@article{2-s2.0-85192305594,

title = {Multi-stage tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts recorded in the para- and ferromagnetic fabrics},

author = { D. Staneczek and R. Szaniawski and M. Chadima and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192305594&doi=10.1016%2fj.tecto.2024.230338&partnerID=40&md5=033ca006c9baedd07944a4473922f0c5},

doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230338},

issn = {00401951},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Tectonophysics},

volume = {880},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Tatra Mts form the highest part of the Carpathian mountain chain; however, their tectonic and thermal evolution is still debatable. Previous magnetic fabric studies have primarily focused on the crystalline basement and its autochthonous cover. We investigate the magnetic fabrics of Cretaceous marly limestones from a Mesozoic nappe unit and post-thrusting Oligocene shales and mudstones to unravel the most recent tectonic evolution of the Tatra massif. In addition to standard petromagnetic measurements such as the acquisition of the Isothermal Remanent Magnetization or temperature-dependent susceptibility analyses, we investigated the paleotemperature of the Tatra region because high temperatures are known to significantly affect the magnetic mineralogy. The most common minerals in the studied units are paramagnetic phyllosilicates which govern the in-phase Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility. The ferromagnetic fraction is represented by fine-grained magnetite with a minor contribution of hematite. Measured and counted vitrinite reflectances document an eastward increase in maturity, which is also reflected in the magnetite–hematite grain size ratios. Because the paleotemperatures recorded in the Cretaceous rocks follow the same increasing trend as the post-thrusting shales, it appears that both units were affected by a single major thermal event linked presumably to the Late Oligocene/Early Miocene burial. We propose that magnetic fabrics carried by phyllosilicates document the impact of crucial tectonic phases such as Miocene uplift and Cretaceous thrusting, whereas the out-of-phase Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility and Anisotropy of Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization fabrics most likely record the stress orientation during major burial episodes. Finally, the conspicuous vertical ferromagnetic lineation present in some Cretaceous sites documents the transpression-controlled tectonic regime in the Oligocene–Early Miocene. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85188251143,

title = {Depositional conditions, wildfires, maturity, and hydrocarbon potential evaluation of Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin based on integrative approach from Orava Basin},

author = { D. Staneczek and D. Więcław and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85188251143&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2024.104490&partnerID=40&md5=f9e15ae8521f357702782a878bc3b1a6},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2024.104490},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {285},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin (CCPB; Central Western Carpathians) comprises mainly Oligocene clastic autochthonous age-equivalents of the widely known Menilite shale formation from the Outer Carpathians. However, little is known about the paleoenvironment and its subsequent changes during the basin's evolution. Furthermore, the available hydrocarbon potential data are based on anachronous methods and are not investigated on the sub-basin level. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses supported by Rock-Eval data along with petrographic measurements enabled us to identify and document the paleoenvironmental evolution of the Orava sub-basin (NW remnant of CCPB). Thermal maturity based on vitrinite reflectance, 22S/(22S + 22R) homohopane ratio and 20S/(20S + 20R) sterane ratio increases from N to S and from Upper to Lower Oligocene. In the least mature samples ββ-hopanes, hopenes, and oleanenes are present, whereas in the most mature deposits less thermally stable compounds dissapeared. This maturation trend is shown also by the Rock-Eval data. Terrestrial organic matter input is documented by the predominance of III- and II/III-type of kerogen and the occurrence of several biomarkers, such as 3,3,7-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochrysene, cadalene, retene, and perylene. The significant contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be linked with wildfire-related land degradation and following runoff to the basin. Based on the measured fusinite reflectance values the wildfire types could range from hotter crown fires to colder surface fires. Depositional conditions in Lower Oligocene units are characterized by intermittent euxinia, as derived from small (<5 μm) pyrite framboid diameters and the presence of isorenieratane. Subsequently, a change of conditions to oxic/dysoxic in younger units is observed, and the input of terrestrial organic matter increased. © 2023},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85179127948,

title = {Neutral saccharides and hemicellulose over two urban sites in Indo-Gangetic Plain and Central Europe during winter},

author = { P. Rajeev and T. Gupta and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85179127948&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2023.168849&partnerID=40&md5=34b00e54c7ce2feffe0fdb5cdf8380e2},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168849},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {912},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Saccharides are ubiquitous organic compounds that are omnipresent in nature and are considered tracers of aerosol sources. Saccharides and hemicellulose were analyzed in the aerosols of two polluted regions (Allahabad; India and Sosnowiec; Poland). The chemical compositions of the compounds and their abundances were significantly different at the two sites. Levoglucosan was the most dominant saccharide present at both sites. Galactosan, anhydroglucofuranose, mannosan, glucose, arabitol, D-pinitol, sucrose, and trehalose were found in Allahabad samples in high abundance but were significantly lower than levoglucosan. Mannosan, galactosan, arabinose, glycerol, and sucrose were significant compounds in Sosnowiec after dominating levoglucosan. The major sources of saccharides present in the Allahabad aerosols are hardwood and agricultural waste-burning emissions, whereas those at Sosnowiec are attributed to the burning of softwood (mainly gymnosperm trees), pine needles, or sporadically grass during the winter. Further, the chemical characteristics of hemicellulose remnants present in ambient aerosol at the Indian and European sites were analyzed and discussed. At both locations, hemicellulose was found using methanolysis of the filter samples; however, its state of preservation was poor. We believe that the primary sources of hemicellulose remnants are incomplete wood burning, crop straw, grass burning, or plant debris. Relatively poor preservation is associated with partial hemicellulose degradation when exposed to elevated temperatures or due to the oxidation and microbial degradation of plant fragments. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85194468462,

title = {Geochemical implications of uranium-bearing thucholite aggregates in the Upper Permian Kupferschiefer shale, Lubin district, Poland},

author = { M.D. Syczewski and P. Panajew and L. Marynowski and M. Waliczek and A. Borkowski and J. Rohovec and S. Matoušková and I. Sekudewicz and Mal. Liszewska and B.J. Jankiewicz and A.N. Khamieva and M. Słowakiewicz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194468462&doi=10.1007%2fs00126-024-01279-y&partnerID=40&md5=757a14ca471f757d7b80e8db197c9332},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-024-01279-y},

issn = {00264598},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {New inorganic and organic geochemical data from thucholite in the Upper Permian (Wuchiapingian) Kupferschiefer (T1) shale collected at the Polkowice-Sieroszowice Cu-Ag mine in Poland are presented. Thucholite, which forms spherical or granular clusters, appears scattered in the T1 dolomitic shale at the oxic-anoxic boundary occurring within the same shale member. The composition of thucholite concretions and the T1 shale differs by a higher content of U- and REE-enriched mineral phases within the thucholite concretions compared to the T1 shale, suggesting a different mineralising history. The differences also comprise higher Ntot, Ctot, Htot, Stot contents and higher C/N, C/S ratios in thucholite than in the T1 shale. The hydrocarbon composition of the thucholite and the surrounding T1 shale also varies. Both are dominated by polycyclic aromatic compounds and their phenyl derivatives. However, higher abundances of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the thucholite are indicative of its pyrogenic origin. Pyrolytic compounds such as benz[a]anthracene or benzo[a]pyrene are more typical of the thucholite than the T1 shale. Microscopic observations of the thucholite and its molecular composition suggest that it represents well-rounded small charcoal fragments. These charcoals were formed during low-temperature combustion, as confirmed by semifusinite reflectance values, indicating surface fire temperatures of about 400 °C, and the absence of the high-temperature pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Charred detrital particles, likely the main source of insoluble organic matter in the thucholite, migrated to the sedimentary basin in the form of spherical carbonaceous particulates, which adsorbed uranium and REE in particular, which would further explain their different contents and sorption properties in the depositional environment. Finally, the difference in mineral content between thucholite and the T1 shale could also have been caused by microbes, which might have formed biofilms on mineral particles, and caused a change in the original mineral composition. © The Author(s) 2024.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85173474122,

title = {Preservation, diagenetic transformation and paleoecological significance of fungal saccharides from lignites and fossil wood},

author = { L. Marynowski and J. Smolarek-Lach and P.K. Singh and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85173474122&doi=10.1016%2fj.orggeochem.2023.104686&partnerID=40&md5=df01716b734890ef3ace85b7df6820f8},

doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2023.104686},

issn = {01466380},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Organic Geochemistry},

volume = {185},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Fungi are a common component of terrestrial ecosystems, although their preservation as molecular fossils is relatively rare. Saccharides, such as arabitol, mannitol and trehalose, are important in biochemical processes, and are the dominant compounds in fungi, lichens and yeasts. Here we present gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of fungal saccharides in brown coal extracts and compare their distribution to extant white, brown, and soft-rot fungi. Distribution differs depending on the type of decay in modern and fossil wood-decomposing fungi. An arabitol/(arabitol + trehalose) ratio higher than 0.6 for extant and fossil fungi is diagnostic for soft and brown rot, while values below 0.4 are characteristic of white rot fungi. Values between 0.4 and 0.6 suggest a mixed origin of fungal saccharides. The observed differences may shed light on the type of fungal activity, in particular relatated to climatic conditions of the Cenozoic. We conclude that saccharides can be good indicators, sensitive to climate change, of wood degradation by fungi in thermally immature organic matter. As a case study, early Cenozoic lignites were formed on low latitudes in the tropics during or near the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum, as extant soft rot fungi can withstand extremes of temperature and humidity. The presence of these fungi is confirmed by the dominance of arabitol over trehalose in most of the Lower Cenozoic lignites and arabitol/(arabitol + trehalose) ratio values higher than 0.6. In contrast, Miocene detritic coals, which were formed in temperate to subtropical climates, contain saccharides derived from a mixture of different fungi with white rot predominance. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85163293211,

title = {Redox changes and mercury signature during the Lower Alum Shale Event (mid-Tournaisian, Mississippian) in the Rhenish Massif: Implications for oxygenation history and volcanism in southern Laurussian shelf and Palaeotethys Ocean},

author = { M. Rakociński and J. Kucharczyk and A. Pisarzowska and M. Zatoń and L. Marynowski and S. Hartenfels and R.T. Becker},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85163293211&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2023.104165&partnerID=40&md5=5558e8953a75ef0bd1c7fda4d05c3786},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104165},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {227},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The mid-Tournaisian Event, also called the Lower Alum Shale Event (LASE), was a global anoxic event that occurred ca. 355 Ma ago. This event is connected to drastic facies changes from pelagic carbonate sedimentation to widespread black organic-rich siliceous shales and radiolarites in many parts of the world. For the first time, high-resolution inorganic geochemistry and framboidal pyrite analyses were applied to decipher depositional condition changes during the mid-Tournaisian anoxic event in the Rhenish Massif, then situated on southern shelf of the Laurussia continent. The lower and middle parts of the LASE interval in the study area were deposited under anoxic conditions at the bottom and water column, while the upper part was deposited under restricted but better‑oxygenated conditions. Additionally, a minor Hg anomaly was found during the LASE deposition in the Rhenish Massif, confirming volcanic overprint during the event. The scenario of palaeoenvironmental changes obtained in the Rhenish Massif is compared to other areas where the LASE was recorded and studied, providing a wider, panregional picture of changes in marine settings during that important Mississippian event. The results obtained in the present study show that the conditions during the LASE in pelagic settings were not uniform, with variable bottom-water oxygenation and different proximity and influence of volcanic activities. The numerous regional magmatic centers are considered as potentially responsible for the drastic depositional changes at a local scale and the bioproductivity increase at the global scale. However, their total contribution caused the climatic turnover responsible for the Gondwana deglaciation and resultant global transgression leading to development of anoxia in many parts of the world during this mid-Tournaisian anoxic event. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85152003184,

