2023
Pearce, E. A.; Mazier, F.; Normand, S.; Fyfe, R. M.; Andrieu, V.; Bakels, C. C.; Balwierz, Z.; Bińka, K.; Boreham, S.; Borisova, O. K.; Broström, A.; de Beaulieu, J. L.; Gao, C.; González-Sampériz, P.; Granoszewski, W.; Hrynowiecka, A.; Kołaczek, P.; Kuneš, P.; Magri, D.; Malkiewicz, M.; Mighall, T. M.; Milner, A. M.; Saati-Santamaría, Z.; Nita, M.; Noryśkiewicz, B.; Pidek, I. A.; Reille, M.; Robertsson, A. M.; Salonen, J. S.; Schläfli, P.; Schokker, J.; Scussolini, P.; Šeirienė, V.; Strahl, J.; Urban, B.; Winter, H.; Svenning, J. C.
Substantial light woodland and open vegetation characterized the temperate forest biome before Homo sapiens Journal Article
In: Science Advances, vol. 9, no. 45, 2023, ISSN: 23752548, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-85176391045,
title = {Substantial light woodland and open vegetation characterized the temperate forest biome before Homo sapiens},
author = { E.A. Pearce and F. Mazier and S. Normand and R.M. Fyfe and V. Andrieu and C.C. Bakels and Z. Balwierz and K. Bińka and S. Boreham and O.K. Borisova and A. Broström and J.L. de Beaulieu and C. Gao and P. González-Sampériz and W. Granoszewski and A. Hrynowiecka and P. Kołaczek and P. Kuneš and D. Magri and M. Malkiewicz and T.M. Mighall and A.M. Milner and Z. Saati-Santamaría and M. Nita and B. Noryśkiewicz and I.A. Pidek and M. Reille and A.M. Robertsson and J.S. Salonen and P. Schläfli and J. Schokker and P. Scussolini and V. Šeirienė and J. Strahl and B. Urban and H. Winter and J.C. Svenning},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176391045&doi=10.1126%2fsciadv.adi9135&partnerID=40&md5=0fb439f5ad2440742881244e713ad342},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adi9135},
issn = {23752548},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Science Advances},
volume = {9},
number = {45},
publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
abstract = {The extent of vegetation openness in past European landscapes is widely debated. In particular, the temperate forest biome has traditionally been defined as dense, closed-canopy forest; however, some argue that large herbivores maintained greater openness or even wood-pasture conditions. Here, we address this question for the Last Interglacial period (129;000–116;000 years ago), before Homo sapiens–linked megafauna declines and anthropogenic landscape transformation. We applied the vegetation reconstruction method REVEALS to 96 Last Interglacial pollen records. We found that light woodland and open vegetation represented, on average, more than 50% cover during this period. The degree of openness was highly variable and only partially linked to climatic factors, indicating the importance of natural disturbance regimes. Our results show that the temperate forest biome was historically heterogeneous rather than uniformly dense, which is consistent with the dependency of much of contemporary European biodiversity on open vegetation and light woodland. © 2023 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The extent of vegetation openness in past European landscapes is widely debated. In particular, the temperate forest biome has traditionally been defined as dense, closed-canopy forest; however, some argue that large herbivores maintained greater openness or even wood-pasture conditions. Here, we address this question for the Last Interglacial period (129;000–116;000 years ago), before Homo sapiens–linked megafauna declines and anthropogenic landscape transformation. We applied the vegetation reconstruction method REVEALS to 96 Last Interglacial pollen records. We found that light woodland and open vegetation represented, on average, more than 50% cover during this period. The degree of openness was highly variable and only partially linked to climatic factors, indicating the importance of natural disturbance regimes. Our results show that the temperate forest biome was historically heterogeneous rather than uniformly dense, which is consistent with the dependency of much of contemporary European biodiversity on open vegetation and light woodland. © 2023 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
2018
Kupryjanowicz, M.; Nalepka, D.; Pidek, I. A.; Walanus, A.; Balwierz, Z.; Bińka, K.; Fiłoc, M.; Granoszewski, W.; Kołaczek, P.; Majecka, A.; Malkiewicz, M.; Nita, M.; Noryśkiewicz, B.; Winter, H.
