2021
Malicka, M.; Magurno, F.; Posta, K.; Chmura, D.; Piotrowska-Seget, Z.
In: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol. 217, 2021, ISSN: 01476513, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-85105830610,
title = {Differences in the effects of single and mixed species of AMF on the growth and oxidative stress defense in Lolium perenne exposed to hydrocarbons},
author = { M. Malicka and F. Magurno and K. Posta and D. Chmura and Z. Piotrowska-Seget},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105830610&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecoenv.2021.112252&partnerID=40&md5=293ad4644e65945d552f956a9ad8f128},
doi = {10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112252},
issn = {01476513},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},
volume = {217},
publisher = {Academic Press},
abstract = {Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous mutualistic plant symbionts that promote plant growth and protect them from abiotic stresses. Studies on AMF-assisted phytoremediation have shown that AMF can increase plant tolerance to the presence of hydrocarbon contaminants by improving plant nutrition status and mitigating oxidative stress. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of single and mixed-species AMF inocula (Funneliformis caledonium; Diversispora varaderana; Claroideoglomus walkeri), obtained from a contaminated environment, on the growth, oxidative stress (DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation), and activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase; catalase; peroxidase) in Lolium perenne growing on a substrate contaminated with 0/0–30/120 mg phenol/polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) kg−1. The assessment of AMF tolerance to the presence of contaminants was based on mycorrhizal root colonization, spore production, the level of oxidative stress, and antioxidative activity in AMF spores. In contrast to the mixed-species AMF inoculum, single AMF species significantly enhanced the growth of host plants cultured on the contaminated substrate. The effect of inoculation on the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in plant tissues differed between the AMF species. Changes in the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in AMF spores in response to contamination also depended on AMF species. Although the concentration of phenol and PAHs had a negative effect on the production of AMF spores, low (5/20 mg phenol/PAHs kg−1) and medium (15/60 mg phenol/PAHs kg−1) substrate contamination stimulated the mycorrhizal colonization of roots. Among the studied AMF species, F. caledonium was the most tolerant to phenol and PAHs and showed the highest potential in plant growth promotion. The results presented in this study might contribute to the development of functionally customized AMF-assisted phytoremediation strategies with indigenous AMF, more effective than commercial AMF inocula, as a result of their selection by the presence of contaminants. © 2021 The Authors},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous mutualistic plant symbionts that promote plant growth and protect them from abiotic stresses. Studies on AMF-assisted phytoremediation have shown that AMF can increase plant tolerance to the presence of hydrocarbon contaminants by improving plant nutrition status and mitigating oxidative stress. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of single and mixed-species AMF inocula (Funneliformis caledonium; Diversispora varaderana; Claroideoglomus walkeri), obtained from a contaminated environment, on the growth, oxidative stress (DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation), and activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase; catalase; peroxidase) in Lolium perenne growing on a substrate contaminated with 0/0–30/120 mg phenol/polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) kg−1. The assessment of AMF tolerance to the presence of contaminants was based on mycorrhizal root colonization, spore production, the level of oxidative stress, and antioxidative activity in AMF spores. In contrast to the mixed-species AMF inoculum, single AMF species significantly enhanced the growth of host plants cultured on the contaminated substrate. The effect of inoculation on the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in plant tissues differed between the AMF species. Changes in the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in AMF spores in response to contamination also depended on AMF species. Although the concentration of phenol and PAHs had a negative effect on the production of AMF spores, low (5/20 mg phenol/PAHs kg−1) and medium (15/60 mg phenol/PAHs kg−1) substrate contamination stimulated the mycorrhizal colonization of roots. Among the studied AMF species, F. caledonium was the most tolerant to phenol and PAHs and showed the highest potential in plant growth promotion. The results presented in this study might contribute to the development of functionally customized AMF-assisted phytoremediation strategies with indigenous AMF, more effective than commercial AMF inocula, as a result of their selection by the presence of contaminants. © 2021 The Authors
2019
Magurno, F.; Malicka, M.; Posta, K.; Woźniak, G.; Lumini, E.; Piotrowska-Seget, Z.
Glomalin gene as molecular marker for functional diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil Journal Article
In: Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2019, ISSN: 01782762, (14).