title = {Differences in hemicellulose composition and pectin detection in Eocene and Miocene xylites},

author = { L. Marynowski and M. Goryl and M. Lempart-Drozd and M. Bucha and M.A. Majewski and M. Stępień and R. Loręc and J.J. Brocks and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152003184&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemgeo.2023.121416&partnerID=40&md5=8c204141aef9c55417784ccfe863983d},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121416},

issn = {00092541},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {624},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The composition of hemicelluloses differ considerably in extant hardwood and softwood. In this study, we demonstrate that there are also significant differences between the hemicellulose composition of angiosperm and gymnosperm fossil wood (Eocene to Miocene). Because of the excellent preservation and high hemicellulose contents, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of xylites shows bands that are characteristic of various hemicelluloses and pectin (despite the overlapping of cellulose and lignin IR bands). In particular, fossil softwood samples show IR bands typical of mannose-containing hemicellulose. The composition of hemicellulose is determined through methanolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results correspond with those of extant softwood and hardwood hemicelluloses because of the excellent preservation of 13–35 Myr fossil wood deposited under reducing marine conditions. The main saccharide building blocks found in angiosperm Eocene and Miocene wood are glucose and xylose. In contrast, mannose, galactose, and glucose are dominant in gymnosperms. The relationship among xylose, mannose, and rhamnose suitably differentiates both fossil and extant woods. Moreover, the relatively high contents of rhamnose and galacturonic acid identified mainly in angiosperms indicate the presence of preserved pectin, which has not been previously documented in fossil organic matter. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy reveals the presence of xylogalacturonan fragments in a separate fraction of the angiosperm Eocene wood. The presence of pectin, a significantly labile carbohydrate polymer, confirms the perfect preservation of fossil wood in marine deposits. This study sheds new light on the identification of xylite affinities based on their hemicellulose composition and promotes research toward the palaeochemotaxonomy of fossil plants. © 2023},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85147541252,

title = {Preservation of labile organic compounds in sapropelic coals from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and T. Krzykawski and B.R.T. Simoneit and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147541252&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104186&partnerID=40&md5=396c170a48381df292c872f303db8608},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104186},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {267},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Sapropelic coals were taken for study from coal mines and coal waste dumps in Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), Poland. They showed unusual molecular compositions reflecting immature characteristics. The vitrinite reflectances 0.65-1.00% indicated mature organic matter (OM) and agreed with the Rock Eval Tmax (421-444oC). The OM maturity also was supported by the geochemical ratios, i.e., alkylnaphthalenes, dimethylphenanthrenes, methylbiphenyls and dibenzofuran or phenol and its methyl derivatives in the southern part of USCB. The petrographic features showed fine-grained and laminated OM, which is typical for sapropel with a dominance of vitrinite and inertinite macerals. The presence of fusinites and natural chars reflects paleowildfires prior to coal formation and/or peat fires. It is also confirmed by the presence of anthracene, methyl-anthracenes, and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds like anthrone, xanthone, fluorenone, and benzofluoren-11-ones. Rock Eval pyrolysis data showed very similar values as the humic coals from USCB, except for the elevated values of S2 (residual petroleum potential) and Hydrogen Index (HI) reflecting the presence of hydrogen-rich liptinite macerals. The distributions of n-alkanes, methylalkanes, alkylcyclohexanes and alkylbenzenes indicate a microbiological origin associated with microorganisms, including cyanobacteria or Botryococcus. In all samples 8β(H)-homodrimane dominated and indicated an anoxic environment of the deep lakes. The preservation of tetracyclic diterpenoids, diaster-13(17)-enes, ββ-hopanes, simonellite, bisnorsimonellite, cadalene, fatty acids, aromatic aldehydes and carboxylic acids from lignin degradation in sapropelic hard coals indicates an early diagenetic generation of these compounds from sapropels. Furthermore, during coalification, some the less thermally labile compounds can be preserved with increasing coal rank, while others isomerized or aromatized to more stable counterparts. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85130342782,

title = {Mercury evidence of intense submarine volcanism and hydrothermal activity during a mid-Tournaisian anoxic event in the Carnic Alps},

author = { M. Rakociński and D. Książak and A. Pisarzowska and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130342782&doi=10.1016%2fj.gr.2022.05.004&partnerID=40&md5=d47940ab64ee03be555bc63d488687b8},

doi = {10.1016/j.gr.2022.05.004},

issn = {1342937X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Gondwana Research},

volume = {109},

pages = {225-238},

publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},

abstract = {The mid-Tournaisian Event, or Lower Alum Shale Event (LASE), is linked to severe facies changes including pelagic carbonates and widespread black siliceous shales and radiolarites in many parts of the world. For the first time, high-resolution inorganic geochemistry and framboidal pyrite analyses were applied to decipher depositional condition changes during the mid-Tournaisian event in the Carnic Alps. The predominance of tiny pyrite framboids, high Corg/P, U/Th, and V/Cr ratios, generally higher enrichments of redox-sensitive metals such as Mo, U, V, and depletion in Mn suggest anoxic/euxinic conditions at the sea bottom. Moreover, we found very large anomalous Hg spikes (with maximum values reaching 3650 ppb) for the first time in the mid-Tournaisian deep-water marine succession of the Carnic Alps. Our results suggest intense volcanism during the LASE, which triggered the mid-Tournaisian anoxic event. The most likely candidate for the observed Hg anomalous contents is submarine arc volcanism and hydrothermal activity connected with the collision of the peri-Gondwanan terranes Paleo-Adria and probably Armorican Terrane Assemblage (ATA) and/or Noric terrane during the first phase of the Variscan orogeny. © 2022 International Association for Gondwana Research},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85129533042,

title = {The stability of polyaromatic naphthalene sulfonates in hydrothermal solutions to 330 °C at equilibrium saturated vapour pressure},

author = { L. Sajkowski and T.M. Seward and B.W. Mountain and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129533042&doi=10.1016%2fj.geothermics.2022.102437&partnerID=40&md5=fe8164268987eac24549601fa5d9a267},

doi = {10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102437},

issn = {03756505},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Geothermics},

volume = {104},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Naphthalene sulfonates and disulfonates have been widely used in the geothermal industry as tracer chemicals and knowledge of their rates of thermal breakdown is essential to ensure their successful use. In this study the stabilities of six polyaromatic sulfonates: 1-naphthalene sulfonate (1-NS); 2-naphthalene sulfonate (2-NS); 2,6-naphthalene disulfonate (2;6-NDS); 2,7-naphthalene disulfonate (2;7-NDS); 1,5- naphthalene disulfonate (1;5-NDS); and 1,6-naphtahlene disulfonate (1;6-NDS) in 0.050 mol kg−1 NaCl solution was investigated. The NDS/NS thermal stabilities were studied as a function of temperature and pH in oxygen-free solutions. Three sets of experiments were conducted using quartz glass ampoules. The first set of experiments studied the breakdown rates of both 1,5-NDS and 2-NS at a range of pH values at 200 and 300 °C. The second set studied 1,6-NDS thermal decay to determine the breakdown products at 200, 250, and 300 °C. The third set involved a mixture of 1,5-NDS, 1,6-NDS, 2,6-NDS, 2,7-NDS, and 2-NS in 0.050 mol kg−1 NaCl, with and without the presence of greywacke, at temperatures up to 300 °C. The results show that 1,5-NDS and 2-NS breakdown is temperature and pH-dependent. The breakdown of 1,6-NDS forms mainly 2-naphthalene sulfonate (2-NS), whereas above 300 °C, 1,6-NDS generated significant amounts of naphthalene (NAP). The results show that the stabilities of all tested NDS/NS compounds are temperature-dependent with their relative stabilities increasing in the order 1,5-NDS < 1,6-NDS < 2,6-NDS ≈ 2,7-NDS < 2-NS. In the presence of greywacke, fluid-rock interactions served to buffer pH thereby stabilizing the NDS over experiments where no rock was present. The finding presented in this study support need for reevaluation of historic NDS tracer tests, and consideration of reservoir temperature and pH when planning future tests. © 2022},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85135313507,

title = {The transition toward the Messinian evaporites identified by biomarker records in the organic-rich shales of the Tripoli Formation (Sicily, Italy)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M. Forzese and R. Maniscalco and A. Di Stefano and M. Misz-Kennan and L. Marynowski and T. Krzykawski and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135313507&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2022.104053&partnerID=40&md5=d95062882491fd96c91734503951577e},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2022.104053},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {260},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Pre-evaporitic Messinian deposits, consisting of a cyclic alternation of diatomites with lime mudstones, and laminated marls, crop out all over the Mediterranean area, representing important archives of deteriorating environmental conditions. The peculiar section of Torrente Vaccarizzo (Sicily) shows several intervals of organic-rich shales, exceptionally high in lipid biomarkers, interbedded mostly with diatomites, laminites, and lime mudstones. This research deals with geochemical analyses of organic-rich shales to characterize the depositional environments and the organic matter source, as well as to investigate the biological archives predating the extreme saline conditions of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The biomarker compositions with the petrographic results reflect a change from oxic/dysoxic to dysoxic/anoxic conditions towards younger strata. Although a minor terrestrial input is displayed by saccharides and angiosperm biomarkers, such as amyrins, dicarboxylic acids, and lignin degradation products, most of the n-alkanes, isoprenoids, n-alkanoic acids, steroids, hopanes, and tocopherols are produced by marine hypersaline tolerant organisms. Sulfurization of organic compounds (mainly isoprenoids and n-alkanols) complements the pyrite mineralogy also indicating anoxia. The assessment of kerogen by Rock Eval pyrolysis revealed a moderate-good oil potential and indicated thermally immature organic matter, which is also confirmed by multiple geochemical parameters (e.g. hopane; sterane). Bituminite at this stage of thermal maturity is not prone to hydrocarbon generation, but depends on the degree of bacterial alteration. This work highlights the relevance of using biomarkers to characterize the response of biological communities to deteriorating environmental conditions. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85131459760,

title = {Paleoenvironment, organic matter maturity and the hydrocarbon potential of Menilite shales (Silesian Unit, Polish Outer Carpathians) – Organic and inorganic geochemical proxies},

author = { P. Wójcik-Tabol and M. Wendorff-Belon and P. Kosakowski and A. Zakrzewski and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131459760&doi=10.1016%2fj.marpetgeo.2022.105767&partnerID=40&md5=1a65989f95ed0aacd45475a02b16eaaa},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105767},

