@article{2-s2.0-85211618567,

title = {The paradoxical effects of beneficial bacteria on Solanum lycopersicum under Cd stress},

author = { M. Noszczyńska and M. Pawlik and M. Rudnicka and D. Wójcik and M. Gajecka and K. Kukucz and M. Skowronek and I.W. Potocka and Z. Piotrowska-Seget},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85211618567&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2024.125430&partnerID=40&md5=4ce49372be49e0ed95cdb86bd4376fe1},

doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125430},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {366},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {This study investigated the complex interactions between a novel consortium and tomato seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress. The consortium consists of two bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. HS4 and Paenarthrobacter sp. AS8, both with proven plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties, isolated from Cd hyperaccumulators. Our research highlights the paradoxical effects of these bacteria, revealing their dual role in reducing Cd uptake while simultaneously inducing oxidative stress in plants. Hydroponic experiments showed that the consortium reduced Cd accumulation in tomato shoots by 52% compared to uninoculated controls. However, this reduction was accompanied by decreased plant biomass and increased oxidative stress, with malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels up to 80% and 160% higher, respectively, in inoculated plants. Root H₂O₂ production increased by 38% under 50 μM Cd without a corresponding rise in catalase (CAT) activity. Despite Cd exposure, the consortium promoted chlorophyll and carotenoid synthesis, restoring pigment levels to those of unstressed controls. Gene expression analysis revealed a complex impact on stress responses, with inoculation suppressing Sl1 gene expression in roots and upregulating the oxidative stress-related GR-1 gene in shoots. These findings highlight the complex and multifaceted relationship between beneficial bacteria and plant fitness under heavy metal stress, with significant implications for sustainable agriculture. The study raises new questions regarding the broader physiological and ecological impacts of applying hyperaccumulator-associated bacteria in crop management, emphasizing the necessity for deeper mechanistic insights into these interactions to fully harness their potential in improving crop resilience and productivity. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {0},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85149128761,

title = {The Effects of 1,4-Naphthoquinone (NQ) and Naphthazarin (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, DHNQ) Individually and in Combination on Growth and Oxidative Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings},

author = { W. Karcz and Z. Burdach and M. Rudnicka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149128761&doi=10.3390%2fplants12040900&partnerID=40&md5=ad6c9862904a9ec0e860c0b5e4293ac1},

doi = {10.3390/plants12040900},

issn = {22237747},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Plants},

volume = {12},

number = {4},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {This study investigated the effects of 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) and naphthazarin (5;8-dihydroxy-1;4-naphthoquinone; DHNQ) individually and in combination, applied at low concentrations (0.1; 1; and 10 nM), on growth, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, catalase activity, and lipid peroxidation in maize seedlings. It was found that NQ at 0.1 and 1 nM and DHNQ at 0.1 nM significantly stimulated the fresh weight of the aboveground parts of the seedlings (APS), while the fresh weight of the underground parts of the seedlings (UPS) was enhanced only at 0.1 nM NQ. Interestingly, DHNQ at higher concentrations (1 and 10 nM) significantly diminished the fresh weight of the APS and UPS. When NQ and DHNQ were applied together, an increase in the fresh weight of the APS at all of the concentrations studied was observed. It was also found that NQ and DHNQ individually and in combination, at all concentrations studied, decreased the H2O2 production in the aboveground and underground parts of maize seedlings. The presence of the DHNQ at higher concentrations (1 and 10 nM) triggered an increase in the catalase (CAT) activity of the UPS and APS compared to the control. However, NQ added at 1 nM decreased the CAT activity of both the UPS and APS, while 10 nM increased the CAT activity of UPS. NQ and DHNQ applied together at 0.1 and 10 nM almost completely inhibited catalase activity in the UPS and APS. The data that were obtained for lipid peroxidation, measured as the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, indicated that NQ and DHNQ at all concentrations studied decreased the MDA content of the UPS, while both naphthoquinones increased it in APS. The data presented here are discussed taking into account the mechanisms via which naphthoquinones interact with biological systems. © 2023 by the authors.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85132818018,

title = {Outer Membrane Vesicles as Mediators of Plant–Bacterial Interactions},

author = { M. Rudnicka and M. Noszczyńska and M. Malicka and K. Kasperkiewicz and M. Pawlik and Z. Piotrowska-Seget},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132818018&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2022.902181&partnerID=40&md5=46f103a6c4d53db69a0da7d9312fbd41},

doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2022.902181},

issn = {1664302X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},

volume = {13},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {Plants have co-evolved with diverse microorganisms that have developed different mechanisms of direct and indirect interactions with their host. Recently, greater attention has been paid to a direct “message” delivery pathway from bacteria to plants, mediated by the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs produced by Gram-negative bacteria play significant roles in multiple interactions with other bacteria within the same community, the environment, and colonized hosts. The combined forces of innovative technologies and experience in the area of plant–bacterial interactions have put pressure on a detailed examination of the OMVs composition, the routes of their delivery to plant cells, and their significance in pathogenesis, protection, and plant growth promotion. This review synthesizes the available knowledge on OMVs in the context of possible mechanisms of interactions between OMVs, bacteria, and plant cells. OMVs are considered to be potential stimulators of the plant immune system, holding potential for application in plant bioprotection. Copyright © 2022 Rudnicka, Noszczyńska, Malicka, Kasperkiewicz, Pawlik and Piotrowska-Seget.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85121653518,

title = {Effect of drought and heavy metal contamination on growth and photosynthesis of silver birch trees growing on post-industrial heaps},

author = { K. Sitko and M. Opała-Owczarek and G. Jemioła and Ż. Gieroń and M. Szopiński and P. Owczarek and M. Rudnicka and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121653518&doi=10.3390%2fcells11010053&partnerID=40&md5=49e0f5180a420dc9454161db9382a90e},

doi = {10.3390/cells11010053},

issn = {20734409},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Cells},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Silver birch trees (Betula pendula Roth) are a pioneering species in post-industrial habitats, and have been associated with an expansive breeding strategy and low habitat requirements. We conducted ecophysiological and dendroclimatological studies to check whether there are any features of which the modification enables birch trees to colonise extreme habitats successfully. We characterised the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the gas exchange, the content of pigments in leaves, and the growth (leaf thickness and tree-ring width) of birch trees on a post-coal mine heap, a post-smelter heap, and a reference site. Birch growth was limited mainly by temperature and water availability during summer, and the leaves of the birch growing on postindustrial heaps were significantly thicker than the reference leaves. Moreover, birch trees growing on heaps were characterised by a significantly higher content of flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves and higher non-photochemical quenching. In addition, birches growing on the post-coal mine heap accumulated a concentration of Mn in their leaves, which is highly toxic for most plant species. Increasing the thickness of leaves, and the content of flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as efficient non-photochemical quenching seem to be important features that improve the colonization of extreme habitats by birches. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85112585300,

title = {Response of two crop plants, zea mays L. and solanum lycopersicum L., to diclofenac and naproxen},

author = { A. Siemieniuk and M. Ludynia and M. Rudnicka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112585300&doi=10.3390%2fijms22168856&partnerID=40&md5=722aa3ca679ff78e9ec1fb956546d84f},

doi = {10.3390/ijms22168856},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {22},

number = {16},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Among numerous contaminants, the ubiquitous occurrence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the environment and their plausible harmful impact on nontarget organisms have made them one of the most important areas of concern in recent years. Crop plants can also potentially be exposed to NSAIDs, since the concentration of these pharmaceuticals is constantly rising in the surface water and soil. Our goal was to evaluate the stress response of two crop plants, maize and tomato, to treatment with selected NSAIDs, naproxen and diclofenac. The focus of the research was on the growth response, photosynthetic efficiency, selected oxidative stress factors (such as the H2O2 level and the rate of lipid peroxidation) as well as the total phenolic content, which represents the non-enzymatic protectants against oxidative stress. The results indicate that susceptibility to the NSAIDs that were tested is dependent on the plant species. A higher sensitivity of tomato manifested in growth inhibition, a decrease in the content of the photosynthetic pigments and a reduction in the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII and the activity of PSII, which was estimated using the Fv/Fm and Fv/F0 ratios. Based on the growth results, it was also possible to reveal that diclofenac had a more toxic effect on tomato. In contrast to tomato, in maize, neither the content of the photosynthetic pigments nor growth appeared to be affected by DFC and NPX. However, both drugs significantly decreased in maize Fv and Fm, which are particularly sensitive to stress. A higher H2O2 concentration accompanied, in most cases, increasing lipid peroxidation, indicating that oxidative stress occurred in response to the selected NSAIDs in the plant species that were studied. The higher phenolic content of the plants after NSAIDs treatment may, in turn, indicate the activation of defense mechanisms in response to the oxidative stress that is triggered by these drugs. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099815533,

title = {Ecophysiology of Arabidopsis arenosa, a new hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn},

author = { Ż. Gieroń and K. Sitko and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and M. Szopiński and M. Rojek-Jelonek and A. Rostański and M. Rudnicka and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099815533&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2021.125052&partnerID=40&md5=88d8211a77cf4282548591dddcd9342b},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125052},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {412},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Arabidopsis arenosa is a pseudo-metallophyte, closely related to the model hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn Arabidopsis halleri. A. arenosa occurs naturally in both diploid (2C) and tetraploid (4C) form, in contrast to A. halleri in which only diploid forms were found. Moreover, A. arenosa similarly to A. halleri often occupies heavy metal (HM) contaminated sites. Nevertheless, knowledge about the ecophysiology of this species is very limited. Therefore, we examined fourteen populations of A. arenosa of different ploidy from Central Europe in situ, focusing on photosynthetic efficiency, pigment content and ability to accumulate selected elements. The presented results indicate that several tetraploid populations exhibit the features of Cd and Zn hyperaccumulation. On the one hand, we noted differences in physiological parameters between the studied populations, on the other, harshness of the environment caused similar physiological response such as high HM pollution. All these features suggest that A. arenosa, especially as a new hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn and autopolyploidyzation model, may be considered a very interesting research object, particularly when investigating the mechanisms of HMs accumulation and tolerance in plants. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85088658034,

