerID=40&md5=877e2de99bb3d1938b19e73b6ab32639},

doi = {10.1007/s12520-022-01637-9},

issn = {18669557},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences},

volume = {14},

number = {9},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},

abstract = {Contemporary studies of geographical space, including archaeological research, incorporate multiple spatial digital data. Such data provide an opportunity to extend research to large areas, and to objectify studies on the basis of quantitative data thus obtained and gaining access to the hard-to-reach study area. Examples of such data are satellite images at various spatial resolutions and in a wide spectrum of electromagnetic radiation (visible; infrared; and microwave). The authors made an attempt to use satellite images to analyze the areas of probable location of the Battle of Gaugamela (the Navkur Plain and the Karamleis Plain in Iraq). The photointerpretation was performed, enhanced by the multivariate processing of the multispectral image. The aim of the work was indicating the most likely places where the camp and the battle were located based on the visual interpretation of an array of satellite data. The adopted methodology of precise allocation of interpretative values to remote sensing materials for every detected artifact provided an opportunity to accumulate an extensive amount of information. It also provided the basis for a synthetic analysis regarding the methods of image processing on the one hand and the dates of recording on the other. It turned out that the season in which the photos are recorded is very important—although the best data for analysis turned out to be the autumn data (38% of all recognized artifacts), the use of data from three seasons increased the total number of indicated artifacts by as much as about 50% (the so-called unique detections). In addition, advanced image processing (such as principal component analysis and decorrelation stretch) turned out to be important, as it increased the number of areal artifacts by 31% compared to the interpretation of only photos in natural (true) color composite and false color composite (with near-infrared). The conducted analyses have confirmed the usefulness of high-resolution satellite data for archaeological applications, and the detected and described anomalies visible in satellite images are excellent material for selecting sites for detailed field research. © 2022, The Author(s).},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85136342066,

title = {Soil and Vegetation Development on Coal-Waste Dump in Southern Poland},

author = { O. Rahmonov and A. Czajka and Á. Nádudvari and M. Fajer and T. Spórna and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136342066&doi=10.3390%2fijerph19159167&partnerID=40&md5=9b73e6a62adcbfa769cb65f068547a92},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph19159167},

issn = {16617827},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},

volume = {19},

number = {15},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {As an anthropogenic element of urban landscapes, coal heaps undergo changes due to both natural and anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the common development of soil under the influence of vegetation succession against a background of environmental conditions. Vegetation changes and soil properties were analysed along a transect passing through a heap representing a particular succession stage. It was found that changes in the development of vegetation were closely related to the stages of coal-waste disposal, where the initial, transitional, and terminal stages were distinguished. The mean range of pH (H2O) values in the profiles was 6.75 ± 0.21 (profile 1), 7.2 ± 0.31 (profile 2), 6.3 ± 1.22 (profile 3), and 5.38 ± 0.42 (profile 4). The organic carbon (OC) content in all samples was high, ranging from 9.6% to 41.6%. The highest content of total nitrogen (Nt) was found (1.132%) in the algal crust and sub-horizon of the organic horizon (Olfh-0.751%) and humus (A-0.884) horizon in profile 3 under the initial forest. Notable contents of available elements were found in the algal shell for P (1588 mg∙kg−1) and Mg (670 mg∙kg−1). Soil organic matter content was mainly dominated by n-alkanes (n-C11-n-C34) and alkanoic acids (C5–C20). Phytene and Phytadiene were typical for the algal crust on the initial pedigree. The initiation of succession was determined by the variation in grain size of the waste dumped on the heap and the variation in relief and associated habitat mosaic. Algal crusts forming on clay–dust mineral and organic material accumulating in the depressions of the site and at the foot of the heap can be regarded as the focus of pedogenesis. © 2022 by the authors.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85133338298,

title = {Do national parks protect natural landscapes?},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and M. Sobala and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133338298&doi=10.1016%2fj.jnc.2022.126229&partnerID=40&md5=3e3404d11848f147f6de9e559bf27072},

doi = {10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126229},

issn = {16171381},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal for Nature Conservation},

