@article{2-s2.0-85194105872,

title = {Potentially Harmful Elements (As, Sb, Cd, Pb) in Soil Polluted by Historical Smelting Operation in the Upper Silesian Area (Southern Poland)},

author = { W. Nadłonek and J. Cabała and K. Szopa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194105872&doi=10.3390%2fmin14050475&partnerID=40&md5=2058f3137e95f3edda8ff6aae832d9c7},

doi = {10.3390/min14050475},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {14},

number = {5},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {This study aimed at determining the concentration and possibility of migration of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in soils and mining and metallurgical waste in the Silesian-Cracow region. Our research was carried out in selected locations of Ruda Śląska, Świętochłowice, Bytom, and in the Olkusz region (Bukowno) in southern Poland. The concentrations of metals (e.g.; Ag; Ba; Ca; Cd; Cu; Fe; Mg; Mn; Pb; Sr; Zn), metalloids (As; Sb), and sulphur were determined in 33 soil samples (with a depth range of 0.0–0.3 m) and 12 slag samples. These studies show an increased concentration of metals, metalloids, and sulphur, exceeding the level of regional geochemical background. The research results indicate that the degree of the chemical transformation of soils in the analysed regions of Ruda Śląska, Bytom, and Bukowno is advanced. This highlights the high concentrations of most metals, i.e., arsenic, antimony, and sulphur, in the surface layer of soils (topsoil) due to historic Zn-Pb ore mining and Zn and Fe metallurgy. The presence of both primary and secondary metal sulphides, sulphates, carbonates, oxides/hydroxides, silicates, and aluminosilicates was found in the mineral composition of soils and slags. © 2024 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85153872496,

title = {Spatial and temporal trends in δ66Zn and 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratios along a rural transect downwind from the Upper Silesian industrial area: Role of legacy vs. present-day pollution},

author = { E. Prěchová and O.Ř. Šebek and M. Novák and A.V. Andronikov and L. Strnad and V. Chrastný and J. Cabała and M. Štěpánová and J. Pašava and E. Čadková and P. Pacherová and V. Bláha and J. Čuřík and F. Veselovskỳ and H. Vitkova},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153872496&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2023.121609&partnerID=40&md5=eeee924d6afc0062ede572e3843cc36a},

doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121609},

issn = {02697491},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {328},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Transect sampling is an under-exploited tool in isotope studies of atmospheric pollution. Few studies have combined Zn and Pb isotope ratios to investigate whether atmospheric pollution at a receptor site is dominated by a different anthropogenic source of each of these toxic elements. It has been also unclear whether pollution abatement strategies in Central Europe have already resulted in regionally well-mixed background isotope signature of atmospheric Zn and Pb. Zinc and lead isotope ratios were determined in snow collected along a rural transect downwind from the Upper Silesian industrial area (southern Poland). Spatial and temporal gradients in δ66Zn and 206Pb/207Pb ratios at four sites were compared with those of ore and coal collected in eight Czech and Polish mining districts situated at distances of up to 500 km. Snow pollution was extremely high 8 km from Olkusz in 2011 (1670 μg Zn L−1; 240 μg Pb L−1), sharply decreased between 2011 and 2018, and remained low in 2019–2021. Snow pollution was lower at sites situated 28–68 km from Olkusz. Across study sites, mean δ66Zn and 206Pb/207Pb ratios of snow were −0.13‰ and 1.155, respectively. With an increasing distance from Olkusz, the δ66Zn values first increased and then decreased, while the 206Pb/207Pb ratios first decreased and then increased. The δ66Zn values in snow plotted closer to those of Upper Silesian ores (−0.20‰) than to the δ66Zn values of Upper Silesian stone coal (0.52‰), showing predominance of smelter-derived over power-plant derived Zn pollution. The 206Pb/207Pb ratios of Upper Silesian coal (1.171) and Upper Silesian ores (1.180) were higher compared to those of snow. A206Pb/207Pb vs. 208Pb/207Pb plot identified legacy pollution from leaded gasoline as the low-radiogenic mixing end-member. Across the transect sites, only the last sampling campaign exhibited a high degree of isotope homogenization for both Zn and Pb. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85147813200,

title = {Long-Term Vegetation Changes and Socioeconomic Effects of River Engineering in Industrialized Areas (Southern Poland)},

author = { O. Rahmonov and W. Dragan and J. Cabała and R. Krzysztofik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147813200&doi=10.3390%2fijerph20032255&partnerID=40&md5=2218a5f8d80b96a0ed7d7fe3666d995b},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph20032255},

issn = {16617827},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},

volume = {20},

number = {3},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {The exploitation of mineral resources associated with human mining activities leads to the degradation of both terrestrial and aquatic biocenotic systems. The drastic disturbance of water relations as a result of the relocation of the riverbed of the Biala Przemsza River (southern Poland) for coal and filler sand mining will lead to changes in plant ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the diversity and distribution of vegetation in the Biała Przemsza valley in sections of channel straightening with the old riverbed and areas undisturbed by engineering works against the background of land use in temporal and spatial aspects. The results of the ecological and phytosociological studies showed that the composition of flora and vegetation types varied. Within the transformed riverbed, anthropogenic mixed forests with species characteristic of different ecological systems are developing, whereas the non-regulated section of the river is overgrown by an alder riparian forest with an almost complete species composition for this plant community. The highest Simpson’s biodiversity index was found in the anthropogenically disturbed section of the river (0.86), and in the undisturbed section, it was 0.83. Both sections of the river were dominated by species of the family Compositae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Rosaceae and Apiaceae. The diversity of the flora in the transformed sections of the valley is determined by the presence of mosaics and microhabitats, as well as the nature of the surrounding vegetation, which is reflected in the ecological requirements of the flora concerning light preference (moderate light [56.25%]), and almost 90% of the flora from the area of the regulated section of the valley develops on humus-poor and mineral-humus soils. Although this area has lost its original natural function, it is now valuable for selected economic and social functions, especially in highly urbanized regions. © 2023 by the authors.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125539700,

