@article{2-s2.0-85165555925,

title = {Climate indices of environmental change in the High Arctic: Study from Hornsund, SW Spitsbergen, 1979-2019},

author = { K. Migała and E. Łepkowska and M. Osuch and Ł. Stachnik and T. Wawrzyniak and D. Ignatiuk and P. Owczarek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165555925&doi=10.24425%2fppr.2022.143316&partnerID=40&md5=f2f6f03fd951811321715c932ceb93a4},

doi = {10.24425/ppr.2022.143316},

issn = {01380338},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Polish Polar Research},

volume = {44},

number = {2},

pages = {91-126},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {An analysis of a suite of climatological indices was undertaken on the basis of long-term (1979-2019) climatological data from the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, SW Spitsbergen. It was followed by an attempt to assess the scale of their impact on the local environment. The temperature and precipitation indices were based on percentiles of the variables calculated for a population of daily values from the climate normals for 1981- 2010. A greater share of both cyclonic and anticyclonic circulations from the S and SW sectors, forcing the advection of warm air masses from the south, was decisive for the trends of change in comparison with the long-term mean. Both extreme precipitation and drought events depend on the 500 hPa geopotential height and precipitable water anomalies, determined by the baric field over the North Atlantic. Climate changes impact on the dynamics of local geoecosystems by causing faster glacier ablation and retreat, permafrost degradation, intensification of the hydrological cycle in glaciated and unglaciated catchments, and changes in the condition and growth of tundra vegetation. © 2023. Krzysztof Migała, Elzbieta Łepkowska, Marzena Osuch, Łukasz Stachnik, Tomasz Wawrzyniak, Dariusz Ignatiuk and Piotr Owczarek.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85122617715,

title = {Changes in the flow regime of High Arctic catchments with different stages of glaciation, SW Spitsbergen},

author = { M. Osuch and T. Wawrzyniak and E. Łepkowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122617715&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2022.152924&partnerID=40&md5=19491f6fec4fcfa8594b2d1534fda941},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152924},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {817},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study investigates the response of four High Arctic catchments with differing proportions of glacierization to changing climatic conditions. The study area located in SW Spitsbergen, has experienced a warming of 4.5 °C in the last 40 years along with a large increase in autumn rainfall. The changes in flow regime were determined based on available hydro-meteorological data and simulations of a semi-distributed rainfall-runoff model, which allowed reconstruction of streamflow in the period 1979–2020 and trend analyses for each calendar day. Similar trends of change were detected in all studied catchments. These include earlier onset of snowmelt driven floods (by two weeks over the period of analysis), large increases in autumn flows, prolongation of the hydrologically active season (starts earlier and lasts longer), decrease in flows in the latter half of June and the early part of August (except for the Breelva catchment). As a result of increases in autumn precipitation, the flood regime in these catchments has changed from snowmelt-dominated to the bi-modal with peaks in both July/August and September. The results also indicate differences in the magnitude of hydrological response depending on the percentage of glacial coverage in the catchments. The larger the glacierized area is, the larger the changes in the flow regime. The hydrological regime of SW Spitsbergen catchments has undergone dramatic changes over the last four decades. Such a shift in hydro-climatic conditions is larger than that observed in lower latitudes and has significant environmental implications. © 2022},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85065815422,

title = {Aluminium in glacial meltwater demonstrates an association with nutrient export (Werenskiöldbreen, Svalbard)},

author = { Ł. Stachnik and J.C. Yde and A.P. Nawrot and Ł. Uzarowicz and E. Łepkowska and K. Kozak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85065815422&doi=10.1002%2fhyp.13426&partnerID=40&md5=55f09cbe672e612ba7b78e2167fb60ba},

doi = {10.1002/hyp.13426},

issn = {08856087},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Hydrological Processes},

volume = {33},

number = {12},

pages = {1638-1657},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {The aluminium (Al) cycle in glacierised basins has not received a great deal of attention in studies of biogeochemical cycles. As Al may be toxic for biota, it is important to investigate the processes leading to its release into the environment. It has not yet been ascertained whether filterable Al (passing through a pore size of 0.45 μm) is incorporated into biogeochemical cycles in glacierised basins. Our study aims to determine the relationship between the processes bringing filterable Al and glacier-derived filterable nutrients (particularly Fe and Si) into glacierised basins. We investigated the Werenskiöldbreen basin (44.1 km2; 60% glacierised) situated in SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard. In 2011, we collected meltwater from a subglacial portal at the glacier front and at a downstream hydrometric station throughout the ablation season. The Al concentration, unchanged between the subglacial system and proglacial zone, reveals that aluminosilicate weathering is a dominant source of filterable Al under subglacial conditions. By examining the Al:Fe ratio compared with pH and the sulphate mass fraction index, we found that the proton source for subglacial aluminosilicate weathering is mainly associated with sulphide oxidation and, to a lesser degree, with hydrolysis and carbonation. In subglacial outflows and in the glacial river, Al and Fe are primarily in the forms of Al(OH)4- and Fe(OH)3. The annual filterable Al yield (2.7 mmol m-2) was of a magnitude similar to that of nutrients such as filterable Fe (3.0 mmol m-2) and lower than that of dissolved Si (18.5 mmol m-2). Our results show that filterable Al concentrations in meltwater are significantly correlated to filterable and dissolved glacier-derived nutrients (Fe and Si; respectively) concentrations in glaciers worldwide. We conclude that a potential bioavailable Al pool derived from glacierised basins may be incorporated in biogeochemical cycles, as it is strongly related to the concentrations and yields of glacier-derived nutrients. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84963967731,