issn = {02648172},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},

volume = {142},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The Oligocene Menilite shales (Silesian Unit; Polish Outer Carpathians), an example of the organic-rich black shale facies of the Paratethys, were sampled in the two sections of Znamirowice and Kobielnik, representing proximal to the land and open-marine environments, respectively. Terrestrial organic matter (OM) imprinted in maceral and biomarker composition was probably supplied by the fresh-water runoff, as suggested by the total organic carbon (TOC)–total sulfur (TS) values and low Sr/Ba ratio in the Znamirowice section. In contrast, normal marine-salinity conditions and the scarcity of higher plant-derived biomarkers or macerals in the Kobielnik section suggest the deposition in a more distal environment. Abundant alginite and bituminite, high TOC content and EF P2O5 values, together with biogenic silica and the occurrence of triaromatic dinosteroids indicate a medium-to-high primary productivity, represented by algal–bacterial communities including silica-secreting organisms. The inorganic proxies show that the analysed rocks were mainly deposited in unrestricted basin probably affected by temporary upwelling. Only a small number of samples approach the restricted basin model. Concentrations of redox-sensitive elements (e.g. Mo; U; V; Ni; Co) corroborating with biomarker proxies (homohopane index; pristane/phytane) allow us to suppose oxic conditions within the water column with periods of oxygen reduction in the bottom waters and mainly dysoxia/anoxia in the sediment during the Menilite shale formation. The studied Menilite shales are source rocks with good-to-excellent hydrocarbon potential, characterised by mostly immature OM. However, the hopane and sterane isomerisation ratios show a more advanced stage of thermal maturation in the Kobielnik section, reaching the threshold of the oil window. In the Znamirowice section the OM is still immature. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125539700,

title = {High concentrations of HgS, MeHg and toxic gas emissions in thermally affected waste dumps from hard coal mining in Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and J. Cabała and L. Marynowski and M. Jabłońska and M. Dziurowicz and D. Malczewski and B. Kozielska and P. Siupka and Z. Piotrowska-Seget and B.R.T. Simoneit and M. Szczyrba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125539700&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2022.128542&partnerID=40&md5=dc4d622cf940b6c3ae23b6a2bebc9f65},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128542},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {431},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study aims to provide numerous environmental research approaches to understand the formation of mineral and organic mercury compounds in self-heating coal waste dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The results are combined with environmental and health risk assessments. The mineralogy comprised accessory minerals in the fine fraction of thermally affected waste, i.e., Hg sulfides, most likely cinnabar or metacinnabar. Moreover, other metals, e.g., Pb, Zn and Cu, were found as sulfide forms. Apart from Hg, the ICP-ES/MS data confirmed the high content of Mn, Zn, Pb, Hg, Cr and Ba in these wastes. The high concentration of available Hg resulted in elevated MeHg concentrations in the dumps. There were no correlations or trends between MeHg concentrations and elemental Hg, TS, TOC, and pH. Furthermore, we did not detect microbial genes responsible for Hg methylation. The organic compounds identified in waste and emitted gases, such as organic acids, or free methyl radicals, common in such burn environments, could be responsible for the formation of MeHg. The concentration levels of gases, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, NH3, emitted by the vents, reached or surpassed acceptable levels numerous times. The potential ecological and human health risks of these dumps were moderate to very high due to the significant influence of the high Hg concentrations. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85130804838,

title = {Combined Nitrogen-Isotope and Cyclostratigraphy Evidence for Temporal and Spatial Variability in Frasnian–Famennian Environmental Change},

author = { L.M.E. Percival and L. Marynowski and F. Baudin and S. Goderis and D. De Vleeschouwer and M. Rakociński and K. Narkiewicz and C. Corradini and A.Ch. Da Silva and P. Claeys},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130804838&doi=10.1029%2f2021GC010308&partnerID=40&md5=85c07f307a9d6a7465ba3795f6a022a5},

doi = {10.1029/2021GC010308},

issn = {15252027},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},

volume = {23},

number = {5},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},

abstract = {Widespread marine anoxia triggered by the runoff and recycling of nutrients was a key phenomenon associated with the Frasnian–Famennian (FF) mass extinction. However, the relative importance of global-scale processes versus local influences on site-specific environmental change remains poorly understood. Here, nitrogen-isotope (δ15N) trends are combined with organic-biomarker, phosphorus, and Rock-Eval data in FF sites from the USA (H-32 core; Iowa), Poland (Kowala Quarry), and Belgium (Sinsin). Up-to-date cyclostratigraphic age models for all three sites allow the nature and timing of changes to be precisely compared across the globe. Negative δ15N excursions across the FF interval from the H-32 core and Kowala correlate with geochemical evidence for euxinic, phosphorus-rich, water columns, and possible cyanobacterial activity, suggestive of increased diazotrophic N fixation, potentially coupled with ammonium assimilation at the latter site. By contrast, previously studied sites from Western Canada and South China document enhanced water-column denitrification around the onset of the Upper Kellwasser (UKW) Event, re-emphasizing the geographical heterogeneity in environmental perturbations at that time. Moreover, environmental degradation began >100 kyr earlier in Poland, coeval with a major increase in bioavailable phosphorus supply, than in Iowa, where no such influx is recorded. These regional differences in both the timing and nature of marine perturbations during the FF interval likely resulted from the variable influx of terrigenous nutrients to different marine basins at that time, highlighting the importance of local processes such as terrestrial runoff in driving environmental degradation during times of climate cooling such as the UKW Event. © 2022. The Authors.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85112316589,

title = {Thermal transformation of chalcedonite artefacts from the Magdalenian site of Ćmielów 95”Mały Gawroniec” (Poland)},

author = { E.A. Miśta-Jakubowska and Ł. Kruszewski and M. Przeździecki and M. Paczkowski and L. Marynowski and A.M. Gójska and M. Wilczopolska and R. Diduszko and K. Pyżewicz and T. Kosiński and K. Trela and M. Szubski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112316589&doi=10.1111%2farcm.12703&partnerID=40&md5=d40aa521910e8ef337d799b6ddd0a8c6},

doi = {10.1111/arcm.12703},

issn = {0003813X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Archaeometry},

volume = {64},

number = {2},

pages = {300-316},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},

abstract = {Two chalcedonite artefacts from the Magdalenian site of Ćmielów 95 (Poland), with macroscopic features suggestive of thermal treatment, were subjected to a multi-instrumental analysis. The red upper layer of the objects consists of ”protohematite”, implying temperature-driven, goethite-to-hematite transition. The red layer shows traces of carbonized matter with saccharides and levoglucosan (from burning wood) as well as fatty acids. PXRD data suggest a source of higher temperatures (up to ~800°C) within the bottom layer, with ~200–300°C range ascribed to the red layer. On the basis of the collected data the artefacts are proposed to be relics of cooking stones. © 2021 The Authors. Archaeometry © 2021 University of Oxford},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85116654445,

title = {Saccharides in atmospheric particulate and sedimentary organic matter: Status overview and future perspectives},

author = { L. Marynowski and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116654445&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemosphere.2021.132376&partnerID=40&md5=9b50b4f66d42c08a92e3e713dd6998b0},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132376},

issn = {00456535},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Chemosphere},

volume = {288},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Saccharides are omnipresent compounds in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Since the 2000s, their role in environmental and geochemical studies has significantly increased, but only anhydrosaccharides (mainly levoglucosan) have been reviewed. Here we present the wider knowledge about saccharides in organic matter of aerosols, bottom sediments, soils, dust, and sedimentary rocks. The main purpose here is to characterize the possible sources of saccharides, as well as sacharol formation, seasonal variability, and the possible applications in environmental and paleoenvironmental interpretations. Different saccharide sources were designated, including biomass burning, and particulate matter such as pollen, spores, lichen, and fungi, as well as polysaccharide decomposition as possible inputs of monosaccharides. The main focus was on the most common saccharides encountered in environmental samples and sedimentary rocks. These are the mono- and disaccharides glucose, fructose, sucrose, and trehalose, and sacharols arabitol and mannitol. The anhydrosaccharides levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan were evaluated as ancient wildfire indicators and industrialization tracers found in lacustrine sediments starting from Pleistocene to contemporary deposits. However, other anhydrosaccharides like xylosan and arabinosan were also found as products of fossil wood burning. These anhydrosaccharides have the potential to be further tracers of hemicellulose burning. Additional recommendations are proposed for future research, including environmental and paleoenvironmental topics that need to be addressed. © 2021 The Authors},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85111334635,

title = {Preservation of hemicellulose remnants in sedimentary organic matter},

author = { L. Marynowski and M. Bucha and M. Lempart-Drozd and M. Stępień and M. Kondratowicz and J. Smolarek-Lach and M. Rybicki and M. Goryl and J.J. Brocks and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111334635&doi=10.1016%2fj.gca.2021.07.003&partnerID=40&md5=3db5f77e50b98e7da685875bb2ec57e8},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2021.07.003},

issn = {00167037},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {310},

pages = {32-46},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Cellulose has been identified in fossil material, but the preservation potential of hemicelluloses, which are less resistant to decomposition than cellulose, is generally considered very low. Here we present the discovery of hemicellulose in Miocene xylites (fossil wood) and Cretaceous xylo-detritic coals from Poland. The main building blocks of hemicelluloses in softwood are mannose, glucose, xylose with lesser amounts of galactose and arabinose. These saccharides were detected in the coals and xylites using independent geochemical methods. Based on chemical analysis, the lignites contained significant holocellulose (22–37%), α-cellulose (8–29%) and hemicellulose (7–13%). In the smoke from a xylite burn test, levoglucosan and mannosan were dominant, the latter a specific hemicellulose alteration product. Glucose and mannose products dominated after methanolysis, with minor galactose and xylose. The main hemicellulosic polysaccharides in lignite appear to be glucomannan and/or galactoglucomannan but with a lower mannose content, possibly connected to wood degradation by fungi. The preservation of hemicelluloses in fossil material may be due to structural interconnection between lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose (i.e. lignocellulose), common in extant wood. This is the first documentation of hemicelluloses in fossil material. Our results show that not only cellulose, but also hemicelluloses can persist for millions of years under favorable conditions with only minor structural changes due to slow microbial and/or diagenetic decay. In fossil wood, types of hemicellulose can help assess whether the ancient plants were related to gymnosperms or angiosperms. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85103393331,

title = {Early Oligocene environment of the Central Paratethys revealed by biomarkers and pyrite framboids from the Tarcău and Vrancea Nappes (Eastern Outer Carpathians, Romania)},

author = { M. Wendorff-Belon and M.J. Rospondek and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103393331&doi=10.1016%2fj.marpetgeo.2021.105037&partnerID=40&md5=63d90dba1238ab4db4592ee530b22b84},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105037},