title = {High concentrations of HgS, MeHg and toxic gas emissions in thermally affected waste dumps from hard coal mining in Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and J. Cabała and L. Marynowski and M. Jabłońska and M. Dziurowicz and D. Malczewski and B. Kozielska and P. Siupka and Z. Piotrowska-Seget and B.R.T. Simoneit and M. Szczyrba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125539700&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2022.128542&partnerID=40&md5=dc4d622cf940b6c3ae23b6a2bebc9f65},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128542},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {431},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study aims to provide numerous environmental research approaches to understand the formation of mineral and organic mercury compounds in self-heating coal waste dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The results are combined with environmental and health risk assessments. The mineralogy comprised accessory minerals in the fine fraction of thermally affected waste, i.e., Hg sulfides, most likely cinnabar or metacinnabar. Moreover, other metals, e.g., Pb, Zn and Cu, were found as sulfide forms. Apart from Hg, the ICP-ES/MS data confirmed the high content of Mn, Zn, Pb, Hg, Cr and Ba in these wastes. The high concentration of available Hg resulted in elevated MeHg concentrations in the dumps. There were no correlations or trends between MeHg concentrations and elemental Hg, TS, TOC, and pH. Furthermore, we did not detect microbial genes responsible for Hg methylation. The organic compounds identified in waste and emitted gases, such as organic acids, or free methyl radicals, common in such burn environments, could be responsible for the formation of MeHg. The concentration levels of gases, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, NH3, emitted by the vents, reached or surpassed acceptable levels numerous times. The potential ecological and human health risks of these dumps were moderate to very high due to the significant influence of the high Hg concentrations. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85117098360,

title = {Evaluation of thallium isotopic fractionation during the metallurgical processing of sulfides: An update},

author = { A. Vaněk and K. Vejvodová and M. Mihaljevič and V. Ettler and J. Trubač and M. Vaňková and L. Teper and J. Cabała and K. Sutkowska and A. Voegelin and J. Göttlicher and O. Holubík and P. Vokurková and L. Pavlů and I. Galušková and T. Zádorová},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117098360&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2021.127325&partnerID=40&md5=737c0d80422f0fa400b2979f2d90ac28},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127325},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {424},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {In this study, we report combined Tl isotopic and Tl mineralogical and speciation data from a set of Tl-rich sulfide concentrates and technological wastes from hydrometallurgical Zn extraction. We also present the first evaluation of Tl isotopic ratios over a cycle of sulfide processing, from the ore flotation to pyro- and hydrometallurgical stages. The results demonstrate that the prevailing Tl form in all samples is Tl(I), without any preferential incorporation into sulfides or Tl-containing secondary phases, indicating an absence of Tl redox reactions. Although the Tl concentrations varied significantly in the studied samples (~9–280 mg/kg), the overall Tl isotopic variability was small, in the range of −3.1 to −4.4 ± 0.7 (2σ) ε205Tl units. By combining present ε205Tl results with the trends first found for a local roasting plant, it is possible to infer minimum Tl isotopic effects throughout the studied industrial process. As a result, the use of Tl isotopic ratios as a source proxy may be complicated or even impossible in areas with naturally high/extreme Tl background contents. On the other hand, areas with two or more isotopically contrasting Tl sources allow for relatively easy tracing, i.e., in compartments which do not suffer from post-depositional isotopic redistributions. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099354655,

title = {Lead in the Bones of Cows from a Medieval Pb-Ag Metallurgical Settlement: Bone Mineralization by Metalliferous Minerals},

author = { J. Cabała and D. Rozmus and G. Kłys and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099354655&doi=10.1080%2f14614103.2020.1867289&partnerID=40&md5=b620138e2d284021062ac8ea605bf9d9},

doi = {10.1080/14614103.2020.1867289},

issn = {14614103},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Archaeology},

volume = {27},

number = {3},

pages = {292-305},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {Pb contents (13-53 mg kg−1) and pathological changes in almost complete cow skeletons discovered in graves adjacent to Pb and Ag smelting furnaces active in the Silesian-Cracovian region, in the mid-12th century are reported in the article. In addition to Pb, elements such as Zn, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cd, and Ba characteristic of Zn-Pb-Ag ores in the region were identified. Bone fragments and the soil in which they had lain for almost 800 years were examined by SEM, EDS. XRD was used to identify minerals present in soils. The enrichment of the bones with Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, and Cd is associated with the remobilisation of elements from soil contaminated with primary and synthetic phase-rich metals. In biotic material (e.g. bones) taken from soils heavily contaminated by mining or metallurgical processes, it is not possible to determine whether a given metal was even partly incorporated into the bone structure during life using the above methods. However, the importance of comprehensive geochemical and submicroscopic data for any inference based on the results of chemical tests on biological material is clearly indicated. © Association for Environmental Archaeology 2021.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85120823619,

title = {Vegetation and environmental changes on contaminated soil formed on waste from an historic zn-pb ore-washing plant},

author = { O. Rahmonov and J. Cabała and R. Krzysztofik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120823619&doi=10.3390%2fbiology10121242&partnerID=40&md5=619ff3445f85772de0223e2a29003cda},

doi = {10.3390/biology10121242},

issn = {20797737},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biology},

volume = {10},

number = {12},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Post-mining waste from Zn-Pb ore exploitation undergoes processes of spontaneous succession and changes in soil chemical composition. The Zakawie area was industrially transformed by historical mining activity, ore enrichment, and the metallurgical processing of Zn-Pb ore. The subject of the study was to analyse the rate of vegetation succession (from 1999 to 2019), soil chemistry, and the relationships between them in an anthropogenic habitat with high concentrations of potentially toxic metals. Ecological and geochemical studies were carried out in an area contaminated with waste from a disused Zn-Pb ore-washing plant. Between 1999 and 2019, the transformation of grassland and meadow vegetation into scrub and forest–grassland communities was observed. This transformation led to a decrease in the area of Molinietum caeruleae meadow (from 25.8% in 1999 to 10.7% in 2019), whose place was taken by Prunus spinosa and Rhamnus cathartica. The community of xerothermic limestone grasslands completely disappeared, being replaced in favour of the Diantho-Armerietum and Prunus spinosa community. In this period, the share of lifeforms of plants and species composition (46 and 60; respectively) also changed. The Shannon and Simpson biodiversity index reached high values in the second investigation period, and it was 0.893 and 0.86, respectively. The anthrosols had a high content of Zn—85,360 mg kg−1, Pb—28,300 mg kg−1, Cd—340 mg kg−1, and As—1200 mg kg−1 . Carbonates, clay minerals, and fe-oxides are predominant in the mineral composition of the rhizosphere; the metal-bearing phases are stable; and hardly soluble minerals include smithsonite, cerussite, monheimite, hemimorphite, and oxides of Fe and Fe-Mn. Mineralisa-tion/crust processes formed on the epidermis, and their influences on root development were found. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy studies on rhizosphere soil components provide information on the type of minerals and their susceptibility to heavy metals release. The identification of some biotic and mineral structures in rhizospheres can be an interesting source of information on pedogenic processes identified in back-scattered electron images. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85107836252,

title = {Detection of land degradation caused by historical Zn-Pb mining using electrical resistivity tomography},

author = { M. Kondracka and J. Cabała and A.F. Idziak and D. Ignatiuk and A. Bielicka-Giełdoń and I. Stan-Kłeczek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107836252&doi=10.1002%2fldr.4005&partnerID=40&md5=222cac73749bcae20557b248d388b834},

doi = {10.1002/ldr.4005},

issn = {10853278},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Land Degradation and Development},

