2021
Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Taszarek, M.; Kolendowicz, L.
Change of Thunderstorms and Tornadoes Book Chapter
In: pp. 421-441, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021, ISSN: 23520698, (1).
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title = {Change of Thunderstorms and Tornadoes},
author = { Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and M. Taszarek and L. Kolendowicz},
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year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Springer Climate},
pages = {421-441},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},
abstract = {In this chapter, on the basis of meteorological observation series from 47 meteorological stations for the years 1951–2018 and data from the Scientific Station of the Climatology Department of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków for the years 1901–2018, the analysis of the long-term variability and annual course of the thunderstorms occurrence in Poland was undertaken. The results of research on the occurrence of tornadoes in Poland for the years 1810–2018 were also presented, and the data used in the analysis come from the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) and historical sources. Additionally, long-term changes in meteorological conditions leading to the occurrence of thunderstorms and tornadoes were identified. For this purpose data from the ERA5 reanalysis were used. The results obtained revealed that the period of thunderstorm activity during the year became longer than at the beginning of the periods under consideration and shifts towards the first months of the year. It was also found that in the period 1951–2018 in the eastern part of the country can observe signals of an increase in the frequency of days with thunderstorms, while in the western part trends are rather downward. However, long-term variability of the thunderstorms occurrence during the period of over 100 years does not indicate a clear tendency of changes and only in the cool season the trend is increasing and statistically significant. It was also determine that tornadoes are really rare phenomena, but always occurring in Poland. Each year, on average 5 weak tornadoes, 1–2 significant tornadoes (up to F4 in Fujita scale) and 4 waterspouts are reported. At the same time, it has been shown that with the ongoing climate change, environmental conditions are becoming consistently more conducive for severe convective phenomena occurrence in Poland. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
note = {1},
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In this chapter, on the basis of meteorological observation series from 47 meteorological stations for the years 1951–2018 and data from the Scientific Station of the Climatology Department of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków for the years 1901–2018, the analysis of the long-term variability and annual course of the thunderstorms occurrence in Poland was undertaken. The results of research on the occurrence of tornadoes in Poland for the years 1810–2018 were also presented, and the data used in the analysis come from the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) and historical sources. Additionally, long-term changes in meteorological conditions leading to the occurrence of thunderstorms and tornadoes were identified. For this purpose data from the ERA5 reanalysis were used. The results obtained revealed that the period of thunderstorm activity during the year became longer than at the beginning of the periods under consideration and shifts towards the first months of the year. It was also found that in the period 1951–2018 in the eastern part of the country can observe signals of an increase in the frequency of days with thunderstorms, while in the western part trends are rather downward. However, long-term variability of the thunderstorms occurrence during the period of over 100 years does not indicate a clear tendency of changes and only in the cool season the trend is increasing and statistically significant. It was also determine that tornadoes are really rare phenomena, but always occurring in Poland. Each year, on average 5 weak tornadoes, 1–2 significant tornadoes (up to F4 in Fujita scale) and 4 waterspouts are reported. At the same time, it has been shown that with the ongoing climate change, environmental conditions are becoming consistently more conducive for severe convective phenomena occurrence in Poland. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
2014
Guzik, U.; Hupert-Kocurek, K. T.; Krysiak, M.; Wojcieszyńska, D.
In: BioMed Research International, vol. 2014, 2014, ISSN: 23146133, (29).
@article{2-s2.0-84896106164,
title = {Degradation potential of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase from crude extract of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain KB2 immobilized in calcium alginate hydrogels and on glyoxyl agarose},
author = { U. Guzik and K.T. Hupert-Kocurek and M. Krysiak and D. Wojcieszyńska},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84896106164&doi=10.1155%2f2014%2f138768&partnerID=40&md5=a294b2c485472dba4d58232c4766944d},
doi = {10.1155/2014/138768},
issn = {23146133},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {BioMed Research International},
volume = {2014},
publisher = {Hindawi Publishing Corporation},
abstract = {Microbial intradiol dioxygenases have been shown to have a great potential for bioremediation; however, their structure is sensitive to various environmental and chemical agents. Immobilization techniques allow for the improvement of enzyme properties. This is the first report on use of glyoxyl agarose and calcium alginate as matrixes for the immobilization of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase. Multipoint attachment of the enzyme to the carrier caused maintenance of its initial activity during the 21 days. Immobilization of dioxygenase in calcium alginate or on glyoxyl agarose resulted in decrease in the optimum temperature by 5°C and 10°C, respectively. Entrapment of the enzyme in alginate gel shifted its optimum pH towards high-alkaline pH while immobilization of the enzyme on glyoxyl agarose did not influence pH profile of the enzyme. Protocatechuate 3,4-dioygenase immobilized in calcium alginate showed increased activity towards 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, caffeic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate, and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate. Slightly lower activity of the enzyme was observed after its immobilization on glyoxyl agarose. Entrapment of the enzyme in alginate gel protected it against chelators and aliphatic alcohols while its immobilization on glyoxyl agarose enhanced enzyme resistance to inactivation by metal ions. © 2014 Urszula Guzik et al.},
note = {29},
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pubstate = {published},
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}
Microbial intradiol dioxygenases have been shown to have a great potential for bioremediation; however, their structure is sensitive to various environmental and chemical agents. Immobilization techniques allow for the improvement of enzyme properties. This is the first report on use of glyoxyl agarose and calcium alginate as matrixes for the immobilization of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase. Multipoint attachment of the enzyme to the carrier caused maintenance of its initial activity during the 21 days. Immobilization of dioxygenase in calcium alginate or on glyoxyl agarose resulted in decrease in the optimum temperature by 5°C and 10°C, respectively. Entrapment of the enzyme in alginate gel shifted its optimum pH towards high-alkaline pH while immobilization of the enzyme on glyoxyl agarose did not influence pH profile of the enzyme. Protocatechuate 3,4-dioygenase immobilized in calcium alginate showed increased activity towards 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, caffeic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate, and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate. Slightly lower activity of the enzyme was observed after its immobilization on glyoxyl agarose. Entrapment of the enzyme in alginate gel protected it against chelators and aliphatic alcohols while its immobilization on glyoxyl agarose enhanced enzyme resistance to inactivation by metal ions. © 2014 Urszula Guzik et al.