title = {Enhancing the CO2 capturing ability in leaf via xenobiotic auxin uptake},

author = { M. Kapkowski and M. Ludynia and M. Rudnicka and M. Dzida and E. Zorębski and M. Musiał and M. Doležal and J. Polanski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088658034&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2020.141032&partnerID=40&md5=12dd8848414c0aaacdd414b283ab1142},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141032},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {745},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Plants are masterpieces of evolution that is based on carbon chemistry. In particular, plant leaves are biosynthetic factories able to convert CO2 into carbohydrates and oxygen. It is worth noting that mimicking the efficiency of a natural plant and natural leaf is still a challenge for contemporary chemistry. We can even better realize this when we notice that a plant and an industrial factory are equivalent in meaning. On the other hand, green technologies are under development in a quest for the artificial leaf. If we could modify the synthetic pathways in leaves, we could also design green chemistry schemes in natural leaves to produce useful chemicals or to digest wastes or toxins. Specifically, can we intensify the potential for capturing atmospheric CO2 in leaves? Auxins are plant hormones that control the growth and development of plants. Herein, we determined whether we could efficiently transport xenobiotic auxin into leaves and if so, whether this supply could enhance the metabolism and CO2 capturing ability. By exploring a series of dioxolanes as potential enhancers of auxin transport, we discovered for the first time that a small molecular compound, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (DMD), enhances the xenobiotic auxin transport to leaves, which boosts the metabolism that is measured by H2O2 production as well as CO2 capturing ability in leaves. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85064822948,

title = {Effects of naphthazarin (DHNQ) combined with lawsone (NQ-2-OH) or 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) on the auxin-induced growth of zea mays L. coleoptile segments},

author = { M. Rudnicka and M. Ludynia and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064822948&doi=10.3390%2fijms20071788&partnerID=40&md5=519ba84ec7918f2374c28a97c20e6518},

doi = {10.3390/ijms20071788},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {20},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Naphthoquinones, plants secondary metabolites are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-parasitic properties. The biological activity of naphthoquinones is connected with their ability to generate reactive oxygen species and to modify biological molecules at their nucleophilic sites. In our research, the effect of naphthazarin (DHNQ) combined with 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ-2-OH) or 1,4-naphthoquinone (1;4-NQ) on the elongation growth, pH changes of the incubation medium, oxidative stress and redox activity of maize coleoptile cells were investigated. This paper describes experiments performed with maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile segments, which is a classical model system to study plant cell elongation growth. The data presented clearly demonstrate that lawsone and 1,4-naphthoquinone combined with naphthazarin, at low concentrations (1 and 10 nM), reduced the endogenous and IAA-induced (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) elongation growth of maize coleoptile segments. Those changes in growth correlated with the proton concentration in the incubation medium, which suggests that the changes in the growth of maize coleoptile segments observed in the presence of naphthoquinones are mediated through the activity of PM H+-ATPase. The presence of naphthoquinones induced oxidative stress in the maize coleoptile tissue by producing hydrogen peroxide and causing changes in the redox activity. Moreover, the incubation of maize segments with both naphthoquinones combined with naphthazarin resulted in lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. The regulation of PM H+-ATPase activity, especially its inhibition, may result from two major types of reaction: first, a direct interaction between an enzyme and naphthoquinone, which leads to the covalent modification of the protein thiols and the generation of thioethers, which have been found to alter the activity of the PM H+-ATPases; second, naphthoquinones induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which inhibits PM H+-ATPases by increasing cytosolic Ca2+ . This harmful effect was stronger when naphthazarin and 1,4-naphthoquinone were added together. Taking these results into account, it can be suggested that by combining naphthoquinones in small quantities, an alternative to synthetic pesticides could be developed. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85062730921,

title = {The effect of naphthazarin on the growth, electrogenicity, oxidative stress, and microtubule array in Z. Mays coleoptile cells treated with IAA},