volume = {32},

number = {11},

pages = {3296-3314},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Soil contamination with trace elements in mining areas still remains an urgent research problem due to their negative environmental impact that needs to be assessed. Despite the wide application of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method to different environmental problems, it continually remains methodologically challenging in soil contamination near waste dumps of post-metal historical mining. The aims of our study were: (1) to validate ERT measurements for detecting soil contamination by trace elements in the vicinity of a waste dump containing post-processing spoil from Zn-Pb ore smelting, (2) to determine the extent of soil contamination, and (3) to analyze the mineralogical, physical, and chemical properties of the soils affected. ERT enabled us to study the variability of electrical properties of soils, to locate the area of contamination, and to evaluate its spatial diversity in both. The impact of soil pollution is reflected on ERT cross-sections in the form of electrical resistivities that decrease with increasing depth and distance from the waste dump. The respective maximum contents of Zn, Pb and Cd in the soils were 28,903, 12,407, and 136 mg kg−1. The total concentration of trace elements in soils was the highest down to a depth of 0.25 m and decreased in the order: Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Tl > As > Cr > Ni. The electrical resistivities of the soil samples were negatively correlated with the silty and clayey fraction content (−0.78), specific electrical conductivity (−0.75), total trace element content (−0.67), organic matter content (−0.57), and gravimetric water content (−0.53). The results also indicate that the electrical properties of the topsoil depend directly on the type of mineral components. Hydrated iron sulphates, lead sulphates, water-bound in aluminosilicates, Fe oxides/hydroxides, and hydrated Fe, Zn, and Pb sulphates present in the soil all decrease its electrical resistivity. Our results show the impact of the mineralogical, physical, and chemical properties of the soils on the measured electrical resistivity and that including this information in the interpretation of ERT results enables non-invasive detailed determination of soil contamination by trace elements. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85100541579,

title = {Heavy metal- and organic-matter pollution due to self-heating coal-waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and B. Kozielska and A.K. Abramowicz and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and J. Cabała and T. Krzykawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100541579&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2021.125244&partnerID=40&md5=07ef9df8d36be53a4c471da5c1dfc7c6},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125244},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {412},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study provides potential insight between self-heating coal-waste dumps and related environmental pollution in southern Poland. Samples collected from dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin were used to quantify released contents of organic- and inorganic pollutants, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements (Pb; Cd; Cr; Cu; Zn; Ni; Hg; As). Elevated Hg concentrations (~100–1078 mg/kg) and Pb (~600–2000 mg/kg) attest to the evaporation of these metals from deeper parts of the dumps. The acidic pH levels (3.0–4.5) may help to mobilize these elements. Pearson's correlation coefficients for samples analyzed by AAS and ICP-MS indicate a similar origin for Cd, Zn, and As. Mostly 2- and 3-ring PAHs, especially anthracene in burnt soil, dominate in the samples. Chlorinated PAHs, thiophenol, pyridines, quinolines (and derivatives) in thermally-altered samples, and waste containing pyrolytic bitumen indicate coking conditions. The high levels of Hg, Pb, and Cd, and chlorinated PAHs and nitrogen heterocycles formed or enriched during self-heating in these dumps should be deemed a significant environmental hazard. Calculating the lifetime cancer risks due to PAHs and heavy metals accumulations in the dumps are substantial, and access to these dumps should be prohibited. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85081633478,

title = {Integrated geophysical and geochemical methods applied for recognition of acid waste drainage (AWD) from Zn-Pb post-flotation tailing pile (Olkusz, southern Poland)},

author = { J. Pierwoła and M. Szuszkiewicz and J. Cabała and K. Jochymczyk and B. Żogała and T. Magiera},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081633478&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-020-08195-4&partnerID=40&md5=71dda3b90ea154701dba63992bc4217f},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-020-08195-4},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {14},

pages = {16731-16744},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Long-term underground exploitation of Zn-Pb ores has led to drainage of the area and formation of a huge dumping ground in the form of a pile. In its vicinity, processes of acid drainage have developed as a result of contamination of soils and groundwater. Geochemical transformations of mineral contents of waste can significantly affect physical and chemical properties of the soils and the bedrock. At the prospect of termination of the mining activity in the near future, determining the routes of the pollution migration, ability to monitor acid drainage processes and assessment of the risk of heavy metal pollution are really crucial. The paper presents a proposal for solving this problem by means of geophysical methods: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Time Domain-Induced Polarisation (TDIP), Frequency Domain Electromagnetics (FDEM) and shallow-depth magnetometric surveys combined with geochemical investigations. The obtained results of geophysical surveys have been confirmed by geochemical investigations. The applied ERT and TDIP methods make it possible to identify the spread of the zones of pollution around the tailing pile, but their effectiveness depends on humidity of the ground. Soil magnetometry and shallow-depth induction profiling are a good tool to identify the medium contaminated with minerals redeposited by aeolian processes and allow to determine the range of the dust spread from the pile. It has been shown that the range of impact of the geochemical changes around the tailing pile is high and depends not only on directions and dynamics of water flow from the pile but also on aeolian transport. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85078022204,

title = {Pb-rich slags, minerals, and pollution resulted from a medieval ag-pb smelting and mining operation in the silesian-cracovian region (Southern Poland)},

author = { J. Cabała and R. Warchulski and D. Rozmus and D. Środek and E. Szełęg},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078022204&doi=10.3390%2fmin10010028&partnerID=40&md5=e853fb643c36e962c86bf6971b152461},

doi = {10.3390/min10010028},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Since the 12th century in the Silesian-Cracovian area, lead, litharge, and silver have been produced by the pyrometallurgical processing of Pb-Ag-Zn ore. Slags and soils contaminated with heavy metals (Zn; Pb; Cd; Fe; Mn; As) were the subject of this research. Samples were collected during archaeological works in the area of early medieval metallurgical settlement. The main goals of the analyses (Scanning Electron Miscroscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS); Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA); X-ray diffraction (XRD); Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)) were the determination of the mineralogical composition of furnace batches and smelting temperatures and conditions. In soils, the anthropogenic phases enriched in Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, P, and primary minerals like goethite, ferrihydrite, sphalerite, galena, smithsonite, minrecordite, cerussite, gypsum, anglesite, jarosite, and hemimorphite were identified. The soil from former metallurgical settlements contained up to 1106 mg·kg−1 Pb, 782 mg·kg−1 Zn, 4.7 mg·kg−1 Cd in the fine fraction. Much higher heavy metal concentrations were observed in the waste products of ore rinsing, up to 49,282 mg·kg−1 Pb, 64,408 mg·kg−1 Zn, and 287 mg·kg−1 Cd. The medieval smelting industry and Pb-Ag-Zn ore processing are marked by highly anomalous geochemical pollution (Pb; Zn; Cd; Fe; Mn; Ba) in the topsoil. The methods of mineralogical investigation, such as SEM-EDS or EMPA, can be used to identify mineralogical phases formed during metallurgical processes or ore processing. Based on these methods, the characteristic primary assemblage and synthetic phases were identified in the area polluted by medieval metallurgy and mining of Pb-Ag-Zn ores, including MVT (Mississippi Valley Type) deposits. The minerals distinguished in slags and the structural features of metal-bearing aggregates allow us to conclude that batches have included mostly oxidised minerals (PbCO3; ZnCO3; CaZn(CO3)2; FeOOH), sulfides (PbS and ZnS) and quartz (SiO2). The laboratory experiment of high-temperature heating of the examined slags showed that smelting temperatures used in the second half of 13th century were very high and could have reached up to 1550◦ C. The results indicate, that geochemical and mineralogical methods can be used to obtain important information from archaeological sites, even after archaeological work has long ceased. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85029603960,