@article{2-s2.0-85062723495,
title = {Glomalin gene as molecular marker for functional diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil},
author = { F. Magurno and M. Malicka and K. Posta and G. Woźniak and E. Lumini and Z. Piotrowska-Seget},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062723495&doi=10.1007%2fs00374-019-01354-x&partnerID=40&md5=3e6b1c250d6b2f433e83e0599d5eda31},
doi = {10.1007/s00374-019-01354-x},
issn = {01782762},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Biology and Fertility of Soils},
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
abstract = {Among the ecological services provided by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), the process of soil aggregation is hypothesized to be partially mediated by glomalin, an alkaline-soluble glycoprotein released by AM fungi into soil during hyphal turnover and after the death of the fungus in the soil. The protein is characterized by abundant production and hydrophobic properties. Although glomalin has been identified in Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 as a putative homolog of heat shock protein 60, the use of expressed fungal genes encoding glomalin as a marker for functional AMF diversity was never exploited. The present work describes the first attempt to identify the glomalin gene in several AMF species, verify its reliability as gene marker for the identification and discrimination of AMF, and test the possibility to detect its expression in soil. We designed a specific PCR primers set able to amplify many known lineages of AMF glomalin gene. We demonstrated its applicability to create a new reference glomalin sequence dataset for comparative sequence analysis. The designed primer set was successfully used to amplify glomalin transcript from soil cDNA template. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},
note = {14},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Among the ecological services provided by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), the process of soil aggregation is hypothesized to be partially mediated by glomalin, an alkaline-soluble glycoprotein released by AM fungi into soil during hyphal turnover and after the death of the fungus in the soil. The protein is characterized by abundant production and hydrophobic properties. Although glomalin has been identified in Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 as a putative homolog of heat shock protein 60, the use of expressed fungal genes encoding glomalin as a marker for functional AMF diversity was never exploited. The present work describes the first attempt to identify the glomalin gene in several AMF species, verify its reliability as gene marker for the identification and discrimination of AMF, and test the possibility to detect its expression in soil. We designed a specific PCR primers set able to amplify many known lineages of AMF glomalin gene. We demonstrated its applicability to create a new reference glomalin sequence dataset for comparative sequence analysis. The designed primer set was successfully used to amplify glomalin transcript from soil cDNA template. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
2015
Magurno, F.; Sasvári, Z.; Posta, K.
Assessment of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi assemblages under different regimes of crop rotation Journal Article
In: Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1215-1229, 2015, ISSN: 15891623, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-84953332674,
title = {Assessment of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi assemblages under different regimes of crop rotation},
author = { F. Magurno and Z. Sasvári and K. Posta},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953332674&doi=10.15666%2faeer%2f1304_12151229&partnerID=40&md5=339602d184ec9b3d51b18ec9453ec1ee},
doi = {10.15666/aeer/1304_12151229},
issn = {15891623},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Applied Ecology and Environmental Research},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {1215-1229},
publisher = {Corvinus University of Budapest},
abstract = {Given the potential benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to agricultural productivity, the impact of agricultural practices on the AMF communities has been aim of an increasing number of studies. Using molecular markers on the large subunit rDNA, we investigated the influence of different long-term crop rotations on the structure and composition of the indigenous AMF community, at the experimental field in Martonvásár, Hungary. Only phylotypes belonging to the family Glomeraceae were detected. Comparing the root and soil AMF assemblages no significant correlations were found between the rotation systems and the composition of the communities. However the analysis of the diversity and the net relatedness index suggested an influence of the number and identity of the crops in rotation on the structure of the AMF communities. © 2015, ALÖKI Kft.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Given the potential benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to agricultural productivity, the impact of agricultural practices on the AMF communities has been aim of an increasing number of studies. Using molecular markers on the large subunit rDNA, we investigated the influence of different long-term crop rotations on the structure and composition of the indigenous AMF community, at the experimental field in Martonvásár, Hungary. Only phylotypes belonging to the family Glomeraceae were detected. Comparing the root and soil AMF assemblages no significant correlations were found between the rotation systems and the composition of the communities. However the analysis of the diversity and the net relatedness index suggested an influence of the number and identity of the crops in rotation on the structure of the AMF communities. © 2015, ALÖKI Kft.
2014
Magurno, F.; Sasvári, Z.; Posta, K.