volume = {68},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Establishing national parks should result from a desire to protect natural or near natural landscapes with the lowest degree of anthropogenic transformation. This paper tries to ascertain whether national parks in Poland protect the most natural landscapes and how far they have been affected by humans. The level of anthropogenic transformation of natural landscapes was assessed based on an analysis of the percentage of natural, semi-natural and anthropogenic land cover. The vast majority of national parks in Poland (21 out of 23) protect landscapes which have been minimally transformed by humans (RATTNP ranges from 1.01 to 1.16). Only two kinds of natural landscapes, those that are the most transformed by humans, are not represented within the set of the Polish national parks. Hence, the distribution of national parks reflects the degree of anthropogenic landscape transformation. The proposed method could be applied to any type of spatial unit and thus be the basis for designating areas that should be protected. © 2022 The Author(s)},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85128174011,

title = {The scars of war: A programme for the identification of the environmental effects of Word War II bombings for the purposes of spatial management in the Kole Basin, Poland},

author = { J.M. Waga and M. Fajer and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85128174011&doi=10.2478%2fenviron-2022-0005&partnerID=40&md5=4fe84e92061835bd87df359e1a6267bc},

doi = {10.2478/environ-2022-0005},

issn = {23540079},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Environmental and Socio-Economic Studies},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {57-67},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {Poland's Kole Basin contains numerous craters created from the explosions of World War II aerial bombs as well as craters left by unexploded ordnance. The state of the local environment has been severely affected. This situation presents an obstacle to spatial management of the land to this day. This research programme studied the distribution of postmilitary anthropogenic geohazards in the area. It was intended to help to indicate the appropriate courses of action, including in the field of spatial planning, in the areas affected by former bombing. Desk studies focused on photo-interpretive analysis of archival aerial photographs and took advantage of the potential of high-resolution shaded relief rasters created from digital terrain models derived from LiDAR scanning. Field studies used classic geomorphological methods. Studies conducted so far in the bombed areas indicate the necessity of carrying out systematic, anticipatory, accurate surveys of the land and soil surface with the use of geophysical methods. Currently, the traces identified in the field suggest that the amount of unexploded ordnance remaining in the ground is very large. © 2022 Jan M. Waga et al., published by Sciendo.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85136580726,

title = {HERITAGE OF WAR: ANALYSIS OF BOMB CRATERS USING LIDAR (KĘDZIERZYN-KOŹLE, POLAND)},

author = { J.M. Waga and B. Szypuła and M. Fajer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136580726&partnerID=40&md5=fa6c79d0dbce094f1f73023e484a6b2d},

issn = {2067533X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Conservation Science},

volume = {13},

number = {2},

pages = {593-608},

publisher = {Romanian Inventors Forum},

abstract = {One of the biggest areas in Europe with relief transformed as a result of area bombardment carried out in the 1940s is located near Kędzierzyn-Koźle. Most craters can be observed on orthophotomaps and shaded relief rasters. In land subject to intense economic activity, the bomb craters were backfilled as early as in the 1940s and 50s, however, they have been preserved in forest and swampy areas. Owing to the analysis of digital elevation models and shaded relief rasters, it was found that a 5.9-hectare detailed research site included 282 bomb craters of various types, giving an average of 48 craters per ha. However, there are crater concentrations containing almost 75 items/ha. The article presents the morphometric parameters of craters and the reconstruction of their emergence and transformation processes, which are stored in landform morphology. The usefulness and accuracy of digital elevation models and shaded relief rasters was tested for different resolutions in the analyses of craters occurring in a variety of environmental conditions. It was also suggested that this area should be protected as a terrain for interdisciplinary research into the effects of intensive WWII activities. It is significant owing to its historical value, as well as the contemporary spatial economy. © 2022 Universitatea "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" din Iasi. All rights reserved.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85132521468,

title = {TRACES OF HUMAN ACTIVITY IN THE WOODLANDS OF THE "CISTERCIAN LANDSCAPE COMPOSITIONS OF RUDY WIELKIE" LANDSCAPE PARK READ FROM LIDAR DATA AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN HERITAGE PROTECTION [SLADY DZIALALNOSCI CZLOWIEKA NA TERENACH LESNYCH PARKU KRAJOBRAZOWEGO "CYSTERSKIE KOMPOZYCJE KRAJOBRAZOWE RUD WIELKICH" ODCZYTANE Z OBRAZÓW LIDAR ORAZ ICH ZNACZENIE W OCHRONIE DZIEDZICTWA KULTUROWEGO I PRZYRODNICZEGO]},

author = { J.M. Waga and B. Szypuła and K. Sendobry and M. Fajer},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132521468&doi=10.12657%2fczageo-93-05&partnerID=40&md5=7ef4757e8e251c5bb93410eb9c34209a},