2003
Bednorz, E.; Kolendowicz, L.; Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Bokwa, A.; Żelazny, M.; Kicińska, B.; Lewik, P.; Nowosad, M.; Ustrnul, Z.
In: Przeglad Geofizyczny, vol. 48, no. 1-2, pp. 11-32, 2003, ISSN: 00332135, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-1642374246,
title = {Regionalisations, typologies and climatic seasons with application of cluster analysis [Regionalizacje, typologie i wyznaczania sezonów klimatycznych z zastosowaniem analizy skupień]},
author = { E. Bednorz and L. Kolendowicz and Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and A. Bokwa and M. Żelazny and B. Kicińska and P. Lewik and M. Nowosad and Z. Ustrnul},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1642374246&partnerID=40&md5=d7695c70987ecdb3d091116f051fca9f},
issn = {00332135},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-01-01},
journal = {Przeglad Geofizyczny},
volume = {48},
number = {1-2},
pages = {11-32},
abstract = {In the paper are presented examples of regionalisation, typology and delimiting climatic seasons, completed with chosen cluster analysis methods: K-means, Ward's and Wrocław dendrite. The methods were used to distinguish atmospheric circulation regions on the Northern hemisphere, thunderstorm regions and sulphur dioxide pollution regions in Poland, and snow-cover regions in North-Western Poland. Moreover, atmospheric circulation seasons, skiing seasons and thermal seasons were defined. The methods were also used for typology of thermal structure in the air layer near the ground, and for an attempt to define the relations between physical-chemical features of precipitation and meteorological conditions. The presented examples prove that it is possible to approach the problems of regionalisation and typology in climatology in a new way, namely without a priori assumptions, without imposing at the beginning the elements determining the spatial pattern of a phenomena. Additionally, it is very important that such an analysis requires from the researcher independence, responsibility and lot of criticism while interpreting the results, especially using non-hierarchical methods. Finally, the presented methods allow us to obtain the image of both spatial and temporal differentiation of chosen elements.},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the paper are presented examples of regionalisation, typology and delimiting climatic seasons, completed with chosen cluster analysis methods: K-means, Ward's and Wrocław dendrite. The methods were used to distinguish atmospheric circulation regions on the Northern hemisphere, thunderstorm regions and sulphur dioxide pollution regions in Poland, and snow-cover regions in North-Western Poland. Moreover, atmospheric circulation seasons, skiing seasons and thermal seasons were defined. The methods were also used for typology of thermal structure in the air layer near the ground, and for an attempt to define the relations between physical-chemical features of precipitation and meteorological conditions. The presented examples prove that it is possible to approach the problems of regionalisation and typology in climatology in a new way, namely without a priori assumptions, without imposing at the beginning the elements determining the spatial pattern of a phenomena. Additionally, it is very important that such an analysis requires from the researcher independence, responsibility and lot of criticism while interpreting the results, especially using non-hierarchical methods. Finally, the presented methods allow us to obtain the image of both spatial and temporal differentiation of chosen elements.
2000
Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Kolendowicz, L.
In: Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio B, no. 55-56, pp. 59-65, 2000, ISSN: 01371983.
@article{2-s2.0-0034590111,
title = {Problems connected with the observation and climatological elaborations of thunderstorms [Problemy zwia̧zane z obserwacja̧ i opracowaniami klimatologicznymi burz]},
author = { Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and L. Kolendowicz},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034590111&partnerID=40&md5=4119342a1a36018b6e390aad63378f92},
issn = {01371983},
year = {2000},
date = {2000-01-01},
journal = {Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio B},
number = {55-56},
pages = {59-65},
abstract = {[No abstract available]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[No abstract available]