issn = {02648172},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},

volume = {128},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The Menilite facies, representing the most prolific hydrocarbon source rocks in the Carpathian fold and thrust belt, has been studied in two outcrop sections of the Vrancea and Tarcău Nappes (Eastern Romania) with the aim of determining the depositional environment during the Early Oligocene in the Vrancea and Tarcău sub-basins of the Central Paratethys. The biomarker composition indicates spatial variability in organic matter sources with mainly algal (particularly diatoms and dinoflagellates) and bacterial contributions in both sub-basins. This is reflected by the occurrence of such biomarkers as triaromatic dinosteroids, C25 highly branched isoprenoid thiophenes, marine n-alkanes, hopanoids and monomethyl alkanes. Solely in the Vrancea domain, the input of terrigenous organic matter of higher plant origin can be anticipated from the presence of abietane-class biomarkers (conifer-derived) and oleanane (angiosperm-derived). Distinct nutrient availability related to different positions of individual sub-basins (i.e. shallower; temporarily eutrophic Vrancea sub-basin vs. open-marine mesotrophic Tarcău domain) is reflected by different paleoproductivity indicators, such as the total organic carbon content, hydrogen index and 17α-hopanes to steranes ratio. Water column stratification with bottom water anoxia enhanced by bacterial sulfate reduction stretching into the chemocline, at least intermittently, is expressed by a characteristic tiny pyrite framboid distribution and the lack of bioturbation. However, molecular indicators (Pr/Ph ratio; C35 homohopane index) imply fluctuations of redox conditions with the dominance of dysoxic conditions, which may suggest the occasional oxidation of bottom waters linked to local upwelling. Early diagenetic organic matter transformations such as photodegradation taking place in the oxidised upper part of the water column could also have affected the biomarker distributions. The presence of aryl isoprenoids and Me,i-Bu-maleimides indicates periods of euxinic conditions within the photic zone only in the Vrancea sub-basin during the deposition of the Lower Menilite Member. This is probably related to freshwater incursions from the adjacent, at least partly emerged forebulge, as suggested by a high MTTC ratio and the occurrence of higher plant-derived organic matter. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85102972550,

title = {Monoterpenylabietenoids, novel biomarkers from extant and fossil Taxodioideae and sedimentary rocks},

author = { B.R.T. Simoneit and M. Rybicki and M. Goryl and M. Bucha and A. Otto and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102972550&doi=10.1016%2fj.orggeochem.2020.104172&partnerID=40&md5=f330e429889bbdaac445f551219bde7e},

doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2020.104172},

issn = {01466380},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Organic Geochemistry},

volume = {154},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The presence of 7-p-cymenylferruginol and its diagenetic biomarkers occurring in Cenozoic fossil plants and Mesozoic siltstones and coals has been studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both 7α- and 7β-p-cymenylferruginol isomers were the dominant natural products, with two novel minor additional isomers, namely 3α- and 3β-p-cymenylferruginol, and two hydrocarbons, 7α- and 7β-p-cymenyldehydroabietane. The other tentatively assigned aromatic hydrocarbons were 9,10-p-cymenylretene and 9-p-cymenylsimonellite, which were present in Upper Cretaceous and Lower Jurassic sedimentary rocks with their further dehydrogenation products. Diterpenoid dimers were also tentatively identified in trace amounts, with 11- and 14-ferruginylferruginol as the dominant compounds. Our results show that the p-cymenylferruginols and p-cymenyldehydroabietanes are not thermally stable and that their occurrence in sedimentary rocks is controlled by the maturity of the organic matter (OM). Also, chamaecydin, identified for the first time in pre-Paleogene strata, was not detectable when the OM maturity based on vitrinite reflectance was higher than ∼0.45–0.5% Rr. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099799056,

title = {The mid-Tournaisian (Early Carboniferous) anoxic event in the Laurussian shelf basin (Poland): An integrative approach},

author = { M. Rakociński and L. Marynowski and M. Zatoń and P. Filipiak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099799056&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2021.110236&partnerID=40&md5=c68a3da0e2b9c2b0f16285c71059094a},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110236},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {566},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A wide range of proxies (organic and inorganic geochemistry; gamma-ray spectrometry; microfacies; framboidal pyrite analysis) were applied in order to decipher changes in depositional conditions during the mid-Tournaisian anoxic event, referred to as the Lower Alum Shale Event (LASE) in the Polish part of the Laurussia basin. The LASE part of the section, unlike older Tournaisian deposits, is characterised by high concentrations of isorenieratane, palaeorenieratane, and their diagenetic derivatives, the occurrence of 2-methyl-3-iso-butyl-maleimides, and high values of the sterane-to-hopane ratio. The predominance of tiny pyrite framboids, inorganic data such as low values of the Th/U and high values of the Corg/P and V/Cr ratios, and generally higher enrichments of redox-sensitive metals such as U, V, Mo, Pb, and Zn and depletion in Mn, all suggest anoxic/euxinic conditions on the sea-bottom. The results of our investigations, especially Co, Mn, Cd, and Mo distribution patterns, demonstrate that enhanced primary productivity in the water column was responsible for a high degree of organic carbon burial rather than preservation in restricted conditions on the seafloor. This elevated productivity may have been generated by the upwelling of nutrient-rich deep water, an increase in volcanic activity and volcanogenic oceanic fertilisation, or both. Volcanically driven mid-Tournaisian climatic changes (warming), as manifested by high Zr concentrations and Hg anomalies, may have been responsible for the deglaciation of Gondwana resulting in the global crenulata transgression. The global rise in sea level and high level of organic productivity were responsible for the development of anoxic conditions and the halt of carbonate production, as reflected by drastic changes of facies not only in the sections investigated, but in many other parts of the world as well. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099119631,

title = {1,5-Naphthalene disulfonate stability and breakdown kinetics in aqueous solutions under geothermal conditions},

author = { L. Sajkowski and T.M. Seward and B.W. Mountain and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099119631&doi=10.1016%2fj.geothermics.2020.102038&partnerID=40&md5=8e85ba5a097bd1f88ed06921a71b76c2},

doi = {10.1016/j.geothermics.2020.102038},

issn = {03756505},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Geothermics},

volume = {91},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Naphthalene disulfonate solutions have been frequently injected into active geothermal reservoirs and their subsequent detection (“recovery”) in nearby wells/bore holes used as an indicator of well connectivity. 1,5-naphthalene disulfonate (1;5-NDS) has been employed as model compound to investigate the thermal breakdown rates and reaction pathways of naphthalene disulfonates and naphthalene sulfonates in oxygen-free sodium chloride solutions at elevated temperatures. Two series of experiments were conducted using quartz glass ampoules. The first series focused on the 1,5-NDS breakdown rate in and different salt solutions (i.e. NaCl +/- Na2SO4; NaHS/H2S and FeS2) at saturated vapour pressure at 250, 270 and 300 °C. The second series focused on 1,5-NDS breakdown between 200 and 300 °C, for one, two and three weeks at each temperature. Results show that 1,5-NDS breakdown is temperature-dependent and generates mixture of products. At 200 °C, 1,5-NDS breakdown forms mainly 1-naphthalene sulfonate (1-NSA), whereas above 250 °C, 1,5-NDS generated significant amounts of naphthalene (NAP). NAP remains stable at experimental conditions. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85087789832,

title = {Long-distance fluid migration defines the diagenetic history of unique Ediacaran sediments in the East European Craton},

author = { A. Derkowski and J. Środoń and M. Goryl and L. Marynowski and M. Szczerba and S. Mazur},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087789832&doi=10.1111%2fbre.12485&partnerID=40&md5=ba035a7f2f03a1393eb558e87b4feede},

doi = {10.1111/bre.12485},

issn = {0950091X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Basin Research},

volume = {33},

number = {1},

pages = {570-593},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {The diagenetic history of the Ediacaran sedimentary rocks in the East European Craton (EEC) over the area extending from Arkhangelsk (Russia) in the north to Podolia (Ukraine) in the south was revealed by means of the XRD characterization and K–Ar dating of clay fractions, mudstone porosity measurements and organic geochemistry investigations. Mudstone porosity measurements produced direct evidence of shallow maximum burial of the Ediacaran sediments on the craton (Russia; Lithuania; Belarus; Volyn), not exceeding 1.5 km, and much deeper burial at the cratonic margin, in Podolia and Poland. In general, illitization of smectite and biomarker indices indicates more advanced diagenesis at the cratonic margin. K–Ar dating of authigenic illite–smectite and aluminoceladonite revealed the Palaeozoic age of mineral diagenesis (ca. 450–300 Ma) both on the craton and its margin, with older ages generally observed in the north. When the maximum palaeotemperatures were evaluated from illite–smectite and biomarkers, based on the calibrations from the conventional burial diagenetic sections, a major mismatch was detected for the cratonic area: 100°C–130°C from illite––smectite and tens of oC lower from the lipid biomarkers. This diagenetic pattern was interpreted as the result of short-lasting (in ky scale) pulses of potassium-bearing hot fluids migrating from the Caledonian and Variscan orogens deep in the craton interior, effectively promoting illitization in porous rocks without altering the organic matter. Analogous short pulses of fluids were responsible for numerous diagenetic phenomena, including Mississippi Valley-Type ore deposits, in the American Midwest, in front of the Appalachians. K–Ar dating indicates that the entire Proterozoic sedimentary cover of the Great Unconformity on the EEC remained untouched by measureable post-sedimentary changes until the early Palaeozoic, thus for over 1000 My, which is an unprecedented finding. © 2020 International Association of Sedimentologists and European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers and John Wiley & Sons Ltd},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85118340781,

title = {Sugars in environmental samples and sedimentary rocks – effectiveness in derivatization for gc-ms analysis},

author = { J. Smolarek-Lach and M. Goryl and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118340781&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1609&partnerID=40&md5=c4221a181e37b6816e7846806d54f20f},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1609},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {65},

number = {3},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Saccharides (sugars), common constituents of the bio-and geosphere, are useful in determining the source of organic matter (OM) in aerosols and early diagenetic phases. Due to the chemical properties and great diversity of sugars in nature, a wide range of techniques is used for the isolation and quantification of saccharides. Here, gas chromatography-mass spec-trometry analysis, preceded by derivatization with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)tri fluoroacetamide (BSTFA), was undertaken. The effectiveness of this derivatization was demonstrated for soils, aerosols, fungi, and individual sugar standards. The efficacy of BSTFA derivatization for individual sugar standards and, similarly, for samples of sugars in winter and summer aerosols was adequate. In fungi and soil samples, the MSTFA re-agent was much more effective. Different mono-and disaccharides were identified in biological samples and sedimentary rocks, showing not only the great diversity of these compounds but also the specificity of their origin in recent and ancient OM. Greater variation in the occurrence of sugars in soils compared to rocks may suggest differences in the stability of some saccharides at an early stage of diagenetic transformation. Comparison of the occurrence of certain sugars in biological samples and sedimentary rocks sheds new light on the origin and preservation of these biomolecules. © 2021, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85089820782,

title = {Seasonal and vertical variability of saccharides and other organic tracers of PM10 in relation to weather conditions in an urban environment of Upper Silesia, Poland},

author = { L. Marynowski and E.B. Łupikasza and K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Niedźwiedź and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089820782&doi=10.1016%2fj.atmosenv.2020.117849&partnerID=40&md5=d0c65b4e064f6a3a076cab7996c52eda},

doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117849},

issn = {13522310},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Atmospheric Environment},