title = {Thallium isotopes in metallurgical wastes/contaminated soils: A novel tool to trace metal source and behavior},

author = { A. Vaněk and Z. Grösslová and M. Mihaljevič and V. Ettler and J. Trubač and V. Chrastný and V. Penížek and L. Teper and J. Cabała and A. Voegelin and T. Zádorová and V. Oborná and O. Drábek and O. Holubík and J. Houška and L. Pavlů and C. Ash},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029603960&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2017.09.020&partnerID=40&md5=a2008a58619008e2551aaa2a6935ea24},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.020},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {343},

pages = {78-85},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Thallium (Tl) concentration and isotope data have been recorded for contaminated soils and a set of industrial wastes that were produced within different stages of Zn ore mining and metallurgical processing of Zn-rich materials. Despite large differences in Tl levels of the waste materials (1–500 mg kg−1), generally small changes in ε205Tl values have been observed. However, isotopically lighter Tl was recorded in fly ash (ε205Tl ∼ −4.1) than in slag (ε205Tl ∼ −3.3), implying partial isotope fractionation during material processing. Thallium isotope compositions in the studied soils reflected the Tl contamination (ε205Tl ∼ −3.8), despite the fact that the major pollution period ended more than 30 years ago. Therefore, we assume that former industrial Tl inputs into soils, if significant, can potentially be traced using the isotope tracing method. We also suggest that the isotope redistributions occurred in some soil (subsurface) horizons, with Tl being isotopically heavier than the pollution source, due to specific sorption and/or precipitation processes, which complicates the discrimination of primary Tl. Thallium isotope analysis proved to be a promising tool to aid our understanding of Tl behavior within the smelting process, as well as its post-depositional dynamics in the environmental systems (soils). © 2017 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {52},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84988592724,

title = {Isotopic Tracing of Thallium Contamination in Soils Affected by Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants},

author = { A. Vaněk and Z. Grösslová and M. Mihaljevič and J. Trubač and V. Ettler and L. Teper and J. Cabała and J. Rohovec and T. Zádorová and V. Penížek and L. Pavlů and O. Holubík and K. Němeček and J. Houška and O. Drábek and C. Ash},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84988592724&doi=10.1021%2facs.est.6b01751&partnerID=40&md5=56b168f79196a61a81ed38bbe047fd9c},

doi = {10.1021/acs.est.6b01751},

issn = {0013936X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},

volume = {50},

number = {18},

pages = {9864-9871},

publisher = {American Chemical Society},

abstract = {Here, for the first time, we report the thallium (Tl) isotope record in moderately contaminated soils with contrasting land management (forest and meadow soils), which have been affected by emissions from coal-fired power plants. Our findings clearly demonstrate that Tl of anthropogenic (high-temperature) origin with light isotope composition was deposited onto the studied soils, where heavier Tl (ϵ205Tl ∼ -1) naturally occurs. The results show a positive linear relationship (R2 = 0.71) between 1/Tl and the isotope record, as determined for all the soils and bedrocks, also indicative of binary Tl mixing between two dominant reservoirs. We also identified significant Tl isotope variations within the products from coal combustion and thermo-desorption experiments with local Tl-rich coal pyrite. Bottom ash exhibited the heaviest Tl isotope composition (ϵ205Tl ∼ 0), followed by fly ash (ϵ205Tl between -2.5 and -2.8) and volatile Tl fractions (ϵ205Tl between -6.2 and -10.3), suggesting partial Tl isotope fractionations. Despite the evident role of soil processes in the isotope redistributions, we demonstrate that Tl contamination can be traced in soils and propose that the isotope data represent a possible tool to aid our understanding of postdepositional Tl dynamics in surface environments for the future. © 2016 American Chemical Society.},

note = {48},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84988462491,

title = {Potentially toxic elements in soils and plants on a reclaimed coalwaste dump in Southern Poland (preliminary study)},

author = { W. Nadłonek and J. Cabała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84988462491&doi=10.13168%2fAGG.2016.0009&partnerID=40&md5=fd40ccf08ba36e110564f0e5282a38a0},

doi = {10.13168/AGG.2016.0009},

issn = {12149705},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia},

volume = {13},

number = {3},

pages = {271-279},

publisher = {Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,},

abstract = {The phase composition and concentrations of six potentially toxic elements (Zn; Pb; Mn; Cu; Ni; and Cd) in topsoil and plants were studied. The samples were taken from the waste dump in Katowice in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Mineral matter was identified by XRD and SEM. Mineral composition of studied topsoils depends on material composition used to forming the surface layer on the dump. There aluminosilicates (chlorite; muscovite; clays minerals), quartz, Fe and Ca sulphates and Fe oxides dominate. On plants shoots there were identified dolomites, Fe oxides, Ca sulphates, Na and K chlorides and rarely Au-Cu alloys beside quartz and aluminosilicates. By using AAS and ICP-OES contents of heavy metals in soils and plants were determined. Scanning electron microscope allowed to define the chemical composition in soils and plants and XRD to identify mineral contents. In this work measurement of pH and total organic carbon content were carried out. Results indicate that topsoil is highly enriched in heavy metals, especially in zinc, and it is positive correlated with contents of metals in plants growing on such contaminated area. In soils Zn content was in the range from 120 to 3550 mg kg-1, Pb from 31 to 905 mg kg-1, Ni from 3 to 78 mg kg-1and Cd from1 to 11 mg kg-1. For plants it was respectively Zn to 284 mg kg-1, Pb to 59 mg kg-1, Ni to 4 mg kg-1and Cd to 1 mg kg-1. The results indicate that application of coal wastes as reclamation material is not advised due to environmental issues. © 2016, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84956695911,

title = {Role of soil algae on the initial stages of soil formation in sandy polluted areas},

author = { O. Rahmonov and J. Cabała and R. Bednarek and D. Rozek and A. Florkiewicz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84956695911&doi=10.1515%2feces-2015-0041&partnerID=40&md5=7cd2e7962ff6ec4f68a3c9ae9580038c},