author = { M. Rudnicka and M. Ludynia and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062730921&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2018.01940&partnerID=40&md5=152e6cc69e812dbcc06e9ae50a10b1fb},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2018.01940},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {9},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {Naphthazarin (5;8-dihydroxy-1;4-naphthoquinone; DHNQ) is a naturally occurring 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative. In this study, we focused on elucidating the toxic effect of this secondary metabolite on the growth of plant cells. The dose–response curves that were obtained for the effects of DHNQ on endogenous and IAA-induced growth in maize coleoptile segments differ in shape; in the first case, it is linear, while in the presence of auxin it is bell-shaped with the maximum at 1 µM. It was found that DHNQ at almost all concentrations studied, when added to the incubation medium inhibited endogenous growth (excluding naphthazarin at 0.001 µM) as well as growth in the presence of IAA. Simultaneous measurements of the growth and external medium pH of coleoptile segments indicated that DHNQ diminished or eliminated proton extrusion at all of the concentrations that were used. Interestingly, the oxidative stress in maize coleoptile cells, which was measured as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production, catalase activity, redox activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased at the lower concentrations of DHNQ (<1 µM), thus suggesting a specific character of its action. It was also found that naphthazarin at concentration higher than 0.1 µM caused the depolarization of the membrane potential (E m ). An analysis of the organization and anisotropy of the cortical microtubules showed that naphthazarin at all of the concentrations that were studied changed the IAA-induced transverse microtubule reorientation to an oblique reorientation. Our results indicate that naphthazarin diminished the growth of maize coleoptile cells by a broad spectrum of its toxic effects, thereby suggesting that naphthazarin might be a hypothetical component of new bioherbicides and biopesticides. © 2019 Rudnicka, Ludynia and Karcz.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85029784691,

title = {A comparison of the effects of 1,4-naphthoquinone and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lawsone) on indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-induced growth of maize coleoptile cells},

author = { M. Rudnicka and M. Ludynia and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029784691&doi=10.1007%2fs10725-017-0325-9&partnerID=40&md5=ef2c82714d7abab030552a7db9f7ed59},

doi = {10.1007/s10725-017-0325-9},

issn = {01676903},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Plant Growth Regulation},

volume = {84},

number = {1},

pages = {107-122},

publisher = {Springer Netherlands},

abstract = {The effects of 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ-2-OH) on indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-induced growth, medium pH changes and membrane potential (Em) in maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile cells were determined. In addition, the redox cycling properties of both naphthoquinones were also compared. The dose-response curves constructed for the effects of NQ and NQ-2-OH on endogenous and IAA-induced growth differ in shape. It was found that NQ was by 10–50% more effective in inhibiting IAA-induced growth in maize coleoptile segments than NQ-2-OH. Simultaneous measurements of growth and external medium pH indicated that NQ and NQ-2-OH reduced or eliminated proton extrusion at all of the concentrations used, excluding NQ at 1 µM. It was found that both naphthoquinones at concentrations higher than 10 µM caused the depolarisation of the membrane potential (Em). Additionally, compared to the controls, NQ- and NQ-2-OH-exposure of coleoptile segments, at concentrations higher than 10 µM, caused an elevation of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and plasma membrane redox activity. The highest catalase activity was observed at 10 µM NQ and it was ca. 18-fold greater (at 4 h) than in the control medium. Moreover, it was also found that NQ and NQ-2-OH, at all concentrations studied, increased the malondialdehyde content of coleoptile segments at 4 h of the experiment. The data presented here are discussed taking into account the “acid growth hypothesis” of auxin action and the mechanisms by which naphthoquinones interact with biological systems. © 2017, The Author(s).},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84895745980,

title = {Cellular responses to naphthoquinones: Juglone as a case study},

author = { M. Rudnicka and M. Polak and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84895745980&doi=10.1007%2fs10725-013-9855-y&partnerID=40&md5=314ebb826b8ec7b8e6e84e571cd491fe},

doi = {10.1007/s10725-013-9855-y},

issn = {01676903},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Plant Growth Regulation},

volume = {72},

number = {3},

pages = {239-248},

publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},

abstract = {The effects of juglone (JG) on the endogenous growth, growth in the presence of either indoleacetic acid (IAA) or fusicoccin (FC) and on proton extrusion were studied in maize coleoptile segments. In addition, membrane potential changes were also determined at chosen JG concentrations. It was found that JG, when added to the incubation medium, inhibited endogenous growth as well as growth in the presence of either IAA or FC. Simultaneous measurements of growth and external pH indicated that inhibition of either IAA-induced growth or proton extrusion by JG was a linear function of JG concentration. Addition of JG to the control medium caused depolarization of the membrane potential (Em), value of which was dependent on JG concentration and time after its administration. Hyperpolarization of Em induced by IAA was suppressed in the presence of JG. It was also found that for coleoptile segments initially preincubated with JG, although subsequently removed, addition of IAA was not effective in the stimulation of growth and medium acidification. Taken together, these results suggest that the mechanism by which JG inhibits the IAA-induced growth of maize coleoptile segments involves inhibition of PM H+-ATPase activity. © 2013 The Author(s).},

note = {22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}