• dr Joanna Elsner
Stanowisko: Adiunkt
Jednostka: Wydział Nauk Przyrodniczych
Adres: 40-032 Katowice, ul. Jagiellońska 28
Piętro: III
Numer pokoju: C-345
Telefon: (32) 2009 572
E-mail: joanna.elsner@us.edu.pl
Spis publikacji: Spis wg CINiBA
Spis publikacji: Spis wg OPUS
Scopus Author ID: 55159386200
Publikacje z bazy Scopus
2025
Elsner, J.; Kwiatkowska, D.; Borowska-Wykręt, D.
Three levels of heterogeneity – growth of Arabidopsis leaf epidermis Journal Article
In: BMC Plant Biology, vol. 25, no. 1, 2025, ISSN: 14712229, (0).
@article{2-s2.0-86000093777,
title = {Three levels of heterogeneity – growth of Arabidopsis leaf epidermis},
author = { J. Elsner and D. Kwiatkowska and D. Borowska-Wykręt},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000093777&doi=10.1186%2fs12870-025-06259-6&partnerID=40&md5=225912a4d2251b1eec14ab0153061a54},
doi = {10.1186/s12870-025-06259-6},
issn = {14712229},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {BMC Plant Biology},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd},
abstract = {Background: Growth of leaf epidermis is symplastic, i.e. cell contacts are preserved, but strongly heterogeneous because of variation in cell identity and differentiation status. Heterogeneous growth requires coordination to allow a predictable leaf shape to be formed. Here we investigate growth heterogeneity and coordination using expanding leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as a model system. We first analyse relationships between heterogeneity of epidermis growth at different scales: from subcellular via cellular to tissue scale. Next, based on the heterogeneity analysis, we verify the hypothesis that growth heterogeneity and coordination are affected by microtubule defects in mor1-1 mutant treated with high temperature. Results: Using microbeads labelling and original protocols to compute growth we show high growth heterogeneity of epidermal pavement cells at cellular and subcellular scales, and influence of stomata lineage on pavement cells growth. However, despite this high growth variation between cells (cellular scale) and within cells (subcellular scale), growth coordination is revealed at the tissue (supracellular) scale by the pattern of streamlines that follow subcellular growth directions. In leaf epidermis of mor1-1 plants treated with high temperature we reveal local disturbances in growth coordination, which are related to contact changes between cells that are likely a consequence of aberrant cytokinesis and reduction of cell adhesion. Otherwise, the growth pattern in high-temperature treated mor1-1 is similar to the non-treated mor1-1 and wild type. The high temperature treatment results only in a tendency to increase growth heterogeneity in the mutant more than in wild type grown in the same conditions. Conclusions: Overall, our study reveals high heterogeneity of growth within and between cells of leaf epidermis. Despite this heterogeneity, a defined supracellular growth pattern exists that changes in time. Our analysis shows only a weak and likely indirect influence of defective microtubules on leaf epidermis growth. © The Author(s) 2025.},
note = {0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Growth of leaf epidermis is symplastic, i.e. cell contacts are preserved, but strongly heterogeneous because of variation in cell identity and differentiation status. Heterogeneous growth requires coordination to allow a predictable leaf shape to be formed. Here we investigate growth heterogeneity and coordination using expanding leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as a model system. We first analyse relationships between heterogeneity of epidermis growth at different scales: from subcellular via cellular to tissue scale. Next, based on the heterogeneity analysis, we verify the hypothesis that growth heterogeneity and coordination are affected by microtubule defects in mor1-1 mutant treated with high temperature. Results: Using microbeads labelling and original protocols to compute growth we show high growth heterogeneity of epidermal pavement cells at cellular and subcellular scales, and influence of stomata lineage on pavement cells growth. However, despite this high growth variation between cells (cellular scale) and within cells (subcellular scale), growth coordination is revealed at the tissue (supracellular) scale by the pattern of streamlines that follow subcellular growth directions. In leaf epidermis of mor1-1 plants treated with high temperature we reveal local disturbances in growth coordination, which are related to contact changes between cells that are likely a consequence of aberrant cytokinesis and reduction of cell adhesion. Otherwise, the growth pattern in high-temperature treated mor1-1 is similar to the non-treated mor1-1 and wild type. The high temperature treatment results only in a tendency to increase growth heterogeneity in the mutant more than in wild type grown in the same conditions. Conclusions: Overall, our study reveals high heterogeneity of growth within and between cells of leaf epidermis. Despite this heterogeneity, a defined supracellular growth pattern exists that changes in time. Our analysis shows only a weak and likely indirect influence of defective microtubules on leaf epidermis growth. © The Author(s) 2025.