doi = {10.12657/czageo-93-05},

issn = {00459453},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Czasopismo Geograficzne},

volume = {93},

number = {1},

pages = {107-138},

publisher = {Polish Geographical Society},

abstract = {The aim of the research was to identify the landforms created at different periods by man in seven forest areas of the "Cistercian Landscape Compositions of Rudy Wielkie" Landscape Park. These complexes of forms, which today constitute the material cultural and natural heritage, have been recognized as scientific values, important "carriers" of knowledge or valuable landscape objects, and their threats have been identified. For this purpose, shaded relief rasters with a resolution of 1 × 1 m and 0.25 × 0.25 m, generated from a digital elevation model based on laser scanning (LiDAR) were used. Remote sensing data were verified in the field. It was found that rasters of different resolutions obtained from LiDAR data are very suitable for relief analysis in forest areas. On the one hand, the conducted research allowed for an inventory of a number of well-preserved forms worthy of protection and further research, but on the other, it revealed that they are under threat due to the use of modern forest cultivation techniques that degrade the surface of the earth, soil and habitats. The forests, previously known as the natural and cultural palimpsest, are being turned into forest plantations. In this way, many functions of the forest disappear, including those promoted over the last 30 years by the State Forests, for example in the "Cistercian Landscape Compositions of Rudy Wielkie" Landscape Park. © 2022 Polish Geographical Society. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85103077768,

title = {Anthropogenic records in a fluvial depositional system: The Odra River along The Czech-Polish border},

author = { M. Faměra and T. Matys Grygar and D. Ciszewski and A. Czajka and M.Á. Álvarez-Vázquez and K. Hron and K. Fačevicová and V. Hýlová and Š. Tůmová and I. Světlík and K. Zimová and K. Dvořáková and B. Szypuła and M. Hošek and J. Henych},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103077768&doi=10.1016%2fj.ancene.2021.100286&partnerID=40&md5=736c4377b93d4e8583d7fc70450b72f1},

doi = {10.1016/j.ancene.2021.100286},

issn = {22133054},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Anthropocene},

volume = {34},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Industrial revolution induced contamination of lowland rivers and floodplain soils with heavy metals worldwide. This pollution was particularly significant in former coal mining regions where hard coal was utilised in various industrial facilities like coke, iron and steel works. The upper Odra River draining Ostrava Coal District in Czech and Upper Silesia mining region in Poland is an example of such a European river with strong historical pollution followed by modern one originating from heavy industry in times of communistic industrialisation in both countries. In the presented studies we sought 19th and 20th century transboundary contamination of the upper Odra River waters recorded in floodplain soil by the most common potentially toxic elements, i.e. lead and zinc as well as by the presence of magnetic particles (spherules). We expected to reveal the general pattern of the Odra River floodplain soil contamination with risk elements which allow us to differentiate sediments of the industrial and pre-industrial era. We used robust regression and robust principal component analysis, using a log-ratio methodology of compositional data analysis, which is a fast and effective tool in assessing contamination levels. Significant increases in risk element concentrations were found downstream from the Ostrava–Bohumín agglomeration, and in some places they exceed the safety limits for agricultural soils in Poland. A comparison of sediments within and outside of the inter-embankment zone showed no systematic difference in their contamination levels suggesting that the sediments were probably contaminated before dike construction mainly since the half of 19th century. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85089733025,

title = {Digital adaptation of the Geomorphological Map of Upper Silesian Industrial Region, Poland (1:50,000)–old map new possibilities},

author = { B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089733025&doi=10.1080%2f17445647.2020.1800528&partnerID=40&md5=497a237b8258aecf160fff993382a2dd},

doi = {10.1080/17445647.2020.1800528},

issn = {17445647},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Maps},

volume = {16},

number = {2},

pages = {614-624},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {The paper is a brief description which discusses the stages of the digital adaptation of the printed version of old geomorphological map. It was paid attention to difficulties and errors that arose during work (incompatibility adjacent sheets; problems with distinguishing of the particular landforms; lack of some landforms). As a result, a geodatabase with 30 vector layers was obtained depicting all relief forms on the original map. The uniqueness of this map arise due to anthropogenic relief forms placed on it. It was extremely important because the mapped area was very strongly transformed by economic human activity. It was decided to compare recorded anthropogenic landforms with maps from other periods (1890; 1993 and 2014). As a result, it was possible to trace spatial and quantitative changes of selected anthropogenic forms on this. In general, between 1890 and 2014, all anthropogenic forms increased with the largest share of the anthropogenic flats. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of Journal of Maps.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85096052826,