volume = {242},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {PM10 samples collected over one year from the city of Sosnowiec, part of the Upper Silesia metropolis were studied. The locale was a gradient meteorological station, 4 m and 100 m above ground. The dominant compounds identified were anhydro-, mono- and disaccharides which were divided into three groups of organic tracers (OT): biomass burning (BB) including low-rank coal burning, pollen grains (PG) and fungal spores (FS). The BB group included: levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan, complemented with vanillic and dehydroabietic acids. The PG group included: fructose, glucose and sucrose, supplemented with D-pinitol, and the FS tracers included: arabitol, mannitol and trehalose. Levoglucosan reached 1503 ng/m3 in heating season at 4 m and 983 ng/m3 at 100 m. These values are among the highest mean concentrations of levoglucosan reported in Europe, confirming severe pollution of the Upper Silesian urban environment. We also suggest that the significant levoglucosan levels during the non-heating seasons could be from wind advected polluted soil and dust. All FS tracers correlate well with fungal spore counts, while the correlation of pollen numbers with their typical molecular tracers is statistically less significant. Weather conditions significantly influence the concentration of OT in aerosols. Among these, air temperature is a factor that affects the occurrence/existence of OT in the atmosphere, while temperature inversions are the main phenomenon which determines elevated concentrations of pollutants and their vertical variation in ambient air. For example, the concentration of BB tracers can be twice as high at 4 m as at 100 m under moderate to strong temperature inversions associated with low wind speed. Water vapor pressure and sun irradiation are also important factors controlling OT concentrations. This is one of the first studies of vertical differences in organic tracers which presents the variability and complexity of the processes affecting their concentrations in ambient air. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85082809689,

title = {Volcanic related methylmercury poisoning as the possible driver of the end-Devonian Mass Extinction},

author = { M. Rakociński and L. Marynowski and A. Pisarzowska and J. Bełdowski and G. Siedlewicz and M. Zatoń and M.C. Perri and C. Spalletta and H.P. Schönlaub},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082809689&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-020-64104-2&partnerID=40&md5=f478c7c519f96f2e2443afc4e0f09482},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-64104-2},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Research},

abstract = {The end-Devonian global Hangenberg event (359 Ma) is among the most devastating mass extinction events in Earth’s history, albeit not one of the “Big Five”. This extinction is linked to worldwide anoxia caused by global climatic changes. These changes could have been driven by astronomical forcing and volcanic cataclysm, but ultimate causes of the extinction still remain unclear. Here we report anomalously high mercury (Hg) concentration in marine deposits encompassing the Hangenberg event from Italy and Austria (Carnic Alps). The Hangenberg event recorded in the sections investigated can be here interpreted as caused by extensive volcanic activity of large igneous provinces (LIPs), arc volcanism and/or hydrothermal activity. Our results (very large Hg anomalies) imply volcanism as a most possible cause of the Hangenberg event, similar to other first order mass extinctions during the Phanerozoic. For the first time we show that apart from anoxia, proximate kill mechanism of aquatic life during the event could have been methylmercury formed by biomethylation of a volcanically derived, huge concentration of inorganic Hg supplied to the ocean. Methylmercury as a much more toxic Hg form, potentially could have had a devastating impact on end-Devonian biodiversity, causing the extinction of many pelagic species. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85091205220,

title = {Co-occurrence of charcoal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and terrestrial biomarkers in an early Permian swamp to lagoonal depositional system, Paraná Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil},

author = { R. Kubik and L. Marynowski and D. Uhl and A. Jasper},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091205220&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2020.103590&partnerID=40&md5=fe9b8a7d047ea0d6734c43ff7fd95e5f},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2020.103590},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {230},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Permian period had the most oxygen-rich atmosphere in Earth's history. With the presence of large amounts of fuel from vegetation, there was therefore a high probability of igniting fires during this time. This study presents the geochemical characterization of charcoal-bearing Asselian sediments, represented by terrestrial to lagoonal facies, collected from the Quitéria and Curva do Belvedere outcrops, Paraná Basin, Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. Lower Permian sedimentary rock organic extracts were studied using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, to determine their molecular composition. Associations were found between biomarkers of unburned terrestrial gymnosperm plants and organic matter (OM) of pyrolytic origin. The predominance of odd-carbon n-alkanes with a high molecular weight (C25–C31), indicates an origin from higher plants. The same pattern was observed for high molecular weight even-carbon n-carboxylic acids, but was less distinctive. Between other polar compounds, aromatic carboxylic acids, and aldehydes associated with decomposition of lignin, were found as important polar fraction constituents. Aromatic carboxylic acids were also the main components of a copper oxide (CuO) oxidation experiment, which imply preservation of lignin remnants in OM-rich sedimentary rocks. Other higher plant biomarkers were represented by cadalene, simonellite, retene and perylene. Aromatic hydrocarbon series such as alkylnaphthalenes and alkylphenanthrenes are very common in the OM-rich mudstones, and rare or absent in alluvial fan or lagoon deposits, which may be associated with secondary processes like water washing and OM oxidation. Unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), common in pyrolytic processes, were widespread in the investigated material. The PAHs with the highest concentrations in the rock samples were benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, chrysene/triphenylene, fluoranthene and pyrene. Less abundant but almost always present were phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, anthracene and 13H-indeno[1;2-e]pyrene. The temperatures and types of wildfires were assessed based on total unsubstituted PAH concentrations and fusinite reflectance measurements. The estimated temperatures were around 400–500 °C, which correspond to surface fires. These findings suggest that wildfires occurred more commonly during dry seasons when the swamps were periodically desiccated. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85088918438,

title = {Microbial methane formation from different lithotypes of Miocene lignites from the Konin Basin, Poland: Geochemistry of the gases and composition of the microbial communities},

author = { M. Bucha and A. Detman and Ł. Pleśniak and W. Drzewicki and D. Kufka and A. Chojnacka and D. Mielecki and J. Krajniak and M.O. Jędrysek and A. Sikora and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088918438&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2020.103558&partnerID=40&md5=442f5f2d3c0f2c443cd6208b7f56e7e9},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2020.103558},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {229},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The present research compares the yield of microbial methane production from different lithotypes of Miocene lignite from the Konin Basin in Poland and attempts to establish an understanding of the processes responsible for methanogenesis. A series of batch experiments were carried out with detritic and xylitic lignites inoculated with microorganisms from an external source (the anaerobic chamber of a wastewater treatment plant in a sugar factory). Biogas volume, concentration and stable carbon isotopes of microbial methane were measured. It was found that detritic lignites are a slightly more suitable raw material for microbial methane production than xylites. Methane yield for detritic lignites equalled 14.3 μmol CH4/g of total organic carbon (TOC); for xylites, 13.7 μmol CH4/g of TOC. The mean δ13C(CH4) value in experiments with detritic coal from Konin equalled −36.3‰; for fossil wood fragments, −47.3‰ and −42.7‰. We suppose that differences in mean δ13C(CH4) values from the biodegradation of different lithotypes of lignite from the Konin Basin most probably depend on cellulose and lignin content (%). The holocellulose content in xylites decreased over time, suggesting the important role of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose. Methane from detritic lignite was formed due to lignin decomposition. Methane-producing microbial communities were dominated by Bacteria mainly from the phyla Proteobacteria (Alpha-; Beta- and Gamma- or Deltaproteobacteria), Firmicutes (Clostridia and Bacilli), Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Archaea constituted only 2–6% of the microbial community, including Methanosarcinales, Methanomicrobiales, and Methanobacteriales. The data presented here show no clear correlations between lignite type and specific bacterial or archaeal taxa. However, certain tendencies were observed. Exiguobacterium and Pseudomonas are more abundant in xylites, Rhizobacteriaceae in detritic lignites. This indicates the complexity and diversity of lignite material and processes leading to lignite degradation. In the presented research model, anaerobic oxidation of methane may occur. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85085246367,

title = {Variations in δ13C values of levoglucosan from low-temperature burning of lignite and biomass},

author = { M. Rybicki and L. Marynowski and A. Bechtel and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085246367&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2020.138991&partnerID=40&md5=5bf73659efcd973eedd0974c9ab2c86c},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138991},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {733},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Levoglucosan, an anhydrosaccharide, is commonly used as an organic tracer for biomass burning, but has also been identified from coal smoke particulate matter (PM) including lignites. Here we showed that stable carbon isotope analysis specifically of levoglucosan may be one possible way to determine the relative contributions from coal combustion versus biomass burning sources. PM samples were collected from low-temperature burning/smoldering of Miocene lignites from Poland and basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) representative of biomass. The calculated levoglucosan δ13C values of xylites varied from −23.6 to −21.6‰, while for detritic coal samples they ranged from −24.2 to −23.1‰, with means of −22.7 and −23.7‰, respectively. The calculated levoglucosan δ13C value of basket willow wood was −27.1‰. Values of willow wood mixtures with xylite varied from −25.8 to −23.4‰ (with an increasing proportion of xylite), while values of mixtures of willow and detritic coal ranged from −26.9 to −24.6‰ (with an increasing proportion of detritic coal). The δ13C values for the mixtures changed proportionally to the contents of individual components with R2 = 0.88 and 0.89 for willow with xylite and detritic coal, respectively. The hopanoid distributions characteristic for low-temperature lignite/peat burning, with a predominance of 22R-α,β-homohopane, ββ-hopanes and hopenes, as well as low or very low values of the homohopane index, were observed in smoke PM from most lignite samples and absent in the basket willow sample. Thus, the relatively high content of hopanes (with the occurrence of 22R-α;β-homohopane; ββ-hopanes and hopenes) in atmospheric PM samples can be treated as additional tracers of lignite combustion. © 2020 The Authors},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85082826611,

title = {Large environmental disturbances caused by magmatic activity during the Late Devonian Hangenberg Crisis},

author = { A. Pisarzowska and M. Rakociński and L. Marynowski and M. Szczerba and M. Thoby and M. Paszkowski and M.C. Perri and C. Spalletta and H.P. Schönlaub and N. Kowalik and M. Gereke},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082826611&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2020.103155&partnerID=40&md5=16045a0f1d351937bbe7baaf939d9659},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103155},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {190},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A wide range of various proxies (e.g.; mineralogy; organic carbon; inorganic geochemistry; C and Mo isotopes; and framboidal pyrite) were applied for interpretation of changing oceanic redox conditions, bioproductivity, and the regional history of magmatic activity. This resulted in internally consistent interpretation of the late Famennian Hangenberg Crisis in subtropical deepest water sites of the epeiric Rhenohercynian and Saxo–Thuringian basins, as well as more open sites of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. High mercury concentrations were detected in all of the studied sections, with the highest values strata in the Carnic Alps (up to 20 ppm) and Thuringia (up to 1.5 ppm). The beginning of the Hg anomaly and the presence of pyroclastic material, indicate that local magmatic activity was initiated before the deposition of the Hangenberg Black Shale (HBS). The onset of the HBS deposition coincided with the expansion of phosphate-enriched, anoxic to euxinic waters during short-lived CO2-greenhouse spike of a warm–humid climate. Intensive magmatic activity was a trigger for climatic changes, an excessive eutrophication, and an accelerated burial of organic carbon during the Hangenberg transgressive pulse. The injection of catastrophic amounts of CO2, toxic elements and acids from volcanic activity could have led to acidification, mutation of spores, and episodes of mass mortality of marine plankton. © 2020 The Authors},

note = {19},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85079238246,

title = {Composition of organic compounds from low-temperature burning of lignite and their application as tracers in ambient air},

author = { M. Rybicki and L. Marynowski and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079238246&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemosphere.2020.126087&partnerID=40&md5=55288df11ac7f26390e9127aa99067b1},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126087},

issn = {00456535},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Chemosphere},