From monoculture to the Norfolk system: assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with different crop rotation systems Journal Article
In: Symbiosis, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 115-125, 2014, ISSN: 03345114, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-84925518215,
title = {From monoculture to the Norfolk system: assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with different crop rotation systems},
author = { F. Magurno and Z. Sasvári and K. Posta},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84925518215&doi=10.1007%2fs13199-014-0309-8&partnerID=40&md5=8618dc85023a3910d66362a45f81b738},
doi = {10.1007/s13199-014-0309-8},
issn = {03345114},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Symbiosis},
volume = {64},
number = {3},
pages = {115-125},
publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
abstract = {In the last decades the management of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has drawn increasing attention as a biological alternative to chemicals. For a profitable capitalization of these symbiota, a better understanding of which mechanisms could affect the dynamics of AMF communities is required. In the present study we evaluated the influence of different crop rotations on the AMF communities, after a 50 years field experiment established at Martonvásár, Hungary. Four types of crop rotation were chosen for sampling: corn monocropping as a control, corn-alfalfa, corn-wheat and corn-spring barley-peas-wheat. The level of root mycorrhization and the spore abundance in the soil were measured at different sampling times. Community composition of AMF in roots was analyzed with a molecular approach amplifying a portion of 18S rDNA. In the corn monoculture we found a relatively rich AMF community, with a number of phylotypes detected (11) higher than those found in previous works by molecular tools. Comparing the different crop rotation types highlighted remarkable differences in the composition and structure of the AMF assemblages showing that the nature of crop sequence has, in the long term, an important role in modeling the resident AMF community. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the last decades the management of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has drawn increasing attention as a biological alternative to chemicals. For a profitable capitalization of these symbiota, a better understanding of which mechanisms could affect the dynamics of AMF communities is required. In the present study we evaluated the influence of different crop rotations on the AMF communities, after a 50 years field experiment established at Martonvásár, Hungary. Four types of crop rotation were chosen for sampling: corn monocropping as a control, corn-alfalfa, corn-wheat and corn-spring barley-peas-wheat. The level of root mycorrhization and the spore abundance in the soil were measured at different sampling times. Community composition of AMF in roots was analyzed with a molecular approach amplifying a portion of 18S rDNA. In the corn monoculture we found a relatively rich AMF community, with a number of phylotypes detected (11) higher than those found in previous works by molecular tools. Comparing the different crop rotation types highlighted remarkable differences in the composition and structure of the AMF assemblages showing that the nature of crop sequence has, in the long term, an important role in modeling the resident AMF community. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
2012
Hernádi, I.; Magurno, F.; Sasvári, Z.; Posta, K.
In: Journal of Landscape Ecology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 305-313, 2012, ISSN: 15894673, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-84872483073,
title = {Effects of mycorrhizal inoculants on cultivation of two spice pepper types and local arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community [Mikorrhiza oltóanyag hatása két fűszerpaprika termesztésére és a helyi arbuszkuláris mikorrhiza gombaközösségre]},
author = { I. Hernádi and F. Magurno and Z. Sasvári and K. Posta},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84872483073&partnerID=40&md5=941e9f6e0c82ee07dcdbdf7d2f28cf89},
issn = {15894673},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Landscape Ecology},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {305-313},
publisher = {Szent István University, Institute of Nature Conservation and Landscape Management},
abstract = {Plants in most of the major plant families form symbiotic associations between their roots and mycorrhizal fungi in nature. One type of mycorrhizal association, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, can contribute significantly to plant nutrition by promoting the uptake of phosphorus, nitrogen, resulting in improved plant growth and health. Colonization by AM may also improve rooting and plant establishment and enhance plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Though the majority of horticultural crops are mycorrhiza-dependent, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in plant production has been neglected in high-input agriculture. Field application of commercial inoculum mix of Glomus spp. was tested in two types of spice pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. longum), cv. Szegedi and cv. Kalocsai cultivation. With polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), differences in small subunit ribosomal RNA genes were used to characterize groups of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with respect to effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on indigenous AMF population. However, due to limitations of the applied technique, we couldn't draw conclusions about the change at species level, but only at ribotypes level. The AMF inoculant was able to establish in the rhizosphere of both pepper types. According to the Tukey test, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased fresh weight of shoots of both variants and highly significantly enhanced dry weights of shoots of spice pepper var. Szegedi. Treated plants exhibited an increase in cumulative crop production compared to controls, mycorrhizal inoculation increased yield of spice pepper var. Szegedi by more than 60% compared to the non-treated control plants. Having relatively high root colonization in the control, non-inoculated treatment indicated high presence of indigenous populations of AMF in the field soil. The effect of seasonality, as a change in the fungal community colonizing the roots of pepper, was also detected using molecular tools. Although the inoculation affected structure of resident AM fungal community, there was no remarkable decrease in AMF species diversity and apparently no deleterious effects connected with aggressiveness as regards native populations of the AMF. However, further research is needed to specify the shift in AMF community and to consider long-term effects of inoculation on maintenance of diversity of the AMF community.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Plants in most of the major plant families form symbiotic associations between their roots and mycorrhizal fungi in nature. One type of mycorrhizal association, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, can contribute significantly to plant nutrition by promoting the uptake of phosphorus, nitrogen, resulting in improved plant growth and health. Colonization by AM may also improve rooting and plant establishment and enhance plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Though the majority of horticultural crops are mycorrhiza-dependent, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in plant production has been neglected in high-input agriculture. Field application of commercial inoculum mix of Glomus spp. was tested in two types of spice pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. longum), cv. Szegedi and cv. Kalocsai cultivation. With polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), differences in small subunit ribosomal RNA genes were used to characterize groups of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with respect to effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on indigenous AMF population. However, due to limitations of the applied technique, we couldn't draw conclusions about the change at species level, but only at ribotypes level. The AMF inoculant was able to establish in the rhizosphere of both pepper types. According to the Tukey test, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased fresh weight of shoots of both variants and highly significantly enhanced dry weights of shoots of spice pepper var. Szegedi. Treated plants exhibited an increase in cumulative crop production compared to controls, mycorrhizal inoculation increased yield of spice pepper var. Szegedi by more than 60% compared to the non-treated control plants. Having relatively high root colonization in the control, non-inoculated treatment indicated high presence of indigenous populations of AMF in the field soil. The effect of seasonality, as a change in the fungal community colonizing the roots of pepper, was also detected using molecular tools. Although the inoculation affected structure of resident AM fungal community, there was no remarkable decrease in AMF species diversity and apparently no deleterious effects connected with aggressiveness as regards native populations of the AMF. However, further research is needed to specify the shift in AMF community and to consider long-term effects of inoculation on maintenance of diversity of the AMF community.