title = {Assessment of changes in a viewshed in the Western carpathians landscape as a result of reforestation},

author = { M. Sobala and U. Myga-Piątek and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096052826&doi=10.3390%2fland9110430&partnerID=40&md5=1c6da6825de379ecd3f3aed6fe2960bd},

doi = {10.3390/land9110430},

issn = {2073445X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Land},

volume = {9},

number = {11},

pages = {1-17},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {A viewshed analysis is of great importance in mountainous areas characterized by high landscape values. The aim of this research was to determine the impact of reforestation occurring on former pasturelands on changes in the viewshed, and to quantify changes in the surface of glades. We combine a horizontal and a vertical approach to landscape analysis. The changes in non-forest areas and the viewshed from viewpoints located in glades were calculated using historical cartographic materials and a more recent Digital Elevation Model and Digital Surface Model. An analysis was conducted using a Visibility tool in ArcGIS. The non-forest areas decreased in the period 1848–2015. The viewshed in the majority of viewpoints also decreased in the period 1848–2015. In the majority of cases, the maximal viewsheds were calculated in 1879/1885 and 1933 (43.8% of the analyzed cases), whereas the minimal ones were calculated in 2015 (almost 57.5% of analyzed cases). Changes in the viewshed range from 0.2 to 23.5 km2 with half the cases analyzed being no more than 1.4 km2 . The results indicate that forest succession on abandoned glades does not always cause a decline in the viewshed. Deforestation in neighboring areas may be another factor that has an influence on the decline. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077170262,

title = {Geomorphometric relief classification with the k-median method in the Silesian Upland, southern Poland},

author = { B. Szypuła and M. Wieczorek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077170262&doi=10.1007%2fs11707-019-0765-9&partnerID=40&md5=b3003df3bb61b318ec1855807be9d63e},

doi = {10.1007/s11707-019-0765-9},

issn = {20950195},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers of Earth Science},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

pages = {152-170},

publisher = {Higher Education Press Limited Company},

abstract = {The aim of this study is geomorphometric relief classification of a temperate latitude upland area in Central Europe. The Silesian Upland represents diversified structural relief which contains a fan-shaped configuration of long thresholds and wide erosion depressions. A 20 m × 20 m digital elevation model (DEM) provided input data for the analysis. The k-median method was applied to examine morphometric variables of the relief. The aim of these activities was to identify clusters with objects of similar mathematical characteristics. These clusters were the basis of landform classification. Smaller numbers of clusters 4 transparently show hypsometric relationships. Key elements of the morphology of the area were clearly visible. The division into 6 clusters gives the best results—a detailed but clear image of the morphological diversity by distinguishing characteristic landform elements. The results for 8 clusters show significant background noise and are ambiguous, which makes them difficult to identify. Our research has confirmed that the k-median method is a useful tool for landform classifications. We determined optimal parameters of this method (filtering window size; DEM resolution; number of clusters; aspect influence). © 2019, Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85084509131,

title = {Classification of the Tatra mountain lakes in terms of the duration of their ice cover (Poland and Slovakia)},

author = { B. Gądek and M. Szumny and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084509131&doi=10.4081%2fjlimnol.2019.1920&partnerID=40&md5=3979dbcc76deb6968c460ac059cb9af5},

doi = {10.4081/jlimnol.2019.1920},

issn = {11295767},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Limnology},

volume = {79},

number = {1},

pages = {70-81},

publisher = {Page Press Publications},

abstract = {This paper presents the results of a classification of the Tatra lakes based on the duration of their ice cover, altitude, volume, and potential incoming solar radiation (PISR). It is embedded in the context of the impact of current climate change on the mountain environment. A digital elevation model, morphometric data, satellite imagery from the winter seasons of 2015-2017 and the Wrocław taxonomy method were used in the study. It was found that the order of freezing and thawing of the lakes investigated may change from year to year. The relationship between ice cover duration and altitude is clearly weakened by variations in lake volumes, with insolation having a noticeably lesser effect. Determining the duration of ice cover of the lakes over several seasons facilitates identifying the similarities and dissimilarities between them. Five groups of lakes displaying similar characteristics were identified as well as 2 groups of lakes with highly individual characteristics. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the duration of ice cover on the Tatra lakes has been shortening noticeably over the last 100 years. Small high-altitude lakes seem to be most vulnerable to climate change. © the Author(s), 2019.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85083051551,