The east-west migration of trees during the Eemian Interglacial registered on isopollen maps of Poland Journal Article
In: Quaternary International, vol. 467, pp. 178-191, 2018, ISSN: 10406182, (17).
@article{2-s2.0-85028636439,
title = {The east-west migration of trees during the Eemian Interglacial registered on isopollen maps of Poland},
author = { M. Kupryjanowicz and D. Nalepka and I.A. Pidek and A. Walanus and Z. Balwierz and K. Bińka and M. Fiłoc and W. Granoszewski and P. Kołaczek and A. Majecka and M. Malkiewicz and M. Nita and B. Noryśkiewicz and H. Winter},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028636439&doi=10.1016%2fj.quaint.2017.08.034&partnerID=40&md5=b1890b214830d814f2bb03218bac28c8},
doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.034},
issn = {10406182},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Quaternary International},
volume = {467},
pages = {178-191},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {The directions of the post-Wartanian (post-Saalian) migration of some thermophilous trees and shrubs into the territory of Poland was reconstructed on the basis of isopollen maps, prepared for the Eemian Interglacial based on the palynological data from 187 Polish pollen profiles. Isopollen maps clearly demonstrated, that all thermophilous trees, which appeared in this area in the early Eemian (Quercus; Ulmus; Fraxinus), migrated from the east or north-east. Also Tilia and Alnus, which arrived in the area of Poland in the middle part of the Eemian Interglacial migrated from the east. Picea, which colonized the territory of Poland twice: first at the very early stage of the interglacial, and then in the younger Eemian, migrated from the east and north-east. Only Corylus, Carpinus betulus and Abies alba migrated from other directions (from the south; from the south-west and from the south-west; respectively). Domination of the western and south-western directions of migration routes clearly differentiates the Eemian Interglacial from the Holocene, during which the majority of trees and shrubs migrated into territory of Poland from the south, south-east, south-west and west, and only a few, such as Ulmus and Picea, also from the east and north-east. We assumed that the most probable reason of this difference was a presence of the Wartanian (Saalian) refugia of many trees, including thermophilous taxa, in the Eastern Europe (west Russia or Black See region). From those regions, together with the decay of the ice sheet, these trees migrated directly into Central Europe along the northern slopes of the Carpathians, or at first migrated to the north via regions which were beyond the maximum range of the Saalian, and from there to the west after the ice sheet melted in this part of Europe. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA},
note = {17},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The directions of the post-Wartanian (post-Saalian) migration of some thermophilous trees and shrubs into the territory of Poland was reconstructed on the basis of isopollen maps, prepared for the Eemian Interglacial based on the palynological data from 187 Polish pollen profiles. Isopollen maps clearly demonstrated, that all thermophilous trees, which appeared in this area in the early Eemian (Quercus; Ulmus; Fraxinus), migrated from the east or north-east. Also Tilia and Alnus, which arrived in the area of Poland in the middle part of the Eemian Interglacial migrated from the east. Picea, which colonized the territory of Poland twice: first at the very early stage of the interglacial, and then in the younger Eemian, migrated from the east and north-east. Only Corylus, Carpinus betulus and Abies alba migrated from other directions (from the south; from the south-west and from the south-west; respectively). Domination of the western and south-western directions of migration routes clearly differentiates the Eemian Interglacial from the Holocene, during which the majority of trees and shrubs migrated into territory of Poland from the south, south-east, south-west and west, and only a few, such as Ulmus and Picea, also from the east and north-east. We assumed that the most probable reason of this difference was a presence of the Wartanian (Saalian) refugia of many trees, including thermophilous taxa, in the Eastern Europe (west Russia or Black See region). From those regions, together with the decay of the ice sheet, these trees migrated directly into Central Europe along the northern slopes of the Carpathians, or at first migrated to the north via regions which were beyond the maximum range of the Saalian, and from there to the west after the ice sheet melted in this part of Europe. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA
2016
Kupryjanowicz, M.; Granoszewski, W.; Nalepka, D.; Pidek, I. A.; Walanus, A.; Balwierz, Z.; Fiłoc, M.; Kołaczek, P.; Majecka, A.; Malkiewicz, M.; Nita, M.; Noryśkiewicz, B.; Winter, H.