doi = {10.1515/eces-2015-0041},

issn = {18986196},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S},

volume = {22},

number = {4},

pages = {675-690},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {Research to evaluate the role of the soil algae in the initiation of pedogenesis in sandy areas and to establish the mineral, chemical and organic composition of soil-algal crusts was done. The investigations area is located in southern Poland in a landscape of drift sand (Bledowska Desert) formed as a result of medieval deforestation related to Ag, Pb and Fe mining activities. Fifteen species of algae (Cyanophyta; Chlorophyta and Heterokontophyta) were identified. In the soil-algal crusts, Corg contents ranged from 0.35-2.23%, Pavail from 9-34 mg · kg-1 and Nt was variable. In investigated area the ground on which soil algae developed was acidic (pH 4.4-5.7 in KCl). Among mineral components in the crust, phases rich in Fe and K dominated (776.5(±2.3) - 2803(±31) mg · kg-1 and 230.5(±3.7) - 696(±22) mg · kg-1; respectively) and elevated concentrations of Zn, Mn and Pb occurred. Soil-crust organic matter includes aliphatic and aromatic compounds, carbohydrate derivatives, phenols, furan and pyrene structures. N compounds have significant contribution in composition of soil-algal crusts - the algae are main source of organic matter in this stage of soil formation. It could accelerate the regeneration of disturbed ecological systems. © 2015 Oimahmad Rahmonov et al., published by De Gruyter Open 2015.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84928243598,

title = {Cadmium isotope fractionation within the soil profile complicates source identification in relation to Pb-Zn mining and smelting processes},

author = { V. Chrastný and E. Čadková and A. Vaněk and L. Teper and J. Cabała and M. Komárek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928243598&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemgeo.2015.04.002&partnerID=40&md5=40d413010c9f42d42104f529429553fb},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.04.002},

issn = {00092541},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {405},

pages = {1-9},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Many cadmium species are among the most toxic of environmental contaminants. Because Cd in many forms is mobile in the environment, identifying its sources is a crucial aspect of remedial intervention. Data from the literature suggest that Cd isotopes could be a useful tool for such identification, but no data about Cd isotopes through entire soil profiles has yet been published. We compared in this paper the Cd isotope composition of three forest and two meadow soil profiles affected by different contamination sources near the Olkusz Pb-Zn smelter in southern Poland together with the main industrial source of possible contamination at that location. In the contaminated forest soil profile, the upper soils reflected the heaviest Cd isotope compositions, while the deeper soil humus layer had the lightest Cd isotope compositions. We found that the overall Cd isotope heterogeneity in industrial wastes was overlapped by the overall Cd isotope fractionation within the forest soil profile near the smelter (ε114/110CdNIST3108 values of 5.14 compared to 11.8; respectively). Both meadow soil profiles had approximately a Cd isotope composition corresponding to the processed ore (Olkusz sphalerite). © 2015 Elsevier B.V..},

note = {66},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84906948794,

title = {Mineral components in a peat deposit: Looking for signs of early mining and smelting activities in Silesia-Cracow region (Southern Poland)},

author = { J. Cabała and B. Smieja-Król and M. Jabłońska and L. Chróst},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84906948794&doi=10.1007%2fs12665-012-2080-6&partnerID=40&md5=c516e6e51c5ce7591fbbe1a88b9bdbde},

doi = {10.1007/s12665-012-2080-6},

issn = {18666280},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Earth Sciences},

volume = {69},

number = {8},

pages = {2559-2568},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {The results of investigations (SEM/EDS and AAS) of a peat deposit, spanning 13,000 years of peat accumulation, are shown. The peat deposit is located in a region of shallow occurrence of Zn-Pb ores, near Tarnowskie Góry town, within the Cracow-Silesia district (southern Poland). Exploitation of lead, silver and iron during the medieval times (Twelfth and thirteenth century) was confirmed by historical documents whereas there are no unambiguous data showing that there was metal mining during the Romanian or earlier times in the region. The peat deposit is located within the influence of atmospheric Pb and Zn emission from a nearby Zn-Pb smelter. Two vertical peat profiles were investigated (120 and 140 cm depth of profile) showing variable concentrations of Zn up to 713 mg kg-1, Pb up to 317 mg kg-1, Cd up to 13 mg kg-1and Tl up to 31 mg kg-1. The highest concentrations were recorded for the uppermost peat layers. SEM and EDS investigations revealed the occurrence of metalbearing, submicroscopic mineral components: Fe, Mn, Ti and Zn oxides and Zn and Pb carbonates. The top layer of the deposit contained Zn, Pb and Cd sulphides. The occurrence of aggregates of Au-Ag, Cu-Zn and Au-Ag-Cu alloys can be possibly related to prehistorical mining and smelting or be explained by geochemical transformations. The preservation of carbonates and oxides in the peat is discussed, indicating a generally neutral to alkaline peat water chemistry and maintenance of an oxidized environment in the fen. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.},

note = {32},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84870296687,

title = {Geochemical position of thallium in soils from a smelter-impacted area},

author = { A. Vaněk and V. Chrastný and M. Komárek and V. Penížek and L. Teper and J. Cabała and O. Drábek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84870296687&doi=10.1016%2fj.gexplo.2012.09.002&partnerID=40&md5=a5630bc08c082a94e162af45104d4556},

doi = {10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.09.002},

issn = {03756742},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geochemical Exploration},

volume = {124},

pages = {176-182},

abstract = {The study complements our previous research, focused on metal contamination of soils in the area historically affected by Zn smelting near Olkusz (Silesia-Krakow region; southern Poland) and provides complex data on the geochemistry of anthropogenic Tl in soils with contrasting land use. Significant differences in Tl concentrations and chemical fractionation were observed between forest and grassland soil profiles, indicating the effect of land use on Tl behavior. Our findings proved the ability of forest soils to concentrate high amounts of Tl, particularly within the organic layers. A comparison of Tl concentrations in the upper (O or A) and the bottom horizons (C) of forest and grassland soils clearly demonstrates vertical mobility of Tl. The results of the sequential extraction procedure indicated the important role of soil organic matter in Tl mobilization, probably as a result of long-term alteration/dissolution of smelter-derived particles followed with Tl release; up to ~. 20% of total Tl amount was associated with the exchangeable/acid-extractable fraction in forest soils. The Tl concentrations detected in grassland soils were up to an order of magnitude lower than in forest soils. Taking into account the dominant bonding of Tl to the residual fraction, Tl present in grassland soils poses lower environmental hazard with respect to the potential mobilization or uptake by plants. Nevertheless, further research on Tl dynamics with emphasis to the environmental stability of Tl-bearing phases is essential for precise understanding of Tl behavior in such polluted (agro)systems. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {53},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84862852926,