title = {Durability of forest cover in the ochotnica valley (Gorce MTS.) and in the Solinka Valley (bieszczady MTS.) in the 18th-21st centuries},

author = { J. Godziek and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083051551&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0163&partnerID=40&md5=edb61ae8bce7f87b72282dab87c7ad5c},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0163},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {93},

number = {1},

pages = {69-88},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {Forests in the Carpathians are increasing their range mainly due to the expansion in former agricultural areas. In this study conducted for two valleys (88 and 69 km2) topographical maps from 18th to 20th century and an orthophotomap were used in order to determine the durability of forest cover. This durability is understood as the period of time during which a given area was presumably occupied by forest. A digital elevation model (DEM) and a digital surface model (DSM) of 1x1m resolution were applied to investigate the relationship between forest cover durability and altitude, slope, aspect and the mean height of trees. The variety of spatial structure of forest cover durability results mainly from the differences of the examined valleys accessibility. Positive correlation between forest cover durability and the mean height of trees and altitude found for both valleys. A directly proportional relationship between forest cover durability and slopes also occurs in the Solinka Valley. © Janusz Godziek • Bartłomiej Szypuła and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85046035095,

title = {Vertical climatic belts in the Tatra Mountains in the light of current climate change},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046035095&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-018-2489-2&partnerID=40&md5=595e6e168f3b029eaead96246b6e80a2},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-018-2489-2},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {136},

number = {1-2},

pages = {249-264},

publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},

abstract = {The paper discusses temporal changes in the configuration of vertical climatic belts in the Tatra Mountains as a result of current climate change. Meteorological stations are scarce in the Tatra Mountains; therefore, we modelled decadal air temperatures using existing data from 20 meteorological stations and the relationship between air temperature and altitude. Air temperature was modelled separately for northern and southern slopes and for convex and concave landforms. Decadal air temperatures were additionally used to delineate five climatic belts previously distinguished by Hess on the basis of threshold values of annual air temperature. The spatial extent and location of the borderline isotherms of 6, 4, 2, 0, and − 2 °C for four decades, including 1951–1960, 1981–1990, 1991–2000, and 2001–2010, were compared. Significant warming in the Tatra Mountains, uniform in the vertical profile, started at the beginning of the 1980s and led to clear changes in the extent and location of the vertical climatic belts delineated on the basis of annual air temperature. The uphill shift of the borderline isotherms was more prominent on southern than on northern slopes. The highest rate of changes in the extent of the climatic belts was found above the isotherm of 0 °C (moderately cold and cold belts). The cold belt dramatically diminished in extent over the research period. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077342583,

title = {Quality assessment of DEM derived from topographic maps for geomorphometric purposes},

author = { B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077342583&doi=10.1515%2fgeo-2019-0066&partnerID=40&md5=8b8bf8b786ffe49a6935d65368416fb5},

doi = {10.1515/geo-2019-0066},

issn = {23915447},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Open Geosciences},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {843-865},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {Digital elevation models (DEMs) play a significant role in geomorphological research. For geomorphologists reconstructing landform and drainage structure is frequently as important as elevation accuracy. Consequently, large-scale topographic maps (with contours; height points and watercourses) constitute excellent material for creating models (here called Topo-DEM) in fine resolution. The purpose of the conducted analyses was to assess the quality of Topo-DEM against freely-available global DEMs and then to compare it with a reference model derived from laser scanning (LiDAR-DEM). The analysis also involved derivative maps of geomorphometric parameters (local relief; slope; curvature; aspect) generated on the basis of Topo-DEM and LiDAR-DEM. Moreover, comparative classification of landforms was carried out. It was indicated that Topo-DEM is characterised by good elevation accuracy (RMSE <2 m) and reflects the topography of the analyzed area surprisingly well. Additionally, statistical and percentage metrics confirm that it is possible to generate a DEM with very good quality parameters on the basis of a large-scale topographic map (1:10;000): elevation differences between Topo-DEM and: 1) topographic map amounted from-1.68 to +2.06 m,MAEis 0.10 m, RMSE 0.16 m; 2) LiDAR-DEM (MAE 1.13 m, RMSE 1.69 m, SD 1.83 m); 3) GPS RTK measurements amounted from-3.6 to +3.01 m, MAE is 0.72 m, RMSE 0.97 m, SD 0.97 m. For an area of several dozen km2 Topo-DEM with 10×10 m resolution proved more efficient than detailed (1×1 m) LiDAR-DEM. © 2019 B. Szypula.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85050315467,