Instability of the environment at the end of the eemian interglacial as illustrated by the isopollen maps for Poland Journal Article
In: Geological Quarterly, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 225-237, 2016, ISSN: 16417291, (14).
@article{2-s2.0-84973340130,
title = {Instability of the environment at the end of the eemian interglacial as illustrated by the isopollen maps for Poland},
author = { M. Kupryjanowicz and W. Granoszewski and D. Nalepka and I.A. Pidek and A. Walanus and Z. Balwierz and M. Fiłoc and P. Kołaczek and A. Majecka and M. Malkiewicz and M. Nita and B. Noryśkiewicz and H. Winter},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84973340130&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1271&partnerID=40&md5=73aaf28b0dec261d3b0e621a3fb052b4},
doi = {10.7306/gq.1271},
issn = {16417291},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Geological Quarterly},
volume = {60},
number = {1},
pages = {225-237},
publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},
abstract = {Many terrestrial pollen profiles from Poland (and a few pollen records from other parts of Central Europe) show the end of the last interglacial(Eemian; MIS 5e) to have been characterized by climatic and environmental instability. This is expressed by a strong, rapid cooling in the middle part of the pine phase ending this interglacial (E7 regional pollen assemblage zone), and then a re-warming at the very end of this phase, immediately before the transition to the glacial conditions of the last glaci-ation (Vistulian; Weichselian; MIS 5d). We have characterized the regional distribution of these climatic fluctuations in Poland on the basis of isopollenmaps prepared for the EemianInterglacial based on palynologicaldata from 31 Polish pollen profiles. These maps show unequivocally that the intra-interglacial cooling at the end of the EemianInterglacial was a transregional phenomenon, which was reflected very clearly by a temporary openness of vegetation across the whole of Poland. It was associated with a distinct decrease in pine forest areas and an increase in birch forests and open communities of cold steppe type with a domination of Artemisia. The pronounced climate and environment instability during the last phase of the Eemian Interglacial may be con sistent with it being a natural phenomenon, characteristic of transitional stages. Taking into consideration the currently observed global warming, coinciding with a natural cooling trend, the study of such transi-tional stages is important for understanding the underlying processes of climate change. © 2016, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},
note = {14},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Many terrestrial pollen profiles from Poland (and a few pollen records from other parts of Central Europe) show the end of the last interglacial(Eemian; MIS 5e) to have been characterized by climatic and environmental instability. This is expressed by a strong, rapid cooling in the middle part of the pine phase ending this interglacial (E7 regional pollen assemblage zone), and then a re-warming at the very end of this phase, immediately before the transition to the glacial conditions of the last glaci-ation (Vistulian; Weichselian; MIS 5d). We have characterized the regional distribution of these climatic fluctuations in Poland on the basis of isopollenmaps prepared for the EemianInterglacial based on palynologicaldata from 31 Polish pollen profiles. These maps show unequivocally that the intra-interglacial cooling at the end of the EemianInterglacial was a transregional phenomenon, which was reflected very clearly by a temporary openness of vegetation across the whole of Poland. It was associated with a distinct decrease in pine forest areas and an increase in birch forests and open communities of cold steppe type with a domination of Artemisia. The pronounced climate and environment instability during the last phase of the Eemian Interglacial may be con sistent with it being a natural phenomenon, characteristic of transitional stages. Taking into consideration the currently observed global warming, coinciding with a natural cooling trend, the study of such transi-tional stages is important for understanding the underlying processes of climate change. © 2016, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.