title = {Geochemical position of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils near the Olkusz mine/smelter, South Poland: Effects of land use, type of contamination and distance from pollution source},

author = { V. Chrastný and A. Vaněk and L. Teper and J. Cabała and J. Procházka and L. Pechar and P. Drahota and V. Penížek and M. Komárek and M. Novák},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862852926&doi=10.1007%2fs10661-011-2135-2&partnerID=40&md5=b7eafc718519a7b7fdf975c5f9fdbfab},

doi = {10.1007/s10661-011-2135-2},

issn = {01676369},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},

volume = {184},

number = {4},

pages = {2517-2536},

abstract = {The soils adjacent to an area of historical mining, ore processing and smelting activities reflects the historical background and a mixing of recent contamination sources. The main anthropogenic sources of metals can be connected with historical and recent mine wastes, direct atmospheric deposition from mining and smelting processes and dust particles originating from open tailings ponds. Contaminated agriculture and forest soil samples with mining and smelting related pollutants were collected at different distances from the source of emission in the Pb-Zn-Ag mining area near Olkusz, Upper Silesia to (a) compare the chemical speciation of metals in agriculture and forest soils situated at the same distance from the point source of pollution (paired sampling design), (b) to evaluate the relationship between the distance from the polluter and the retention of the metals in the soil, (c) to describe mineralogy transformation of anthropogenic soil particles in the soils, and (d) to assess the effect of deposited fly ash vs. dumped mining/smelting waste on the mobility and bioavailability of metals in the soil. Forest soils are much more affected with smelting processes than agriculture soils. However, agriculture soils suffer from the downward metal migration more than the forest soils. The maximum concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd were detected in a forest soil profile near the smelter and reached about 25 g kg -1, 20 g kg -1 and 200 mg kg -1 for Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively. The metal pollutants from smelting processes are less stable under slightly alkaline soil pH then acidic due to the metal carbonates precipitation. Metal mobility ranges in the studied forest soils are as follows: Pb > Zn ~ Cd for relatively circumneutral soil pH (near the smelter), Cd > Zn > Pb for acidic soils (further from the smelter). Under relatively comparable pHconditions, the main soil properties influencing metal migration are total organic carbon and cation exchange capacity. The mobilization of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils depends on the persistence of the metal-containing particles in the atmosphere; the longer the time, the more abundant the stable forms. The dumped mining/smelting waste is less risk of easily mobilizable metal forms, however, downward metal migration especially due to the periodical leaching of the waste was observed. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.},

note = {86},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-78751575745,

title = {Soil algal colonization and its ecological role in an environment polluted by past Zn-Pb mining and smelting activity},

author = { J. Cabała and O. Rahmonov and M. Jabłońska and E. Teper},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78751575745&doi=10.1007%2fs11270-010-0482-1&partnerID=40&md5=48d672717120172eb57e283a046e537e},

doi = {10.1007/s11270-010-0482-1},

issn = {00496979},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution},

volume = {215},

number = {1-4},

pages = {339-348},

abstract = {The research was carried out around dumps made at the beginning of twentieth century linked to Zn-Pb ore mining of deposits of Mississippi Valley type in Southern Poland. Soil algae communities were investigated near spoil dumps rich in Zn, Pb, Fe, Cd, and Tl. In algal crusts, Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta occur in filament forms such as Stichococcus bacillaris, Stichococcus chlorelloides, S. cf. fragilis, and Cylindrocapsa sp. The algal crusts form aggregates containing metal-bearing minerals and algal organic material. The development of the crusts occur on sandy-clayey soils poor in water and highly enriched in heavy metals (up to 68;800 mg kg-1 for Zn; 85;060 mg kg-1 for Pb; 369 mg kg-1 for Cd and 355 mg kg-1 for Tl). Algal-crust formation is an important initial stage which facilitates vascular plant succession and topsoil formation. The results of investigation of algal material with ESEM are presented and the mineral phases in the top soil layer based on the XRD and EDS are described. The results indicate the presence of secondary labile minerals of lead, e.g., anglesite and plumbojarosite and minerals of Zn, e.g., smithsonite and minrecordite. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-78649697668,

title = {Distribution of thallium and accompanying metals in tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from a smelter-affected area},

author = { A. Vaněk and V. Chrastný and L. Teper and J. Cabała and V. Penížek and M. Komárek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78649697668&doi=10.1016%2fj.gexplo.2010.10.006&partnerID=40&md5=b0428861d7c9b3e6f9f3543ff1397b49},

doi = {10.1016/j.gexplo.2010.10.006},

issn = {03756742},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geochemical Exploration},

volume = {108},

number = {1},

pages = {73-80},

abstract = {Distribution of Tl, Zn, Cd, Pb, K, Ca, Mg and Mn and Pb isotopic composition in tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from an area affected by primary Zn smelting (Olkusz; southern Poland) were investigated. Elevated concentrations of Tl (up to 0.8mg kg-1) in pine trees imply that conifers tend to accumulate this metal to some extent. A generally positive relationship between soil and tree-ring Tl levels was identified. The Tl patterns in stem wood did not correspond to changes in Tl deposition; the lateral translocation of Tl in the sapwood and its accumulation at the sapwood-heartwood boundary (i.e.; in the inner sapwood) is suggested. It is probable that the specific behavior of Tl in trees results from its biogeochemical analogy with K. In contrast, tree-ring patterns of Zn and Cd significantly correlated with their deposition; nevertheless, a partial shift of these metals towards the stem center cannot be excluded. The isotopic composition of Pb (206Pb/207Pb ~1.172-1.184) in trees and underlying soils revealed the predominant influence of smelter emissions (206Pb/207Pb ~1.17) on Pb contamination. Analysis of main nutrients (Ca; Mg and Mn) in wood reflected environmental changes related to acid deposition. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-70350506117,

title = {Mineralogical alterations of Zn-Pb flotation wastes of mississippi valley-type ores (Southern Poland) and their impact on contamination of rainwater runoff},

author = { A. Bauerek and J. Cabała and B. Smieja-Król},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70350506117&partnerID=40&md5=41f422a4bd05a5f0651280f2ef929d86},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {18},

number = {5},

pages = {781-788},

abstract = {Research was carried out on the slopes of a tailings pond built from carbonate wastes, rich in metal flotation wastes of Mississipi Valley-Type Zn-Pb ores in the Silesia-Krakow ore district (southern Poland). These wastes, resulting from Zn-Pb ore processing, may have a detrimental impact on the environment. This study presents results of chemical (ICP; IC; AAS) and mineralogical (XRD; SEM-EDS) characterizations of material from the superficial waste layer, water runoff and relocated suspension. They indicate the occurrence of several secondary mineral phases (Fe oxide; Zn and Pb carbonate; and sulfate-containing metals), resulting from the weathering processes of primary Fe, Zn, and Pb sulfides. Results of XRD and SEM examinations point to the increase of sulfate mineral content in the top layer of wastes compared to the wastes in depth. Rainwater runoff (RWR) on the slopes of tailings is characterised by the prevalence of calcium and sulfate, as well as the presence of metals such as Zn, Fe, Mn, Sr and Cd. Metals and sulfates migration in RWR is one of the ways of contaminants' spreading around Zn-Pb processing mine tailings.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-68149123525,