2018
Elsner, J.; Lipowczan, M.; Kwiatkowska, D.
Differential growth of pavement cells of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf epidermis as revealed by microbead labeling Journal Article
In: American Journal of Botany, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 257-265, 2018, ISSN: 00029122, (20).
@article{2-s2.0-85041997672,
title = {Differential growth of pavement cells of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf epidermis as revealed by microbead labeling},
author = { J. Elsner and M. Lipowczan and D. Kwiatkowska},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041997672&doi=10.1002%2fajb2.1021&partnerID=40&md5=a8c25e42eb1cfdb5b52acfb3b36e871c},
doi = {10.1002/ajb2.1021},
issn = {00029122},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Botany},
volume = {105},
number = {2},
pages = {257-265},
publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
abstract = {Premise of the Study: In numerous vascular plants, pavement cells of the leaf epidermis are shaped like a jigsaw-puzzle piece. Knowledge about the subcellular pattern of growth that accompanies morphogenesis of such a complex shape is crucial for studies of the role of the cytoskeleton, cell wall and phytohormones in plant cell development. Because the detailed growth pattern of the anticlinal and periclinal cell walls remains unknown, our aim was to measure pavement cell growth at a subcellular resolution. Methods: Using fluorescent microbeads applied to the surface of the adaxial leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis thaliana as landmarks for growth computation, we directly assessed the growth rates for the outer periclinal and anticlinal cell walls at a subcellular scale. Key Results: We observed complementary tendencies in the growth pattern of the outer periclinal and anticlinal cell walls. Central portions of periclinal walls were characterized by relatively slow growth, while growth of the other wall portions was heterogeneous. Local growth of the periclinal walls accompanying lobe development after initiation was relatively fast and anisotropic, with maximal extension usually in the direction along the lobe axis. This growth pattern of the periclinal walls was complemented by the extension of the anticlinal walls, which was faster on the lobe sides than at the tips. Conclusions: Growth of the anticlinal and outer periclinal walls of leaf pavement cells is heterogeneous. The growth of the lobes resembles cell elongation via diffuse growth rather than tip growth. © 2018 Botanical Society of America},
note = {20},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Premise of the Study: In numerous vascular plants, pavement cells of the leaf epidermis are shaped like a jigsaw-puzzle piece. Knowledge about the subcellular pattern of growth that accompanies morphogenesis of such a complex shape is crucial for studies of the role of the cytoskeleton, cell wall and phytohormones in plant cell development. Because the detailed growth pattern of the anticlinal and periclinal cell walls remains unknown, our aim was to measure pavement cell growth at a subcellular resolution. Methods: Using fluorescent microbeads applied to the surface of the adaxial leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis thaliana as landmarks for growth computation, we directly assessed the growth rates for the outer periclinal and anticlinal cell walls at a subcellular scale. Key Results: We observed complementary tendencies in the growth pattern of the outer periclinal and anticlinal cell walls. Central portions of periclinal walls were characterized by relatively slow growth, while growth of the other wall portions was heterogeneous. Local growth of the periclinal walls accompanying lobe development after initiation was relatively fast and anisotropic, with maximal extension usually in the direction along the lobe axis. This growth pattern of the periclinal walls was complemented by the extension of the anticlinal walls, which was faster on the lobe sides than at the tips. Conclusions: Growth of the anticlinal and outer periclinal walls of leaf pavement cells is heterogeneous. The growth of the lobes resembles cell elongation via diffuse growth rather than tip growth. © 2018 Botanical Society of America
2013
Lipowczan, M.; Piekarska-Stachowiak, A.; Elsner, J.; Pietrakowski, J.
The tensor-based model of plant growth applied to leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana: A two-dimensional computer model Journal Article
In: Comptes Rendus - Biologies, vol. 336, no. 9, pp. 425-432, 2013, ISSN: 16310691, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-84886726393,
title = {The tensor-based model of plant growth applied to leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana: A two-dimensional computer model},
author = { M. Lipowczan and A. Piekarska-Stachowiak and J. Elsner and J. Pietrakowski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84886726393&doi=10.1016%2fj.crvi.2013.09.001&partnerID=40&md5=e404b4fe93dc95ae0c5377886c53be45},
doi = {10.1016/j.crvi.2013.09.001},
issn = {16310691},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Comptes Rendus - Biologies},
volume = {336},
number = {9},
pages = {425-432},
abstract = {Plant organs grow in coordinated and continuous way. Such growth is of a tensor nature, hence there is an infinite number of different directions of growth rate in each point of the growing organ. Three mutually orthogonal directions of growth can be recognized in which growth achieves extreme values (principal directions of growth [PDGs]). Models based on the growth tensor have already been successfully applied to the root and shoot apex. This paper presents the 2D model of growth applied to the arabidopsis leaf. The model employs the growth tensor method with a non-stationary velocity field. The postulated velocity functions are confirmed by growth measurements with the aid of the replica method. © 2013 Académie des sciences.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Plant organs grow in coordinated and continuous way. Such growth is of a tensor nature, hence there is an infinite number of different directions of growth rate in each point of the growing organ. Three mutually orthogonal directions of growth can be recognized in which growth achieves extreme values (principal directions of growth [PDGs]). Models based on the growth tensor have already been successfully applied to the root and shoot apex. This paper presents the 2D model of growth applied to the arabidopsis leaf. The model employs the growth tensor method with a non-stationary velocity field. The postulated velocity functions are confirmed by growth measurements with the aid of the replica method. © 2013 Académie des sciences.