volume = {249},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Levoglucosan, a product from thermal decomposition of cellulose, is widely known as an organic tracer of biomass burning, but has also been reported from coal smoke particulate matter (PM) including lignites. This study provides direct evidence that levoglucosan is generated not only during low-temperature burning/smoldering of xylite, but also from other lignite types including detritic and detroxylitic brown coals from Poland. Moreover, only trace amounts of mannosan and galactosan have been detected in PM of lignite smoke. The hopanes in lignite smoke PM comprise the thermodynamically unstable ββ-hopanes and hopenes, with values of the homohopane index 22S/(22S + 22R) ranging from 0.02 to 0.12. This is characteristic for immature organic matter, and combined with the presence of anhydrosaccharides can be used as tracers for lignite combustion in ambient air. Furthermore, almost all Miocene lignite smoke PM samples contain α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols, and prist-1-ene. This is the first report of the occurrence of all four tocopherol isomers in the geological record (in lignite extracts) and in lignite smoke PM samples. Lower α-tocopherol is observed for the lignite burn-test samples than in the corresponding lignite extracts, probably due to partial chain degradation to prist-1-ene during combustion. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85081047423,

title = {Terpenoid biomarkers of ambers from Miocene tropical paleoenvironments in Borneo and of their potential extant plant sources},

author = { B.R.T. Simoneit and D.R. Oros and Ł. Karwowski and Ł. Szendera and J. Smolarek-Lach and M. Goryl and M. Bucha and M. Rybicki and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081047423&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2020.103430&partnerID=40&md5=bbc4d9da365e778a7079a51113ac8268},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2020.103430},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {221},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The chemical composition of ambers is highly diverse, characterized by the occurrence of a variety of terpenoids including: mono-, sesqui-, di-, and triterpenoids. The direct analyses of their chemical constituents in total extracts using polar solvents permits the elucidation of unaltered natural products, which are characteristic of the source plants or paleobiome. At this time, knowledge is limited about the plant origins of fossil resins that formed in tropical climatic conditions. Here, we present the complex chemical characteristics of Miocene fossil resins (resinites; termed here as ambers) from the tropics of Kalimantan (Borneo; Indonesia). Extant plant resins from the same geoclimatic region were also analyzed to identify the potential botanical sources of the ambers. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses of total extracts (silylated and methylated) of natural and amber samples were carried out and compared with standard compounds. The main producers of resins forming these Miocene ambers were angiosperms - probably resins of Shorea and less likely Hopea, but not Dipterocarpus species. The key chemotaxonomic marker, present in the ambers and extant Shorea species, was asiatic acid. All samples were composed of sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids in various proportions, without diterpenoids, characteristic for flowering plants. The sesquiterpenoids in the resins of both ambers and extant plants were primarily natural products with the cadinane skeleton. The triterpenoids of the extant resins of the Dipterocarpaceae and Miocene ambers were characterized by a prevalence of ursane over oleanane types. Polymerization of cadinoids in resins from Shorea species and in the ambers was not extensive. Based on the amber compositions we conclude that the molecular alteration of the Miocene deposits from Kalimantan is rather low, but differs depending on their location. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85076608823,

title = {Origin and significance of saccharides during initial pedogenesis in a temperate climate region},

author = { L. Marynowski and O. Rahmonov and J. Smolarek-Lach and M. Rybicki and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85076608823&doi=10.1016%2fj.geoderma.2019.114064&partnerID=40&md5=54ee9e53760ab5f89e7e8e87428a1e3f},

doi = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114064},

issn = {00167061},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geoderma},

volume = {361},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Saccharides are common constituents of soils, but their role and origin in the initial phases of pedogenesis remain unclear. Here we show the detailed composition of neutral sugars extracted from arenosols at different development stages, combined with additional lipids of diverse origins using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). During the first stage (I) of development sucrose is the most abundant saccharide in the soil crust at up to 45,000 µg/g TOC. Sucrose is also the predominant compound in the second and third development stages, but its concentration decreased to the range of 1600 to 16,000 µg/g TOC. Stages II and III of soil development were characterized by a gradual increase in arabitol, mannitol and trehalose, compounds typical for fungi and lichen. Their abundances increased from several percent (compared to the major sucrose) to 10–32% for mannitol and 34–54% for trehalose. Moreover, in stage III there was a considerable increase in the contents of the saccharides: pinitol, myo-inositol, scyllo-inositol, arabinose, together with non-sugar compounds: dehydroabietic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid and sitosterol. All these latter compounds are higher plant markers, mainly derived from conifer detritus. The relationships between the ratios of trehalose/sucrose vs. (mannitol + arabitol)/sucrose and TOC vs. (mannitol + arabitol)/sucrose differentiated precisely the top soil layer of arenosols which are covered by different stages of biological soil crust. Our study shows that free sugars, supplemented by lipid biomarkers and total organic carbon contents, are good indicators of soil in the initial phase of pedogenesis. © 2019 The Authors},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85078696282,

title = {Pedogenic siderites fossilizing Ediacaran soil microorganisms on the Baltica paleocontinent},

author = { M.J. Bojanowski and M. Goryl and B. Kremer and B. Marciniak-Maliszewska and L. Marynowski and J. Środoń},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078696282&doi=10.1130%2fG46746.1&partnerID=40&md5=7f7e0de59a59d69f925bfed32240e2bd},

doi = {10.1130/G46746.1},

issn = {00917613},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {48},

number = {1},

pages = {62-66},

publisher = {Geological Society of America},

abstract = {Ediacaran siderite-bearing sedimentary rocks from the western part of the East European craton exhibit features typical of redoximorphic paleosols, including pedogenic siderite (e.g.; sphaerosiderite) with uniform and negative δ18O and highly variable δ13C values. The siderite precipitated in water-logged soils in a hot and humid climate, and represents a rare example of pedogenic siderite formed before the rise of vascular plants. Morphology of soil microorganisms was preserved in three dimensions due to the early siderite precipitation. These are mainly filamentous and tube-like threads, which might belong to cyanobacteria or fungi, and spherical structures resembling green algae. This microbial life fostered development of strongly reducing soils in tropical wetlands on the Baltica paleocontinent. The Ediacaran sediments of the western East European craton, traditionally regarded as marine, are reinterpreted as containing sections affected by freshwater conditions, documenting the presence of microbial life on the Ediacaran land. © 2019 Geological Society of America.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85074671098,

title = {Phosphorus-cycle disturbances during the Late Devonian anoxic events},

author = { L.M.E. Percival and D.P.G. Bond and M. Rakociński and L. Marynowski and A.V.S. Hood and T. Adatte and J.E. Spangenberg and K.B. Föllmi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074671098&doi=10.1016%2fj.gloplacha.2019.103070&partnerID=40&md5=28531517fe57caa057514232064a86e5},

doi = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103070},

issn = {09218181},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Global and Planetary Change},

volume = {184},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Late Devonian was marked by repeated faunal crises and episodes of geographically widespread marine anoxia, and featured one of the ‘Big Five’ mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic Aeon during the Frasnian–Famennian transition. However, the processes responsible for causing the numerous anoxic events remain unclear. This study highlights the occurrence of disturbances to the phosphorus cycle during several Late Devonian crises by investigating sedimentary concentrations of the element (Ptot) as a tracer of nutrient influx, as well as its ratio with total organic carbon (TOC) to infer the recycling of the element from marine sediments. Increased TOC/Ptot ratios in the Frasnian–Famennian Lower and Upper Kellwasser horizons and upper Famennian Annulata and Hangenberg levels suggest that such nutrient recycling occurred across extensive areas of the marine shelf in Laurentia and both Rheic Ocean margins at those times, helping to sustain reducing conditions in those environments. Elevated Ptot values in the Upper Kellwasser, Annulata, and Hangenberg levels are consistent with an enhanced nutrient influx as the initial trigger for the anoxia. Correlation of phosphorus trends with other geochemical indicators of weathering/detrital influx (osmium-isotope; silicon/aluminum; and titanium/aluminium ratios) support a scenario in which terrestrial runoff provided these nutrients both to marine shelves and the oceanic inventory. Upwelling of oceanic deep-water bodies may have then brought the phosphorus to areas that had not featured major direct inputs of terrigenous material. The exception is the Lower Kellwasser Event, during which there was no increase in phosphorus delivery to marine areas and no evidence for terrestrial influx at the studied sections, invoking a different mechanism for the development of water-column anoxia. Clearly, the Late Devonian marine realm was unusually susceptible to becoming anoxic through various possible triggers, including nutrient influx from land and/or deep-water upwelling, and the recycling of phosphorus from newly deposited sediments. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85075114765,

title = {Coincidence of photic zone euxinia and impoverishment of arthropods in the aftermath of the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis},

author = { K. Broda and L. Marynowski and M. Rakociński and M. Zatoń},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075114765&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-52784-4&partnerID=40&md5=1aa3672ae265c958e270da6309581307},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-52784-4},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},

abstract = {The lowermost Famennian deposits of the Kowala quarry (Holy Cross Mountains; Poland) are becoming famous for their rich fossil content such as their abundant phosphatized arthropod remains (mostly thylacocephalans). Here, for the first time, palaeontological and geochemical data were integrated to document abundance and diversity patterns in the context of palaeoenvironmental changes. During deposition, the generally oxic to suboxic conditions were interrupted at least twice by the onset of photic zone euxinia (PZE). Previously, PZE was considered as essential in preserving phosphatised fossils from, e.g., the famous Gogo Formation, Australia. Here, we show, however, that during PZE, the abundance of arthropods drastically dropped. The phosphorous content during PZE was also very low in comparison to that from oxic-suboxic intervals where arthropods are the most abundant. As phosphorous is essential for phosphatisation but also tends to flux off the sediment during bottom water anoxia, we propose that the PZE in such a case does not promote the fossilisation of the arthropods but instead leads to their impoverishment and non-preservation. Thus, the PZE conditions with anoxic bottom waters cannot be presumed as universal for exceptional fossil preservation by phosphatisation, and caution must be paid when interpreting the fossil abundance on the background of redox conditions. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85062285436,

title = {Mercury Spikes Indicate a Volcanic Trigger for the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction Event: An Example from a Deep Shelf of the Peri-Baltic Region},

author = { J. Smolarek-Lach and L. Marynowski and W. Trela and P.B. Wignall},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062285436&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-39333-9&partnerID=40&md5=2241b962ef650d98c001033a4f67c00c},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-39333-9},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},

abstract = {The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) was the second largest Phanerozoic crisis, but its cause remains elusive. Several triggering mechanisms have been proposed over the years, including bioevolutionary events, oceanographic changes, and geotectonic processes. Here, we report the presence of Hg spikes in the Zbrza PIG-1 borehole from the Upper Ordovician deep shelf sections of the peri-Baltic region. A strong positive anomaly in the lower late Katian (Hg/TOC = 2537.3 ppb/wt%) was noted. No correlation between Hg and TOC (R 2 = 0.07) was distinguished in the Hirnantian, although several positive anomalies were found. Because the Hg/Mo ratio showed trends very similar to those of Hg/TOC, it seems likely that TOC values reflect the redox conditions. In order to evaluate the role of anoxia in levels of Hg enrichment several redox indicators were measured. These showed that the elevated mercury values in the Hirnantian are not caused by anoxia/euxinia because euxinic biomarkers (maleimides and aryl isoprenoids) are present in very low abundance and pyrite framboids are absent. In total, positive Hg/TOC anomalies occur in the lower late Katian, at the Katian - Hirnantian boundary, and in the late Hirnantian. The lack of a strong Hg/TOC correlation, Ni enrichments, and the absence of ‘anoxic indicators’ (no biomarkers; no framboids; low Mo concentration) at these levels, supports the interpretation that Hg enrichment is due to enhanced environmental loading. We conclude that our Hg and Hg/TOC values were associated with volcanic pulses which triggered the massive environmental changes resulting in the Late Ordovician mass extinction. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85067204658,