title = {Diversity loss of lichen pine forests in Poland},

author = { E. Stefańska-Krzaczek and W. Fałtynowicz and B. Szypuła and Z. Kącki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050315467&doi=10.1007%2fs10342-018-1113-4&partnerID=40&md5=70fab7cb432977b717327e2ed1a4894d},

doi = {10.1007/s10342-018-1113-4},

issn = {16124669},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {European Journal of Forest Research},

volume = {137},

number = {4},

pages = {419-431},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {In Central Europe, deciduous forests are the dominant community type and lichen pine forests are restricted to certain areas with extremely nutrient-poor and xeric soil types. In recent decades, a retreat of vegetation of oligotrophic habitats has been observed in Central Europe. In this study, we assessed changes of lichen pine forests in Poland: within the main area of the range in Central Europe. We used two sets of data collected at a local and regional (nation-wide) scale. On the basis of data from semi-permanent plots, we examined changes in the structure and species composition of lichen pine forests over 33 years at the local scale (between 1975 and 2008). To compare trends at the regional scale, we used data collected in the Polish Vegetation Database (PVD). For identification of lichen pine forests we determined a group of co-occurring Cladonia species. We analyzed differences in species richness and vegetation structure at the regional scale in tree time periods (1) between 1951 and 1969, (2) 1970 and 1989, and (3) 1990 and 2011. We found that changes in lichen pine forests are primarily quantitative at both scales. Our results indicate that the abundance of Cladonia species is limited by strong competitors, i.e., vascular plants and bryophytes, which may be explained by eutrophication and climate warming. Only pine forests with a minor abundance of lichens have chances to persist in the vegetation of Central Europe, while the most valuable communities with high abundance of indicators will disappear. Though an assessment of the total decrease in the area of lichen pine forests is not possible with the available regional data, local observations indicate a large decline in the area of lichen pine forests in Central Europe. Their conservation seems to be a serious challenge, because it is difficult to provide optimal conditions for all indicators. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85057717504,

title = {Dendrochronological dating as the basis for developing a landslide hazard map - An example from the Western Carpathians, Poland},

author = { K. Łuszczyńska and M. Wistuba and I. Malik and M. Krąpiec and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057717504&doi=10.1515%2fgeochr-2015-0093&partnerID=40&md5=b3abcc20cde6fd153fffe99e02958623},

doi = {10.1515/geochr-2015-0093},

issn = {17338387},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geochronometria},

volume = {45},

number = {1},

pages = {173-184},

publisher = {Sciendo},

abstract = {Most landslide hazard maps are developed on the basis of an area's susceptibility to a land-slide occurrence, but dendrochronological techniques allows one to develop maps based on past land-slide activity. The aim of the study was to use dendrochronological techniques to develop a landslide hazard map for a large area, covering 3.75 km2. We collected cores from 131 trees growing on 46 sampling sites, measured tree-ring width, and dated growth eccentricity events (which occur when tree rings of different widths are formed on opposite sides of a trunk), recording the landslide events which had occurred over the previous several dozen years. Then, the number of landslide events per decade was calculated at every sampling site. We interpolated the values obtained, added layers with houses and roads, and developed a landslide hazard map. The map highlights areas which are poten-tially safe for existing buildings, roads and future development. The main advantage of a landslide hazard map developed on the basis of dendrochronological data is the possibility of acquiring long se-ries of data on landslide activity over large areas at a relatively low cost. The main disadvantage is that the results obtained relate to the measurement of anatomical changes and the macroscopic charac-teristics of the ring structure occurring in the wood of tilted trees, and these factors merely provide in-direct information about the time of the landslide event occurrence. © 2018 K. Luszczynska et al.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85036459671,

title = {Quantitative studies of the morphology of the south Poland using Relief Index (RI)},

author = { B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85036459671&doi=10.1515%2fgeo-2017-0039&partnerID=40&md5=11d541b39f0dea828c5dfac54d050cc7},

doi = {10.1515/geo-2017-0039},

issn = {23915447},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Open Geosciences},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