2015
Puc, M.; Wolski, T.; Camacho, I. C.; Myszkowska, D.; Kasprzyk, I.; Grewling, Ł.; Nowak, M.; Weryszko-Chmielewska, E.; Piotrowska-Weryszko, K.; Chłopek, K.; Dąbrowska-Zapart, K.; Majkowska-Wojciechowska, B.; Balwierz, Z.; Malkiewicz, M.; Grinn-Gofroń, A.; Stacewicz, A.; Kruczek, A.; Borycka, K.
Fluctuation of birch (Betula L.) pollen seasons in Poland Journal Article
In: Acta Agrobotanica, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 303-313, 2015, ISSN: 00650951, (15).
@article{2-s2.0-84955246690,
title = {Fluctuation of birch (Betula L.) pollen seasons in Poland},
author = { M. Puc and T. Wolski and I.C. Camacho and D. Myszkowska and I. Kasprzyk and Ł. Grewling and M. Nowak and E. Weryszko-Chmielewska and K. Piotrowska-Weryszko and K. Chłopek and K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and B. Majkowska-Wojciechowska and Z. Balwierz and M. Malkiewicz and A. Grinn-Gofroń and A. Stacewicz and A. Kruczek and K. Borycka},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84955246690&doi=10.5586%2faa.2015.041&partnerID=40&md5=707757cc91e3b0add4435aaa8f450884},
doi = {10.5586/aa.2015.041},
issn = {00650951},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Acta Agrobotanica},
volume = {68},
number = {4},
pages = {303-313},
publisher = {Polish Botanical Society},
abstract = {Birch pollen grains are one of the most important groups of atmospheric biological particles that induce allergic processes. The fluctuation pattern of birch pollen seasons in selected cities of poland is presented. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (burkard and lanzoni 2000 pollen samplers). The distributions of the data were not normal (shapiro-wilk test) and statistical error risk was estimated at a significance level of α=0.05. pollen season was defined as the period in which 95% of the annual total catch occurred. The linear trend for the selected features of the pollen season, skewness, kurtosis and coefficient of variation (V%) were also analyzed. during the 12-14 years of study, the beginnings of birch pollen seasons were observed 7-14 days earlier, the ends were noted 5-10 days earlier, and the days with maximum values occurred 7-14 days earlier compared to the long-term data. The left-skewed distribution of the pollen season starts in most sampling sites confirms the short-lasting occurrence of pollen in the air. The threat of birch pollen allergens was high during the pollen seasons. If vegetation is highly diverse, flowering and pollen release are extended in time, spread over different weeks and occur at different times of the day. Flowering time and pollen release are affected by insolation, convection currents, wind, and turbulence. therefore, pollen seasons are characterized by great inter-annual variability. © The Author(s) 2015.},
note = {15},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Birch pollen grains are one of the most important groups of atmospheric biological particles that induce allergic processes. The fluctuation pattern of birch pollen seasons in selected cities of poland is presented. Measurements were performed by the volumetric method (burkard and lanzoni 2000 pollen samplers). The distributions of the data were not normal (shapiro-wilk test) and statistical error risk was estimated at a significance level of α=0.05. pollen season was defined as the period in which 95% of the annual total catch occurred. The linear trend for the selected features of the pollen season, skewness, kurtosis and coefficient of variation (V%) were also analyzed. during the 12-14 years of study, the beginnings of birch pollen seasons were observed 7-14 days earlier, the ends were noted 5-10 days earlier, and the days with maximum values occurred 7-14 days earlier compared to the long-term data. The left-skewed distribution of the pollen season starts in most sampling sites confirms the short-lasting occurrence of pollen in the air. The threat of birch pollen allergens was high during the pollen seasons. If vegetation is highly diverse, flowering and pollen release are extended in time, spread over different weeks and occur at different times of the day. Flowering time and pollen release are affected by insolation, convection currents, wind, and turbulence. therefore, pollen seasons are characterized by great inter-annual variability. © The Author(s) 2015.