title = {Utility of Raman spectroscopy in estimates of the thermal maturity of Ediacaran organic matter: An example from the East European Craton},

author = { M. Goryl and K. Banasik and J. Smolarek-Lach and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85067204658&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemer.2019.06.001&partnerID=40&md5=15dcf047c30e0ab654519c798e74fe49},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemer.2019.06.001},

issn = {00092819},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Chemie der Erde},

volume = {79},

number = {3},

pages = {467-474},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Raman spectroscopy was used as a supplementary method to characterise the thermal maturity of Ediacaran organic matter (OM) from the East European Craton. Because this method is based on organic particles measurement, it appears to be a good supplementary method in addition to the acquisition of biomarker data, which is based on extractable organic matter and may be affected by potential contamination. Raman spectroscopy seems to be particularly useful for lower Palaeozoic rocks, which do not contain vitrinite. Here, we compared C31 22S/(S + R) homohopane ratio results (obtained using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry), with various Raman parameters including: G_STA, Gmax position, Dmax/Gmax, FWHMG, RAR, D_STA, and PDmax. Close correlations were observed between C31 22S/(S + R) and G_STA, Gmax position, Dmax/Gmax, and FWHMG, reaching values of R2 = 0.5‒0.6, whereas no correlation existed between homohopane ratio and the RAR, D_STA, and PDmax parameters. Raman spectroscopy results divided Ediacaran samples into two distinctive groups: (i) immature (Russian; Lithuanian; and Belarusian), characterised by relatively higher values of G_STA, Dmax/Gmax, and FWHMG and relatively lower values of PGmax, and (ii) mature (Polish and Ukrainian), with relatively lower values of G_STA, Dmax/Gmax, and FWHMG and relatively higher values of PGmax. Within each group no statistically confirmed differences were found. However, significant discrepancies were observed between the hopane ratio and Raman parameters in Lithuanian samples, in relation to other samples from the group (i). Values of the C31 22S/(S + R) ratio for Lithuanian samples are close to those for the group (ii) and significantly higher than those for the group (i). However, all Raman parameters are the same as those of the rest samples from the group (i), indicating the immature character of OM from Lithuanian rocks. We interpret this discrepancy as representing contamination of the cores with drilling fluids, resulting in increased values for the C31 22S/(S + R) ratio. In this case, Raman spectroscopy is a useful tool for detecting extract contamination and appears to be an effective and decisive method in the case of rocks suspected of contamination. © 2019 Elsevier GmbH},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85063875524,

title = {Pulses of enhanced continental weathering associated with multiple Late Devonian climate perturbations: Evidence from osmium-isotope compositions},

author = { L.M.E. Percival and D. Selby and D.P.G. Bond and M. Rakociński and G. Racki and L. Marynowski and T. Adatte and J.E. Spangenberg and K.B. Föllmi},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063875524&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2019.03.036&partnerID=40&md5=b30b10e38927b3cfb643975c5d591b41},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.03.036},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {524},

pages = {240-249},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Anomalously high rates of continental weathering have frequently been proposed as a key stimulus for the development of widespread marine anoxia during a number of Late Devonian environmental and biospheric crises, which included a major mass extinction during the Frasnian–Famennian transition (marked by the Upper and Lower Kellwasser horizons). Here, this model is investigated by presenting the first stratigraphic record of osmium-isotope trends ( 187 Os/ 188 Os) in upper Devonian strata from the Kowala Quarry (Holy Cross Mountains; Poland). Changes in reconstructed 187 Os/ 188 Os seawater values to more radiogenic compositions are documented at the base of both the Lower (~0.42 to ~0.83) and Upper (~0.31 to ~0.81) Kellwasser horizons characteristic of the Frasnian–Famennian transition, and additionally within upper Famennian shales that record a more minor environmental perturbation known as the Annulata Event (~0.20 to ~0.53). These shifts indicate the occurrence of extremely enhanced continental weathering rates at the onsets of the Kellwasser crises and during the later Annulata Event. The similarity of 187 Os/ 188 Os values in this study from Frasnian–Famennian boundary and lower Famennian strata (between 0.4 and 0.5) to those from North American stratigraphic equivalents suggests that the 187 Os/ 188 Os values record global trends. These findings support a causal relationship between increased continental weathering (and thus; nutrient supply to the marine shelf) and the environmental perturbations that occurred during numerous Late Devonian events, including both of the biospherically catastrophic Kellwasser crises as well as other, less severe, oceanic anoxic events. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85062354759,

title = {Hydrothermal alteration of the Ediacaran Volyn-Brest volcanics on the western margin of the East European Craton},

author = { J. Środoń and O. Kuzmenkova and J.J. Stanek and S. Petit and D. Beaufort and H. Albert Gilg and S. Liivamägi and M. Goryl and L. Marynowski and M. Szczerba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062354759&doi=10.1016%2fj.precamres.2019.02.015&partnerID=40&md5=368e7d8698e85b7bdf564005ac06b14f},

doi = {10.1016/j.precamres.2019.02.015},

issn = {03019268},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Precambrian Research},

volume = {325},

pages = {217-235},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Ediacaran continental flood basalts and associated tuffs were studied to identify and quantify alteration processes by means of XRD and chemistry, supplemented by Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopies, petrography, oxygen and iron isotopes, K-Ar dating, and organic geochemistry. Two superimposed alteration processes were identified: the Ediacaran hydrothermal alteration, induced by meteoric waters, heated and put in motion by the cooling basalt, and the Caledonian and/or Variscan potassic alteration. The degree of basalt alteration was quantified using as an index the sum of primary minerals in the bulk rock. The sequence of minerals dissolved and crystallized during the hydrothermal alteration was established. The alteration resulted in the loss of Ca (dissolution of plagioclases), compensated by the gain of water and Mg (crystallization of clays), and proceeded from the edges of the basalt flows in an oxidizing environment, evidenced by the increasing amount of hematite and Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ ratio of the bulk rock. Cyanobacteria were active in the hydrothermal system, most probably responsible for the measured negative δ 56 Fe values and more reducing conditions at the stage of intense alteration. Chlorophaeite (palagonite), following quartz as the earliest petrographically identifiable basalt alteration product was found to vary systematically from fully isotropic to birefringent. The chlorophaeite was identified as a mixture of Fe-montmorillonite and Fe-saponite, identical with griffithite and oxysmectites, probably preceded by a finer-grained ferrosaponite at the isotropic stage. REE content of chlorophaeite indicates basaltic volcanic glass (sideromelane) as the major source of material. REE in clays are contained mostly in the dioctahedral smectite, while in the bulk rock mostly in phosphates. The smectite characteristics and Mg enrichment are indicative of the hydrothermal basalt alteration process, which perhaps was dominant also on Mars. Both mineral and chemical composition of tuffs vary continuously from basaltic to felsic, the latter close to the measured rhyodacite composition, dominated by quartz and feldspars. The basaltic tuffs resemble the most altered basalts but contain also abundant albite and chlorite, indicative of higher alteration temperatures, up to 220 °C. Tuff composition indicates stronger component of felsic volcanism in the trap formation than evidenced by the preserved bodies of effusive rocks. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85056247034,

title = {Reply to comment on the paper of Rakociński et al. “Redox conditions, productivity, and volcanic input during deposition of uppermost Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous organic-rich siltstones in Spitsbergen, Norway” [Cretaceous Research, 89 (2018): 126–147]},

author = { M. Rakociński and M. Zatoń and L. Marynowski and P. Gedl and J. Lehmann},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056247034&doi=10.1016%2fj.cretres.2018.10.014&partnerID=40&md5=f2ca2c2b68f99e067015f1cfa5d64f9e},

doi = {10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.014},

issn = {01956671},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Cretaceous Research},

volume = {96},

pages = {244-},

publisher = {Academic Press},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85057341552,

title = {Trehalose, mannitol and arabitol as indicators of fungal metabolism in Late Cretaceous and Miocene deposits},

author = { L. Marynowski and M. Goryl and M. Bucha and J. Smolarek-Lach and A. Detman and A. Sikora and A. Chojnacka and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057341552&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2018.11.003&partnerID=40&md5=9b63c4825a8532e9e734e81fc419aff9},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2018.11.003},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {201},

pages = {51-61},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Trehalose, mannitol and arabitol are the main saccharides of extant fungal metabolism, but their occurrence and distribution in geological materials have rarely been considered. Here, we identify these sugars in Miocene lignites and for the first time in Late Cretaceous mudstones and coals. The co-occurrence of trehalose, mannitol and arabitol in the sedimentary rocks investigated suggests their fungal origin, because these three saccharides are major compounds present in most modern fungi, including the very common mycorrhizal and wood-rotting groups. Therefore, we conclude that these sugars should be treated as new fungal biomarkers (biomolecules) present in geological rocks. Trehalose and mannitol are major compounds in total extracts of the samples and a sum of their concentration reaches 4.6 μg/g of sample. The arabitol concentrations do not exceed 0.5 μg/g, but in contrast to trehalose, the concentration correlates well with mannitol (R2 = 0.94), suggesting that they have the same, translocatory role in fungi. Based on the trehalose vs. mannitol and arabitol distributions in Cretaceous samples and their comparison with data for modern fungi, we preliminarily conclude that the coal seams from the Rakowice Małe (SW Poland) section were formed during warmer climatic periods than the overlying sediments. Furthermore, no DNA could be isolated from the samples of lignites and overlying sediments, whereas it was abundant in the control samples of maple, birch and oak wood degraded by fungi. This indicates an absence of recent fungi responsible for decay in lignites and implies that the saccharide origin is connected with ancient fungi. Other sugar alcohols and acids like D-pinitol, quinic acid and shikimic acid, were found for the first time in sedimentary rocks, and their source is inferred to be from higher plants, most likely conifers. The preservation of mono- and disaccharides of fungal origins in pre-Palaeogene strata implies that compounds previously thought as unstable can survive for tens to hundreds of millions of years without structural changes in immature rocks unaffected by secondary processes. © 2018},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85055562699,

title = {Decomposition of carbon-bearing compounds and their influence on methane formation in a lignite incubation experiment},

author = { M. Bucha and D. Kufka and Ł. Pleśniak and J. Krajniak and K. Kubiak and L. Marynowski and M.K. Błaszczyk and M.O. Jędrysek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055562699&doi=10.1080%2f01490451.2018.1506528&partnerID=40&md5=e0bd2a2a6daae2b3596e1aedb965a22c},

doi = {10.1080/01490451.2018.1506528},

issn = {01490451},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Geomicrobiology Journal},