title = {Microenvironments determining growth of acidophilic bacteria in Zn-Pb flotation tailings of neutral reaction},

author = { B. Cwalina and M. Pacholewska and M. Sozańska and J. Cabała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-68149123525&partnerID=40&md5=d9af1505a4765125482485730a3415a1},

issn = {03248828},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Environment Protection Engineering},

volume = {35},

number = {2},

pages = {113-121},

abstract = {Zinc and lead ore flotation tailings deposited in the Olkusz region show a neutral reaction. They are composed of dolomite-type minerals (alkaline), mostly Ca, Mg(C03)2 and Ca, Mg, Fe(COj)2 (70%), and other minerals including sulphides (acid), mainly pyrite and marcasite (FeS 2; up to 20%). Sulphur and iron concentration in tailings reaches the levels of 7-14% and of 8-16%, respectively. The microenvironments rich in sulphide minerals present in waste materials which indicate almost neutral reaction allow the metabolic activity of acidophilic sulphur-and iron-oxidizing bacteria of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans species to be grown and developed, in spite of the alkaline character of basic mineral components in the tailings examined.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-67349093249,

title = {Heavy metals in mycorrhizal rhizospheres contaminated by Zn-Pb mining and smelting around olkusz in Southern Poland},

author = { J. Cabała and P. Krupa and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67349093249&doi=10.1007%2fs11270-008-9866-x&partnerID=40&md5=b24a8da4d40e0be3d24f41799fd40a90},

doi = {10.1007/s11270-008-9866-x},

issn = {00496979},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution},

volume = {199},

number = {1-4},

pages = {139-149},

abstract = {Soils in areas of mining and smelting of Pb-Zn ores in Southern Poland are strongly enriched in heavy metals (Zn; Pb; Fe; Cd; Tl; As). The highest concentrations of Zn (<55;506 mg kg-1), Pb (<8;262 mg kg -1), Cd (<220 mg kg-1) and Tl (<67 mg kg -1) are linked to the fine fractions of upper soil layers in sites contaminated by past exploitation and processing of ores. The high stress of metals, and the negative influence of acid waste drainage has limited the development of flora and fauna in these areas. The increasing ability of plants to grow is due to the positive symbiotic action of fungi and bacteria. The mycorrhizal communities were identified in rhizospheres rich in unstable Zn-Pb-Fe sulphides such as sphalerite, galena, pyrite and marcasite and carbonates of Zn (smithsonite) and Pb (cerussite). They occur in associations with sulphates, e.g., gypsum. In parts of fungi, secondary mineral phases containing Zn, Pb, Fe and Mn occur. Metal-bearing aggregates formed during symbiotic action between myccorhiza and bacteria connected with them. They enhance the binding of bio-available ions of Zn, Pb and Mn in the most unstable phases. Metal contents in the mycorrhizal parts of the rhizospheric soils were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Mineralogical investigations involved X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},

note = {45},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-55449097795,

title = {Geochemical and geophysical study of historical Zn-Pb ore processing waste dump areas (Southern Poland)},

author = { J. Cabała and B. Żogała and R. Dubiel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-55449097795&partnerID=40&md5=7406c8c85975663a181e81f32aec0dcd},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {17},

number = {5},

pages = {693-700},

abstract = {This paper presents the results of mineralogical, geochemical and geophysical studies of Zn-Pb processing waste dump stored at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The mineral composition of wastes was identified using the XRD method, the contents of Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, Cd, and Tl were determined using the AAS method, whereas the characteristic features of metalliferous grains were examined using the ESEM method. High geochemical mobility of these metals reduces plant succession and brings about the pollution of the former Zn-Pb ores mine areas. High contents of Zn-Pb-Fe sulfides and unstable, hydrated Pb, Fe, Pb-Fe sulfates result in distinctly raised levels of heavy metals (Zn 121;501 mg kg-1; Pb 208;869 mg kg-1; Cd 477 mg kg-1). Various waste types and surrounding Triassic or Quaternary deposits differ significantly in mineral composition, and consequently in physical properties such as electrical conductivity of top soil horizons. This enabled using geoelectric methods for the purpose of this study, and contouring mine wastes in the polluted areas. The field geophysical survey was carried out with a high-resolution conductivity meter (Geonics EM31-MK2).},

note = {46},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{2-s2.0-38349016327,

title = {Application of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in the Zawiercie Zn-Pb ore area as a source of information on the geological structure [Inwersyjne obrazowanie oporu w rejonie złoża Zn-Pb Zawiercie źródłem informacji na temat budowy geologicznej]},

author = { J. Cabała and K. Jochymczyk and A. Poręba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-38349016327&partnerID=40&md5=9603e729267c85f700a8b00e27277830},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {55},

number = {10},

pages = {880-886},

abstract = {The depletion of Zn-Pb ores in developed mining areas and the increase in metal prices have resulted in the need to search for new deposits which have not been exploited yet. A project of drilling new exploratory boreholes should be preceded by an interpretation of archival geological data. To obtain the most valuable information on the geological structure leading to its plausible interpretation, it seems to be purposeful and advisable to apply some geophysical methods that are reasonably cheap in comparison with others. The method of electrical resistivity tomography, which in this research uses two of many measurement protocols such as Schlumberger array and dipole-dipole array, is particularly useful. Computer interpretation of geophysical results allows a high resolution 2D and 3D geoelectrical model of rock mass to be created. The study was carried out using the multi-electrode Lund Imaging System manufactured by ABEM, Sweden. In order to evaluate the practical application of this method, Zawiercie Zn-Pb ore deposits were chosen as the area used in previous scientific research. Taking into account mineralization in its economic aspect, the deposits occur at relatively shallow depths of 50-120 m. In the investigated region, the Triassic carbonate formation overlays the Devonian rocks. The Keuper low-resistance clay, occurring on the surface, provides a very good electrical contact between an electrode and the soil. This is why there are favourable measurement conditions in this area. The boundaries between the Keuper, Devonian and Triassic formations are clearly noticeable in the resistivity cross-sections obtained. On the basis of the ERT results, it ispossible to locate faulting zones as well as karst systems. One of the profiles clearly shows the occurrence of a low-resistance anomaly correlated with Zn-Pb mineralization, which was confirmed by borehole surveys. However, this early stage of the research with the use of the ERT method cannot unequivocally identify the ore body, particularly as it was conditioned by the limited depth of prospecting.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33846190576,