Borowska-Wykręt, D.; Elsner, J.; Veylder, L. De; Kwiatkowska, D.
Defects in leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with CDKA;1 activity reduced in the shoot apical meristem Journal Article
In: Protoplasma, vol. 250, no. 4, pp. 955-961, 2013, ISSN: 0033183X, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-84881023371,
title = {Defects in leaf epidermis of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with CDKA;1 activity reduced in the shoot apical meristem},
author = { D. Borowska-Wykręt and J. Elsner and L. De Veylder and D. Kwiatkowska},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84881023371&doi=10.1007%2fs00709-012-0472-9&partnerID=40&md5=a1c573c5e5706393384cf55385b3faa8},
doi = {10.1007/s00709-012-0472-9},
issn = {0033183X},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Protoplasma},
volume = {250},
number = {4},
pages = {955-961},
abstract = {In Arabidopsis thaliana, like in other dicots, the shoot epidermis originates from protodermis, the outermost cell layer of shoot apical meristem. We examined leaf epidermis in transgenic A. thaliana plants in which CDKA;1.N146, a negative dominant allele of A-type cyclin-dependent kinase, was expressed from the SHOOTMERISTEMLESS promoter, i.e., in the shoot apical meristem. Using cleared whole mount preparations of expanding leaves and sequential in vivo replicas of expanding leaf surface, we show that dominant-negative CDKA;1 expression results in defects in epidermis continuity: loss of individual cells and occurrence of gaps between anticlinal walls of neighboring pavement cells. Another striking feature is ingrowth-like invaginations of anticlinal cell walls of pavement cells. Their formation is related to various processes: expansion of cells surrounding the sites of cell loss, defected cytokinesis, and presumably also, the actual ingrowth of an anticlinal cell wall. The mutant exhibits also increased variation in cell size and locally reduced waviness of anticlinal walls of pavement cells. These unusual features of leaf epidermis phenotype may shed a new light on our knowledge on morphogenesis of jigsaw puzzle-shaped pavement cells and on the CDKA;1 role in regulation of plant development via influence on cytoskeleton and plant cell wall. © 2012 The Author(s).},
note = {7},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In Arabidopsis thaliana, like in other dicots, the shoot epidermis originates from protodermis, the outermost cell layer of shoot apical meristem. We examined leaf epidermis in transgenic A. thaliana plants in which CDKA;1.N146, a negative dominant allele of A-type cyclin-dependent kinase, was expressed from the SHOOTMERISTEMLESS promoter, i.e., in the shoot apical meristem. Using cleared whole mount preparations of expanding leaves and sequential in vivo replicas of expanding leaf surface, we show that dominant-negative CDKA;1 expression results in defects in epidermis continuity: loss of individual cells and occurrence of gaps between anticlinal walls of neighboring pavement cells. Another striking feature is ingrowth-like invaginations of anticlinal cell walls of pavement cells. Their formation is related to various processes: expansion of cells surrounding the sites of cell loss, defected cytokinesis, and presumably also, the actual ingrowth of an anticlinal cell wall. The mutant exhibits also increased variation in cell size and locally reduced waviness of anticlinal walls of pavement cells. These unusual features of leaf epidermis phenotype may shed a new light on our knowledge on morphogenesis of jigsaw puzzle-shaped pavement cells and on the CDKA;1 role in regulation of plant development via influence on cytoskeleton and plant cell wall. © 2012 The Author(s).
2012
Elsner, J.; Michalski, M.; Kwiatkowska, D.
In: Annals of Botany, vol. 109, no. 5, pp. 897-910, 2012, ISSN: 03057364, (73).