Sasvári, Z.; Magurno, F.; Posta, K.
In: Journal of Landscape Ecology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 351-360, 2012, ISSN: 15894673, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-84872461026,
title = {Study of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi under the pressure of monoculture and different crop rotations in a long term field experiment [Hosszú időtartamú monokultúrás termesztésből és különböző vetésforgó rendszerekből származó növények arbuszkuláris mikorrhiza (am) gomba-közösségeinek vizsgálata]},
author = { Z. Sasvári and F. Magurno and K. Posta},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84872461026&partnerID=40&md5=4626ed1315bc78022767bf766d8fef2c},
issn = {15894673},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Landscape Ecology},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {351-360},
publisher = {Szent István University, Institute of Nature Conservation and Landscape Management},
abstract = {Nowadays environmentally friendly crop production technologies more and more come to the fore, which ensure the reduction of the amount of fertilizer and pesticide while maintaining crop yield and quality. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, that form symbioses with the majority of terrestrial plant species including a large proportion of cultivated plants, can play a significant role in this process. Different agricultural practices, such as mechanical disturbance, chemical fertilization and pesticide application can negatively affect the AM fungal community. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to assess the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated mainly with maize (Zea mays L.) in a long-term monoculture-based cultivation and various crop rotation systems (3 yrs alfalfa/5 yrs corn; 2 yrs wheat/2 yrs corn; and corn/spring barley/peas/wheat [Norfolk type] crop rotation systems), established at Martonvásár by the Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Research Academy of Sciences. Our investigations aimed to determine the number of AM fungal spores in 1 g of the rhizosphere soils of plants, to estimate mycorrhization percentages, to identify the mycorrhizal fungi actively colonizing the roots of plants by molecular techniques (amplifying a portion of AM fungal 18S rDNA by nested-PCR), and to reveal the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the AM fungal community. In accord once with the literature the root colonization rates and also the AM fungal spore numbers changed with the progress of the vegetation period. In corn monoculture we found a relatively rich AMF community even after such an extreme and durable reduction of host plant diversity. Furthermore, significant differences in the composition of AMF communities were detected between the maize monocropping and the crop rotation systems.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nowadays environmentally friendly crop production technologies more and more come to the fore, which ensure the reduction of the amount of fertilizer and pesticide while maintaining crop yield and quality. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, that form symbioses with the majority of terrestrial plant species including a large proportion of cultivated plants, can play a significant role in this process. Different agricultural practices, such as mechanical disturbance, chemical fertilization and pesticide application can negatively affect the AM fungal community. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to assess the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated mainly with maize (Zea mays L.) in a long-term monoculture-based cultivation and various crop rotation systems (3 yrs alfalfa/5 yrs corn; 2 yrs wheat/2 yrs corn; and corn/spring barley/peas/wheat [Norfolk type] crop rotation systems), established at Martonvásár by the Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Research Academy of Sciences. Our investigations aimed to determine the number of AM fungal spores in 1 g of the rhizosphere soils of plants, to estimate mycorrhization percentages, to identify the mycorrhizal fungi actively colonizing the roots of plants by molecular techniques (amplifying a portion of AM fungal 18S rDNA by nested-PCR), and to reveal the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the AM fungal community. In accord once with the literature the root colonization rates and also the AM fungal spore numbers changed with the progress of the vegetation period. In corn monoculture we found a relatively rich AMF community even after such an extreme and durable reduction of host plant diversity. Furthermore, significant differences in the composition of AMF communities were detected between the maize monocropping and the crop rotation systems.