volume = {36},

number = {1},

pages = {63-74},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Inc.},

abstract = {Carbon-bearing compounds (glucose; sodium acetate; methanol; yeast extract; and nutrient broth) were added in different proportions to cultures to stimulate methanogenesis in a lignite incubation experiment. Their addition significantly influenced the isotopic composition of methane generated during the fermentation of lignite. Glucose was degraded mainly in the first 2 weeks of incubation, when the atmospheric air was present in the headspace and used for biomass growth. Sodium acetate, methanol, and, presumably, lignite were decomposed in the next phase, in which anaerobic conditions occurred. The simultaneous decomposition of sodium acetate and methanol (as single substrates or as a mixture) with lignite resulted in the formation of methane with δ 13 C(CH 4 ) values typical for methyl-type fermentation. The identification of decomposed compounds in the mixture of sodium acetate and methanol was accomplished via isotopic analysis of carbon and hydrogen in the methane. The δ 2 H(CH 4 ) values in the case of methanol biodegradation were characterized by a negative trend over time, in contrast to a positive trend observed when sodium acetate decomposed. This observation may help to identify a very good tracer for the determination of methane precursors during methyl-type fermentation. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85073435040,

title = {Genesis of iron and manganese sediments in Zoloushka cave (Ukraine/Moldova) as revealed by δ13 C organic carbon},

author = { P. Kotula and V. Andreychouk and J. Pawlyta and L. Marynowski and I. Jendrzejewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073435040&doi=10.5038%2f1827-806X.48.3.2255&partnerID=40&md5=417dda3ee37957d8ad982ae08ef06923},

doi = {10.5038/1827-806X.48.3.2255},

issn = {03926672},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Speleology},

volume = {48},

number = {3},

pages = {221-235},

publisher = {Societa Speleologica Italiana},

abstract = {Zoloushka Cave is one of the largest maze gypsum caves in the world. Mining of the gypsum bedrock and lowering of the water level due to the pumping of groundwater led to exposure of the cave passages to vadose conditions and changed the hydrochemistry of the karst water. As a result, large quantities of Fe and Mn hydroxides were deposited in the passages. It was found that at least two groups of various organisms were involved in depositing ferrous and manganese sediments. In order to establish the mechanism of deposition, we conducted chemical analyses of the sediments and isotopic analyses of organic carbon. This enabled us to formulate a hypothetical model of the biogenic deposition of Fe and Mn compounds. According to the model, autotrophic iron bacteria precipitated Fe hydroxides. Organisms of this type assimilate CO2 from cave atmospheres and, as a result of isotopic fractionation during that process, organic matter in13C is depleted by 7.3‰ relative to CO2. Heterotrophic bacteria (responsible for depositing manganese oxides) parasitise on autotrophic bacteria without changing the carbon isotope composition of organic matter. Fungal organisms living in ferrous sediments separate carbon from organic matter, resulting in enrichment with the heavier carbon isotope by 2‰. RRECT OOF. © 2019, Societa Speleologica Italiana. All rights reserved.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85064171739,

title = {Reply to Comment by M.F. Pereira, J.B. Silva and C. Gama on “Baltic provenance of top-Famennian siliciclastic material of the northern Rhenish Massif, Rhenohercynian zone of the Variscan orogen, by Koltonik et al., International Journal of Earth Sciences (2018) 107:2645–2669”},

author = { K. Kołtonik and A. Pisarzowska and M. Paszkowski and J. Sláma and R.T. Becker and M. Szczerba and W. Krawczyński and S. Hartenfels and L. Marynowski and S. Mazur and W. Franke},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064171739&doi=10.1007%2fs00531-019-01692-z&partnerID=40&md5=1c52b1d945af9f8dd2b0ab24a4a05062},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-019-01692-z},

issn = {14373254},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85049616641,

title = {Baltic provenance of top-Famennian siliciclastic material of the northern Rhenish Massif, Rhenohercynian zone of the Variscan orogen},

author = { K. Kołtonik and A. Pisarzowska and M. Paszkowski and J. Sláma and R.T. Becker and M. Szczerba and W. Krawczyński and S. Hartenfels and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049616641&doi=10.1007%2fs00531-018-1628-4&partnerID=40&md5=fc4e9542019e6a4ab5bd747fe22988f3},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-018-1628-4},

issn = {14373254},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {107},

number = {8},

pages = {2645-2669},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {The provenance of top-Famennian sedimentary rocks linked to the Hangenberg Crisis from the northern Rhenish Massif (Germany) was investigated by the means of detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology. Based on the obtained age spectra, three main tectonothermal domains are recognized as possible sources: Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic (~ 2000–1000 Ma) units of Baltica and Early Paleozoic Caledonian orogen (~ 500–400 Ma). Our interpretation of the detritus having been derived from northern source areas, i.e., Baltica and the Scandinavian Caledonides, with a minor input of German-Polish (Rügen-Pomeranian) Caledonides, contradicts the traditional view that, during the Upper Devonian, the northern Rhenish Massif was supplied by detritus from the south. Complementary mineralogical, textural and geochemical analyses point to a derivation of the detritus of Drewer and Hangenberg Sandstones mainly from felsic, recycled continental crust. The elevated concentrations of Pb and Zn in the studied sections are a feature attributed to hydrothermal alteration related to the terminal Devonian synsedimentary volcanism or post-depositional Variscan deformation. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85051246364,

title = {Exceptional preservation of hopanoid and steroid biomarkers in Ediacaran sedimentary rocks of the East European Craton},

author = { M. Goryl and L. Marynowski and J.J. Brocks and I. Bobrovskiy and A. Derkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051246364&doi=10.1016%2fj.precamres.2018.07.026&partnerID=40&md5=855b36c23eb3545f9ec73af5eda75688},

doi = {10.1016/j.precamres.2018.07.026},

issn = {03019268},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Precambrian Research},

volume = {316},

pages = {38-47},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Thermally unstable hopanes with a biological 17β,21β (H)- configuration (ββ hopanes), hopenes, hopanoic acids and hopanols were identified as important constituents of Ediacaran to Cambrian sedimentary rocks of the East European Craton. Relatively high abundances of ββ hopanes in relation to αβ hopanes were identified in the Petersburg area and eastern Belarus, while in Volyn samples these compounds were found in traces. In addition, polar hopanoids including hopanols and hopanoic acids were found in most of the Petersburg and some Belarus and Volyn sedimentary rocks. The estimated equivalent of vitrinite reflectance for samples of lower maturity, measured based on C31ββ/(αβS + αβR + ββ) ratio is in the range 0.28–0.49% Rr, while for those of higher thermal maturity this parameter corresponds to 0.41–0.57% Rr. The values of the C31 22S/(S + R) ratio are in agreement with above data and are in the range of 0.1–0.3 for the Belarus and Petersburg samples, of 0.3–0.4 for Volyn, and of 0.4–0.5 for Lithuania, where ββ hopanes and hopanols were not detected or are present as traces. Moreover, there is good correlation (R2 = 0.8) between C31ββ/(αβS + αβR + ββ) and C31ENE/(H + ENE) ratio values (defined as ratio of C31 hopenes to αβ hopanes), which proves that less-stable ββ hopanes and hopenes are enriched in the same immature sedimentary rocks. The remarkable occurrence of a significant portion of sedimentary hopanes retaining the biological stereochemical configuration confirms that exceptionally immature Precambrian rocks can be found in some instances when these strata have undergone only a mild burial temperature history. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85053466208,

title = {Redox conditions, productivity, and volcanic input during deposition of uppermost Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous organic-rich siltstones in Spitsbergen, Norway},

author = { M. Rakociński and M. Zatoń and L. Marynowski and P. Gedl and J. Lehmann},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85053466208&doi=10.1016%2fj.cretres.2018.02.014&partnerID=40&md5=da5a1175d604706aba1a5b6dbe87b497},

doi = {10.1016/j.cretres.2018.02.014},

issn = {01956671},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Cretaceous Research},

volume = {89},

pages = {126-147},

publisher = {Academic Press},

abstract = {In this paper, uppermost Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous black organic-rich siltstones (Rurikfjellet Formation) from Carolinedalen (Isfjorden; Spitsbergen) are studied using integrated palynological, petrographic, and geochemical methods (organic and inorganic geochemistry as well as Rock-Eval pyrolysis) in order to decipher the depositional conditions prevailing during their sedimentation, the type of organic matter from which they were formed, and their potential for generating hydrocarbons. The age of these investigated sediments encompasses an interval from the upper Tithonian-Berriasian to the Hauterivian, dated on the basis of dinocyst biostratigraphy. The ammonoids found in loose form at the base of the investigated section, such as Laugeites groenlandicus, are indicative of the upper part of the middle Tithonian. Based on palynology, biomarkers, and Rock-Eval data, the kerogen in the investigated siltstones from Isfjorden is of the mixed II/III type; the organic matter is mixed marine and terrestrial in origin, and represents the early to peak ‘oil window’ maturation stage (Tmax around 440 °C). These siltstones were deposited under a high-productivity regime with oxic/dysoxic bottom water conditions, as evidenced from the size distribution of pyrite framboids, in which pyrites with diameters >5 μm predominate. Values of Th/U and Corg/P ratios generally above 3 and 30, respectively, along with pristane/phytane ratios >2 and sterane/hopane ratios <0.3, also indicate oxic to suboxic sedimentary conditions in the water column. Anoxia, if present, must have been short-lasting and formed oxygen minimum zone in the water column. Elevated productivity in the photic zone may have been generated by an increase in volcanic activity, as confirmed by higher Hg contents and/or terrigenous nutrient supply. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85049562767,

title = {Binding of heavy metals by oxidised kerogen in (palaeo)weathered black shales},

author = { A. Derkowski and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049562767&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemgeo.2018.06.025&partnerID=40&md5=cd8319b820d53e736f6ddfeb056fa649},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.06.025},

issn = {00092541},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {493},

pages = {441-450},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Sub-aerial weathering of black shales drives the gradual leaching of sulphur- and organic-bound heavy metal elements, which are usually abundant in these rocks due to depositional conditions. The formation of oxygen functional groups in kerogen, however, can lead to an opposing mechanism - metal adsorption and binding, similar to a process common in soils. An increase in cation exchange capacity (CEC) measured previously using metal complexes on black shales oxidised under laboratory conditions implies that the same phenomenon may occur in a naturally oxidised black shale. This idea was tested on a unique, well-developed and -preserved Permian palaeoweathering profile containing two neighbouring but diverse black shales from the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). In the studied black shale beds, the oxygen groups formed in kerogen in the partially-weathered zone were found to be responsible for significant changes in adsorption properties measured using hexamminecobalt(III) and Cu(II)‑triethylenetetramine cations, which are common probes for CEC. Compared to a pristine part of black shales, the partially weathered zone was depleted of total organic carbon (TOC), sulphur, and sulphur- and organic-bound metals, and highly enriched in Cu, which is generally present in low levels in the nascent shales. In the partially weathered zone, where TOC content is reduced, apparent CEC values surpass the CECs predicted from the contents and structures of clay minerals, and correlate linearly with the content of oxygen groups developed during weathering. The adsorption properties of carboxyl groups in the oxidised kerogen are suggested as being responsible for the syn- or post-weathering enrichment in Cu caused by the remobilisation of older Cu-sulphide ores present in the area. As opposed to natural weathering, aggressive oxidation, e.g. under laboratory conditions produces a high proportion of cross-linked oxygen groups that do not participate in metal cation adsorption. The CEC values of artificially oxidised samples reached a limit corresponding to those of naturally oxidised shales. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}