title = {Chemical denudation and the role of sulfide oxidation at Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard},

author = { Ł. Stachnik and E. Majchrowska and J.C. Yde and A.P. Nawrot and K. Cichała-Kamrowska and D. Ignatiuk and A.M. Piechota},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84963967731&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhydrol.2016.03.059&partnerID=40&md5=221b35ed0f8ef7fbafa4c907ab3737c0},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.059},

issn = {00221694},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hydrology},

volume = {538},

pages = {177-193},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study aims to determine the rate of chemical denudation and the relationships between dominant geochemical reactions operating in the proglacial and subglacial environments of the polythermal glacier Werenskioldbreen (SW Svalbard) during an entire ablation season. Water sampling for major ion chemistry was performed at a proglacial hydrometric station and from subglacial outflows from May to September 2011. These data were combined with measurements of discharge and supraglacial ablation rates. The slopes and intercepts in best-fit regressions of [*Ca2+ + *Mg2+ vs. *SO42-] and [HCO3- vs. *SO42-] in meltwater from ice-marginal subglacial channels were close to the stoichiometric parameters of sulfide oxidation and simple hydrolysis coupled to carbonate dissolution (*concentrations corrected for input of sea-salt). This shows that these relationships predominates the meltwater chemistry. Our findings also show that sulfide oxidation is a better indicator of the configuration of subglacial drainage systems than, for instance, Na+ and K+. In the proglacial area and in sub-artesian outflows, the ion associations represent sulfide oxidation but other processes such as ion exchange and dissolution of Ca and Mg efflorescent salts may also contribute to the solute variations. These processes may cause enhanced fluxes of Ca2+ and HCO3- from glacierized basins during the early ablation and peak flow seasons as the proglacial salts re-dissolve. The overall chemical denudation rate in the basin for 2011 (ranging from 1601 to 1762 meq m-2 yr-1 (121.9 to 132.2 t km-2 yr-1)) was very high when compared to other Svalbard valley glaciers suggesting that the high rate of chemical denudation was mostly caused by the high rates of discharge and ablation. Chemical weathering intensities (876 and 964 meq m-3 yr-1) exceeded previously reported intensities in Svalbard. © 2016 Elsevier B.V..},

note = {35},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84942924769,

title = {Seasonal and interannual variability in runoff from the Werenskioldbreen catchment, Spitsbergen},

author = { E. Majchrowska and D. Ignatiuk and J.A. Jania and H. Marszałek and M. Wasik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84942924769&doi=10.1515%2fpopore-2015-0014&partnerID=40&md5=c65da3b304e56cf84d374a037d41d9f4},

doi = {10.1515/popore-2015-0014},

issn = {01380338},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Polish Polar Research},

volume = {36},

number = {3},

pages = {197-224},

publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},

abstract = {The results from a hydrological monitoring program of Breelva basin (Spits-bergen; Svalbard) have been analysed to improve the understanding of the Werenskiöld Glacier system's functioning in the High Arctic. Hydrographs of a 44 km2 river basin (27 km2 of which was covered by a glacier) were analysed for the period 2007-2012. Sea-sonal discharge fluctuations were linked to glacier ablation and meteorological parameters, including atmospheric circulation types. A dichotomy was found in the discharge peaks generation during the hydrologically active season, with the main role played by snow and ice melt events during its first part and the rainfall regime dominating its second part. Foehn type strong winds played a significant role in the generation of ablation type floods (e.g. in August 2011). A simple classification of the runoff regime was applied to the examined six-year period, resulting in the identification of its three types: the ablation type (dominant in 2007 and 2009), the rainfall type (in the years 2011-2012), and the mixed type (during 2008 and 2010). According to publications the river flow season in Spitsbergen begins in June and end with freeze-up in September or at the beginning of October. Recently, this sea-son for Breelva tend to be extended with the mid-May onset and end in the second part of October. A multiannual trend was noted that reflects a growing importance of rainfalls, especially in September. Rainfall waters play a more distinct role in outflow from the Breelva catchment recently. © 2015 Polish Academy of Sciences.},

note = {22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}