@article{2-s2.0-84859182833,
title = {Spatiotemporal variation of leaf epidermal cell growth: A quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants},
author = { J. Elsner and M. Michalski and D. Kwiatkowska},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84859182833&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcs005&partnerID=40&md5=ecf79842e00f33629b47dbdee5e583e9},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcs005},
issn = {03057364},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Annals of Botany},
volume = {109},
number = {5},
pages = {897-910},
abstract = {Background and Aims The epidermis of an expanding dicot leaf is a mosaic of cells differing in identity, size and differentiation stage. Here hypotheses are tested that in such a cell mosaic growth is heterogeneous and changes with time, and that this heterogeneity is not dependent on the cell cycle regulation per se. Methods Shape, size and growth of individual cells were followed with the aid of sequential replicas in expanding leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants, and combined with ploidy estimation using epi-fluorescence microscopy. Key Results Relative growth rates in area of individual epidermal cells or small cell groups differ several fold from those of adjacent cells, and change in time. This spatial and temporal variation is not related to the size of either the cell or the nucleus. Shape changes and growth within an individual cell are also heterogeneous: anticlinal wall waviness appears at different times in different wall portions; portions of the cell periphery in contact with different neighbours grow with different rates. This variation is not related to cell growth anisotropy. The heterogeneity is typical for both the wild type and cycD3. Conclusions Growth of leaf epidermis exhibits spatiotemporal variability. © The Author 2012.},
note = {73},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background and Aims The epidermis of an expanding dicot leaf is a mosaic of cells differing in identity, size and differentiation stage. Here hypotheses are tested that in such a cell mosaic growth is heterogeneous and changes with time, and that this heterogeneity is not dependent on the cell cycle regulation per se. Methods Shape, size and growth of individual cells were followed with the aid of sequential replicas in expanding leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants, and combined with ploidy estimation using epi-fluorescence microscopy. Key Results Relative growth rates in area of individual epidermal cells or small cell groups differ several fold from those of adjacent cells, and change in time. This spatial and temporal variation is not related to the size of either the cell or the nucleus. Shape changes and growth within an individual cell are also heterogeneous: anticlinal wall waviness appears at different times in different wall portions; portions of the cell periphery in contact with different neighbours grow with different rates. This variation is not related to cell growth anisotropy. The heterogeneity is typical for both the wild type and cycD3. Conclusions Growth of leaf epidermis exhibits spatiotemporal variability. © The Author 2012.
2008
Elsner, J.
Effect of steady torque twisting on the orientation of cortical microtubules in the epidermis of the sunflower hypocotyl Journal Article
In: Plant Biology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 422-432, 2008, ISSN: 14358603, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-45149125853,
title = {Effect of steady torque twisting on the orientation of cortical microtubules in the epidermis of the sunflower hypocotyl},
author = { J. Elsner},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-45149125853&doi=10.1111%2fj.1438-8677.2008.00052.x&partnerID=40&md5=3a875c67ef723cf6fb385c39101c7519},
doi = {10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00052.x},
issn = {14358603},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Plant Biology},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {422-432},
abstract = {Orientation of cortical microtubules (cMTs) is suggested to be affected by mechanical stress existing in cell walls. However, in mutants exhibiting helical (chiral) growth, there is a correlation between orientation of cMTs in outer tissues and helical growth direction. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of a chiral mechanical stimulation on cMTs. For this purpose, the orientation of cMTs was investigated in hypocotyls subjected to either a right- or a left-handed twist, resulting from a steady torque. cMTs were visualised in fixed material using the immunofluorescence method. The cMTs in untouched control hypocotyls were mostly transverse with respect to the cell long axis. In immobilised, but not twisted control hypocotyls, the transverse orientation was also most frequent, while applied twisting resulted in a change in cMT orientation from transverse to oblique. The data provide additional evidence that changes in tissue stress can be reorganized by cortical microtubules. © 2008 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Orientation of cortical microtubules (cMTs) is suggested to be affected by mechanical stress existing in cell walls. However, in mutants exhibiting helical (chiral) growth, there is a correlation between orientation of cMTs in outer tissues and helical growth direction. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of a chiral mechanical stimulation on cMTs. For this purpose, the orientation of cMTs was investigated in hypocotyls subjected to either a right- or a left-handed twist, resulting from a steady torque. cMTs were visualised in fixed material using the immunofluorescence method. The cMTs in untouched control hypocotyls were mostly transverse with respect to the cell long axis. In immobilised, but not twisted control hypocotyls, the transverse orientation was also most frequent, while applied twisting resulted in a change in cMT orientation from transverse to oblique. The data provide additional evidence that changes in tissue stress can be reorganized by cortical microtubules. © 2008 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.