title = {Metalliferous constituents of rhizosphere soils contaminated by Zn-Pb mining in southern Poland},

author = { J. Cabała and L. Teper},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33846190576&doi=10.1007%2fs11270-006-9203-1&partnerID=40&md5=2c8e888ecf0f7ca81436a8fbf82489b1},

doi = {10.1007/s11270-006-9203-1},

issn = {00496979},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution},

volume = {178},

number = {1-4},

pages = {351-362},

abstract = {Industrial soils near Zn-Pb mines and metallurgical plants in the vicinity of Olkusz (southern Poland) are exposed to high environmental stress related to heavy metal pollution (Zn; Pb; Cd; Mn; Fe; Tl and As) from waste disposal sites and primary ores. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry analyses (EDS) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) were used to analyse rhizosphere soil samples from the area. The mineral composition of the rhizosphere soils was determined. Carbonates of lead, cadmium and zinc, arsenic-lead sulphosalts and other minerals occurring on the root epiderm are described. Mineral aggregates of secondary origin include polymineralic spherules containing high concentrations of Zn (up to 2.3%), Pb (up to 0.7%), Fe (up to 23%), Cd (up to 427 mg kg-1) and Tl (up to 139 mg kg-1). Processes on the rhizoplane, and in the zone where plant-root exudation solutions are active, promote the crystallization of metalliferous minerals. ESEM is recommended as an efficient method for examining alteration occurring in the rhizosphere environment. © 2006 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.},

note = {79},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77954691055,

title = {Application of resistivity imaging to recognition of geological structure in the area of shallow Zn-Pb ore bodies (Preliminary study)},

author = { K. Jochymczyk and J. Cabała and A. Poręba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77954691055&partnerID=40&md5=bef393031a401e91d2819d61c6cda099},

issn = {12149705},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia},

volume = {3},

number = {3},

pages = {117-123},

abstract = {Depletion of exploited mineral ore resources and their constant price increase have contributed to active interest in recognition and exploitation of new workable deposits. Exploration work which has been carried out in the vicinity of nonexploited ore areas such as Klucze, Zawiercie and Laski results in confirmation of Zn-Pb commercial deposits. In this region Zn-Pb ores occur in the Devonian and Triassic carbonate formation at a depth of 70 - 80 metres under the surface. Geological recognition is based on the analysis of data taken from bore-holes. To determine the mode of the ores occurrence and service conditions, it is necessity to work out a spatial image of overburden structure. For this reason resistivity measurements with highly distributed LUND Imaging System were introduced in the area of Zawiercie I. The studies were carried out according to three measuring protocols: Schlumberger, Wenner and dipole-dipole. The measurements were performed along three parallel six-hundred-metre profiles. The resistivity cross sections were elaborated using Res2D software. The results of the geophysical research were correlated with the data taken from bore-holes in order to testing the efficiency of applied geoelectrical methods. The study showed a significant diversification of geoelectric characteristics of the rockmass and thus it allowed to recognise accurately the overburden structure of the deposit and to locate precisely zones of faulting. In future, the applied geoelectrical methods are certainly to be used for localization ore bodies at a considarable depth range.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-30944446830,

title = {Cyanophyta and algae as an important component of biological crust from the Pustynia Błedowska desert (Poland)},

author = { J. Cabała and O. Rahmonov},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-30944446830&partnerID=40&md5=7944da53779daa42470aad9bcaace341},

issn = {16418190},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Polish Botanical Journal},

volume = {49},

number = {1},

pages = {93-100},

abstract = {This research on the algae flora of the sandy area of the Pustynia Błedowska desert is the first study of eupsammonic algae in this desert. This paper reports eleven species of algal taxa: six Cyanophyta, one Heterokontophyta and three Chlorophyta found in the Pustynia Błedowska desert. Most of them are reported from soil and sand habitat for the first time, and two species, Klebsormidium crenulatum (Kütz.) H. Ettl & G. Gärtner and Stichococcus chlorelloides Grintzesco & L. S. Péterfi, are new records for the flora of Poland. Illustrations, taxonomic information and biogeographical data are given for each species.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-15444378640,

title = {Mineral composition in rhizosphere of plants grown in the vicinity of a Zn-Pb ore flotation tailings pond. Preliminary study},

author = { J. Cabała and E. Teper and L. Teper and E. Małkowski and A. Rostański},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-15444378640&partnerID=40&md5=c0080db302b40be598c3ae5240f6e77f},

issn = {00015296},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica},

volume = {46},

pages = {65-73},

abstract = {Mineral forms in rhizosphere and bulk substrate were examined for selected plant species (Cardaminopsis arenosa; Calamagrostis epigeios; Deschampsia caespitosa; Festuca ovina; Silene vulgaris; Viola tricolor) growing spontaneously in the close vicinity of a tailings pond and in a zone of eolian transmission of waste particles. Samples of substrates and plant roots were taken from sites in the Bolesław orefield near Olkusz. The substrates together with plant roots were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Apart from quartz and carbonates, the most frequent mineral phases found were crystalline and amorphous Fe oxides, as well as primary Fe, Zn and Pb sulphides (marcasite; pyrite; sphalerite; galena). Hydrated Ca, Mg and Fe sulphates (gypsum; epsomite and melanterite) and other secondary minerals (smithsonite; cerussite; otavite; and Fe; K and Mg aluminosilicates) were found at larger concentrations in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil, suggesting that plant roots can change the mineral composition of the soil. © Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow 2004.},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0037003896,

title = {Geological structure and physical features of rock mass in Zawiercie Zn-Pb ore region [Budowa geologiczna i niektóre cechy fizyczne górotworu w obszarze złȯza Zn-Pb Zawiercie]},

author = { J. Cabała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037003896&partnerID=40&md5=556e50f20172305081650a6a90ec4403},

issn = {0138015X},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Publications of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Series M: Miscellanea},

volume = {24},

number = {340},

pages = {195-204},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0026364065,

title = {Shallow seismic method as a tool for resolving tectonic problems: the northeast border of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin},

author = { A.F. Idziak and L. Teper and J. Cabała},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026364065&partnerID=40&md5=379c9ae86c1f65a8ae8eef77d6750b70},

issn = {00015725},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geophysica Polonica},

volume = {39},

number = {3},

pages = {293-309},

abstract = {Presents the results of seismic measurements and tectonic analysis of the Devonian and Triassic massive in the northeast border of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, between Siewierz and Zawiercie towns. Seismic investigations were carried out in the outcrops of carbonate rocks. The strong seismic anisotropy was found in these rocks. Simultaneously tectonic structure, and fault and joint orientations were resolved from geological data. The obtained results show a close correlation between the seismic wave velocity anisotropy and the tectonic pattern in the studied area. -Authors},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}