pages = {509-524},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to introduce a new morphometric index named Relief Index (RI). RI is the ratio of the total length of the contour lines and the surface area at which they occur. This easily calculated index provides an objective quantitative measure of relief variability as an important feature in geomorphological studies. To achieve this goal, a highly detailed morphometric analysis was carried out using a high-resolution (1m×1m) DEM. Twenty one sample areas in southern Poland were examined. These analyses showed RI, as a good tool for rapidly evaluating topography heterogeneity in division into relief classes. I distinguished 4 classes of the Relief Index that classify earth surface considering the variability of the relief. Results of the calculations demonstrated that there is a significant correlation between RI and the local relief and slopes, but there is no correlation between RI and planar curvatures and TWI. The relief of the sample areas were analysed using geomorphometric parameters (slopes, local relief, planar curvatures). Moreover the influence of the DEM resolution on Relief Index values was examined. © 2017 B. Szypuła.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84955484254,

title = {Coexistence of ancient forest species as an indicator of high species richness},

author = { E. Stefańska-Krzaczek and Z. Kącki and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84955484254&doi=10.1016%2fj.foreco.2016.01.012&partnerID=40&md5=7aa023ed6c0aa042088bf10e10e13189},

doi = {10.1016/j.foreco.2016.01.012},

issn = {03781127},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Forest Ecology and Management},

volume = {365},

pages = {12-21},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Continuity of forest habitats is evaluated by using the indicator value of plants considered as ancient forest species or closed forest species. This is a subjectively defined group, which includes species that prefer old-growth forests. Until now, the fidelity between ancient forest species and its relation to species richness has not been assessed. Analyses were performed using resources of the Polish Vegetation Database, from which we selected relevés containing at least one species from the group of ancient forest species. Subsequently, we examined whether these species demonstrate a tendency to coexist. We established these relations using the phi coefficient of fidelity. We have distinguished eleven groups of coexisting ancient forest species (CAFS groups). Fairly common taxa in the data set constituted the majority of species forming these groups (frequency of <10%). Only one CAFS group found in the dataset was strongly localised geographically. The other groups did not demonstrate specific patterns of distribution and were recorded in relevés throughout the country. The average species richness of forests, in which at least one CAFS group was present, was significantly higher than the average in the forests, where there were no groups of CAFS found. These forests also differed significantly in the total number of ancient forest species and the number of closed forest species. We found that the coexistence of ancient forest species was an indicator of forest communities characterized by a high diversity. In all types of forests identified in the data set, at least one group of coexisting ancient forest species was identified. However, the occurrence of the CAFS groups was not equally frequent in all types of forests. CAFS groups occurred most often in the oak-hornbeam forests, species-rich beech forests and ravine forests, which are zonal types of vegetation. On the other hand, the CAFS groups were rarely found in bog Scots pine woodlands, acidophilous spruce forests, alder carrs and willow-poplar forests of lowland rivers, and these are mostly azonal vegetation types with a limited range. CAFS groups can be used as a trans-regional indicators of forests with a high diversity of species, however, their usefulness may be limited in relation to forests found in oligotrophic habitats or azonal forest systems. © 2016 Elsevier B.V..},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84973438922,

title = {Quantitative changes of anthropogenic relief over the last 100 years in the Silesian Upland (south Poland)},

author = { B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84973438922&doi=10.1127%2f0372-8854%2f2013%2f0111&partnerID=40&md5=6e1ff862cb50f29f49e4d8b9a0274a45},

doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2013/0111},

issn = {03728854},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie},

volume = {58},

number = {2},

pages = {175-183},

publisher = {E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {Quantitative changes of anthropogenic relief over the last 100 years in the Silesian Upland (south Poland). The aim of the research presented in this paper was to answer the question: how spatial and quantitative relationships among the elements of anthropogenic relief in southern part of the Silesian Upland changed over the last 100 years The Silesian Upland is one of the most transformed by human activity areas in Poland, especially with regard to relief. The research focused on the following anthropogenic forms: incisions, embankments, excavations, dumps, and also water reservoirs and water flows. The author focused on three time spans: 1881, 1956 and 1995 because of the availability of cartographic materials. The comparison of the conclusions drawn from these data allowed to determine that the general trend of evolution of this kind of anthropogenic landforms is growing and their internal structure is changing. This research is an example showing how we can describe human impact on relief in a measurable way. © 2013 Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}